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  • Is this a File Header / Magic Number?

    - by Hammer Bro.
    I've got 120,000 files (way more, actually; this is just an arbitrary subset) of an unknown type. Linux file does not identify them (not that they're necessarily Linux files), nor do any other methods I've tried. There are only two hints about them that I currently have. One is that I suspect some compression is employed -- I have metadata that claims the file sizes are always some amount larger than what I observe. The other is that in 100,000 of these files, the first 16 bytes are always: ff ee ee dd 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 That really looks like a file header/magic number to me, but I just can't place it. Does anyone know what kind of files this would indicate? Alternatively, can anyone convince me that these suspiciously common bytes certainly do not indicate a specific file type? UPDATE I don't know the exact reverse-engineering details, but most of the files in our case are zips after the first 29(? or so) bytes are ignored. So in practice the problem is solved (we know how to process the files) but in theory the question is still unanswered -- I don't know which application routinely prepends about 29 bytes to its zips. [I'm not sure if I should leave the question open or not at this point.]

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  • Home server hard drive: 186k start-stop cycles in 325 days?

    - by j-g-faustus
    I set up a home server about a year ago, using Ubuntu server (10.04 LTS at the moment), four disks in RAID 5 for storage (WD Green 1.5 TB) and a laptop drive for the OS. Today the output of smartctl, a command line utility for checking the SMART attributes of a hard drive, tells me that the primary OS drive has had no less than 186,000 start-stop cycles in 325 days and may be nearing the end of its lifespan. The smartctl output is in "normalized values", in this case a number between 200 and 000, where 200 is "brand new" and 000 means "worn out". My disk gets 001. So I wonder what happened: 186k start/stop cycles in 7820 hours is about one start/stop per 2.5 minutes around the clock. This seems somewhat excessive for a computer that sees actual use once or twice per day. (The RAID disks are normal, averaging to one start/stop per day, as expected.) Does anyone have similar experiences, or pointers to what might be the issue here? Specifically I'd like to know Why the massive start/stop count? Do I have some sort of configuration issue? Could there be a background service that is causing trouble? Could having a laptop disk as the OS drive be part of the problem? Can anyone confirm or deny this? Here is the /etc/hdparm.conf configuration /dev/sda { apm = 127 spindown_time = 120 } and the most relevant parts of smartctl --attributes /dev/sda: smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 185875 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 090 090 000 Old_age Always - 7820 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 109 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 118 118 000 Old_age Always - 246833 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 107 098 000 Old_age Always - 36 As I generally prefer my drives to last more than a year, any advice is appreciated.

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  • Where in the stack is Software Restriction Policies implemented?

    - by Knox
    I am a big fan of Software Restriction Policies for Microsoft Windows and was recently updating our settings for this. I became curious as to where Microsoft implemented this technology in the stack. I can imagine a very naive implementation being in Windows Explorer where when you double click on an exe or other blocked file type, that Explorer would check against the policy. I call this naive because obviously this wouldn't protect against someone typing something in a CMD window. Or worse, Adobe Reader running an external application. On the other hand, I can imagine that software restriction policies could be implemented deep in the stack almost at the metal. In this case, the low level loader would load into memory the questionable file, but mark the memory in the memory manager as non-executable data. I'm pretty sure that Microsoft did not do the most naive implementation, because if I block Java using a path block, Internet Explorer will crash if it attempts to load Java. Which is what I want. But I'm not sure how deep in the stack it's implemented and any insight would be appreciated.

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  • Safe place to put an executable file on Windows 7 (and Windows XP)

    - by Ricket
    I'm working on a tweak to our logon script which will copy an executable file to the local hard drive and then, using the schtasks command, schedule a task to run that executable daily. It's a standalone executable file, and when run it creates a folder in the working directory (which would be the same directory as the executable in this case). In Windows XP, of course, it can be put anywhere - I'd probably just throw it in C:\SomeRandomFolder and let it be. But this logon script also runs on Windows 7 64-bit machines, and those are trickier with UAC and all that. The user is a local administrator but UAC is enabled, so I'm pretty sure that the executable would be blocked from copying to a location like C:\ or C:\Program Files (since those seem to be at least mildly protected by UAC). The scheduled task needs to run under the user's profile, so I can't just run it with SYSTEM and ignore the UAC boundaries; I need to find a path which the user can copy into. Where can I copy this standalone executable file, so that the copy operation succeeds without a UAC prompt on Windows 7, the path is either common to both WinXP and Win7 or uses environment variables, and the scheduled task running with user permissions is able to launch the executable?

