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  • Using dynamic enum as type in a parameter of a method

    - by samar
    Hi Experts, What i am trying to achieve here is a bit tricky. Let me brief on a little background first before going ahead. I am aware that we can use a enum as a type to a parameter of a method. For example I can do something like this (a very basic example) namespace Test { class DefineEnums { public enum MyEnum { value1 = 0, value2 = 1 } } class UseEnums { public void UseDefinedEnums(DefineEnums.MyEnum _enum) { //Any code here. } public void Test() { // "value1" comes here with the intellisense. UseDefinedEnums(DefineEnums.MyEnum.value1); } } } What i need to do is create a dynamic Enum and use that as type in place of DefineEnums.MyEnum mentioned above. I tried the following. 1. Used a method which i got from the net to create a dynamic enum from a list of strings. And created a static class which i can use. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Reflection; using System.Reflection.Emit; namespace Test { public static class DynamicEnum { public static Enum finished; static List<string> _lst = new List<string>(); static DynamicEnum() { _lst.Add("value1"); _lst.Add("value2"); finished = CreateDynamicEnum(_lst); } public static Enum CreateDynamicEnum(List<string> _list) { // Get the current application domain for the current thread. AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain; // Create a dynamic assembly in the current application domain, // and allow it to be executed and saved to disk. AssemblyName aName = new AssemblyName("TempAssembly"); AssemblyBuilder ab = currentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly( aName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); // Define a dynamic module in "TempAssembly" assembly. For a single- // module assembly, the module has the same name as the assembly. ModuleBuilder mb = ab.DefineDynamicModule(aName.Name, aName.Name + ".dll"); // Define a public enumeration with the name "Elevation" and an // underlying type of Integer. EnumBuilder eb = mb.DefineEnum("Elevation", TypeAttributes.Public, typeof(int)); // Define two members, "High" and "Low". //eb.DefineLiteral("Low", 0); //eb.DefineLiteral("High", 1); int i = 0; foreach (string item in _list) { eb.DefineLiteral(item, i); i++; } // Create the type and save the assembly. return (Enum)Activator.CreateInstance(eb.CreateType()); //ab.Save(aName.Name + ".dll"); } } } Tried using the class but i am unable to find the "finished" enum defined above. i.e. I am not able to do the following public static void TestDynEnum(Test.DynamicEnum.finished _finished) { // Do anything here with _finished. } I guess the post has become too long but i hope i have made it quite clear. Please help! Thanks in advance! Regards, Samar

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  • Autoconf (newbie) -- building with static library

    - by EB
    I am trying to migrate from manual build to autoconf, which is working very nicely so far. But I have one static library that I can't figure out how to integrate. That library will NOT be located in the usual library locations - the location of the binary (.a file) and header (.h file) will be given as a configure argument. (Notably, even if I move the .a file to /usr/lib or anywhere else I can think of, it still won't work.) Manual compilation is working with these: gcc ... -I/path/to/header/file/directory /full/path/to/the/.a/file/itself (Uh, I actually don't understand why the .a file is referenced directly, not with -L or anything. Yes, I have a half-baked understanding of building C programs.) I can use the configure argument to successfully find the header (.h file) using AC_CHECK_HEADER. Inside the AC_CHECK_HEADER I then add the location to CPFLAGS and the #include of the header file in the actual C code picks it up nicely. Given a configure argument that has been put into $location and the name of the needed files are myprog.h and myprog.a (which are both in the same directory), here is what works so far: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/myprog.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_MYPROG_H], [1], [found myprog.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"]) Where I run into difficulties is getting the binary (.a file) linked in. No matter what I try, I always get an error about undefined references to the function calls for that library. I'm pretty sure it's a linkage issue, because I can fuss with the C code and make an intentional error in the function calls to that library which produces earlier errors that indicate that the function prototypes have been loaded and used to compile. I tried adding the location that contains the .a file to LDFLAGS and then doing a AC_CHECK_LIB but it is not found. Maybe my syntax is wrong, or maybe I'm missing something more fundamental, which would not be surprising since I'm a newbie and don't really know what I'm doing. Here is what I have tried: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/myprog.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_MYPROG_H], [1], [found myprog.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location"; AC_CHECK_LIB(myprog)]) No dice. AC_CHECK_LIB is looking for -lmyprog I guess (or libmyprog?) so I'm not sure if that's a problem, so I tried this, too (omit AC_CHECK_LIB and include the .a directly in LDFLAGS), without luck: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/myprog.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_MYPROG_H], [1], [found myprog.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location/myprog.a"]) To emulate the manual compilation, I tried removing the -L but that doesn't help: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/myprog.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_MYPROG_H], [1], [found myprog.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $location/myprog.a"]) I tried other combinations and permutations, but I think I might be missing something more fundamental....

