loops - Page 68 - Developer IT

List/Grid Toggle for Photo Gallery with Shadowbox

- by InfamouslyBubbly

so I'm new to this site, and new to jquery, and javascript as a whole really, but I have very good comprehension of HTML and CSS. For a class in school, I'm making a photo gallery webpage using the Shadowbox plugin. I have that part all down, but one of the requirements is to add some sort of user option that the user can change that will get saved in a cookie. (I haven't gotten to the cookie part yet) For my option, I decided to add a toggle that will switch the view of the page from a grid view (default) with images, to a list view of just the captions of the images. I figured out how to do that, but decided it could probably done in a much simpler fashion with the use of loops. Here is the HTML I have: <body> <div id="preferences"> <h1>My Photo Gallery</h1> <ul id="options"> <li><a href="#" id="list"><img src="media/listview.png" alt="List view"/></a></li> <li><a href="#" id="grid"><img src="media/gridview.png" alt="List view"/></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="gallery"> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l1 img" href="media/img1.jpg" title="Black and White Leopard Pattern"><img src="media/thumb1.jpg" alt="Black and White Leopard Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l2 img" href="media/img2.jpg" title="Snow Leopard Pattern"><img src="media/thumb2.jpg" alt="Snow Leopard Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l3 img" href="media/img3.jpg" title="Colorful Triangle Pattern"><img src="media/thumb3.jpg" alt="Colurful Triangle Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l4 img" href="media/img4.jpg" title="Tie Dye Zebra Stripe Pattern"><img src="media/thumb4.jpg" alt="Tie Dye Zebra Stripe Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l5 img" href="media/img5.jpg" title="Blue Knitted Pattern"><img src="media/thumb5.jpg" alt="Blue Knitted Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l6 img" href="media/img6.jpg" title="Black and White Damask Pattern"><img src="media/thumb6.jpg" alt="Black and White Damask Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l7 img" href="media/img7.jpg" title="Wooden Panel Pattern"><img src="media/thumb7.jpg" alt="Wooden Panel Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l8 img" href="media/img8.jpg" title="Brick Pattern"><img src="media/thumb8.jpg" alt="Brick Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l9 img" href="media/img9.jpg" title="Watercolor Pattern"><img src="media/thumb9.jpg" alt="Watercolor Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l10 img" href="media/img10.jpg" title="Orange Stripe Pattern"><img src="media/thumb10.jpg" alt="Orange Stripe Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l11 img" href="media/img11.jpg" title="Blue Scales Pattern"><img src="media/thumb11.jpg" alt="Blue Scales Pattern"/></a> <a rel="shadowbox[Gallery]" class="l12 img" href="media/img12.jpg" title="Woven Pattern"><img src="media/thumb12.jpg" alt="Woven Pattern"/></a> </div> </body> So here is the sample that works (for the list portion anyways), but seems excessive in terms of code since I'd have to repeat for each image: $(document).ready(function(){ $( "#list" ).click(function() { $( "a.l1" ).removeClass( "img" ); $( "a.l1" ).addClass( "lst" ); $( "a.l1" ).text( $( "a.l1" ).attr( "title" ); //repeat for l1 through l12 (that`s the letter L not a 1) }); $( "#grid" ).click(function() { $( "a.l1" ).removeClass( "lst" ); $( "a.l1" ).addClass( "grid" ); //actually have no idea at all how to get this back to the original img tag other than maybe .innerHTML??? //repeat for l1 through l12 (again, that`s the letter L not a 1) }); }): And here is kinda how I'd like it (Y'know, except in a way that works) $(document).ready(function(){ var i = 1; var selcur = $( "'a.l" + i + "'" ); var title = selcur.attr( "title" ); var image = '<img src="media/thumb' + i + '.jpg" alt="' + title + '"/>'; $( "#list" ).click(function() { while (1<=12) { selcur.addClass("lst"); selcur.removeClass("img"); selcur.text( title ); i++; } i = 1; }); $( "#grid" ).click(function() { while (1<=12) { selcur.removeClass("lst"); selcur.addClass("img"); selcur.text( image ); i++; } i = 1; }); }); Please tell me how I am going about this wrong, keep in mind again I'm new to this, I appreciate any and all responses! Is there a better way to do this? I really want to keep it simple.

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Adapting non-iterable containers to be iterated via custom templatized iterator

- by DAldridge

I have some classes, which for various reasons out of scope of this discussion, I cannot modify (irrelevant implementation details omitted): class Foo { /* ... irrelevant public interface ... */ }; class Bar { public: Foo& get_foo(size_t index) { /* whatever */ } size_t size_foo() { /* whatever */ } }; (There are many similar 'Foo' and 'Bar' classes I'm dealing with, and it's all generated code from elsewhere and stuff I don't want to subclass, etc.) [Edit: clarification - although there are many similar 'Foo' and 'Bar' classes, it is guaranteed that each "outer" class will have the getter and size methods. Only the getter method name and return type will differ for each "outer", based on whatever it's "inner" contained type is. So, if I have Baz which contains Quux instances, there will be Quux& Baz::get_quux(size_t index), and size_t Baz::size_quux().] Given the design of the Bar class, you cannot easily use it in STL algorithms (e.g. for_each, find_if, etc.), and must do imperative loops rather than taking a functional approach (reasons why I prefer the latter is also out of scope for this discussion): Bar b; size_t numFoo = b.size_foo(); for (int fooIdx = 0; fooIdx < numFoo; ++fooIdx) { Foo& f = b.get_foo(fooIdx); /* ... do stuff with 'f' ... */ } So... I've never created a custom iterator, and after reading various questions/answers on S.O. about iterator_traits and the like, I came up with this (currently half-baked) "solution": First, the custom iterator mechanism (NOTE: all uses of 'function' and 'bind' are from std::tr1 in MSVC9): // Iterator mechanism... template <typename TOuter, typename TInner> class ContainerIterator : public std::iterator<std::input_iterator_tag, TInner> { public: typedef function<TInner& (size_t)> func_type; ContainerIterator(const ContainerIterator& other) : mFunc(other.mFunc), mIndex(other.mIndex) {} ContainerIterator& operator++() { ++mIndex; return *this; } bool operator==(const ContainerIterator& other) { return ((mFunc.target<TOuter>() == other.mFunc.target<TOuter>()) && (mIndex == other.mIndex)); } bool operator!=(const ContainerIterator& other) { return !(*this == other); } TInner& operator*() { return mFunc(mIndex); } private: template<typename TOuter, typename TInner> friend class ContainerProxy; ContainerIterator(func_type func, size_t index = 0) : mFunc(func), mIndex(index) {} function<TInner& (size_t)> mFunc; size_t mIndex; }; Next, the mechanism by which I get valid iterators representing begin and end of the inner container: // Proxy(?) to the outer class instance, providing a way to get begin() and end() // iterators to the inner contained instances... template <typename TOuter, typename TInner> class ContainerProxy { public: typedef function<TInner& (size_t)> access_func_type; typedef function<size_t ()> size_func_type; typedef ContainerIterator<TOuter, TInner> iter_type; ContainerProxy(access_func_type accessFunc, size_func_type sizeFunc) : mAccessFunc(accessFunc), mSizeFunc(sizeFunc) {} iter_type begin() const { size_t numItems = mSizeFunc(); if (0 == numItems) return end(); else return ContainerIterator<TOuter, TInner>(mAccessFunc, 0); } iter_type end() const { size_t numItems = mSizeFunc(); return ContainerIterator<TOuter, TInner>(mAccessFunc, numItems); } private: access_func_type mAccessFunc; size_func_type mSizeFunc; }; I can use these classes in the following manner: // Sample function object for taking action on an LMX inner class instance yielded // by iteration... template <typename TInner> class SomeTInnerFunctor { public: void operator()(const TInner& inner) { /* ... whatever ... */ } }; // Example of iterating over an outer class instance's inner container... Bar b; /* assume populated which contained items ... */ ContainerProxy<Bar, Foo> bProxy( bind(&Bar::get_foo, b, _1), bind(&Bar::size_foo, b)); for_each(bProxy.begin(), bProxy.end(), SomeTInnerFunctor<Foo>()); Empirically, this solution functions correctly (minus any copy/paste or typos I may have introduced when editing the above for brevity). So, finally, the actual question: I don't like requiring the use of bind() and _1 placeholders, etcetera by the caller. All they really care about is: outer type, inner type, outer type's method to fetch inner instances, outer type's method to fetch count inner instances. Is there any way to "hide" the bind in the body of the template classes somehow? I've been unable to find a way to separately supply template parameters for the types and inner methods separately... Thanks! David

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C++ Program performs better when piped