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  • Viability of Apache (MPM Worker), FastCGI PHP 4/5.2/5.3, and MySQL 5

    - by Adrian
    My server will be hosting numerous PHP web applications ranging from Joomla, Drupal, and some legacy (read: PHP4) and other custom-built code inherited from clients. This will be a development machine used by a dozen or so web developers and issues like fluctuating loads or particularly high load expectations are not important. Now, my question: are there any concerns I should know about when using Apache w/ MPM Worker, PHP 4/PHP 5.2/PHP 5.3 (all via FastCGI), and MySQL 5 (with a query cache of 64MB)? I have not tested the various applications extensively and I have only recently learned how to install PHP and utilize it via FastCGI (rather than mod_php, which in this case seemed impossible (considering the multiple versions of PHP and the desire to use MPM Worker over MPM Prefork)). I have come to understand that there could be concerns regarding XCache and APC, namely non-thread-safety issues where data becomes corrupted and the capability to use MPM Worker becomes null and void. Is this a valid concern? I have been using my personal testing server (running Ubuntu Server Edition 10.04 in VirtualBox) which has 2GB of RAM available to it. Here is the configuration used (the actual server will likely use a configuration more tailored to suit it's purposes): Apache: Server version: Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Server built: Apr 13 2010 20:22:19 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:23 Server loaded: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Compiled using: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Architecture: 64-bit Server MPM: Worker threaded: yes (fixed thread count) forked: yes (variable process count) Worker: <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 400 MaxRequestsPerChild 2000 </IfModule> PHP ./configure (PHP 4.4.9, PHP 5.2.13, PHP 5.3.2): --enable-bcmath \ --enable-calendar \ --enable-exif \ --enable-ftp \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-soap \ --enable-sockets \ --enable-sqlite-utf8 \ --enable-wddx \ --enable-zip \ --enable-fastcgi \ --with-zlib \ --with-gettext \ Apache php-fastcgi-setup.conf FastCgiServer /var/www/cgi-bin/php-cgi-5.3.2 FastCgiServer /var/www/cgi-bin/php-cgi-5.2.13 FastCgiServer /var/www/cgi-bin/php-cgi-4.4.9 ScriptAlias /cgi-bin-php/ /var/www/cgi-bin/

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  • What is the fastest way to resize a large partition?

    - by Jook
    Due to a new HDD-Configuration I am currently handling larger backup/resize tasks with partitions between around 900MB, wich are 70-90% full. some background: First thing I've noticed was, that the Acronis-WesternDigital TrueImage was extremly slow while running it under Windows 7, even though on high priority. To create a normal backup for 650gb of data (900gb partition), it would have taken 3 days! The same task done with the boot-cd version of this acronis version took about 2 hours (SATA3 copy from one disk to another, both around 110MB/s). Now, after I have done all my backups, I've wanted to remove some obsolete partitions and resize the leftovers to full hdd size. Of course, usually this takes quite some time - in this case for this 900gb partition, to extend it to 931 (30gb+ from front, 1gb+ from end), it will take around 6 hours (using gparted)! Had I new that erlier, I would have just restored the image. But no - first it showed a reasonable time of 1:45h and 0 of 1 operations, but after finishing 1:45h it started again, only this time with 4h to go, still 0 of 1 operations, but now it was copying instead of moving. Question: However, why has it to be this slow to resize a partition? I am asking for a good explanaition. This has bugged me, since I started partitioning - why does it require to copy all the data around, can't it just stay in place?!