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  • CFLAGS vs CPPFLAGS

    - by EB
    I understand that CFLAGS (or CXXFLAGS for C++) are for the compiler, whereas CPPFLAGS is used by the preprocessor. But I still don't understand the difference. I need to specify an include path for a header file that is included with #include -- because #include is a preprocessor directive, is the preprocessor (CPPFLAGS) the only thing I care about? Under what circumstances do I need to give the compiler an extra include path? In general, if the preprocessor finds and includes needed header files, why does it ever need to be told about extra include directories? What use is CFLAGS at all? (In my case, I actually found that BOTH of these allow me to compile my program, which adds to the confusion... I can use CFLAGS OR CPPFLAGS to accomplish my goal (in autoconf context at least). What gives?)

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  • Autoconf -- including a static library (newbie)

    - by EB
    I am trying to migrate my application from manual build to autoconf, which is working very nicely so far. But I have one static library that I can't figure out how to integrate. That library will NOT be located in the usual library locations - the location of the binary (.a file) and header (.h file) will be given as a configure argument. (Notably, even if I move the .a file to /usr/lib or anywhere else I can think of, it still won't work.) It is also not named traditionally (it does not start with "lib" or "l"). Manual compilation is working with these (directory is not predictable - this is just an example): gcc ... -I/home/john/mystuff /home/john/mystuff/helper.a (Uh, I actually don't understand why the .a file is referenced directly, not with -L or anything. Yes, I have a half-baked understanding of building C programs.) So, in my configure.ac, I can use the relevant configure argument to successfully find the header (.h file) using AC_CHECK_HEADER. Inside the AC_CHECK_HEADER I then add the location to CPFLAGS and the #include of the header file in the actual C code picks it up nicely. Given a configure argument that has been put into $location and the name of the needed files are helper.h and helper.a (which are both in the same directory), here is what works so far: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"]) Where I run into difficulties is getting the binary (.a file) linked in. No matter what I try, I always get an error about undefined references to the function calls for that library. I'm pretty sure it's a linkage issue, because I can fuss with the C code and make an intentional error in the function calls to that library which produces earlier errors that indicate that the function prototypes have been loaded and used to compile. I tried adding the location that contains the .a file to LDFLAGS and then doing a AC_CHECK_LIB but it is not found. Maybe my syntax is wrong, or maybe I'm missing something more fundamental, which would not be surprising since I'm a newbie and don't really know what I'm doing. Here is what I have tried: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location"; AC_CHECK_LIB(helper)]) No dice. AC_CHECK_LIB is looking for -lhelper I guess (or libhelper?) so I'm not sure if that's a problem, so I tried this, too (omit AC_CHECK_LIB and include the .a directly in LDFLAGS), without luck: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location/helper.a"]) To emulate the manual compilation, I tried removing the -L but that doesn't help: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $location/helper.a"]) I tried other combinations and permutations, but I think I might be missing something more fundamental....

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  • How to do simple math in datagridview

    - by EB
    I am new to C#. I have a datagridview with 9 columns. I am simply trying take the value in column 5 and subtract it from column 6. Then display the result in column 9. It seems simple enough.I know it's done in excel all the time. But I just cannot figure this out. Do I need to create a new class with a method called calculate columns? or does the datagridview class have something already built in that can handle this? Again, I am new to C#. Any help would be appreciated. Thank you, Oceantrain.

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  • Autoconf -- building with static library (newbie)

