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• Is dependency injection by hand a better alternative to composition and polymorphism?

  - by Drake Clarris

  First, I'm an entry level programmer; In fact, I'm finishing an A.S. degree with a final capstone project over the summer. In my new job, when there isn't some project for me to do (they're waiting to fill the team with more new hires), I've been given books to read and learn from while I wait - some textbooks, others not so much (like Code Complete). After going through these books, I've turned to the internet to learn as much as possible, and started learning about SOLID and DI (we talked some about Liskov's substitution principle, but not much else SOLID ideas). So as I've learned, I sat down to do to learn better, and began writing some code to utilize DI by hand (there are no DI frameworks on the development computers). Thing is, as I do it, I notice it feels familiar... and it seems like it is very much like work I've done in the past using composition of abstract classes using polymorphism. Am I missing a bigger picture here? Is there something about DI (at least by hand) that goes beyond that? I understand the possibility of having configurations not in code of some DI frameworks having some great benefits as far as changing things without having to recompile, but when doing it by hand, I'm not sure if it's any different than stated above... Some insight into this would be very helpful!

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• it is a good approach to implement dependency injection in a desktop app?

  - by luis_laurent

  Well, the thing is that I am just about to create a Desktop App (with .NET windows forms) And now I just wonder if it would be really a wise choise to use any IoC (StructureMap,Ninject,Spring .Net), I have used them before for Asp.Net web applications but what makes me doubt now is the fact that working with windows forms my business entities will persist when I navigate through tabs and unlike than web forms or mvc apps where it would be necesary to inject my business entity for every new request that is performed, I mean this because of the Asp.Net page life cycle where is performed the initialization and controls instantiation. Maybe I am misunderstanding the point of using an IoC, so please tell me what do you think would be a better choise?

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• How do I use constructor dependency injection to supply Models from a collection to their ViewModels

  - by GraemeF

  I'm using constructor dependency injection in my WPF application and I keep running into the following pattern, so would like to get other people's opinion on it and hear about alternative solutions. The goal is to wire up a hierarchy of ViewModels to a similar hierarchy of Models, so that the responsibility for presenting the information in each model lies with its own ViewModel implementation. (The pattern also crops up under other circumstances but MVVM should make for a good example.) Here's a simplified example. Given that I have a model that has a collection of further models: public interface IPerson { IEnumerable<IAddress> Addresses { get; } } public interface IAddress { } I would like to mirror this hierarchy in the ViewModels so that I can bind a ListBox (or whatever) to a collection in the Person ViewModel: public interface IPersonViewModel { ObservableCollection<IAddressViewModel> Addresses { get; } void Initialize(); } public interface IAddressViewModel { } The child ViewModel needs to present the information from the child Model, so it's injected via the constructor: public class AddressViewModel : IAddressViewModel { private readonly IAddress _address; public AddressViewModel(IAddress address) { _address = address; } } The question is, what is the best way to supply the child Model to the corresponding child ViewModel? The example is trivial, but in a typical real case the ViewModels have more dependencies - each of which has its own dependencies (and so on). I'm using Unity 1.2 (although I think the question is relevant across the other IoC containers), and I am using Caliburn's view strategies to automatically find and wire up the appropriate View to a ViewModel. Here is my current solution: The parent ViewModel needs to create a child ViewModel for each child Model, so it has a factory method added to its constructor which it uses during initialization: public class PersonViewModel : IPersonViewModel { private readonly Func<IAddress, IAddressViewModel> _addressViewModelFactory; private readonly IPerson _person; public PersonViewModel(IPerson person, Func<IAddress, IAddressViewModel> addressViewModelFactory) { _addressViewModelFactory = addressViewModelFactory; _person = person; Addresses = new ObservableCollection<IAddressViewModel>(); } public ObservableCollection<IAddressViewModel> Addresses { get; private set; } public void Initialize() { foreach (IAddress address in _person.Addresses) Addresses.Add(_addressViewModelFactory(address)); } } A factory method that satisfies the Func<IAddress, IAddressViewModel> interface is registered with the main UnityContainer. The factory method uses a child container to register the IAddress dependency that is required by the ViewModel and then resolves the child ViewModel: public class Factory { private readonly IUnityContainer _container; public Factory(IUnityContainer container) { _container = container; } public void RegisterStuff() { _container.RegisterInstance<Func<IAddress, IAddressViewModel>>(CreateAddressViewModel); } private IAddressViewModel CreateAddressViewModel(IAddress model) { IUnityContainer childContainer = _container.CreateChildContainer(); childContainer.RegisterInstance(model); return childContainer.Resolve<IAddressViewModel>(); } } Now, when the PersonViewModel is initialized, it loops through each Address in the Model and calls CreateAddressViewModel() (which was injected via the Func<IAddress, IAddressViewModel> argument). CreateAddressViewModel() creates a temporary child container and registers the IAddress model so that when it resolves the IAddressViewModel from the child container the AddressViewModel gets the correct instance injected via its constructor. This seems to be a good solution to me as the dependencies of the ViewModels are very clear and they are easily testable and unaware of the IoC container. On the other hand, performance is OK but not great as a lot of temporary child containers can be created. Also I end up with a lot of very similar factory methods. Is this the best way to inject the child Models into the child ViewModels with Unity? Is there a better (or faster) way to do it in other IoC containers, e.g. Autofac? How would this problem be tackled with MEF, given that it is not a traditional IoC container but is still used to compose objects?