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  • Software mirroring (RAID1) versus "Fake Raid" for new Windows 7 install

    - by kquinn
    I've just ordered two new hard drives for my main desktop and a copy of Windows 7 Professional 64-bit. I'd like to do a clean install of Win7 onto the new drives (leaving my old XP Pro boot partition around for a while in case something goes disastrously wrong, etc.). I want to have them set up in mirrored (RAID-1) mode. My understanding is that Win7 Pro can do software mirroring, but can I set this up directly at install time? If so, how? Note that I'd like the disk to be split into three partitions (OS/Apps&Data/Bulk data), all of which should be mirrored. Would it be better (more reliable or faster) to use my motherboard's hardware RAID support? My motherboard is an older nVidia nForce 680i SLI, which is not the most stable of motherboards, and I'm not sure how trustworthy its RAID1 configuration might be (or if Win7 could even detect and install onto a hardware-mirrored volume). Also, the performance characteristics of RAID1 are rather different than RAID0 or RAID5, and I'm wondering if Win7's software mirroring might actually be faster than hardware RAID1 (for example, I'm more of a Unix admin when I have to wear the sysadmin hat, and I've had great success deploying ZFS; most hardware RAID1 implementations have to read both disks and compare results to look for data errors, but ZFS can read from only one disk in the mirror and just use the built-in checksum, meaning it can have up to 2x the number of reads in-flight, as long as there's no data corruption). Edit: Okay, my question about whether Windows 7 can do software mirroring has been answered, and it can. I'm still unsure whether Windows software RAID or my motherboard's hardware "fake RAID" function is a better choice, though. Remember, I'm only interested in mirroring -- not the more complicated striping or parity operations that generally show the poor performance of crappy motherboard RAID solutions.

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  • Subdomains and address bar

    - by Priednis
    I have a fairly noob question about how subdomains work. As I understand at first the DNS server specifies that a request for certain subdomain.domain.com has to go to the IP address of domain.com, and the webserver at domain.com further processes the request and displays the needed subdomain page. It is not entirely clear to me how (for example Apache) server does it. As I understand there can be entries in vhosts.conf file which specify folders that contain the subdomain data. Something like: <VirtualHost *> ServerName www.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/httpd/htdocs/ </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> ServerName subdomain.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/httpd/htdocs/subdomain/ </VirtualHost> and there also can be redirect entries in .htaccess files like rewritecond %{http_host} ^subdomain.domain.com [nc] rewriterule ^(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/subdomain/ [r=301,nc] however in this case the user gets directed to the directory which contains the subdomain data but the user gets "out" of the subdomain. I would like to know - how, when going to subdomain.domain.com the subdomain.domain.com, beginning of address remains visible in the address bar of the explorer? Can it be done by an alternate entry in .htaccess file? If a VirtualHost entry is specified in the vhosts.conf file, does it mean, that a new user account has to be specified for access to this directory?

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  • Linux Mounting Problem

    - by Sam
    I have an Iomega Network Attached Storage device on my Windows network. I am trying to use a clonezilla live USB flash drive to backup my netbook to my Iomega Network Attached Storage device. The clonezilla USB flash drive runs linux. I'm having trouble getting the Network Attached Storage unit to mount using the following command: mount -t cifs -o username="myUsername" //192.168.1.100/backup /home/partimg The response from linux is: [134.730738] CIFS VFS: cifs_mount failed w/return code = -6 retrying with upper case share name [134.788461] CIFS VFS: cifs_mount failed w/return code = -6 mount error(6): No such device or address Refer to the mount.cifs(8) manual page (e.g. man mount.cifs) I also tried adding the following to my username: username="myUsername,domain=workgroup" but that did not change the error. I am able to ping the network attached storage unit from linux on my netbook. I also booted from a Slax Live USB Flash Drive and Slax auto-mounted my network attached storage unit via Samba. Unfortunately, I don't believe that I can run clonezilla from inside the Slax installation. Does anyone have any insight about what is wrong with my mount statement? Or is there something peculiar about Iomega drives which makes this impossible?