- by ET1 Nerd

I haven't done any programming in a decade. I wanted to get back into it, so I made this little pointless program as practice. The easiest way to describe what it does is with output of my --help codeblock: ./prng_bench --help ./prng_bench: usage: ./prng_bench $N $B [$T] This program will generate an N digit base(B) random number until all N digits are the same. Once a repeating N digit base(B) number is found, the following statistics are displayed: -Decimal value of all N digits. -Time & number of tries taken to randomly find. Optionally, this process is repeated T times. When running multiple repititions, averages for all N digit base(B) numbers are displayed at the end, as well as total time and total tries. My "problem" is that when the problem is "easy", say a 3 digit base 10 number, and I have it do a large number of passes the "total time" is less when piped to grep. ie: command ; command |grep took : ./prng_bench 3 10 999999 ; ./prng_bench 3 10 999999|grep took .... Pass# 999999: All 3 base(10) digits = 3 base(10). Time: 0.00005 secs. Tries: 23 It took 191.86701 secs & 99947208 tries to find 999999 repeating 3 digit base(10) numbers. An average of 0.00019 secs & 99 tries was needed to find each one. It took 159.32355 secs & 99947208 tries to find 999999 repeating 3 digit base(10) numbers. If I run the same command many times w/o grep time is always VERY close. I'm using srand(1234) for now, to test. The code between my calls to clock_gettime() for start and stop do not involve any stream manipulation, which would obviously affect time. I realize this is an exercise in futility, but I'd like to know why it behaves this way. Below is heart of the program. Here's a link to the full source on DB if anybody wants to compile and test. https://www.dropbox.com/s/6olqnnjf3unkm2m/prng_bench.cpp clock_gettime() requires -lrt. for (int pass_num=1; pass_num<=passes; pass_num++) { //Executes $passes # of times. clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &temp_time); //get time start_time = timetodouble(temp_time); //convert time to double, store as start_time for(i=1, tries=0; i!=0; tries++) { //loops until 'comparison for' fully completes. counts reps as 'tries'. <------------ for (i=0; i<Ndigits; i++) //Move forward through array. | results[i]=(rand()%base); //assign random num of base to element (digit). | /*for (i=0; i<Ndigits; i++) //---Debug Lines--------------- | std::cout<<" "<<results[i]; //---a LOT of output.---------- | std::cout << "\n"; //---Comment/decoment to disable/enable.*/ // | for (i=Ndigits-1; i>0 && results[i]==results[0]; i--); //Move through array, != element breaks & i!=0, new digits drawn. -| } //If all are equal i will be 0, nested for condition satisfied. -| clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &temp_time); //get time draw_time = (timetodouble(temp_time) - start_time); //convert time to dbl, subtract start_time, set draw_time to diff. total_time += draw_time; //add time for this pass to total. total_tries += tries; //add tries for this pass to total. /*Formated output for each pass: Pass# ---: All -- base(--) digits = -- base(10) Time: ----.---- secs. Tries: ----- (LINE) */ std::cout<<"Pass# "<<std::setw(width_pass)<<pass_num<<": All "<<Ndigits<<" base("<<base<<") digits = " <<std::setw(width_base)<<results[0]<<" base(10). Time: "<<std::setw(width_time)<<draw_time <<" secs. Tries: "<<tries<<"\n"; } if(passes==1) return 0; //No need for totals and averages of 1 pass. /* It took ----.---- secs & ------ tries to find --- repeating -- digit base(--) numbers. (LINE) An average of ---.---- secs & ---- tries was needed to find each one. (LINE)(LINE) */ std::cout<<"It took "<<total_time<<" secs & "<<total_tries<<" tries to find " <<passes<<" repeating "<<Ndigits<<" digit base("<<base<<") numbers.\n" <<"An average of "<<total_time/passes<<" secs & "<<total_tries/passes <<" tries was needed to find each one. \n\n"; return 0;

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Javascript form validation only works in firefox

- by Logic Artist

Hello, I am relatively new to Javascript so I'm hoping this is a simple mistake. I building a generic form validation function that is called on the form's onSubmit. The function loops through all the form's child elements, looks for certain classes, and analyzes the contents of the appropriate fields. If it finds something missing or erroneous, it displays the appropriate error message div and returns false, thus preventing the form from being submitted to the php page. It works well in firefox 3.6.3, but in every other browser I've tested (Safari 4.0.4, Chrome 4.1, IE8) it seems to ignore the onSubmit and jump straight to the php processing page. HTML CODE: <form name='myForm' id='myForm' action='process_form.php' method='post' onSubmit="return validateRequired('myForm')"> <fieldset class="required radioset"> <label for='selection1'> <input type='radio' name='selection' id='selection1' value='1'/> Option 1 </label> <label for='selection2'> <input type='radio' name='selection' id='selection2' value='2'/> Option 2 </label> <label for='selection3'> <input type='radio' name='selection' id='selection3' value='3'/> Option 3 </label> <label for='selection4'> <input type='radio' name='selection' id='selection4' value='4'/> Option 4 </label> <div class='errorBox' style='visibility:hidden'> Please make a selection </div> </fieldset> <fieldset class="required checkset"> <label> Choice 1 <input type='checkbox' name='choices' id='choice1' value='1'/> </label> <label> Choice 2 <input type='checkbox' name='choices' id='choice2' value='2'/> </label> <label> Choice 3 <input type='checkbox' name='choices' id='choice3' value='3'/> </label> <label> Choice 4 <input type='checkbox' name='choices' id='choice4' value='4'/> </label> <div class='errorBox' style='visibility:hidden'> Please choose at least one </div> </fieldset> <fieldset class="required textfield" > <label for='textinput1'> Required Text: <input type='text' name='textinput1' id='textinput1' size='40'/> </label> <div class='errorBox' style='visibility:hidden'> Please enter some text </div> </fieldset> <fieldset class="required email textfield"> <label for='email'> Required Email: <input type='text' name='email' id='email' size='40'/> </label> <div class='errorBox' style='visibility:hidden'> The email address you have entered is invalid </div> </fieldset> <div> <input type='submit' value='submit'> <input type='reset' value='reset'> </div> </form> JAVASCRIPT CODE: function validateRequired(id){ var form = document.getElementById(id); var errors = 0; var returnVal = true; for(i = 0; i < form.elements.length; i++){ var elem = form.elements[i]; if(hasClass(elem,"required")){ /*RADIO BUTTON or CHECK BOX SET*/ if(hasClass(elem,"radioset") || hasClass(elem,"checkset")){ var inputs = elem.getElementsByTagName("input"); var check = false; for(j = 0; j < inputs.length; j++){ if(inputs[j].checked){ check = true; } } if(check == false){ errors += 1; showError(elem); } else { hideError(elem); } } /*TEXT FIELD*/ else if(hasClass(elem,"textfield")){ var input = elem.getElementsByTagName("input"); if(input[0].value == ""){ errors += 1; showError(elem); } else { hideError(elem); /*EMAIL ADDRESS*/ if(hasClass(elem,"email")){ if(isValidEmail(input[0].value) == false){ errors += 1; showError(elem); } else { hideError(elem); } } } } } } if(errors > 0){ returnVal = false; } else { returnVal = true; } return returnVal;} I know this is a lot of code to look at, but any help would be appreciated. Since it works fine in one browser, Im not sure how to start debugging. Thanks Andrew