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• Passing List of Strings or Array of strings into Unity Injection Constructor (Config-Based)

  - by miguel

  I cannot seem to get unity working when attempting to pass in an array of strings into a constructor parameter list, while using XML configuration. When I try the following: <typeConfig ...> <constructor ...> <param ... parameterType="System.String[]"> <array> <value.../> <value.../> </array> </param> </constructor> </typeConfig> for a c'tor which looks like this: void Foo(string[] inputParams_){ ... } It always fails in Unity's FindConstructor(...) method stating that it cannot find a c'tor mathcing the parameter type of String.String Does anyone know how to pass an array of stings successfully into this type of c'tor? If not, how can I do so with a list of strings, if the c'tor were to accept an IList? Thanks!

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• Hows does Seam injection work in Ejb3

  - by kazanaki

  Hello We are using Seam 2.2.0 Java 1.6.14 Weblogic 10.3.1.0 (named 11g Doh!) I have looked at Seam reference Seam in action These web pages However I still do not understand how to inject an EJB3 bean into a JSF backing bean. It seems to me that I have to (correct me if I am wrong) Annotate with @Name my backing bean Annotate with @Name my EJB3 bean Use the @In annotation in the backing bean Put an empty seam.properties file in the WAR that contains the backing bean Put an empty seam.properties file in the JAR that contains the EJB Set up a Seam interceptor in ejb-jar.xml of the EJB Don't I need to setup some JNDI URL somewhere? How exactly does Seam will find the EJB? The interceptor is enough? Also this means that I have to add a seam dependency in my EJB archive (because of the @Name annotation). So the web layer (Seam) "spills" into my business logic (EJB). Is this the recommended approach? Am I missing something here?

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• Performance Impact of Using Spring.NET Dependency Injection

  Looking to start using Spring.NET to provide Dependency Injection in your next project? In this article I will show the performance impact of Spring.NET Dependency Injection and compare it to performing the same functions natively.

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• Dependency Injection with Custom Membership Provider

  - by alastairs

  I have an ASP.NET MVC web application that implements a custom membership provider. The custom membership provider takes a UserRepository to its constructor that provides an interface between the membership provider and NHibernate. The UserRepository is provided by the Ninject IoC container. Obviously, however, this doesn't work when the provider is instantiated by .NET: the parameterless constructor does not have a UserRepository and cannot create one (the UserRepository requires an NHibernate session be passed to its constructor), which then means that the provider cannot access its data store. How can I resolve my object dependency? It's probably worth noting that this is an existing application that has been retrofitted with Ninject. Previously I used parameterless constructors that were able to create their required dependencies in conjunction with the parametered constructors to assist unit testing. Any thoughts, or have I built myself into a corner here?