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  • How to manage mounted partitions (fstab + mount points) from puppet

    - by Cristian Ciupitu
    I want to manage the mounted partitions from puppet which includes both modifying /etc/fstab and creating the directories used as mount points. The mount resource type updates fstab just fine, but using file for creating the mount points is bit tricky. For example, by default the owner of the directory is root and if the root (/) of the mounted partition has another owner, puppet will try to change it and I don't want this. I know that I can set the owner of that directory, but why should I care what's on the mounted partition? All I want to do is mount it. Is there a way to make puppet not to care about the permissions of the directory used as the mount point? This is what I'm using right now: define extra_mount_point( $device, $location = "/mnt", $fstype = "xfs", $owner = "root", $group = "root", $mode = 0755, $seltype = "public_content_t" $options = "ro,relatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec", ) { file { "${location}/${name}": ensure => directory, owner => "${owner}", group => "${group}", mode => $mode, seltype => "${seltype}", } mount { "${location}/${name}": atboot => true, ensure => mounted, device => "${device}", fstype => "${fstype}", options => "${options}", dump => 0, pass => 2, require => File["${location}/${name}"], } } extra_mount_point { "sda3": device => "/dev/sda3", fstype => "xfs", owner => "ciupicri", group => "ciupicri", $options = "relatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec", } In case it matters, I'm using puppet-0.25.4-1.fc13.noarch.rpm and puppet-server-0.25.4-1.fc13.noarch.rpm.

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  • Apache: rewrite port 80 and 443 - multiple SSL vhosts setup

    - by Benjamin Jung
    SETUP: multiple SSL domains are configured on a single IP, by using vhosts with different port numbers (on which Apache listens) Apache 2.2.8 on Windows 2003 (no comments on this pls) too many Windows XP users so SNI isn't an option yet There may be reasons why it's wrong to use this approach, but it works for now. vhosts setup: # secure domain 1 <VirtualHost IP:443> SSL stuff specifying certificate etc. ServerName domain1.org </VirtualHost> # secure domain 2 <VirtualHost IP:81> SSL stuff for domain2.org ServerName domain2.org </VirtualHost> GOAL: Some folders inside the domain2.org docroot need to be secure. I used a .htaccess file to rewrite the URL to https on port 81: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^81$ RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}:81%{REQUEST_URI} [R] Suppose I put the .htaccess in the folder 'secfolder'. When accessing http://domain2.org/secfolder this gets succesfully rewritten to https://domain2.org:81/secfolder. ISSUE: When accessing https://domain2.org/secfolder (without port 81), the certificate from the first vhost (domain1.org) is used and the browser complains that the site is insecure because the certificate is not valid for domain2.org. I thought that RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^81$ would also rewrite https://domain2.org to https://domain2.org:81, but it doesn't. It seems that the .htaccess file is not being used at all in this case. At this point I am not sure how to apply a RewriteRule to https://domain2.org. I tried creating an additional vhost for domain2 on port 443 before the one for domain1.org, but Apache seems to choke on that. I hope someone of you has an idea how to approach this. TIA.

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  • Haproxy not properly passing on X-Forwarded-For header

    - by JesseP
    I have backend web servers that receive requests by way of haproxy-nginx-fastcgi. The web app used to see multiple ip's coming through in the X-Forwarded-For header, chained together with commas (most original IP on the left). At some point in the recent past (just noticed, so not sure what caused it) something changed, and now I'm only seeing a single IP passed in the header to my web application. I've tried with haproxy 1.4.21 and 1.4.22 (recent upgrade) with the same behavior. Haproxy has the forwardfor header set: option forwardfor Nginx fastcgi_params config defines this header to be passed to the app: fastcgi_param HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR $http_x_forwarded_for; Anyone have any ideas on what might be going wrong here? EDIT: I just started logging the $http_x_forwarded_for variable in nginx logs, and nginx is only ever seeing a single IP, which shouldn't ever be the case, as we should always see our haproxy ip added in there, right? So, issue must either be in nginx handling of the variable coming in, or haproxy not building it properly. I'll keep digging... EDIT #2: I enabled request and response header logging in HAProxy, and it is not spitting anything out for X-Forwarded-For, which seems very odd: Oct 10 10:49:01 newark-lb1 haproxy[19989]: 66.87.95.74:47497 [10/Oct/2012:10:49:01.467] http service/newark2 0/0/0/16/40 301 574 - - ---- 4/4/3/0/0 0/0 {} {} "GET /2zi HTTP/1.1" O Here are the options i set for this in my frontend: mode http option httplog capture request header X-Forwarded-For len 25 capture response header X-Forwarded-For len 25 option httpclose option forwardfor EDIT #3: It really seems like haproxy is munging the header and just passing on a single one to the backend. This is fairly impacting to our production service, so if anyone has an ideas it would be greatly appreciated. I'm stumped... :(