    - by EB
    I am trying to migrate my application from manual build to autoconf, which is working very nicely so far. But I have one static library that I can't figure out how to integrate. That library will NOT be located in the usual library locations - the location of the binary (.a file) and header (.h file) will be given as a configure argument. (Notably, even if I move the .a file to /usr/lib or anywhere else I can think of, it still won't work.) It is also not named traditionally (it does not start with "lib" or "l"). Manual compilation is working with these (directory is not predictable - this is just an example): gcc ... -I/home/john/mystuff /home/john/mystuff/helper.a (Uh, I actually don't understand why the .a file is referenced directly, not with -L or anything. Yes, I have a half-baked understanding of building C programs.) So, in my configure.ac, I can use the relevant configure argument to successfully find the header (.h file) using AC_CHECK_HEADER. Inside the AC_CHECK_HEADER I then add the location to CPFLAGS and the #include of the header file in the actual C code picks it up nicely. Given a configure argument that has been put into $location and the name of the needed files are helper.h and helper.a (which are both in the same directory), here is what works so far: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"]) Where I run into difficulties is getting the binary (.a file) linked in. No matter what I try, I always get an error about undefined references to the function calls for that library. I'm pretty sure it's a linkage issue, because I can fuss with the C code and make an intentional error in the function calls to that library which produces earlier errors that indicate that the function prototypes have been loaded and used to compile. I tried adding the location that contains the .a file to LDFLAGS and then doing a AC_CHECK_LIB but it is not found. Maybe my syntax is wrong, or maybe I'm missing something more fundamental, which would not be surprising since I'm a newbie and don't really know what I'm doing. Here is what I have tried: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location"; AC_CHECK_LIB(helper)]) No dice. AC_CHECK_LIB is looking for -lhelper I guess (or libhelper?) so I'm not sure if that's a problem, so I tried this, too (omit AC_CHECK_LIB and include the .a directly in LDFLAGS), without luck: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS -L$location/helper.a"]) To emulate the manual compilation, I tried removing the -L but that doesn't help: AC_CHECK_HEADER([$location/helper.h], [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_HELPER_H], [1], [found helper.h]) CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I$location"; LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $location/helper.a"]) I tried other combinations and permutations, but I think I might be missing something more fundamental....

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  • basename() returning int?

    - by EB
    Probably something stupid I'm missing but, why am I getting this warning? static void foo(char *path) { char *bname; char *path2 = strdup(path); bname = basename(path2); (line with basename() call): warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast Indeed, if I change to this, the warning goes away: bname = (char *)basename(path2); man 3 basename tells me: char *basename(char *path); Both dirname() and basename() return pointers to null-terminated strings. What gives?

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  • Intermittent asp.net mvc exception: “A public action method ABC could not be found on controller XYZ

    - by Chris Schoon
    Hi, I'm getting an intermittent exception saying that asp.net mvc can’t find the action method. Here’s the exception: A public action method 'Fill' could not be found on controller 'Schoon.Form.Web.Controllers.ChrisController'. I think I have the routing set up correctly because this application works most of the time. Here is the controller’s action method. [ActionName("Fill")] [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Get | HttpVerbs.Post), UserIdFilter, DTOFilter] public ActionResult Fill(int userId, int subscriberId, DisplayMode? mode) { //… } The route: routes.MapRoute( "SchoonForm", "Form/Fill/{subscriberId}", new { controller = "ChrisController", action = "Fill" }, new { subscriberId = @"\d+" } ); And here is the stack: System.Web.HttpException: A public action method 'Fill' could not be found on controller 'Schoon.Form.Web.Controllers.ChrisController'. at System.Web.Mvc.Controller.HandleUnknownAction(String actionName) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\Controller.cs:line 197 at System.Web.Mvc.Controller.ExecuteCore() in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\Controller.cs:line 164 at System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\ControllerBase.cs:line 76 at System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.System.Web.Mvc.IController.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\ControllerBase.cs:line 87 at System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContextBase httpContext) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\MvcHandler.cs:line 80 at System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\MvcHandler.cs:line 68 at System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext httpContext) in C:\dev\ThirdParty\MvcDev\src\SystemWebMvc\Mvc\MvcHandler.cs:line 104 at System.Web.HttpApplication.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() at System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) Here is an example of my filters they all work the same way: public class UserIdFilter : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { const string Key = "userId"; if (filterContext.ActionParameters.ContainsKey(Key)) { filterContext.ActionParameters[Key] = // get the user id from session or cookie } base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); } } Thanks, Chris

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  • Nose2 multiprocess error on Windows7

    - by tt293
    I was looking into nose2 as a way to get around the restrictions of having both xunit output and multiprocessing in nose1.3. However, when always-on is set to False in the [multiprocess] section, I can only get a single process running, while when running with always-on set to True, I get the following error: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Ran 0 tests in 0.043s OK Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\Scripts\nose2-script.py", line 8, in <module> load_entry_point('nose2==0.4.7', 'console_scripts', 'nose2')() File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\nose2-0.4.7-py2. 7.egg\nose2\main.py", line 284, in discover return main(*args, **kwargs) File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\nose2-0.4.7-py2. 7.egg\nose2\main.py", line 98, in __init__ super(PluggableTestProgram, self).__init__(**kw) File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\unittest2-0.5.1- py2.7.egg\unittest2\main.py", line 98, in __init__ self.runTests() File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\nose2-0.4.7-py2. 7.egg\nose2\main.py", line 260, in runTests self.result = runner.run(self.test) File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\nose2-0.4.7-py2. 7.egg\nose2\runner.py", line 53, in run executor(test, result) File "C:\dev\testing\Tests\PythonTests\venv\lib\site-packages\nose2-0.4.7-py2. 7.egg\nose2\plugins\mp.py", line 60, in _runmp ready, _, _ = select.select(rdrs, [], [], self.testRunTimeout) select.error: (10038, 'An operation was attempted on something that is not a soc ket') This is running python 2.7.5 (32bit) on Windows 7 in a virtualenv with six-1.1.0, unittest2-0.5.1 and nose2-0.4.7 (I get the same behavior outside of the venv, so I don't think that is the issue here).