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Metro: Using Templates

- by Stephen.Walther

The goal of this blog post is to describe how templates work in the WinJS library. In particular, you learn how to use a template to display both a single item and an array of items. You also learn how to load a template from an external file. Why use Templates? Imagine that you want to display a list of products in a page. The following code is bad: var products = [ { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }, { name: "VW Rabbit", price: 200 }, { name: "BMW", price: 60000 } ]; var productsHTML = ""; for (var i = 0; i < products.length; i++) { productsHTML += "<h1>Product Details</h1>" + "<div>Product Name: " + products[i].name + "</div>" + "<div>Product Price: " + products[i].price + "</div>"; } document.getElementById("productContainer").innerHTML = productsHTML; In the code above, an array of products is displayed by creating a for..next loop which loops through each element in the array. A string which represents a list of products is built through concatenation. The code above is a designer’s nightmare. You cannot modify the appearance of the list of products without modifying the JavaScript code. A much better approach is to use a template like this: <div id="productTemplate"> <h1>Product Details</h1> <div> Product Name: <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> </div> <div> Product Price: <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> A template is simply a fragment of HTML that contains placeholders. Instead of displaying a list of products by concatenating together a string, you can render a template for each product. Creating a Simple Template Let’s start by using a template to render a single product. The following HTML page contains a template and a placeholder for rendering the template: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Application1</title>  <link href="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/css/ui-dark.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/base.js"></script> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/ui.js"></script>  <link href="/css/default.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/js/default.js"></script> </head> <body>  <div id="productTemplate"> <h1>Product Details</h1> <div> Product Name: <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> </div> <div> Product Price: <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div>  <div id="productContainer"></div> </body> </html> In the page above, the template is defined in a DIV element with the id productTemplate. The contents of the productTemplate are not displayed when the page is opened in the browser. The contents of a template are automatically hidden when you convert the productTemplate into a template in your JavaScript code. Notice that the template uses data-win-bind attributes to display the product name and price properties. You can use both data-win-bind and data-win-bindsource attributes within a template. To learn more about these attributes, see my earlier blog post on WinJS data binding: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/26/windows-web-applications-declarative-data-binding.aspx The page above also includes a DIV element named productContainer. The rendered template is added to this element. Here’s the code for the default.js script which creates and renders the template: (function () { "use strict"; var app = WinJS.Application; app.onactivated = function (eventObject) { if (eventObject.detail.kind === Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivationKind.launch) { var product = { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }; var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(document.getElementById("productTemplate")); productTemplate.render(product, document.getElementById("productContainer")); } }; app.start(); })(); In the code above, a single product object is created with the following line of code: var product = { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }; Next, the productTemplate element from the page is converted into an actual WinJS template with the following line of code: var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(document.getElementById("productTemplate")); The template is rendered to the templateContainer element with the following line of code: productTemplate.render(product, document.getElementById("productContainer")); The result of this work is that the product details are displayed: Notice that you do not need to call WinJS.Binding.processAll(). The Template render() method takes care of the binding for you. Displaying an Array in a Template If you want to display an array of products using a template then you simply need to create a for..next loop and iterate through the array calling the Template render() method for each element. (function () { "use strict"; var app = WinJS.Application; app.onactivated = function (eventObject) { if (eventObject.detail.kind === Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivationKind.launch) { var products = [ { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }, { name: "VW Rabbit", price: 200 }, { name: "BMW", price: 60000 } ]; var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(document.getElementById("productTemplate")); var productContainer = document.getElementById("productContainer"); var i, product; for (i = 0; i < products.length; i++) { product = products[i]; productTemplate.render(product, productContainer); } } }; app.start(); })(); After each product in the array is rendered with the template, the result is appended to the productContainer element. No changes need to be made to the HTML page discussed in the previous section to display an array of products instead of a single product. The same product template can be used in both scenarios. Rendering an HTML TABLE with a Template When using the WinJS library, you create a template by creating an HTML element in your page. One drawback to this approach of creating templates is that your templates are part of your HTML page. In order for your HTML page to validate, the HTML within your templates must also validate. This means, for example, that you cannot enclose a single HTML table row within a template. The following HTML is invalid because you cannot place a TR element directly within the body of an HTML document:  <tr> <td data-win-bind="innerText:name"></td> <td data-win-bind="innerText:price"></td> </tr> This template won’t validate because, in a valid HTML5 document, a TR element must appear within a THEAD or TBODY element. Instead, you must create the entire TABLE element in the template. The following HTML page illustrates how you can create a template which contains a TR element: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Application1</title>  <link href="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/css/ui-dark.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/base.js"></script> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/ui.js"></script>  <link href="/css/default.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/js/default.js"></script> </head> <body>  <div id="productTemplate"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td data-win-bind="innerText:name"></td> <td data-win-bind="innerText:price"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>  <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Name</th><th>Price</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody id="productContainer"> </tbody> </table> </body> </html> In the HTML page above, the product template includes TABLE and TBODY elements:  <div id="productTemplate"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td data-win-bind="innerText:name"></td> <td data-win-bind="innerText:price"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> We discard these elements when we render the template. The only reason that we include the TABLE and THEAD elements in the template is to make the HTML page validate as valid HTML5 markup. Notice that the productContainer (the target of the template) in the page above is a TBODY element. We want to add the rows rendered by the template to the TBODY element in the page. The productTemplate is rendered in the default.js file: (function () { "use strict"; var app = WinJS.Application; app.onactivated = function (eventObject) { if (eventObject.detail.kind === Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivationKind.launch) { var products = [ { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }, { name: "VW Rabbit", price: 200 }, { name: "BMW", price: 60000 } ]; var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(document.getElementById("productTemplate")); var productContainer = document.getElementById("productContainer"); var i, product, row; for (i = 0; i < products.length; i++) { product = products[i]; productTemplate.render(product).then(function (result) { row = WinJS.Utilities.query("tr", result).get(0); productContainer.appendChild(row); }); } } }; app.start(); })(); When the product template is rendered, the TR element is extracted from the rendered template by using the WinJS.Utilities.query() method. Next, only the TR element is added to the productContainer: productTemplate.render(product).then(function (result) { row = WinJS.Utilities.query("tr", result).get(0); productContainer.appendChild(row); }); I discuss the WinJS.Utilities.query() method in depth in a previous blog entry: http://stephenwalther.com/blog/archive/2012/02/23/windows-web-applications-query-selectors.aspx When everything gets rendered, the products are displayed in an HTML table: You can see the actual HTML rendered by looking at the Visual Studio DOM Explorer window: Loading an External Template Instead of embedding a template in an HTML page, you can place your template in an external HTML file. It makes sense to create a template in an external file when you need to use the same template in multiple pages. For example, you might need to use the same product template in multiple pages in your application. The following HTML page does not contain a template. It only contains a container that will act as a target for the rendered template: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Application1</title>  <link href="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/css/ui-dark.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/base.js"></script> <script src="//Microsoft.WinJS.0.6/js/ui.js"></script>  <link href="/css/default.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/js/default.js"></script> </head> <body>  <div id="productContainer"></div> </body> </html> The template is contained in a separate file located at the path /templates/productTemplate.html: Here’s the contents of the productTemplate.html file:  <div id="productTemplate"> <h1>Product Details</h1> <div> Product Name: <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> </div> <div> Product Price: <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> Notice that the template file only contains the template and not the standard opening and closing HTML elements. It is an HTML fragment. If you prefer, you can include all of the standard opening and closing HTML elements in your external template – these elements get stripped away automatically: <html> <head><title>product template</title></head> <body>  <div id="productTemplate"> <h1>Product Details</h1> <div> Product Name: <span data-win-bind="innerText:name"></span> </div> <div> Product Price: <span data-win-bind="innerText:price"></span> </div> </div> </body> </html> Either approach – using a fragment or using a full HTML document — works fine. Finally, the following default.js file loads the external template, renders the template for each product, and appends the result to the product container: (function () { "use strict"; var app = WinJS.Application; app.onactivated = function (eventObject) { if (eventObject.detail.kind === Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivationKind.launch) { var products = [ { name: "Tesla", price: 80000 }, { name: "VW Rabbit", price: 200 }, { name: "BMW", price: 60000 } ]; var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(null, { href: "/templates/productTemplate.html" }); var productContainer = document.getElementById("productContainer"); var i, product, row; for (i = 0; i < products.length; i++) { product = products[i]; productTemplate.render(product, productContainer); } } }; app.start(); })(); The path to the external template is passed to the constructor for the Template class as one of the options: var productTemplate = new WinJS.Binding.Template(null, {href:"/templates/productTemplate.html"}); When a template is contained in a page then you use the first parameter of the WinJS.Binding.Template constructor to represent the template – instead of null, you pass the element which contains the template. When a template is located in an external file, you pass the href for the file as part of the second parameter for the WinJS.Binding.Template constructor. Summary The goal of this blog entry was to describe how you can use WinJS templates to render either a single item or an array of items to a page. We also explored two advanced topics. You learned how to render an HTML table by extracting the TR element from a template. You also learned how to place a template in an external file.

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XNA Screen Manager problem with transitions