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  • Recommendations for colocation in the US

    - by Emil
    Hello serverfault I work for a European media company and we are currently looking for colocation in the US. I know the European market quite well unfortunately that is not the case for the US. I'm hoping for you guys to help me out a bit with a few questions, it would be much appreciated! I am looking for a data center that can deliver a high level of availability (tier 3 or better). The installation will be fairly large so capacity is important. Good internet connectivity/carrier presence. However most important is good customer support, skilled dedicated and responsive technical staff, since we won't have tech staff close by. I'm looking for a small and fast moving company that target internet businesses rather than big old enterprise hosting. What locations should we go for given that we want to reach all of the US from a single site and still maintain decent latency? (do we need east and west coast?) Where are the main internet hubs and should you try and get as close as possible? Are there any good online resources I should look at? Where do the large scale internet/media services colocate? Lastly I would be very happy to get some actual recommendations for companies to talk to P.S I'm happy to return the favor if anyone has question regarding data centers and colocation in Europe.

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  • I am under DDoS. What can I do?

    - by Falcon Momot
    This is a Canonical Question about DoS and DDoS mitigation. I found a massive traffic spike on a website that I host today; I am getting thousands of connections a second and I see I'm using all 100Mbps of my available bandwidth. Nobody can access my site because all the requests time out, and I can't even log into the server because SSH times out too! This has happened a couple times before, and each time it's lasted a couple hours and gone away on its own. Occasionally, my website has another distinct but related problem: my server's load average (which is usually around .25) rockets up to 20 or more and nobody can access my site just the same as the other case. It also goes away after a few hours. Restarting my server doesn't help; what can I do to make my site accessible again, and what is happening? Relatedly, I found once that for a day or two, every time I started my service, it got a connection from a particular IP address and then crashed. As soon as I started it up again, this happened again and it crashed again. How is that similar, and what can I do about it?

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  • ssh over a tunnel in order to configure auto login

    - by Vihaan Verma
    I m trying to copy the id_rsa.pub key to the server. The server in my case also has a virutal machine called dev which runs on the host machine. I copied the id_rsa.pub key to the host for auto log in using this command. ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub vickey@host which worked fine and I can auto log in to host. I also wanted to auto log in to the dev machine. I know I can just copy the contents of authorized_keys from the host machine to the dev machine but I m looking for a command line of doing things. Creating a tunnel seemed like the solution ssh vickey@host -L 2000:dev:22 -N now when I tried ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub vickey@localhost -P 2000 the password that worked here was of my local machine , I expected it to ask me password of my dev machine. The above command adds the pub key to the local machine and not to the dev machine. However this commands asks me for the dev password and copies the files. scp -P 2000 vickey@localhost:/home/vickey/trash/vim . vickey@localhost's password: vim 100% 111 0.1KB/s 00:00 How do I do the same with ssh-copy-id ?