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• Using a Dependency Injection Container in an enterprise solution with multiple different configurati

  - by KevinT

  Can anyone point me towards some good documentation / code examples on how best to manage the configuration of a DI container in a scenario where you need different configuations sets? We have a layered, distributed application that has multiple entry points (ie; a website, winforms app, office plugin etc). Depending on how you are using the solution (through a UI vs. an automated workflow for example), it needs to be configured slightly differently. We are using Windsor, and it's fluent configuration capabilities.

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• Dependency Injection for Windows Phone 7

  - by Igor Zevaka

  I was trying to use Unity 2.0 beta 2 for Silverlight in my Windows Phone 7 project and I kept getting this crash: Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy.DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy() + 0x1f bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy.DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy() + 0x1f bytes mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo.InternalInvoke(System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo rtci = {System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo}, System.Reflection.BindingFlags invokeAttr = Default, System.Reflection.Binder binder = null, object parameters = {object[0]}, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture = null, bool isBinderDefault = false, System.Reflection.Assembly caller = null, bool verifyAccess = true, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark = LookForMyCaller) mscorlib.dll!System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo.InternalInvoke(object obj = null, System.Reflection.BindingFlags invokeAttr = Default, System.Reflection.Binder binder = null, object[] parameters = {object[0]}, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture = null, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark = LookForMyCaller) + 0x103 bytes mscorlib.dll!System.Activator.InternalCreateInstance(System.Type type = {Name = "DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy" FullName = "Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy"}, bool nonPublic = false, ref System.Threading.StackCrawlMark stackMark = LookForMyCaller) + 0xf0 bytes mscorlib.dll!System.Activator.CreateInstance() + 0xc bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.StagedStrategyChain.AddNew(Microsoft.Practices.Unity.ObjectBuilder.UnityBuildStage stage = Creation) + 0x1d bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityDefaultStrategiesExtension.Initialize() + 0x6c bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityContainerExtension.InitializeExtension(Microsoft.Practices.Unity.ExtensionContext context = {Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityContainer.ExtensionContextImpl}) + 0x31 bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityContainer.AddExtension(Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityContainerExtension extension = {Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityDefaultStrategiesExtension}) + 0x1a bytes Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Silverlight.dll!Microsoft.Practices.Unity.UnityContainer.UnityContainer() + 0xf bytes Thinking I could resolve it I've tried a few things but to no avail. Turns out that this is a rather fundamental problem and my assumption that Windows Phone 7 is Silverlight 3 + Some other stuff is wrong. This page describes the differences between Mobile Silverlight and Silverlight 3. Of particular interest is this: The System.Reflection.Emit namespace is not supported in Silverlight for Windows Phone. This is precisely why Unity is crashing on the phone, DynamicMethodConstructorStrategy class uses System.Reflection.Emit quite extensively... So the question is, what alternative to Unity is there for Windows Phone 7?

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• Dependency Injection: Jetty 7

  - by Malax

  Hi StackOverflow! My application requires several interface implementations which require a Jetty server to do their job. This is, however, not necessarily the case in every implementations of those interfaces so the Jetty server is only a dependency. Since it would be a huge amount of pain to wrap the entire jetty server with all its logging, connector and Handler configurations, I want to inject the server to those implementations with Spring. I decided that injecting the Server class is not a good idea because an implementation could stop the server even if its required at another location. Currently I inject empty HandlerList classes to those implementations and they register their handlers to avoid those problems. The Problem: Those handlers might interfere with other handlers for example: implementation one might register a handler for /foo and implementation two too... problem. Has anyone used Jetty in such an environment? And how could this problem be solved? My XML to clarify my problem: <bean id="jetty" class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server" destroy-method="stop"> <property name="connectors"> <list> <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.bio.SocketConnector"> <property name="host" value="10.8.0.46" /> <property name="port" value="9999" /> </bean> </list> </property> <property name="handler"> <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerCollection"> <property name="handlers"> <list> <ref bean="jetty.handlerList" /> <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.RequestLogHandler"> <property name="requestLog"> <bean class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.NCSARequestLog"> <constructor-arg value="${jetty.logfile}" /> <property name="extended" value="false"/> </bean> </property> </bean> </list> </property> </bean> </property> <property name="sendServerVersion" value="false" /> </bean> <bean id="jetty.handlerList" class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerList" /> If I require an empty HandlerList I use something like this where com.example.myapp.util.ioc.CreateHandlerListFactory is a org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean which creates a new HandlerList within the given HandlerList. <constructor-arg> <bean class="com.example.myapp.util.ioc.CreateHandlerListFactory"> <constructor-arg ref="jetty.handlerList"/> </bean> </constructor-arg>