- by NexAddo

I'm having issues using the game statemanagement example in the game I am developing. I have no issues with my first three screens transitioning between one another. I have a main menu screen, a splash screen and a high score screen that cycle: mainMenuScreen->splashScreen->highScoreScreen->mainMenuScreen The screens change every 15 seconds. Transition times public MainMenuScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.0); currentCreditAmount = Global.CurrentCredits; } public SplashScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); } public HighScoreScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); } public GamePlayScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); } When a user inserts credits they can play the game after pressing start mainMenuScreen->splashScreen->highScoreScreen->(loops forever) || || || ===========Credits In============= || Start || \/ LoadingScreen || Start || \/ GamePlayScreen During each of these transitions, between screens, the same code is used, which exits(removes) all current active screens and respects transitions, then adds the new screen to the screen manager: foreach (GameScreen screen in ScreenManager.GetScreens()) screen.ExitScreen(); //AddScreen takes a new screen to manage and the controlling player ScreenManager.AddScreen(new NameOfScreenHere(), null); Each screen is removed from the ScreenManager with ExitScreen() and using this function, each screen transition is respected. The problem I am having is with my gamePlayScreen. When the current game is finished and the transition is complete for the gamePlayScreen, it should be removed and the next screens should be added to the ScreenManager. GamePlayScreen Code Snippet private void FinishCurrentGame() { AudioManager.StopSounds(); this.UnloadContent(); if (Global.SaveDevice.IsReady) Stats.Save(); if (HighScoreScreen.IsInHighscores(timeLimit)) { foreach (GameScreen screen in ScreenManager.GetScreens()) screen.ExitScreen(); Global.TimeRemaining = timeLimit; ScreenManager.AddScreen(new BackgroundScreen(), null); ScreenManager.AddScreen(new MessageBoxScreen("Enter your Initials", true), null); } else { foreach (GameScreen screen in ScreenManager.GetScreens()) screen.ExitScreen(); ScreenManager.AddScreen(new BackgroundScreen(), null); ScreenManager.AddScreen(new MainMenuScreen(), null); } } The problem is that when isExiting is set to true by screen.ExitScreen() for the gamePlayScreen, the transition never completes the transition and removes the screen from the ScreenManager. Every other screen that I use the same technique to add and remove each screen fully transitions On/Off and is removed at the appropriate time from the ScreenManager, but noy my GamePlayScreen. Has anyone that has used the GameStateManagement example experienced this issue or can someone see the mistake I am making? EDIT This is what I tracked down. When the game is done, I call foreach (GameScreen screen in ScreenManager.GetScreens()) screen.ExitScreen(); to start the transition off process for the gameplay screen. At this point there is only 1 screen on the ScreenManager stack. The gamePlay screen gets isExiting set to true and starts to transition off. Right after the above call to ExitScreen() I add a background screen and menu screen to the screenManager: ScreenManager.AddScreen(new background(), null); ScreenManager.AddScreen(new Menu(), null); The count of the ScreenManager is now 3. What I noticed while stepping through the updates for GameScreen and ScreenManager, the gameplay screen never gets to the point where the transistion process finishes so the ScreenManager can remove it from the stack. This anomaly does not happen to any of my other screens when I switch between them. Screen Manager Code #region File Description //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // ScreenManager.cs // // Microsoft XNA Community Game Platform // Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #endregion #define DEMO #region Using Statements using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using PerformanceUtility.GameDebugTools; #endregion namespace GameStateManagement { /// <summary> /// The screen manager is a component which manages one or more GameScreen /// instances. It maintains a stack of screens, calls their Update and Draw /// methods at the appropriate times, and automatically routes input to the /// topmost active screen. /// </summary> public class ScreenManager : DrawableGameComponent { #region Fields List<GameScreen> screens = new List<GameScreen>(); List<GameScreen> screensToUpdate = new List<GameScreen>(); InputState input = new InputState(); SpriteBatch spriteBatch; SpriteFont font; Texture2D blankTexture; bool isInitialized; bool getOut; bool traceEnabled; #if DEBUG DebugSystem debugSystem; Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch(); bool debugTextEnabled; #endif #endregion #region Properties /// <summary> /// A default SpriteBatch shared by all the screens. This saves /// each screen having to bother creating their own local instance. /// </summary> public SpriteBatch SpriteBatch { get { return spriteBatch; } } /// <summary> /// A default font shared by all the screens. This saves /// each screen having to bother loading their own local copy. /// </summary> public SpriteFont Font { get { return font; } } public Rectangle ScreenRectangle { get { return new Rectangle(0, 0, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height); } } /// <summary> /// If true, the manager prints out a list of all the screens /// each time it is updated. This can be useful for making sure /// everything is being added and removed at the right times. /// </summary> public bool TraceEnabled { get { return traceEnabled; } set { traceEnabled = value; } } #if DEBUG public bool DebugTextEnabled { get { return debugTextEnabled; } set { debugTextEnabled = value; } } public DebugSystem DebugSystem { get { return debugSystem; } } #endif #endregion #region Initialization /// <summary> /// Constructs a new screen manager component. /// </summary> public ScreenManager(Game game) : base(game) { // we must set EnabledGestures before we can query for them, but // we don't assume the game wants to read them. //TouchPanel.EnabledGestures = GestureType.None; } /// <summary> /// Initializes the screen manager component. /// </summary> public override void Initialize() { base.Initialize(); #if DEBUG debugSystem = DebugSystem.Initialize(Game, "Fonts/MenuFont"); #endif isInitialized = true; } /// <summary> /// Load your graphics content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Load content belonging to the screen manager. ContentManager content = Game.Content; spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); font = content.Load<SpriteFont>(@"Fonts\menufont"); blankTexture = content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Textures\Backgrounds\blank"); // Tell each of the screens to load their content. foreach (GameScreen screen in screens) { screen.LoadContent(); } } /// <summary> /// Unload your graphics content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // Tell each of the screens to unload their content. foreach (GameScreen screen in screens) { screen.UnloadContent(); } } #endregion #region Update and Draw /// <summary> /// Allows each screen to run logic. /// </summary> public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { #if DEBUG debugSystem.TimeRuler.StartFrame(); debugSystem.TimeRuler.BeginMark("Update", Color.Blue); if (debugTextEnabled && getOut == false) { debugSystem.FpsCounter.Visible = true; debugSystem.TimeRuler.Visible = true; debugSystem.TimeRuler.ShowLog = true; getOut = true; } else if (debugTextEnabled == false) { getOut = false; debugSystem.FpsCounter.Visible = false; debugSystem.TimeRuler.Visible = false; debugSystem.TimeRuler.ShowLog = false; } #endif // Read the keyboard and gamepad. input.Update(); // Make a copy of the master screen list, to avoid confusion if // the process of updating one screen adds or removes others. screensToUpdate.Clear(); foreach (GameScreen screen in screens) screensToUpdate.Add(screen); bool otherScreenHasFocus = !Game.IsActive; bool coveredByOtherScreen = false; // Loop as long as there are screens waiting to be updated. while (screensToUpdate.Count > 0) { // Pop the topmost screen off the waiting list. GameScreen screen = screensToUpdate[screensToUpdate.Count - 1]; screensToUpdate.RemoveAt(screensToUpdate.Count - 1); // Update the screen. screen.Update(gameTime, otherScreenHasFocus, coveredByOtherScreen); if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOn || screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.Active) { // If this is the first active screen we came across, // give it a chance to handle input. if (!otherScreenHasFocus) { screen.HandleInput(input); otherScreenHasFocus = true; } // If this is an active non-popup, inform any subsequent // screens that they are covered by it. if (!screen.IsPopup) coveredByOtherScreen = true; } } // Print debug trace? if (traceEnabled) TraceScreens(); #if DEBUG debugSystem.TimeRuler.EndMark("Update"); #endif } /// <summary> /// Prints a list of all the screens, for debugging. /// </summary> void TraceScreens() { List<string> screenNames = new List<string>(); foreach (GameScreen screen in screens) screenNames.Add(screen.GetType().Name); Debug.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", screenNames.ToArray())); } /// <summary> /// Tells each screen to draw itself. /// </summary> public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { #if DEBUG debugSystem.TimeRuler.StartFrame(); debugSystem.TimeRuler.BeginMark("Draw", Color.Yellow); #endif foreach (GameScreen screen in screens) { if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.Hidden) continue; screen.Draw(gameTime); } #if DEBUG debugSystem.TimeRuler.EndMark("Draw"); #endif #if DEMO SpriteBatch.Begin(); SpriteBatch.DrawString(font, "DEMO - NOT FOR RESALE", new Vector2(20, 80), Color.White); SpriteBatch.End(); #endif } #endregion #region Public Methods /// <summary> /// Adds a new screen to the screen manager. /// </summary> public void AddScreen(GameScreen screen, PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer) { screen.ControllingPlayer = controllingPlayer; screen.ScreenManager = this; screen.IsExiting = false; // If we have a graphics device, tell the screen to load content. if (isInitialized) { screen.LoadContent(); } screens.Add(screen); } /// <summary> /// Removes a screen from the screen manager. You should normally /// use GameScreen.ExitScreen instead of calling this directly, so /// the screen can gradually transition off rather than just being /// instantly removed. /// </summary> public void RemoveScreen(GameScreen screen) { // If we have a graphics device, tell the screen to unload content. if (isInitialized) { screen.UnloadContent(); } screens.Remove(screen); screensToUpdate.Remove(screen); } /// <summary> /// Expose an array holding all the screens. We return a copy rather /// than the real master list, because screens should only ever be added /// or removed using the AddScreen and RemoveScreen methods. /// </summary> public GameScreen[] GetScreens() { return screens.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// Helper draws a translucent black fullscreen sprite, used for fading /// screens in and out, and for darkening the background behind popups. /// </summary> public void FadeBackBufferToBlack(float alpha) { Viewport viewport = GraphicsDevice.Viewport; spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(blankTexture, new Rectangle(0, 0, viewport.Width, viewport.Height), Color.Black * alpha); spriteBatch.End(); } #endregion } } Game Screen Parent of GamePlayScreen #region File Description //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // GameScreen.cs // // Microsoft XNA Community Game Platform // Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #endregion #region Using Statements using System; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; //using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input.Touch; using System.IO; #endregion namespace GameStateManagement { /// <summary> /// Enum describes the screen transition state. /// </summary> public enum ScreenState { TransitionOn, Active, TransitionOff, Hidden, } /// <summary> /// A screen is a single layer that has update and draw logic, and which /// can be combined with other layers to build up a complex menu system. /// For instance the main menu, the options menu, the "are you sure you /// want to quit" message box, and the main game itself are all implemented /// as screens. /// </summary> public abstract class GameScreen { #region Properties /// <summary> /// Normally when one screen is brought up over the top of another, /// the first screen will transition off to make room for the new /// one. This property indicates whether the screen is only a small /// popup, in which case screens underneath it do not need to bother /// transitioning off. /// </summary> public bool IsPopup { get { return isPopup; } protected set { isPopup = value; } } bool isPopup = false; /// <summary> /// Indicates how long the screen takes to /// transition on when it is activated. /// </summary> public TimeSpan TransitionOnTime { get { return transitionOnTime; } protected set { transitionOnTime = value; } } TimeSpan transitionOnTime = TimeSpan.Zero; /// <summary> /// Indicates how long the screen takes to /// transition off when it is deactivated. /// </summary> public TimeSpan TransitionOffTime { get { return transitionOffTime; } protected set { transitionOffTime = value; } } TimeSpan transitionOffTime = TimeSpan.Zero; /// <summary> /// Gets the current position of the screen transition, ranging /// from zero (fully active, no transition) to one (transitioned /// fully off to nothing). /// </summary> public float TransitionPosition { get { return transitionPosition; } protected set { transitionPosition = value; } } float transitionPosition = 1; /// <summary> /// Gets the current alpha of the screen transition, ranging /// from 1 (fully active, no transition) to 0 (transitioned /// fully off to nothing). /// </summary> public float TransitionAlpha { get { return 1f - TransitionPosition; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the current screen transition state. /// </summary> public ScreenState ScreenState { get { return screenState; } protected set { screenState = value; } } ScreenState screenState = ScreenState.TransitionOn; /// <summary> /// There are two possible reasons why a screen might be transitioning /// off. It could be temporarily going away to make room for another /// screen that is on top of it, or it could be going away for good. /// This property indicates whether the screen is exiting for real: /// if set, the screen will automatically remove itself as soon as the /// transition finishes. /// </summary> public bool IsExiting { get { return isExiting; } protected internal set { isExiting = value; } } bool isExiting = false; /// <summary> /// Checks whether this screen is active and can respond to user input. /// </summary> public bool IsActive { get { return !otherScreenHasFocus && (screenState == ScreenState.TransitionOn || screenState == ScreenState.Active); } } bool otherScreenHasFocus; /// <summary> /// Gets the manager that this screen belongs to. /// </summary> public ScreenManager ScreenManager { get { return screenManager; } internal set { screenManager = value; } } ScreenManager screenManager; public KeyboardState KeyboardState { get {return Keyboard.GetState();} } /// <summary> /// Gets the index of the player who is currently controlling this screen, /// or null if it is accepting input from any player. This is used to lock /// the game to a specific player profile. The main menu responds to input /// from any connected gamepad, but whichever player makes a selection from /// this menu is given control over all subsequent screens, so other gamepads /// are inactive until the controlling player returns to the main menu. /// </summary> public PlayerIndex? ControllingPlayer { get { return controllingPlayer; } internal set { controllingPlayer = value; } } PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer; /// <summary> /// Gets whether or not this screen is serializable. If this is true, /// the screen will be recorded into the screen manager's state and /// its Serialize and Deserialize methods will be called as appropriate. /// If this is false, the screen will be ignored during serialization. /// By default, all screens are assumed to be serializable. /// </summary> public bool IsSerializable { get { return isSerializable; } protected set { isSerializable = value; } } bool isSerializable = true; #endregion #region Initialization /// <summary> /// Load graphics content for the screen. /// </summary> public virtual void LoadContent() { } /// <summary> /// Unload content for the screen. /// </summary> public virtual void UnloadContent() { } #endregion #region Update and Draw /// <summary> /// Allows the screen to run logic, such as updating the transition position. /// Unlike HandleInput, this method is called regardless of whether the screen /// is active, hidden, or in the middle of a transition. /// </summary> public virtual void Update(GameTime gameTime, bool otherScreenHasFocus, bool coveredByOtherScreen) { this.otherScreenHasFocus = otherScreenHasFocus; if (isExiting) { // If the screen is going away to die, it should transition off. screenState = ScreenState.TransitionOff; if (!UpdateTransition(gameTime, transitionOffTime, 1)) { // When the transition finishes, remove the screen. ScreenManager.RemoveScreen(this); } } else if (coveredByOtherScreen) { // If the screen is covered by another, it should transition off. if (UpdateTransition(gameTime, transitionOffTime, 1)) { // Still busy transitioning. screenState = ScreenState.TransitionOff; } else { // Transition finished! screenState = ScreenState.Hidden; } } else { // Otherwise the screen should transition on and become active. if (UpdateTransition(gameTime, transitionOnTime, -1)) { // Still busy transitioning. screenState = ScreenState.TransitionOn; } else { // Transition finished! screenState = ScreenState.Active; } } } /// <summary> /// Helper for updating the screen transition position. /// </summary> bool UpdateTransition(GameTime gameTime, TimeSpan time, int direction) { // How much should we move by? float transitionDelta; if (time == TimeSpan.Zero) transitionDelta = 1; else transitionDelta = (float)(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds / time.TotalMilliseconds); // Update the transition position. transitionPosition += transitionDelta * direction; // Did we reach the end of the transition? if (((direction < 0) && (transitionPosition <= 0)) || ((direction > 0) && (transitionPosition >= 1))) { transitionPosition = MathHelper.Clamp(transitionPosition, 0, 1); return false; } // Otherwise we are still busy transitioning. return true; } /// <summary> /// Allows the screen to handle user input. Unlike Update, this method /// is only called when the screen is active, and not when some other /// screen has taken the focus. /// </summary> public virtual void HandleInput(InputState input) { } public KeyboardState currentKeyState; public KeyboardState lastKeyState; public bool IsKeyHit(Keys key) { if (currentKeyState.IsKeyDown(key) && lastKeyState.IsKeyUp(key)) return true; return false; } /// <summary> /// This is called when the screen should draw itself. /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { } #endregion #region Public Methods /// <summary> /// Tells the screen to serialize its state into the given stream. /// </summary> public virtual void Serialize(Stream stream) { } /// <summary> /// Tells the screen to deserialize its state from the given stream. /// </summary> public virtual void Deserialize(Stream stream) { } /// <summary> /// Tells the screen to go away. Unlike ScreenManager.RemoveScreen, which /// instantly kills the screen, this method respects the transition timings /// and will give the screen a chance to gradually transition off. /// </summary> public void ExitScreen() { if (TransitionOffTime == TimeSpan.Zero) { // If the screen has a zero transition time, remove it immediately. ScreenManager.RemoveScreen(this); } else { // Otherwise flag that it should transition off and then exit. isExiting = true; } } #endregion #region Helper Methods /// <summary> /// A helper method which loads assets using the screen manager's /// associated game content loader. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T">Type of asset.</typeparam> /// <param name="assetName">Asset name, relative to the loader root /// directory, and not including the .xnb extension.</param> /// <returns></returns> public T Load<T>(string assetName) { return ScreenManager.Game.Content.Load<T>(assetName); } #endregion } }