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  • How to check volume is mounted or not using python with a dynamic volume name

    - by SR query
    import subprocess def volumeCheck(volume_name): """This function will check volume name is mounted or not. """ volume_name = raw_input('Enter volume name:') volumeCheck(volume_name) print 'volume_name=',volume_name p = subprocess.Popen(['df', '-h'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) p1, err = p.communicate() pattern = p1 if pattern.find(volume_name): print 'volume found' else: print 'volume not found' While running i always got wrong result "volume found". root@sr-query:/# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 938M 473M 418M 54% / /dev/md0 938M 473M 418M 54% / none 250M 4.9M 245M 2% /dev /dev/md2 9.7M 1.2M 8.0M 13% /usr/config /dev/md7 961M 18M 895M 2% /downloads tmpfs 250M 7.9M 242M 4% /var/volatile tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /media/ram **/dev/mapper/vg9-lv9 1016M 65M 901M 7% /VolumeData/sp /dev/mapper/vg10-lv10 1016M 65M 901M 7% /VolumeData/cp** root@sr-query:/# root@sr-query:/# root@sr-query:/# python volume_check.py Enter volume name:raid_10volume volume_name= raid_10volume **volume found** root@sr-query:/# I enterd raid_10volume its not listed here please check the df -h command out put(only 2 volume there sp and cp) , then how it reached else part. what is wrong in my code? Thanks in advance. is there any other way to do this work ! ?

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  • Bad disk performance on HP DL360 with Smarty Array P400i RAID controller

    - by sarge
    I have a HP DL360 server with 4x 146GB SAS disks and a Smart Array P400i RAID controller with 256MB cache. The disks are in RAID 5 (3 disks + 1 hot spare). The server is running VMware ESX 3i. The disk write performance is really bad. Here are some numbers: ns1:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 3364 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1685.69 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 18 MB in 3.79 seconds = 4.75 MB/sec ns1:~# time sh -c "dd if=/dev/zero of=ddfile bs=8k count=125000 && sync" 125000+0 records in 125000+0 records out 1024000000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 282.307 s, 3.6 MB/s real 4m52.003s user 0m2.160s sys 3m10.796s Compared to another server those number are terrible: Dell R200, 2x 500GB SATA disks, PERC raid controller (disks are mirrored). web4:~# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 6584 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3297.79 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 316 MB in 3.02 seconds = 104.79 MB/sec web4:~# time sh -c "dd if=/dev/zero of=ddfile bs=8k count=125000 && sync" 125000+0 records in 125000+0 records out 1024000000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 35.2919 s, 29.0 MB/s real 0m36.570s user 0m0.476s sys 0m32.298s The server isn't very loaded and the VMware Infrastructure Client performance monitor is showing 550KBps average read and 1208KBps average write for the last 30 minutes (highest write rate: 6.6MBps). This has been a problem from the start. Any ideas?

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  • Remove Kernel Lock from Unmounted Mass Storage USB Device from the Command Line in Linux

    - by Casey
    I've searched high and low, and can't figure this one out. I have a older Olympus Camera (2001 or so). When I plug in the USB connection, I get the following log output: $ dmesg | grep sd [20047.625076] sd 21:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0 [20047.627922] sd 21:0:0:0: [sdg] Attached SCSI removable disk Secondly, the drive is not mounted in the FS, but when I run gphoto2 I get the following error: $ gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') *** What command will unmount the drive. For example in Nautilus, I can right click and select "Safely Remove Device". After doing that, the /dev/sg7 and /dev/sdg devices are removed. The output of gphoto2 is then: # gphoto2 --list-config /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/resolution /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/shutter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/aperture /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/color /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/flash /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/whitebalance /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-mode /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-pos /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp-meter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/zoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/dzoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/iso /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/date-time /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-mode /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-brightness /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-auto-shutoff /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/camera-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/host-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/timefmt Some things I've tried already are sdparm and sg3_utils, however I am unfamiliar with them, so it's possible I just didn't find the right command. Update 1: # mount | grep sdg # mount | grep sg7 # umount /dev/sg7 umount: /dev/sg7: not mounted # umount /dev/sdg umount: /dev/sdg: not mounted # gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') ***

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  • How to update-grub on a system running overlayroot?