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• DI Patterns: Constructor Injection

  In this article, an excerpt from the book "Dependency Injection in .NET", we will take a detailed look at the DI pattern known as Constructor Injection.

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• EntityManager injection works in JBoss 7.1.1 but not WebSphere 7

  - by BikerJared

  I've built an EJB that will manage my database access. I'm building a web app around it that uses Struts 2. The problem I'm having is when I deploy the ear, the EntityManager doesn't get injected into my service class (and winds up null and results in NullPointerExceptions). The weird thing is, it works on JBoss 7.1.1 but not on WebSphere 7. You'll notice that Struts doesn't inject the EJB, so I've got some intercepter code that does that. My current working theory right now is that the WS7 container can't inject the EntityManager because of Struts for some unknown reason. My next step is to try Spring next, but I'd really like to get this to work if possible. I've spent a few days searching and trying various things and haven't had any luck. I figured I'd give this a shot. Let me know if I can provide additional information. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="1.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="JPATestPU" transaction-type="JTA"> <description>JPATest Persistence Unit</description> <jta-data-source>jdbc/Test-DS</jta-data-source> <class>org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.entities.User</class> <properties> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> package org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.entities; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.*; @Entity @Table public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -2643583108587251245L; private long id; private String name; private String email; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE) public long getId() { return id; } public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; } @Column(nullable=false) public String getName() { return this.name; } public void setName( String name ) { this.name = name; } @Column(nullable=false) public String getEmail() { return this.email; } @Column(nullable=false) public void setEmail( String email ) { this.email= email; } } package org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.services; import java.util.List; import javax.ejb.Remote; import javax.ejb.Stateless; import javax.ejb.TransactionAttribute; import javax.ejb.TransactionAttributeType; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContextType; import javax.persistence.Query; import org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.entities.User; import org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.interfaces.IUserService; @Stateless(name="UserService",mappedName="UserService") @Remote public class UserService implements IUserService { @PersistenceContext(unitName="JPATestPU",type=PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION) private EntityManager em; @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED) public User getUserById(long userId) { User retVal = null; if(userId > 0) { retVal = (User)this.getEm().find(User.class, userId); } return retVal; } @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED) public List<User> getUsers() { List<User> retVal = null; String sql; sql = "SELECT u FROM User u ORDER BY u.id ASC"; Query q = this.getEm().createQuery(sql); retVal = (List<User>)q.getResultList(); return retVal; } @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED) public void save(User user) { this.getEm().persist(user); } @TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED) public boolean remove(long userId) { boolean retVal = false; if(userId > 0) { User user = null; user = (User)this.getEm().find(User.class, userId); if(user != null) this.getEm().remove(user); if(this.getEm().find(User.class, userId) == null) retVal = true; } return retVal; } public EntityManager getEm() { return em; } public void setEm(EntityManager em) { this.em = em; } } package org.jaredstevens.jpatest.actions.user; import javax.ejb.EJB; import org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.entities.User; import org.jaredstevens.jpatest.db.interfaces.IUserService; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { @EJB(mappedName="UserService") private IUserService userService; private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String userId; private String name; private String email; private User user; public String getUserById() { String retVal = ActionSupport.SUCCESS; this.setUser(userService.getUserById(Long.parseLong(this.userId))); return retVal; } public String save() { String retVal = ActionSupport.SUCCESS; User user = new User(); if(this.getUserId() != null && Long.parseLong(this.getUserId()) > 0) user.setId(Long.parseLong(this.getUserId())); user.setName(this.getName()); user.setEmail(this.getEmail()); userService.save(user); this.setUser(user); return retVal; } public String getUserId() { return this.userId; } public void setUserId(String userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public void setName( String name ) { this.name = name; } public String getEmail() { return this.email; } public void setEmail( String email ) { this.email = email; } public User getUser() { return this.user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } } package org.jaredstevens.jpatest.utils; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionInvocation; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor; public class EJBAnnotationProcessorInterceptor implements Interceptor { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public void destroy() { } public void init() { } public String intercept(ActionInvocation ai) throws Exception { EJBAnnotationProcessor.process(ai.getAction()); return ai.invoke(); } } package org.jaredstevens.jpatest.utils; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import javax.ejb.EJB; import javax.naming.Context; import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; public class EJBAnnotationProcessor { public static void process(Object instance)throws Exception{ Field[] fields = instance.