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CodePlex Daily Summary for Wednesday, November 23, 2011

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It helps to reproduce bugs and can be used with other logging systems.Ideopuzzle: A puzzle gameImageShack-Uploader: This project demonstrates how to upload files automated to imageshack.us and other image hosters with C#.Insert Acronym Tags: Lets you insert <acronym> and <abbr> tags into your blog entry more easily.Insert Quick Link: Allows you to paste a link into the Writer window and have the a window similar to the one in Writer where you can change what text is to appear, open in new window, etc.Insert Video Plugin: Allows you to insert a video into a blog entry from a multitude of different sitesIoCWrap: Provides a wrapper to the various IoC container implementations so that it is possible to switch to a different provider without changing any application code.kaveepoj: sharepoint projectKinect Quiz Engine: Fun quiz game for the Kinect.Klaverjas: Test application for testing different new technologies in .NET (WCF, DataServices, C# stuff, Entity...etc.)Man In The Middle: A cyberpunk themed action with puzzle and strategy elements. Made with XNA as part of a game development course at the IT University of Copenhagen by Bo Bendtsen, Jonas Flensbak, Daniel Kromand, Jess Rahbek & Darryl Woodford.MediaSelektor: Simple tool to select mediasMicajah Mindtouch Deki Wiki Copier: Small C# application to move data between 2 Deki Wiki installs or, more importantly, from a wik.is account to a locally installed systemMineFlagger: MineFlagger is a mine clearing game modeled after Microsoft’s Minesweeper. In addition to standard play, MineFlagger incorporates an AI for fun and training.myXbyqwrhjadsfasfhgf: myXbyqwrhjadsfasfhgfnatoop: natoopNauplius.KeyStore: Provides secure application key storage backed by SQL 2008 and Active Directory.ObjectDB: An object database written using C# 4 and Mono.Cecil.PaceR: PaceR is an attempt to encapsulate a lot of the common code functionality I use on different projects. Instead of recreating functionality from memory or worse, copying from older projects, I'd like to have a central location to maintain this common code. Parseq: Parseq is a Parser Combinator library written in C# (version 2.0).PowerShell Network Adapter Configuration module: PowerShell Network Adapter Configuration module is a PowerShell module which provides functions for managing network adapters using WMI.public traffic tracker: This is a university project for a .net course. We develop a public traffic tracker applications for Windows Phone 7 devices, that can give information about the actual positions of the nearest vehicle on a given line. The speciality is that we use only the GPS information of the users' WP7 devices, so this is a completely software solution without any hardware investment. The disatvantage is that for the real operation we would need a lot of active WP7 user.puyo: puyoRadioTroll: Projeto web Radio TrollRead Feed Community: Read Feed CommunityReviewer: Reviewer.dk - Dansk spil og anmeldelsessite.Rollout Sharepoint Solutions - ROSS: ROSS performs the following actions: - Delete sitecollection and restart services - 'Get Latest Version' from SourceSafe - Rebuild Solution - Install all wsp solutions - Create SiteCollections - Check for build en provisioning errors - Send email to developers if errors occurredSchool Management: school managementSQL File Executer: This project is a class library written in c# which is used for executing *.sql files in remote server. Simply one dll file. You include it in your web project, add using statement at the top of your page, pass the parameters inside. Rest, it will do.Startup Manager: Startup Manager launches all startup programs at a managed rate therefore meaning that your computer doesn't crash everytime it starts up and you can use it immediately.stetic: ...Test Infrastructure Guidance: The purpose of this project is to provide guidance to testers in using TFS effectively as an ALM solution. TFS is much more than a simple code repository. Used with Visual Studio it can form a powerful testing solution and remove a lot of pain in dealing with test infrastructure overhead.Tête-à-tête: Tete-a-tete is an address book with a built-in function to send electronic mail over the Internet.Tipeysh! - Add-in that helps you creating C/C++ header files on a single click: Are you also feel miserable when you need to create a new header file in your Visual Studio C/C++ project? Repeatedly choosing "new header file", then writing the annoying (but needed) "#ifndef" section, then writing the class name with it's "private", "protected" and "public" access modifiers... too much clicks and typewriting! Well, there is a solution: Tipeysh! is a simple, easy to use, very handy and configurable Visual Studio Add-In, compatible for both the 2005 and 2008 versions. Once ...UMN Dashboard Project: academic projUsersMOSS: UsersMOSS est une petite application permettant de consulter sur un serveur MOSS les sites web (SPWeb) les users (SPUser), et les groupes (SPGroup). Cette application utilise le modèle objet de MOSS pour inspecter le contenu des objets d'un serveur MOSS. Cette application est loin d'être professionnelle, ou même terminée, mais elle me rend très souvent service. Surtout ne l'utilisez pas sur un serveur de production car le gestion du GC n'est pas faite, ce qui peut provoquer des plantages de v...UtilityLibrary.Win32: UtilityLibrary.Win32UW iLearn: The iLearn activity inference platform is a suite of desktop and mobile tools for logging, modeling, and classifying sensor data for mobile devices. It was created at the University of Washington.VsDocGen: Dynamic javascript documentation generation directly from xml comment documented source code.Windows Live Spaces Photo Album plugin: This is going to be a plugin for Windows Live Writer that will allow you to browse a Windows Live Space Photo Album.Windows Live Writer Plugin for Amazon Books using CueCat: This Windows Live Writer Plugin is for users who use WLW and wish to use their CueCat to scan books. ItemLookups are run against Amazon via its AWS and book image, title, author, and publisher is returned. This project was first created by Scott Hanselman on MSDN's Coding4Fun! X7: X7 makes it easier for win7user to clean the system. You'll no longer have to delete useless stuff in your win7. It's developed in bat.xDT - Commander: Using this application, the user can assign shortcuts (short texts) for various links/URLs. These short texts will be typed into a Textbox to then launch/go to the target (similar to the "Run" program in Windows).