    - by mikepurvis
    We ship boxes configured with overlayroot, using the following overlayroot.conf: overlayroot=device:dev=/dev/sda6,timeout=20,recurse=0 Which produces the following mount configuration: $ mount overlayroot on / type overlayfs (rw,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sda5 on /media/root-ro type ext3 (ro,relatime,errors=continue,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered) /dev/sda6 on /media/root-rw type ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=continue,user_xattr,acl,barrier=1,data=ordered) /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw) As you can see, three key physical partitions: sda1 is /boot, sda5 is a read-only "factory" root, and sda6 is a "user" root which can be wiped at any point to restore the machine to its original factory state. Now, the problem arises when update-grub is run for any reason: $ sudo update-grub [sudo] password for administrator: /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a device for / (is /dev mounted?). Understandable, since / is an overlayfs. The contents of /usr/sbin/update-grub are: #!/bin/sh set -e exec grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg "$@" With /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig being the business part of things. But the actual problem is in /usr/sbin/grub-probe, called by grub-mkconfig, and grub-probe is a binary. So my question is, is there a parameter or whatever which can make grub-probe do the right thing in the face of / being an overlayfs? And secondly, is there a way to hack/patch that in so that the update-grub script just does the right thing? Thanks.

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  • Remove Kernel Lock from Unmounted Mass Storage USB Device from the Command Line in Linux

    - by Casey
    I've searched high and low, and can't figure this one out. I have a older Olympus Camera (2001 or so). When I plug in the USB connection, I get the following log output: $ dmesg | grep sd [20047.625076] sd 21:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0 [20047.627922] sd 21:0:0:0: [sdg] Attached SCSI removable disk Secondly, the drive is not mounted in the FS, but when I run gphoto2 I get the following error: $ gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') *** What command will unmount the drive. For example in Nautilus, I can right click and select "Safely Remove Device". After doing that, the /dev/sg7 and /dev/sdg devices are removed. The output of gphoto2 is then: # gphoto2 --list-config /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/resolution /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/shutter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/aperture /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/color /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/flash /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/whitebalance /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-mode /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-pos /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp-meter /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/zoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/dzoom /Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/iso /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/date-time /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-mode /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-brightness /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-auto-shutoff /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/camera-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/host-power-save /Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/timefmt Some things I've tried already are sdparm and sg3_utils, however I am unfamiliar with them, so it's possible I just didn't find the right command. Update 1: # mount | grep sdg # mount | grep sg7 # umount /dev/sg7 umount: /dev/sg7: not mounted # umount /dev/sdg umount: /dev/sdg: not mounted # gphoto2 --list-config *** Error *** An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use. *** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') ***

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  • HP Storageworks 448 tape drive input/output error with Ubuntu

    - by Dan D
    I'm trying to set a backup to tape of a machine using flexbackup. However any attempt to write to the tape drive (via either flexbackup or just tar) results in "/dev/st0: Input/output error" The machine seems to recognise the drive (HP Storageworks Ultrium 448) and that there's a tape in it and "mt status" seems to work... "mt -f /dev/st0 rewind" or "erase" throw no errors... root@stor001:/# mt status SCSI 2 tape drive: File number=0, block number=0, partition=0. Tape block size 0 bytes. Density code 0x42 (LTO-2). Soft error count since last status=0 General status bits on (41010000): BOT ONLINE IM_REP_EN root@stor001:/# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: HL-DT-ST Model: DVDRAM GSA-4084N Rev: KS02 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi2 Channel: 00 Id: 03 Lun: 00 Vendor: HP Model: Ultrium 2-SCSI Rev: S65D Type: Sequential-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 03 "tell" does however root@stor001:/# mt -f /dev/st0 tell /dev/st0: Input/output error Based on a forum post I found, I tried: root@stor001:/# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nst0 bs=1024 count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10240 bytes (10 kB) copied, 5.0815 s, 2.0 kB/s which gave the person on the forum an error but seems to work for me. If anyone has any suggestions, I'm all ears...