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  • Running multiple sites on a LAMP with secure isolation

    - by David C.
    Hi everybody, I have been administering a few LAMP servers with 2-5 sites on each of them. These are basically owned by the same user/client so there are no security issues except from attacks through vulnerable deamons or scripts. I am builing my own server and would like to start hosting multiple sites. My first concern is... ISOLATION. How can I avoid that a c99 script could deface all the virtual hosts? Also, should I prevent that c99 to be able to write/read the other sites' directories? (It is easy to "cat" a config.php from another site and then get into the mysql database) My server is a VPS with 512M burstable to 1G. Among the free hosting managers, is there any small one which works for my VPS? (which maybe is compatible with the security approach I would like to have) Currently I am not planning to host over 10 sites but I would not accept that a client/hacker could navigate into unwanted directories or, worse, run malicious scripts. FTP management would be fine. I don't want to complicate things with SSH isolation. What is the best practice in this case? Basically, what do hosting companies do to sleep well? :) Thanks very much! David

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  • Cannot click send button in Outlook (+ Exchange) for unknown addresses

    - by Graphain
    Hi, I have a very unusual problem. I have Outlook 2010 connected to Exchange 2010. This can send emails perfectly to known addresses (that is, addresses in the address book or ones that have been sent to previously). However, if I put in an address that is unknown, I cannot actually click the Send button in Outlook. (it simply does nothing). Corresponding to this I get errors in the Event Log for each Send click stating "The connection to Microsoft Exchange is unavailable. Outlook must be online or connected to complete this action.". However, Outlook shows as connected the whole time, pings do not break, and I have no reason to suspect it has lost connection. To further complicate matters, Outlook is fine on all other PCs, and this was all perfect until I installed BitDefender on the PC in question and the Exchange Server. Outlook was still fine on these other PCs while BitDefender was installed, but I have removed it from the PC in question and the Server just in case (no success). Summary: Outlook encounters Exchange connectivity issues when sending to unknown (new) email addresses that prevent the Send button actually working at all. This is isolated to one machine and occurred after installation of AV/Firewall software which has since been thoroughly removed. If you have any potential solutions I'd love to hear them, as I will be resorting to reformatting the PC in question, and probably removing Exchange because I'm sick of its issues if I cannot resolve this soon. Big thanks for any help.

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  • File corruption after copying files in Windows 7 64 bit using two methods

    - by DustByte
    I have 5000 pictures and other files in a directory taking up 35 GB. I want to duplicate this directory. Method 1: I do a simple copy and paste of the directory in explorer. I have the habit of checking the checksums after copying important files. In this case I noticed that around 2000 files failed the MD5 test. At a closer inspection of a randomly chosen JPEG with different checksums it turns out that some XMP metadata had changed. In particular, the tag <MicrosoftPhoto:DateAcquired> had changed the date from 2009 to today (possibly around the time I was copying the files). I have no idea what triggered this XMP data to be changed and exactly when it was changed and why for these particular files, but at least it seems to explain the checksum discrepancy. Method 2: As I want the exact files to be duplicated, I tried the program FreeFileSync to mirror the directory, hoping no XMP metadata would mysteriously change. A checksum test in addition to a thorough file comparison test in FreeFileSync lead to two similar but yet different results: 31 files fail the checksum test, 23 files fail the file comparison test. The smaller set is not entirely contained in the bigger set, although many files occur in both. What is alarming here is that not only JPEGs are flagged as altered but also som AVIs, MPGs and a large 7-zip file. Closer inspection of a JPEG indicates that it is indeed corrupt: the bottom half of the picture is simply plain gray. Due to the size of the 7-zip file, I have not been able to pin down the discrepancy. Note, in both methods, every file has its correct file size after being copied. Question: Any thoughts on what is possibly going on here? I have never had this problem before, and I am now terrified that files get corrupted after simple actions like copy/paste and file sync. Even if I manage to successfully copy the files somehow, I would still like an explanation to this.