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Memory leak involving jQuery Ajax requests

- by Eli Courtwright

I have a webpage that's leaking memory in both IE8 and Firefox; the memory usage displayed in the Windows Process Explorer just keeps growing over time. The following page requests the "unplanned.json" url, which is a static file that never changes (though I do set my Cache-control HTTP header to no-cache to make sure that the Ajax request always goes through). When it gets the results, it clears out an HTML table, loops over the json array it got back from the server, and dynamically adds a row to an HTML table for each entry in the array. Then it waits 2 seconds and repeats this process. Here's the entire webpage: <html> <head> <title>Test Page</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> function kickoff() { $.getJSON("unplanned.json", resetTable); } function resetTable(rows) { $("#content tbody").empty(); for(var i=0; i<rows.length; i++) { $("<tr>" + "<td>" + rows[i].mpe_name + "</td>" + "<td>" + rows[i].bin + "</td>" + "<td>" + rows[i].request_time + "</td>" + "<td>" + rows[i].filtered_delta + "</td>" + "<td>" + rows[i].failed_delta + "</td>" + "</tr>").appendTo("#content tbody"); } setTimeout(kickoff, 2000); } $(kickoff); </script> <table id="content" border="1" style="width:100% ; text-align:center"> <thead><tr> <th>MPE</th> <th>Bin</th> <th>When</th> <th>Filtered</th> <th>Failed</th> </tr></thead> <tbody></tbody> </table> </body> </html> If it helps, here's an example of the json I'm sending back (it's this exact array wuith thousands of entries instead of just one): [ { mpe_name: "DBOSS-995", request_time: "09/18/2009 11:51:06", bin: 4, filtered_delta: 1, failed_delta: 1 } ] EDIT: I've accepted Toran's extremely helpful answer, but I feel I should post some additional code, since his removefromdom jQuery plugin has some limitations: It only removes individual elements. So you can't give it a query like `$("#content tbody tr")` and expect it to remove all of the elements you've specified. Any element that you remove with it must have an `id` attribute. So if I want to remove my `tbody`, then I must assign an `id` to my `tbody` tag or else it will give an error. It removes the element itself and all of its descendants, so if you simply want to empty that element then you'll have to re-create it afterwards (or modify the plugin to empty instead of remove). So here's my page above modified to use Toran's plugin. For the sake of simplicity I didn't apply any of the general performance advice offered by Peter. Here's the page which now no longer memory leaks: <html> <head> <title>Test Page</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript">  </script> <div id="message" style="color:red"></div> <table id="content" border="1" style="width:100% ; text-align:center"> <thead><tr> <th>MPE</th> <th>Bin</th> <th>When</th> <th>Filtered</th> <th>Failed</th> </tr></thead> <tbody id="id_field_required"></tbody> </table> </body> </html> FURTHER EDIT: I'll leave my question unchanged, though it's worth noting that this memory leak has nothing to do with Ajax. In fact, the following code would memory leak just the same and be just as easily solved with Toran's removefromdom jQuery plugin: function resetTable() { $("#content tbody").empty(); for(var i=0; i<1000; i++) { $("#content tbody").append("<tr><td>" + "DBOSS-095" + "</td>" + "<td>" + 4 + "</td>" + "<td>" + "09/18/2009 11:51:06" + "</td>" + "<td>" + 1 + "</td>" + "<td>" + 1 + "</td></tr>"); } setTimeout(resetTable, 2000); } $(resetTable);

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saslauthd + PostFix producing password verification and authentication errors

- by Aram Papazian

So I'm trying to setup PostFix while using SASL (Cyrus variety preferred, I was using dovecot earlier but I'm switching from dovecot to courier so I want to use cyrus instead of dovecot) but I seem to be having issues. Here are the errors I'm receiving: ==> mail.log <== Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure ==> mail.info <== Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure ==> mail.warn <== Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed Aug 10 05:11:49 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[779]: warning: ipname[xx.xx.xx.xx]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: authentication failure I tried $testsaslauthd -u xxxx -p xxxx 0: OK "Success." So I know that the password/user I'm using is correct. I'm thinking that most likely I have a setting wrong somewhere, but can't seem to find where. Here is my files. Here is my main.cf for postfix: # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. myorigin = /etc/mailname # This is already done in /etc/mailname #myhostname = crazyinsanoman.xxxxx.com smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name #biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. #append_dot_mydomain = no readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.cert smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.key smtpd_use_tls = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # Relay smtp through another server or leave blank to do it yourself #relayhost = smtp.yourisp.com # Network details; Accept connections from anywhere, and only trust this machine mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 inet_interfaces = all #mynetworks_style = host #As we will be using virtual domains, these need to be empty local_recipient_maps = mydestination = # how long if undelivered before sending "delayed mail" warning update to sender delay_warning_time = 4h # will it be a permanent error or temporary unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450 # how long to keep message on queue before return as failed. # some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people # whom go on holiday with their server switched off. maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d # max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed minimal_backoff_time = 1000s maximal_backoff_time = 8000s # how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data smtp_helo_timeout = 60s # how many address can be used in one message. # effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list # but may restrict intentional mail shots. smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 # how many error before back off. smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 # how many max errors before blocking it. smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 # Requirements for the HELO statement smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit # Requirements for the sender details smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit # Requirements for the connecting server smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org # Requirement for the recipient address smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination, permit smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining # require proper helo at connections smtpd_helo_required = yes # waste spammers time before rejecting them smtpd_delay_reject = yes disable_vrfy_command = yes # not sure of the difference of the next two # but they are needed for local aliasing alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/vmail # this is for the mailbox location for each user virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf # and this is for aliases virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf # and this is for domain lookups virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf # this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there) # not used yet # transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf # Setup the uid/gid of the owner of the mail files - static:5000 allows virtual ones virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 inet_protocols=all # Cyrus SASL Support smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd smtpd_sasl_local_domain = xxxxx.com ####################### ## OLD CONFIGURATION ## ####################### #myorigin = /etc/mailname #mydestination = crazyinsanoman.xxxxx.com, localhost, localhost.localdomain #mailbox_size_limit = 0 #recipient_delimiter = + #html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix/html message_size_limit = 30720000 #virtual_alias_domains = ##virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual #virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail ##luser_relay = webmaster #smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot #smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes #smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination #virtual_create_maildirsize = yes #virtual_maildir_extended = yes #proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps #virtual_transport = dovecot #dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 Here is my master.cf: # # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd submission inet n - - - - smtpd -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # cyrus unix - n n - - pipe user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} #dovecot unix - n n - - pipe # flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient} Here is what I'm using for /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf log_level: 7 pwcheck_method: saslauthd pwcheck_method: auxprop mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5 allow_plaintext: true auxprop_plugin: mysql sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1 sql_user: xxxxx sql_passwd: xxxxx sql_database: maildb sql_select: select crypt from users where id = '%u' As you can see I'm trying to use mysql as my authentication method. The password in 'users' is set through the 'ENCRYPT()' function. I also followed the methods found in http://www.jimmy.co.at/weblog/?p=52 in order to redo /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd as that seems to be a lot of people's problems, but that didn't help at all. Also, here is my /etc/default/saslauthd START=yes DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon" NAME="saslauthd" # Which authentication mechanisms should saslauthd use? (default: pam) # # Available options in this Debian package: # getpwent -- use the getpwent() library function # kerberos5 -- use Kerberos 5 # pam -- use PAM # rimap -- use a remote IMAP server # shadow -- use the local shadow password file # sasldb -- use the local sasldb database file # ldap -- use LDAP (configuration is in /etc/saslauthd.conf) # # Only one option may be used at a time. See the saslauthd man page # for more information. # # Example: MECHANISMS="pam" MECHANISMS="pam" MECH_OPTIONS="" THREADS=5 OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r" I had heard that potentially changing MECHANISM to MECHANISMS="mysql" but obviously that didn't help as is shown by the options listed above and also by trying it out anyway in case the documentation was outdated. So, I'm now at a loss... I have no idea where to go from here or what steps I need to do to get this working =/ Anyone have any ideas? EDIT: Here is the error that is coming from auth.log ... I don't know if this will help at all, but here you go: Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql auxprop plugin using mysql engine Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: begin transaction Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from userPassword user xxxxxx.com Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]'; Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from cmusaslsecretPLAIN user xxxxxx.com Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]'; Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: commit transaction Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1' Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: begin transaction Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from userPassword user xxxxxx.com Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]'; Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin create statement from cmusaslsecretPLAIN user xxxxxx.com Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin doing query select crypt from users where id = '[email protected]'; Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: commit transaction Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin Parse the username [email protected] Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin try and connect to a host Aug 11 17:19:56 crazyinsanoman postfix/smtpd[9503]: sql plugin trying to open db 'maildb' on host '127.0.0.1'

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Benchmark Linq2SQL, Subsonic2, Subsonic3 - Any other ideas to make them faster ?