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  • Bash Script - Traffic Shaping

    - by Craig-Aaron
    hey all, I was wondering if you could have a look at my script and help me add a few things to it, How do I get it to find how many active ethernet ports I have? and how do I filter more than 1 ethernet port How I get this to do a range of IP address? Once I have a few ethenet ports I need to add traffic control to each one #!/bin/bash # Name of the traffic control command. TC=/sbin/tc # The network interface we're planning on limiting bandwidth. IF=eth0 # Network card interface # Download limit (in mega bits) DNLD=10mbit # DOWNLOAD Limit # Upload limit (in mega bits) UPLD=1mbit # UPLOAD Limit # IP address range of the machine we are controlling IP=192.168.0.1 # Host IP # Filter options for limiting the intended interface. U32="$TC filter add dev $IF protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 1 u32" start() { # Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) to shape bandwidth $TC qdisc add dev $IF root handle 1: htb default 30 #Creates the root schedlar $TC class add dev $IF parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate $DNLD #Creates a child schedlar to shape download $TC class add dev $IF parent 1: classid 1:2 htb rate $UPLD #Creates a child schedlar to shape upload $U32 match ip dst $IP/24 flowid 1:1 #Filter to match the interface, limit download speed $U32 match ip src $IP/24 flowid 1:2 #Filter to match the interface, limit upload speed } stop() { # Stop the bandwidth shaping. $TC qdisc del dev $IF root } restart() { # Self-explanatory. stop sleep 1 start } show() { # Display status of traffic control status. $TC -s qdisc ls dev $IF } case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting bandwidth shaping: " start echo "done" ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping bandwidth shaping: " stop echo "done" ;; restart) echo -n "Restarting bandwidth shaping: " restart echo "done" ;; show) echo "Bandwidth shaping status for $IF:" show echo "" ;; *) pwd=$(pwd) echo "Usage: tc.bash {start|stop|restart|show}" ;; esac exit 0 thanks

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  • Backing up VMs to a tape drive

    - by Aljoscha Vollmerhaus
    I've got myself one of these fancy tape drives, HP LTO2 with 200/400 GB cartridges. The st driver reports it like this: scsi 1:0:0:0: Sequential-Access HP Ultrium 2-SCSI T65D I can store and retrieve files like a charm using tar, both tar cf /dev/st0 somedirectory and tar xf /dev/st0 work flawless. However, what I really would like to backup are LVM LVs. They contain entire virtual machines with varying partition layouts, so using mount and tar is not an option. I've tried using something like dd if=/dev/VG/LV bs=64k of=/dev/st0 to achieve this, but there seem to be various problems associated with this approach. Firstly, I would like to be able to store more than 1 LV on a single tape. Now I guess I could seek to concatenate the data on the tape, but I think this would not work very well in an automated scenario with many different LVs of various sizes. Secondly, I would like to store a small XML file along with the raw data that contains some information about the VM contained in the LV. I could dump everything to a directory and tar it up - not very desirable, I would have to set aside huge amounts of scratch space. Is there an easier way to achieve this? Thirdly, from googling around it seems like it would be wise to use something like mbuffer when writing to the tape, to prevent what wikipedia calls "shoe-shining" the tape. However, I can't get anything useful done with mbuffer. The mbuffer man page suggests this for writing to a tape device: mbuffer -t -m 10M -p 80 -f -o $TAPE So I've tried this: dd if=/dev/VG/LV | mbuffer -t -m 10M -p 80 -f -d 64k -o /dev/st0 Note the added "-d 64k" to account for the 64k block size of the tape. However, reading data back from a tape written in this way never seems to yield any useful results - dd has been running for ages now, and managed to transfer only 361M of data from the tape. What's wrong here?

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  • Bash mine script, please

    - by HomelyPoet
    The script, in and of its self, is fairly self-explanatory. Use if You so desire; any and all criticism wouldst be appreciated, as wouldst any suggestions for improvement. First iteration was writ upon OS X 10.5.8 Leopard, current iteration was run upon OS X 10.6.4 Snow Leopard with Safari 5.0.2 (6533.18.5). Also, any illumination as to why the first line ' if [ -f ] ' works, but ' if [ -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage ] ' generates an error? [yes, I am a bit of a Noob] Code: #! /bin/bash # SafariClear0.0.6 if [ -f ] then cat /dev/null > ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage rm -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage fi if [ -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage ] then echo "Oy vey!" fi cd ~/Library/Safari/ cat /dev/null > WebpageIcons.db cat /dev/null > TopSites.plist cat /dev/null > LocationPermissions.plist cat /dev/null > LastSession.plist cat /dev/null > History.plist echo "Clear" exit

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  • How do I SSH tunnel using PuTTY or SecureCRT through gateway/proxy to development server?