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  • Ruby Passeger + Nginx or lighthttpi + fgci for shared hosting

    - by devnull
    I have set up a passenger + nginx setup and I plan to offer a free non-commercial hosting (or in fact on the fly deployment) for rack-based frameworks (e.g. camping, sinatra). I am facing an "issue" with passenger. For each application you need to configure nginx.conf (it would be the same with apache so it is not an nginx issue) with: server { ... passenger_base_uri /app1; passenger_base_uri /app2; passenger_base_uri /app3; } Now this is not inherently bad as, in theory, I could allow a user to run just one app on his webspace but even in this case I need to create a new server directory on nginx e.g. (user.domain.com). As this will mainly be used to deploy apps the behavior I am looking at is more the possibility to auto map several apps (e.g. app1, app2, app3, app4) under the same server (your app.com/app1 yourapp.com/app2) without having to update the nginx or apache file each time. This seems to be a limitation in passenger. As such I am thinking about an alternative with lighttpd and fastcgi. Would this allow immediate deployment without touching the lighttpd config file e.g. I create a new directory with app2 and it will run immediately ? What is your experience in performance difference between passenger + nginx vs. lighttpd + fastcgi ? thanks in advance scenario details: on nginx + passenger - user cannot add a new sub-folder and run another sinatra/camping app without declaring the path on nginx.conf and restarting the server; wished behavior with the new setup: - user can add a new folder with a new app and it would run on lighttpd+fcgi without any extra configuration of the web server;

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  • Pure Terminal Server 2003 system hangs

    - by Donovan
    System Profile: IBM Server hardware Windows Ent Server 2003 running terminal services. No Citrix. Max user load: 30 Symptoms: While in the course of normal operation our terminal server will hang up. As far as I can tell there isn't any trigger that's plainly visible yet. The way in witch it hangs may give a clue though. The hang presents its self by users not being able to initiate any new processes. All processes currently loaded into memory work just fine. Example: outlook 2007. You may continue to read email, operate the client and such. Some people don't even realize the hang has occurred for a bit of time. My attempts to troubleshoot have been futile. Reacting to the hang does no good because I can't start any new processes to investigate. After I reboot the server my next instinct would be to begin logging to catch the hang occurring but I'm not sure what to log. Right now I'm attempting to keep process explorer running in case the issue occurs again. Sometimes it happens twice a day, other times, once a week. Anyone have any ideas on how I could set myself up for better success in tracking this problem down? Thanks, Donovan

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  • Chrome caching 302 redirects

    - by Thermionix
    I have a php script with is used to rotate banner images on a site. Under Firefox/IE page refreshes will make another request and a different image will be returned. Under Chrome, the request seems to be cached and only opening the page in a new tab will cause it to actually query the script. I believe this used to work in older versions of chrome, I've tried a few different types of redirect codes all with the same result. Any tips? <img class="banner" src="/inc/banner.php" alt=""> ~$ cat /var/www/inc/banner.php <?php header("HTTP/1.1 302 Redirect"); header("Cache-Control: max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate"); //header('HTTP/1.1 307 Temporary Redirect'); //header("expires: none"); //header("expires: max"); //header("Cache-Control: public"); $folder = '../img/banner/'; $exts = 'jpg jpeg png gif'; $files = array(); $i = -1; if ('' == $folder) $folder = './'; $handle = opendir($folder); $exts = explode(' ', $exts); while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) { foreach($exts as $ext) { // for each extension check the extension if (preg_match('/\.'.$ext.'$/i', $file, $test)) { // faster than ereg, case insensitive $files[] = $file; // it's good ++$i; } } } closedir($handle); // We're not using it anymore mt_srand((double)microtime()*1000000); // seed for PHP < 4.2 $rand = mt_rand(0, $i); // $i was incremented as we went along header('Location: '.$folder.$files[$rand]); flush(); ?> curl output; ~$ curl -I -k https://example.net/inc/banner.php HTTP/1.1 302 Redirect Server: nginx/1.1.14 Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2012 03:23:46 GMT Content-Type: text/html Connection: keep-alive X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu1 Cache-Control: max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate Location: ../img/banner/2.jpg

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  • How to backup a NAS drive to a USB drive?