- by Aristos

I am working with Subsonic 2 more than 3 years now... After Linq appears and then Subsonic 3, I start thinking about moving to the new Linq futures that are connected to sql. I must say that I start move and port my subsonic 2 with SubSonic 3, and very soon I discover that the speed was so slow thats I didn't believe it - and starts all that tests. Then I test Linq2Sql and see also a delay - compare it with Subsonic 2. My question here is, especial for the linq2sql, and the up-coming dotnet version 4, what else can I do to speed it up ? What else on linq2sql settings, or classes, not on this code that I have used for my messures I place here the project that I make the tests, also the screen shots of the results. How I make the tests - and the accurate of my measures. I use only for my question Google chrome, because its difficult for me to show here a lot of other measures that I have done with more complex programs. This is the most simple one, I just measure the Data Read. How can I prove that. I make a simple Thread.Sleep(10 seconds) and see if I see that 10 seconds on Google Chrome Measure, and yes I see it. here are more test with this Sleep thead to see whats actually Chrome gives. 10 seconds delay 100 ms delay Zero delay There is only a small 15ms thats get on messure, is so small compare it with the rest of my tests that I do not care about. So what I measure I measure just the data read via each method - did not count the data or database delay, or any disk read or anything like that. Later on the image with the result I show that no disk activity exist on the measures See this image to see what really I measure and if this is correct Why I chose this kind of test Its simple, it's real, and it's near my real problem that I found the delay of subsonic 3 in real program with real data. Now lets tests the dals Start by see this image I have 4-5 calls on every method, the one after the other. The results are. For a loop of 100 times, ask for 5 Rows, one not exist, approximatively.. Simple adonet:81ms SubSonic 2 :210ms linq2sql :1.70sec linq2sql using CompiledQuery.Compile :239ms Subsonic 3 :15.00sec (wow - extreme slow) The project http://www.planethost.gr/DalSpeedTests.rar Can any one confirm this benchmark, or make any optimizations to help me out ? Other tests Some one publish here this link http://ormbattle.net/ (and then remove it - don not know why) In this page you can find a really useful advanced tests for all, except subsonic 2 and subsonic 3 that I have here ! Optimizing What I really ask here is if some one can now any trick how to optimize the DALs, not by changing the test code, but by changing the code and the settings on each dal. For example... Optimizing Linq2SQL I start search how to optimize Linq2sql and found this article, and maybe more exist. Finally I make the tricks from that page to run, and optimize the code using them all. The speed was near 1.50sec from 1.70.... big improvement, but still slow. Then I found a different way - same idea article, and wow ! the speed is blow up. Using this trick with CompiledQuery.Compile, the time from 1.5sec is now 239ms. Here is the code for the precompiled... Func<DataClassesDataContext, int, IQueryable<Product>> compiledQuery = CompiledQuery.Compile((DataClassesDataContext meta, int IdToFind) => (from myData in meta.Products where myData.ProductID.Equals(IdToFind) select myData)); StringBuilder Test = new StringBuilder(); int[] MiaSeira = { 5, 6, 10, 100, 7 }; using (DataClassesDataContext context = new DataClassesDataContext()) { context.ObjectTrackingEnabled = false; for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { foreach (int EnaID in MiaSeira) { var oFindThat2P = compiledQuery(context, EnaID); foreach (Product One in oFindThat2P) { Test.Append("<br />"); Test.Append(One.ProductName); } } } } Optimizing SubSonic 3 and problems I make many performance profiling, and start change the one after the other and the speed is better but still too slow. I post them on subsonic group but they ignore the problem, they say that everything is fast... Here is some capture of my profiling and delay points inside subsonic source code I have end up that subsonic3 make more call on the structure of the database rather than on data itself. Needs to reconsider the hole way of asking for data, and follow the subsonic2 idea if this is possible. Try to make precompile to subsonic 3 like I did in linq2Sql but fail for the moment... Optimizing SubSonic 2 After I discover that subsonic 3 is extreme slow, I start my checks on subsonic 2 - that I have never done before believing that is fast. (and it is) So its come up with some points that can be faster. For example there are many loops like this ones that actually is slow because of string manipulation and compares inside the loop. I must say to you that this code called million of times ! on a period of few minutes ! of data asking from the program. On small amount of tables and small fields maybe this is not a big think for some people, but on large amount of tables, the delay is even more. So I decide and optimize the subsonic 2 by my self, by replacing the string compares, with number compares! Simple. I do that almost on every point that profiler say that is slow. I change also all small points that can be even a little faster, and disable some not so used thinks. The results, 5% faster on NorthWind database, near 20% faster on my database with 250 tables. That is count with 500ms less in 10 seconds process on northwind, 100ms faster on my database on 500ms process time. I do not have captures to show you for that because I have made them with different code, different time, and track them down on paper. Anyway this is my story and my question on all that, what else do you know to make them even faster... For this measures I have use Subsonic 2.2 optimized by me, Subsonic 3.0.0.3 a little optimized by me, and Dot.Net 3.5

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Silverlight 4 + WCF RIA - Data Service Design Best Practices

- by Chadd Nervig

Hey all. I realize this is a rather long question, but I'd really appreciate any help from anyone experienced with RIA services. Thanks! I'm working on a Silverlight 4 app that views data from the server. I'm relatively inexperienced with RIA Services, so have been working through the tasks of getting the data I need down to the client, but every new piece I add to the puzzle seems to be more and more problematic. I feel like I'm missing some basic concepts here, and it seems like I'm just 'hacking' pieces on, in time-consuming ways, each one breaking the previous ones as I try to add them. I'd love to get the feedback of developers experienced with RIA services, to figure out the intended way to do what I'm trying to do. Let me lay out what I'm trying to do: First, the data. The source of this data is a variety of sources, primarily created by a shared library which reads data from our database, and exposes it as POCOs (Plain Old CLR Objects). I'm creating my own POCOs to represent the different types of data I need to pass between server and client. DataA - This app is for viewing a certain type of data, lets call DataA, in near-realtime. Every 3 minutes, the client should pull data down from the server, of all the new DataA since the last time it requested data. DataB - Users can view the DataA objects in the app, and may select one of them from the list, which displays additional details about that DataA. I'm bringing these extra details down from the server as DataB. DataC - One of the things that DataB contains is a history of a couple important values over time. I'm calling each data point of this history a DataC object, and each DataB object contains many DataCs. The Data Model - On the server side, I have a single DomainService: [EnableClientAccess] public class MyDomainService : DomainService { public IEnumerable<DataA> GetDataA(DateTime? startDate) { /*Pieces together the DataAs that have been created since startDate, and returns them*/ } public DataB GetDataB(int dataAID) { /*Looks up the extended info for that dataAID, constructs a new DataB with that DataA's data, plus the extended info (with multiple DataCs in a List<DataC> property on the DataB), and returns it*/ } //Not exactly sure why these are here, but I think it //wouldn't compile without them for some reason? The data //is entirely read-only, so I don't need to update. public void UpdateDataA(DataA dataA) { throw new NotSupportedException(); } public void UpdateDataB(DataB dataB) { throw new NotSupportedException(); } } The classes for DataA/B/C look like this: [KnownType(typeof(DataB))] public partial class DataA { [Key] [DataMember] public int DataAID { get; set; } [DataMember] public decimal MyDecimalA { get; set; } [DataMember] public string MyStringA { get; set; } [DataMember] public DataTime MyDateTimeA { get; set; } } public partial class DataB : DataA { [Key] [DataMember] public int DataAID { get; set; } [DataMember] public decimal MyDecimalB { get; set; } [DataMember] public string MyStringB { get; set; } [Include] //I don't know which of these, if any, I need? [Composition] [Association("DataAToC","DataAID","DataAID")] public List<DataC> DataCs { get; set; } } public partial class DataC { [Key] [DataMember] public int DataAID { get; set; } [Key] [DataMember] public DateTime Timestamp { get; set; } [DataMember] public decimal MyHistoricDecimal { get; set; } } I guess a big question I have here is... Should I be using Entities instead of POCOs? Are my classes constructed correctly to be able to pass the data down correctly? Should I be using Invoke methods instead of Query (Get) methods on the DomainService? On the client side, I'm having a number of issues. Surprisingly, one of my biggest ones has been threading. I didn't expect there to be so many threading issues with MyDomainContext. What I've learned is that you only seem to be able to create MyDomainContextObjects on the UI thread, all of the queries you can make are done asynchronously only, and that if you try to fake doing it synchronously by blocking the calling thread until the LoadOperation finishes, you have to do so on a background thread, since it uses the UI thread to make the query. So here's what I've got so far. The app should display a stream of the DataA objects, spreading each 3min chunk of them over the next 3min (so they end up displayed 3min after the occurred, looking like a continuous stream, but only have to be downloaded in 3min bursts). To do this, the main form initializes, creates a private MyDomainContext, and starts up a background worker, which continuously loops in a while(true). On each loop, it checks if it has any DataAs left over to display. If so, it displays that Data, and Thread.Sleep()s until the next DataA is scheduled to be displayed. If it's out of data, it queries for more, using the following methods: public DataA[] GetDataAs(DateTime? startDate) { _loadOperationGetDataACompletion = new AutoResetEvent(false); LoadOperation<DataA> loadOperationGetDataA = null; loadOperationGetDataA = _context.Load(_context.GetDataAQuery(startDate), System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.LoadBehavior.RefreshCurrent, false); loadOperationGetDataA.Completed += new EventHandler(loadOperationGetDataA_Completed); _loadOperationGetDataACompletion.WaitOne(); List<DataA> dataAs = new List<DataA>(); foreach (var dataA in loadOperationGetDataA.Entities) dataAs.Add(dataA); return dataAs.ToArray(); } private static AutoResetEvent _loadOperationGetDataACompletion; private static void loadOperationGetDataA_Completed(object sender, EventArgs e) { _loadOperationGetDataACompletion.Set(); } Seems kind of clunky trying to force it into being synchronous, but since this already is on a background thread, I think this is OK? So far, everything actually works, as much of a hack as it seems like it may be. It's important to note that if I try to run that code on the UI thread, it locks, because it waits on the WaitOne() forever, locking the thread, so it can't make the Load request to the server. So once the data is displayed, users can click on one as it goes by to fill a details pane with the full DataB data about that object. To do that, I have the the details pane user control subscribing to a selection event I have setup, which gets fired when the selection changes (on the UI thread). I use a similar technique there, to get the DataB object: void SelectionService_SelectedDataAChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { DataA dataA = /*Get the selected DataA*/; MyDomainContext context = new MyDomainContext(); var loadOperationGetDataB = context.Load(context.GetDataBQuery(dataA.DataAID), System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.LoadBehavior.RefreshCurrent, false); loadOperationGetDataB.Completed += new EventHandler(loadOperationGetDataB_Completed); } private void loadOperationGetDataB_Completed(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.DataContext = ((LoadOperation<DataB>)sender).Entities.SingleOrDefault(); } Again, it seems kinda hacky, but it works... except on the DataB that it loads, the DataCs list is empty. I've tried all kinds of things there, and I don't see what I'm doing wrong to allow the DataCs to come down with the DataB. I'm about ready to make a 3rd query for the DataCs, but that's screaming even more hackiness to me. It really feels like I'm fighting against the grain here, like I'm doing this in an entirely unintended way. If anyone could offer any assistance, and point out what I'm doing wrong here, I'd very much appreciate it! Thanks!