    - by DAE51D
    We have some unix boxes setup in a way that to get to the development box via ssh, you have to ssh into a 'user@jumpoff' box first. There is no direct connection allowed on 'dev' via ssh from anywhere but 'jumpoff'. Furthermore, only key exchange is allowed on both servers. And you always login to the development box as 'build@dev'. It's painful to always do that hopping. I know this can be done with SOCKS or a Tunnel or something... I have setup a FreeBSD VM and I can get things to work awesome using unix ssh tools. Basically all I do is make sure my vm's ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub key is on both jumpoff and dev and use this ~/.ssh/config file: # Development Server Host ext-dev # this must be a resolvable name for "dev" from Jumpoff Hostname 1.2.3.4 User build IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa # The Jumpoff Server Host ext Hostname 1.1.1.1 User daevid Port 22 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa # This must come below all of the above Host ext-* ProxyCommand ssh ext nc $(echo '%h'|cut -d- -f2-) 22 Then I just simply type "ssh ext-dev" and I'm in like Flynn. The problem is I can't get this same thing to work using either PuTTY or SecureCRT -- and to be honest I've not found any tutorials that really walk me through it. I see many on setting up some kind of proxy tunnel for Firefox, but it doesn't seem to be the same concept. I've been messing with various trial and error most all day and nothing has worked (obviously) and I'm at the end of my ssh knowledge and Google searching. I found this link which seemed to be perfect, but it doesn't work for me. The "Master" connects fine, but the "client" portion doesn't connect. It tells me, the remote system refused the connection. http://www.vandyke.com/support/tips/socksproxy.html I've got the VM, PuTTY and SecureCRT all using the same public/private key pairs to make things consistent and easier to debug. Does anyone have a straight up example of how to do this in Windows?

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  • How do I apply multiple subnets to a server with one NIC?

    - by Cosban
    I am trying to route multiple IPs through one physical NIC on my dedicated server for use with Proxmox KVM VMs. I have a dedicated server which is currently running Debian 4.4.5-8 with 3 available ip addresses for use, which will be displayed as 176.xxx.xxx.196 (main), 176.xxx.xxx.198 (on same subnet as main) and 5.xxx.xxx.166 (different subnet). I am currently trying to route the third IP address with the dedi for use with a vps that I have set up using proxmox v2.x but am having a really, really hard time doing so. Virtual interfaces binding the additional IP addresses work as expected, ruling out external routing problems. The provider has given the following information for the IP addresses on the main subnet: gateway: 176.xxx.xxx.193 netmask: 255.255.255.224 broadcast: 176.xxx.xxx.223 As well as the following information for the IP address on the second subnet: gateway: 5.xxx.xxx.161 netmask: 255.255.255.248 broadcast: 5.xxx.xxx.167 Everything I've tried with /etc/network/interfaces has either not worked, or has rendered the network completely useless. This is the current state of the file, which has the secondary IP address working on the same subnet as well as IPv6 working, but not the second subnet. # Nativen IPv6 Schnittstelle iface eth0 inet6 manual # Bridge IPv4 Schnittstelle (176.xxx.xxx.193/27) auto vmbr0 iface vmbr0 inet static address 176.xxx.xxx.196 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 176.xxx.xxx.193 broadcast 176.xxx.xxx.223 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 bridge_maxwait 0 post-up ip addr add 176.xxx.xxx.198/27 dev vmbr0 auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet static address 5.xxx.xxx.166 netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 5.xxx.xxx.161 broadcast 5.xxx.xxx.167 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 bridge_maxwait 0 post-up ip addr add 5.xxx.xxx.166/27 dev vmbr1 # Bridge IPv6 Schnittstelle (Reichweite: xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx::/64) iface vmbr0 inet6 static address xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx netmask 64 up ip -6 route add xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 down ip -6 route del xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 up ip -6 route add default via xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 down ip -6 route del default via xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0

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  • Debian software raid 1: boot from both disk

    - by bsreekanth
    I newly installed debian squeeze with software raid.The way I did was, as also given in this thread. I have 2 HDD with 500 GB each. For each of them, I created 3 partitions (/boot, / and swap) I selected the hard drive and created a new partition table I created a new partition that was 1GB. I then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /boot and enabled bootable. Created another partition, which is of 480 GB, and then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /. Created another partion and used for swap Then RAID configuration: Through Configure RAID menu - create MD device - (2 for the number of drives, 0 for spare devices) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD0. I selected /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 (for /boot) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD1. I selected /dev/sda6 and /dev/sdb6 (for /) And no RAID for swap partitions 'Finish Partitioning and write changes to disk' -- Finish the rest of the install like normal Everything is ok now, except I am not sure how to test my raid config. When I pull the power of the HDD, it only boots from one disk. I read in some forum that I may have to install GRUB manually on the other. In Debian Squeeze, there is no grub command. Not sure how to make my software raid bootable from both disk. Also, please comment on my steps above. Anything unusual. I configured /boot partitions of both disks to be boot=yes. Not sure whether that is ok. Thanks, Bsr