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); if(fields != null && fields.length > 0){ EJB ejb; for(Field field : fields){ ejb = field.getAnnotation(EJB.class); if(ejb != null){ field.setAccessible(true); field.set(instance, EJBAnnotationProcessor.getEJB(ejb.mappedName())); } } } } private static Object getEJB(String mappedName) { Object retVal = null; String path = ""; Context cxt = null; String[] paths = {"cell/nodes/virgoNode01/servers/server1/","java:module/"}; for( int i=0; i < paths.length; ++i ) { try { path = paths[i]+mappedName; cxt = new InitialContext(); retVal = cxt.lookup(path); if(retVal != null) break; } catch (NamingException e) { retVal = null; } } return retVal; } } <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <package name="basicstruts2" namespace="/diagnostics" extends="struts-default"> <interceptors> <interceptor name="ejbAnnotationProcessor" class="org.jaredstevens.jpatest.utils.EJBAnnotationProcessorInterceptor"/> <interceptor-stack name="baseStack"> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/> <interceptor-ref name="ejbAnnotationProcessor"/> </interceptor-stack> </interceptors> <default-interceptor-ref name="baseStack"/> </package> <package name="restAPI" namespace="/conduit" extends="json-default"> <interceptors> <interceptor name="ejbAnnotationProcessor" class="org.jaredstevens.jpatest.utils.EJBAnnotationProcessorInterceptor" /> <interceptor-stack name="baseStack"> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" /> <interceptor-ref name="ejbAnnotationProcessor" /> </interceptor-stack> </interceptors> <default-interceptor-ref name="baseStack" /> <action name="UserAction.getUserById" class="org.jaredstevens.jpatest.actions.user.UserAction" method="getUserById"> <result type="json"> <param name="ignoreHierarchy">false</param> <param name="includeProperties"> ^user\.id, ^user\.name, ^user\.email </param> </result> <result name="error" type="json" /> </action> <action name="UserAction.save" class="org.jaredstevens.jpatest.actions.user.UserAction" method="save"> <result type="json"> <param name="ignoreHierarchy">false</param> <param name="includeProperties"> ^user\.id, ^user\.name, ^user\.email </param> </result> <result name="error" type="json" /> </action> </package> </struts> Stack Trace java.lang.NullPointerException org.jaredstevens.jpatest.actions.user.UserAction.save(UserAction.java:38) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:60) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:453) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:292) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:255) org.jaredstevens.jpatest.utils.EJBAnnotationProcessorInterceptor.intercept(EJBAnnotationProcessorInterceptor.java:21) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:256) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:265) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:211) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:211) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:90) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:192) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187) com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:249) org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:54) org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:511) org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77) org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:188) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:1062) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:982) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3935) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1583) com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186) com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:452) com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:511) com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:305) com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.ready(HttpInboundLink.java:276) com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.sendToDiscriminators(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:214) com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.complete(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:113) com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165) com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217) com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161) com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138) com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204) com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775) com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905) com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1604)

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• Successful SQL Injection despite PHP Magic Quotes

  - by Crimson

  I have always read that Magic Quotes do not stop SQL Injections at all but I am not able to understand why not! As an example, let's say we have the following query: SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE email='$x'; Now, if the user input makes $x=' OR 1=1 --, the query would be: SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE email='\' OR 1=1 --'; The backslash will be added by Magic Quotes with no damage done whatsoever! Is there a way that I am not seeing where the user can bypass the Magic Quote insertions here?