    - by Tim Murphy
    How would you backup 600+ GB of data on a NAS (Network-Attached Storage) drive to a USB external drive? The NAS drive does not contain mission critical data nonetheless I wish to make weekly copies of it just in case. The NAS drive is almost exclusively used as an archive dump and is rarely updated. However the backup strategy used must have a simple restore procedure so I can confidently say the data now on the NAS drive is exactly how it was at the time of backup. I did try xcopy but seemed like it would take many-many hours and eventually crashed with insufficient memory. http://www.ctunion.com/node/114 suggests I would need to use xxcopy instead due to folder/file name lengths. My concern with xcopy/xxcopy is the length of time it takes. Hoping something else is faster. NAS drive is DLink DNS-313. 1TB drive installed. Connected to router via Ethernet cable. USB drive is Seagate 1TB. Can be connected to Windows Vista (preferred) or Windows 7 PCs. Both PCs are usually connected Wirelessly however ethernet cable can be used during backup to speed up the process.

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  • SSH traffic over openvpn connection freezes when I cat a file

    - by user42055
    I have an openvpn (version 2.1_rc15 at both ends) connection setup between two gentoo boxes using shared keys. it works fine for the most part. I use mysql, http, ftp, scp over the vpn with no problems. But when I ssh from the client to the server over the vpn, weird things happen. I can login, i can execute some commands. But if i try to run an ncurses application like top, or i try to cat a file, the connection will stall and I'll have to sever the ssh session. I can, for example, execute "echo blah; echo .; echo blah" and it will output the three lines of text over the ssh session fine. But if i execute "cat /etc/motd" the session will freeze the moment I press enter. I compiled openvpn 2.1.1 on my mac and copied over my config directory from my gentoo client. The mac connected and ssh sessions worked fine without freezing. I then compiled it on my older gentoo box (2.6.26 kernel) which I am retiring due to a dying hard drive, and ssh over it also works perfectly. Why does it fail on my brand new gentoo box ? I've tried compiling three different kernels in case it was that, but other than that there should be no difference between my older and my newer gentoo boxes that I can think of. Any suggestions on what's wrong ?

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  • Value of Itanium over x86_64 for Oracle Deployment

    - by Antitribu
    We are looking at a new environment to run our Oracle Database running on SUSE (potentially migrating to RedHat). Our database is approximately 100GB and performs adequately on our current hardware (x86_64) with approximately 6GB of ram allocated to it. We are growing quickly however and will require more performance shortly. Given the cost of Oracle licenses we would like to maximize the value from each license by choosing the most appropriate CPU to run the software on. The questions are: Are there substantial benefits to looking at Itanium hardware, are there any drawbacks? Is there a point where Itanium starts to scale out better? What are the long term support options for Itanium? Given the dominance of x86 would it be safer long term to stick with x86? On average what would be the performance benefit of implementing an Oracle database on Itanium over x86_64? Is this an issue at all or will other factors (IO/RAM) cap out first? If anyone can point me towards some solid documentation on comparisons between the two platforms that provides good case analysis of when to choose which I'm more than happy to accept that as an answer.

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  • Cisco QoS Guidance

    - by Kyle Brandt
    I have a 10M connection to the internet that is hooked into a 100M port. I am getting started with QoS, and am hopping for a little guidance on setting it up on a Cisco 3825 router. Right now I am going forward with the idea that I have to implement it on my router, and the provider can't provide QoS for me. How I envision it working is that the QoS will drop or queue packets on my router and that will help prevent a situation where the provider has to start dropping a lot of packets. Right now all I am tasked with is making sure that one of the 3 LANs gets a certain slice (say 3M for Gig Lan1) of the 10M internet connection (But ideally this will be more flexible in the Future). 10M Internet on 100M port on HWIC-4ESW +-----------------------+ | | Gig Lan1 | Cisco 3825 | Lan3 on HWIC-4ESW | | +-----------------------+ Gig Lan2 I need to learn more about QoS, but having a target technology and maybe example configuration will help me wrap my head around the reading I am doing a little more. Which Cisco QoS Technology do you recommend for this particular situation? Have a basic sample config of how this might work? Right now the 10M line is not congested, so this more to have something in place in case it starts to become mildly congested in the future. I do have VOIP at one location connected to this one over the Internet that goes through a VPN tunnel. Everything else that is between this location and other offices is on a separate MPLS network.

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