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  • Force spin-down of external hard-drive on linux (raspberry pi)

    - by user258346
    I'm currently setting up a home-server using a Raspberry Pi with an external hard-disk connected via usb. However, my hard-drive will never spin down when being idle. I tried already the hints provided at raspberrypi.org ... without any success. 1.) sudo hdparm -S5 /dev/sda returns /dev/sda: setting standby to 5 (25 seconds) SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 04 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 44 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 2.) sudo hdparm -y /dev/sda returns /dev/sda: issuing standby command SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 04 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 44 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ...and 3.) sudo sdparm --flexible --command=stop /dev/sda returns /dev/sda: HDD 1234 ... without spin-down of the drive. I use the following hardware: Inateck FDU3C-2 dual Ports USB 3.0 HDD docking station Western Digital WD10EZRX Green 1TB Is it possible, that the sent spin-down-signals are somewhere overwritten/lost/ignored?

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  • sg_map & lsscsi showing old storage version

    - by PratapSingh
    I am using SUN storage and recently upgraded/refreshed my ISCSI LUN storage. We have replicated old storage to new storage and attached to our servers. I can see at SUN storage side that storage is attached to server and also from server when I run the below command it prints the following output : iscsiadm -m session tcp: [1] 10.1.1.10:3260,2 iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd The above storage is SUN STORAGE 7420 But when I run sg_map or lsscsi command it prints different version: lsscsi disk SUN Sun Storage 7410 1.0 /dev/sda disk SUN Sun Storage 7410 1.0 /dev/sdb disk SUN Sun Storage 7410 1.0 /dev/sdc disk SUN Sun Storage 7410 1.0 /dev/sdd Output of ls on "/dev/disk/by-path/" ls -1 /dev/disk/by-path/ ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-0 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-0-part1 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-18 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-18-part1 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-2 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-2-part1 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-4 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-4-part1 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-6 ip-10.1.1.10:3260-iscsi-iqn.86-03.com.sun:02:afsfsf58-c56a-6ba8-a944-addd258687cd-lun-6-part1 I have rebooted server twice but still I am getting the same output as given above.

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  • Why do I get a DegradedArray event with mdadm

    - by azera
    Hello Just so we're clear on what's happening: I bought 4 new sata 2 drives, with the intent of using them in a raid5 all drive are fully recognised by both my bios and my linux box (gentoo) I created a raid5 array, fiddled a bit with it to understand how it works, how to monitor ect At some point, this triggered a degradedarray event, even though the array is brand new. I tried to stopping the array and recreating a new array with the same drive but the new array starts degraded too. here is what I used to create it mdadm --create -l5 -n4 /dev/md/md0-r5 /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf here are the output from my /proc/mdstat and mdadm --detail --scan **mdstat** Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md127 : active raid5 sdf[4] sde[2] sdd[1] sdb[0] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 2.8% (41689732/1465138496) finish=890.3min speed=26645K/sec unused devices: <none> **detail** ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 spares=1 UUID=453e2833:81f22a74:64188b84:66721085 As such I have a couple questions: does a raid5 array always start in degraded mode at first ? why does sdf have the number 4 between bracket instead of 3, why does it see a spare disk and why is the 4th drive marked with _ instead of U ? (bad configuration ?) How can I recreate the array from scratch, do i have to format each drive on its own before recreating it ? Thanks for any help, I'm not sure about what I should do at the moment

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  • ubuntu - Best way of repartitioning a (running) production server

    - by egarcia
    I've got an (externally hosted) production server running Ubuntu LTS. It serves webpages (rails) and has an svn repository accesible through Apache, and a PostgreSQL db. I've got ssh access to the server and root privileges. Most of the "interesting" stuff is located in /var/ : svn repositories are inside /var/svn, web pages under /var/www, etc. Yesterday I was curious about how much disk space had it left, so I did the following: $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 950M 402M 500M 45% / varrun 990M 64K 990M 1% /var/run varlock 990M 0 990M 0% /var/lock udev 990M 76K 989M 1% /dev devshm 990M 0 990M 0% /dev/shm /dev/md5 4.7G 668M 4.1G 15% /usr /dev/md6 4.7G 1.4G 3.4G 29% /var /dev/md7 221G 28M 221G 1% /home none 990M 4.0K 990M 1% /tmp My 'var' partition, which holds most of the interesting part, is only 4.7G big. The /home/ partition, on the other hand, is 221G, but it is mostly unused. I should have checked the disk layout before starting installing stuff. Ideally I would need /var/ and /home/ to be "switched" - /home/ should be the one with 4.7G, and /var/ the one with 221G. Is there a way to solve this without having to reinstall the whole thing?

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