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• Logging exceptions during bean injection

  - by Marc W

  I think this is a pretty basic question, but after Googling around I can't seem to find the answer. What I need is a way to log some custom output with log4j during Spring bean construction. I have a factory class called ResponderFactory (being used as an instance factory in Spring) with a factory method that can throw 2 different types of exception. public CollectorResponder collectorResponder(String inputQueueName) throws ConfigurationException, BrokerConnectionException {} Now, normally I could wrap a call to this method in a try-catch block with 2 catch clauses to handle the logging situations for each of the exceptions. However, if I'm using Spring to inject this CollectorResponder, created with the factory, into another class I don't see how this is possible. <bean id="responderFactory" class="com.package.ResponderFactory"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="basicDispatcher" /> <constructor-arg index="1" value="http://localhost:9000" /> </bean> <bean id="collectorResponder" class="com.package.CollectorResponder" factory-bean="responderFactory" factory-method="collectorResponder"> <constructor-arg value="collector.in" /> </bean> <bean id="collectorConsumer" class="com.package.CollectorConsumer"> <constructor-arg ref="collectorResponder" /> </bean> Again, I want to catch these exceptions when the collectorResponder bean is instantiated. Right now I'm dealing with this is CollectorConsumer when I instantiate using new CollectorResponder(...). Is there any way I can do this?

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• IoC / Dependency Injection - please explain code versus XML

  - by steve.macdonald

  I understand basically how IoC frameworks work, however one thing I don't quite get is how code-based config is supposed to work. With XML I understand how you could add a new assembly to a deployed application, then change the config in XML to include it. If the application is already deployed (i.e., compiled in some form) then how can code changes be made without recompiling? Or is that what people do, just change config in code and recompile?

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• How far does Dependency Injection reach?

  - by Baddie

  My web app solution consists of 3 projects: Web App (ASP.NET MVC) Business Logic Layer (Class Library) Database Layer (Entity Framework) I want to use Ninject to manage the lifetime of the DataContext generated by the Entity Framework in the Database Layer. The Business Logic layer consists of classes which reference repositories (located in the database layer) and my ASP.NET MVC app references the business logic layer's service classes to run code. Each repository creates an instance of the MyDataContext object from the Entity Framework Repository public class MyRepository { private MyDataContext db; public MyRepository { this.db = new MyDataContext(); } // methods } Business Logic Classes public class BizLogicClass { private MyRepository repos; public MyRepository { this.repos = new MyRepository(); } // do stuff with the repos } Will Ninject handle the lifetime of MyDataContext despite the lengthy dependency chain from the Web App to the Data Layer?

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• StructureMap resolve dependency through injection instead of service location

  - by Chris Marisic

  In my project I register many ISerializers implementations with the assembly scanner. FWIW this is the code that registers my ISerializers Scan(scanner => { scanner.AssemblyContainingType<ISerializer>(); scanner.AddAllTypesOf<ISerializer>().NameBy(type => type.Name); scanner.WithDefaultConventions(); }); Which then correctly registers ISerializer (...ISerializer) Scoped as: Transient JsonSerializer Configured Instance of ...JsonSerializer BsonSerializer Configured Instance of ...BsonSerializer And so forth. Currently the only way I've been able to figure out how to resolve the serializer I want is to hardcode a service location call with jsonSerializer = ObjectFactory.GetNamedInstance<ISerializer>("JsonSerializer"); Now I know in my class that I specifically want the jsonSerializer so is there a way to configure a rule or similar that says for ISerializer's to connect the named instance based on the property name? So that I could have MySomeClass(ISerializer jsonSerializer, ....) And StructureMap correctly resolve this scenario? Or am I approaching this wrong and perhaps I should just register the concrete type that implements ISerializer and then just specifically use MySomeClass(JsonSerializer jsonSerializer, ....) for something along these lines with the concrete class?

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• Instance management with Dependency injection (DI)

  - by Sven

  Hello I'm trying to understand how DI exactly works. I'm currently using Windsor as DI container. I use this to load my services dynamically in code without direct reference. But I have change behaviour and want to know a bit more on the instance mgmt using DI. I have a web app projct, here is a WCF service using PerCall as instancemode. This means, new instance/call. In this WCF I call a service (loaded via DI) and this service calls another service (again loaded via DI). The WCF is a new instance in the appdomain, but what about the services. They are also new instances? Is this DI container shared among all WCF instances and are the services in this container also single instances? Can anyone clarify?

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• ruby on rails params injection

  - by Julien P.

  Hello everyone, I have a question about ruby on rails and the process of assigning variables using the params variable passed through a form class User attr_accessible :available_to_admins, :name end Let's say that I have a field that is only available to my admins. Assuming that you are not an admin, I am going to not display the available_to_admins input in your form. After that, when I want to save your data I'll just do a: User.update_attributes(params[:user]) If you are an admin, then no problem, the params[:user] is going to contain name and available_tu_admins and if you're not then only your name. Since the available_to_admins is an attr_accessible parameter, how should I prevent non admin users from being able to inject a variable containing the available_to_admins input with their new value?

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• Dependency Injection Question - ASP.NET

  - by Paul

  I'm starting a web application that contains the following projects: Booking.Web Booking.Services Booking.DataObjects Booking.Data I'm using the repository pattern in my data project only. All services will be the same, no matter what happens. However, if a customer wants to use Access, it will use a different data repository than if the customer wants to use SQL Server. I have StructureMap, and want to be able to do the following: Web project is unaffected. It's a web forms application that will only know about the services project and the dataobjects project. When a service is called, it will use StructureMap (by looking up the bootstrapper.cs file) to see which data repository to use. An example of a services class is the error logging class: public class ErrorLog : IErrorLog { ILogging logger; public ErrorLog() { } public ErrorLog(ILogging logger) { this.logger = logger; } public void AddToLog(string errorMessage) { try { AddToDatabaseLog(errorMessage); } catch (Exception ex) { AddToFileLog(ex.Message); } finally { AddToFileLog(errorMessage); } } private void AddToDatabaseLog(string errorMessage) { ErrorObject error = new ErrorObject { ErrorDateTime = DateTime.Now, ErrorMessage = errorMessage }; logger.Insert(error); } private void AddToFileLog(string errorMessage) { // TODO: Take this value from the web.config instead of hard coding it TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(@"E:\Work\Booking\Booking\Booking.Web\Logs\ErrorLog.txt", true); writer.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString() + " ---------- " + errorMessage); writer.Close(); } } I want to be able to call this service from my web project, without defining which repository to use for the data access. My boostrapper.cs file in the services project is defined as: public class Bootstrapper { public static void ConfigureStructureMap() { ObjectFactory.Initialize(x => { x.AddRegistry(new ServiceRegistry()); } ); } public class ServiceRegistry : Registry { protected override void configure() { ForRequestedType<IErrorLog>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<Booking.Services.Logging.ErrorLog>(); ForRequestedType<ILogging>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<SqlServerLoggingProvider>(); } } } What else do I need to get this to work? When I defined a test, the ILogger object was null. Thanks,

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• Website Link Injection

  - by Ryan B

  I have a website that is fairly static. It has some forms on it to send in contact information, mailing list submissions, etc. Perhaps hours/days after an upload to the site I found that the main index page had new code in it that I had not placed there that contained a hidden bunch of links in a invisible div. I have the following code the handles the variables sent in from the form. <?php // PHP Mail Order to [email protected] w/ some error detection. $jamemail = "[email protected]"; function check_input($data, $problem='') { $data = trim($data); $data = stripslashes($data); $data = htmlspecialchars($data); if ($problem && strlen($data) == 0) { die($problem); } return $data; } $email = check_input($_POST['email'], "Please input email address."); $name = check_input($_POST['name'], "Please input name."); mail($jamemail, "Mailing List Submission", "Name: " . $name . " Email: " .$email); header('Location: index.php'); ?> I have the following code within the index page to present the form with some Javascript to do error detection on the content of the submission prior to submission. <form action="sendlist.php" method="post" onSubmit="return checkmaill(this);"> <label for="name"><strong>Name: </strong></label> <input type="text" name="name"/><br /> <label for="email"><strong>Email: </strong></label> <input type="text" name="email"/><br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" style="width: 100px;"/> </form> At the end of the day, the source code where the injected hyperlinks is as follows: </body> </html><!-- google --><font style="position: absolute;overflow: hidden;height: 0;width: 0"> xeex172901 <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/onondaga.php>onondaga</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/tami.php>tami</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/shotguns.php>shotguns</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/weir.php>weir</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/copperhead.php>copperhead</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/mpv.php>mpv</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/brunei.php>brunei</a> <a href=http://menorca.caeb.com/od9c2/xjdmy/doreen.php>doreen</a>

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• Is testability alone justification for dependency injection?

  - by fearofawhackplanet

  The advantages of DI, as far as I am aware, are: Reduced Dependencies More Reusable Code More Testable Code More Readable Code Say I have a repository, OrderRepository, which acts as a repository for an Order object generated through a Linq to Sql dbml. I can't make my orders repository generic as it performs mapping between the Linq Order entity and my own Order POCO domain class. Since the OrderRepository by necessity is dependent on a specific Linq to Sql DataContext, parameter passing of the DataContext can't really be said to make the code reuseable or reduce dependencies in any meaningful way. It also makes the code harder to read, as to instantiate the repository I now need to write new OrdersRepository(new MyLinqDataContext()) which additionally is contrary to the main purpose of the repository, that being to abstract/hide the existence of the DataContext from consuming code. So in general I think this would be a pretty horrible design, but it would give the benefit of facilitating unit testing. Is this enough justification? Or is there a third way? I'd be very interested in hearing opinions.

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• Lazy resolution of dependency injection

  - by Balaji

  I have .net classes I am using unity as IOC for resolving our dependencies. It tries to load all the dependencies at the beginning. Is there a way (setting) in Unity which allows to load a dependency at runtime?

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• Dependency injection: Scoping by region (Guice, Spring, Whatever)

  - by Itay

  Here's a simplified version of my needs. I have a program where every B object has its own C and D object, injected through Guice. In addition an A object is injected into every C and D objects. What I want: that for each B object, its C and D objects will be injected with the same A object. Specifically, I want the output of the program (below) to be: Created C0 with [A0] Created D0 with [A0] Created B0 with [C0, D0] Created C1 with [A1] Created D1 with [A1] Created B1 with [C1, D1] Where it currently produces the following output: Created C0 with [A0] Created D0 with [A1] <-- Should be A0 Created B0 with [C0, D0] Created C1 with [A2] <-- Should be A1 Created D1 with [A3] <-- Should be A1 Created B1 with [C1, D1] I am expecting DI containers to allow this kind of customization but so far I had no luck in finding a solution. Below is my Guice-based code, but a Spring-based (or other DI containers-based) solution is welcome. import java.util.Arrays; import com.google.inject.*; public class Main { public static class Super { private static Map<Class<?>,Integer> map = new HashMap<Class<?>,Integer>(); private Integer value; public Super(Object... args) { value = map.get(getClass()); value = value == null ? 0 : ++value; map.put(getClass(), value); if(args.length > 0) System.out.println("Created " + this + " with " + Arrays.toString(args)); } @Override public final String toString() { return "" + getClass().getSimpleName().charAt(0) + value; } } public interface A { } public static class AImpl extends Super implements A { } public interface B { } public static class BImpl extends Super implements B { @Inject public BImpl(C c, D d) { super(c,d); } } public interface C { } public static class CImpl extends Super implements C { @Inject public CImpl(A a) { super(a); } } public interface D { } public static class DImpl extends Super implements D { @Inject public DImpl(A a) { super(a); } } public static class MyModule extends AbstractModule { @Override protected void configure() { bind(A.class).to(AImpl.class); bind(B.class).to(BImpl.class); bind(C.class).to(CImpl.class); bind(D.class).to(DImpl.class); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Injector inj = Guice.createInjector(new MyModule()); inj.getInstance(B.class); inj.getInstance(B.class); } }

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• Python Dependency Injection Framework

  - by Mark Roddy

  Is there a framework equivalent to Guice (http://code.google.com/p/google-guice) for Python?

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