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Silverlight 2.0 - Can't get the text wrapping behaviour that I want

- by Anthony

I am having trouble getting Silverlight 2.0 to lay out text exactly how I want. I want text with line breaks and embedded links, with wrapping, like HTML text in a web page. Here's the closest that I have come: <UserControl x:Class="FlowPanelTest.Page" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Controls="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Windows.Controls" Width="250" Height="300"> <Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="2" > <Controls:WrapPanel> <TextBlock x:Name="tb1" TextWrapping="Wrap">Short text. </TextBlock> <TextBlock x:Name="tb2" TextWrapping="Wrap">A bit of text. </TextBlock> <TextBlock x:Name="tb3" TextWrapping="Wrap">About half of a line of text.</TextBlock> <TextBlock x:Name="tb4" TextWrapping="Wrap">More than half a line of longer text.</TextBlock> <TextBlock x:Name="tb5" TextWrapping="Wrap">More than one line of text, so it will wrap onto the following line.</TextBlock> </Controls:WrapPanel> </Border> </UserControl> But the issue is that although the text blocks tb1 and tb2 will go onto the same line because there is room enough for them completely, tb3 onwards will not start on the same line as the previous block, even though it will wrap onto following lines. I want each text block to start where the previous one ends, on the same line. I want to put click event handlers on some of the text. I also want paragraph breaks. Essentially I'm trying to work around the lack of FlowDocument and Hyperlink controls in Silverlight 2.0's subset of XAML. To answer the questions posed in the answers: Why not use runs for the non-clickable text? If I just use individual TextBlocks only on the clickable text, then those bits of text will still suffer from the wrapping problem illustrated above. And the TextBlock just before the link, and the TextBlock just after. Essentially all of it. It doesn't look like I have many opportunities for putting multiple runs in the same TextBlock. Dividing the links from the other text with RegExs and loops is not the issue at all, the issue is display layout. Why not put each word in an individual TextBlock in a WrapPanel Aside from being an ugly hack, this does not play at all well with linebreaks - the layout is incorrect. It would also make the underline style of linked text into a broken line. Here's an example with each word in its own TextBlock. Try running it, note that the linebreak isn't shown in the right place at all. <UserControl x:Class="SilverlightApplication2.Page" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:Controls="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Windows.Controls" Width="300" Height="300"> <Controls:WrapPanel> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Short1 </TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longer1 </TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longerest1 </TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap"> <Run>Break</Run> <LineBreak></LineBreak> </TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Short2</TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longer2</TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longerest2</TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Short3</TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longer3</TextBlock> <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap">Longerest3</TextBlock> </Controls:WrapPanel> </UserControl> What about The LinkLabelControl as here and here. It has the same problems as the approach above, since it's much the same. Try running the sample, and make the link text longer and longer until it wraps. Note that the link starts on a new line, which it shouldn't. Make the link text even longer, so that the link text is longer than a line. Note that it doesn't wrap at all, it cuts off. This control doesn't handle line breaks and paragraph breaks either. Why not put the text all in runs, detect clicks on the containing TextBlock and work out which run was clicked Runs do not have mouse events, but the containing TextBlock does. I can't find a way to check if the run is under the mouse (IsMouseOver is not present in SilverLight) or to find the bounding geometry of the run (no clip property). There is VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates() The code below uses VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates to get the controls under the click. The output lists the TextBlock but not the Run, since a Run is not a UiElement. private void theText_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { // get the elements under the click UIElement uiElementSender = sender as UIElement; Point clickPos = e.GetPosition(uiElementSender); var UiElementsUnderClick = VisualTreeHelper.FindElementsInHostCoordinates(clickPos, uiElementSender); // show the controls string outputText = ""; foreach (var uiElement in UiElementsUnderClick) { outputText += uiElement.GetType().ToString() + "\n"; } this.outText.Text = outputText; } Use an empty text block with a margin to space following content onto a following line I'm still thinking about this one. How do you calculate the right width for a line-breaking block to force following content onto the following line? Too short and the following content will still be on the same line, at the right. Too long and the "linebreak" will be on the following line, with content after it. You would have to resize the breaks when the control is resized. Some of the code for this is: TextBlock lineBreak = new TextBlock(); lineBreak.TextWrapping = TextWrapping.Wrap; lineBreak.Text = " "; // need adaptive width lineBreak.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 200, 0);

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Unable to receive any emails using postfix, dovecot, mysql, and virtual domain/mailboxes

- by stkdev248

I have been working on configuring my mail server for the last couple of weeks using postfix, dovecot, and mysql. I have one virtual domain and a few virtual mailboxes. Using squirrelmail I have been able to log into my accounts and send emails out (e.g. I can send to googlemail just fine), however I am not able to receive any emails--not from the outside world nor from within my own network. I am able to telnet in using localhost, my private ip, and my public ip on port 25 without any problems (I've tried it from the server itself and from another computer on my network). This is what I get in my logs when I send an email from my googlemail account to my mail server: mail.log Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: BE01B520538: from=, size=733, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3371]: 78BC0520510: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=45421, delays=45421/0/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3391]: 8261B520534: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38036, delays=38036/0.06/0/0.12, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3378]: 63927520532: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38105, delays=38105/0.02/0/0.17, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3375]: 07F65520522: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=39467, delays=39467/0.01/0/0.17, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3381]: EEDE9520527: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38361, delays=38360/0.04/0/0.15, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3379]: 67DFF520517: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=40475, delays=40475/0.03/0/0.16, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3387]: 3C7A052052E: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38259, delays=38259/0.05/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix/pipe[3394]: BE01B520538: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=37682, delays=37682/0.07/0/0.11, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:36:07 server1 postfix/pipe[3384]: 3C7A052052E: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=38261, delays=38259/0.04/0/1.3, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:209.85.213.169) at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:209.85.213.169) at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix/anvil[3368]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Apr 14 07:35:32 Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: ED6005203B7: from=, size=1463, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix/pipe[4594]: ED6005203B7: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=334, delays=334/0.01/0/0.13, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) Apr 14 07:51:06 server1 postfix/qmgr[1721]: ED6005203B7: from=, size=1463, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 14 07:51:06 server1 postfix/pipe[4604]: ED6005203B7: to=, relay=dovecot, delay=933, delays=933/0.02/0/0.12, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ) mail-dovecot-log (the log I set for debugging): Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Info: mysql(127.0.0.1): Connected to database postfixadmin Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: sql([email protected],127.0.0.1): query: SELECT password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: client out: OK 1 [email protected] Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: master in: REQUEST 1809973249 3356 1 7cfb822db820fc5da67d0776b107cb3f Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: sql([email protected],127.0.0.1): SELECT '/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1' as home, 5000 AS uid, 5000 AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = '[email protected]' Apr 14 07:28:26 auth: Debug: master out: USER 1809973249 [email protected] home=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1 uid=5000 gid=5000 Apr 14 07:28:26 imap-login: Info: Login: user=, method=PLAIN, rip=127.0.0.1, lip=127.0.0.1, mpid=3360, secured Apr 14 07:28:26 imap([email protected]): Debug: Effective uid=5000, gid=5000, home=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1 Apr 14 07:28:26 imap([email protected]): Debug: maildir++: root=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir, index=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir/indexes, control=, inbox=/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1/Maildir Apr 14 07:48:31 imap([email protected]): Info: Disconnected: Logged out bytes=85/681 From the output above I'm pretty sure that my problems all stem from (temporary failure. Command output: Can't open log file /var/log/mail-dovecot.log: Permission denied ), but I have no idea why I'm getting that error. I've have the permissions to that log set just like the other mail logs: root@server1:~# ls -l /var/log/mail* -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 196653 2012-04-14 07:58 /var/log/mail-dovecot.log -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 62778 2012-04-13 21:04 /var/log/mail.err -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 497767 2012-04-14 08:01 /var/log/mail.log Does anyone have any idea what I may be doing wrong? Here are my main.cf and master.cf files: main.cf: # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = server1.mydomain.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all # Virtual Configs virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf relay_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_relay_domains.cf smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_invalid_hostname smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous virtual_transport=dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 master.cf: # # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient}

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How to go about converting this classic asp to asp.net

- by Phil

I have some classic asp code that needs converting to asp.net. So far I have tried to achieve this using datareaders and repeaters and had no luck as the menu loops through 4 different record sets, passing along the menuNid before moving to the next record. Please can you tell me what method you would use to conver this code... i.e datareaders? dataset? etc? Thanks <% set RSMenuLevel0 = conn.execute("select id, DepartmentID, GroupingID, Heading, OrderID, Publish, moduleid, url, urltarget " &_ "from T where (DepartmentID = 0 and GroupingID = 0 and Publish <> 0) order by OrderID") %> <% if session("JavaScriptEnabled") = "False" Then %> <% while not RSMenuLevel0.EOF if RSMenuLevel0("Publish") <> 0 then Menu0heading = RSMenuLevel0("Heading") Menu0id = RSMenuLevel0("id") %> <%if RSMenuLevel0("url") > "" and RSMenuLevel0("moduleid") = 0 then%>  <a href="http://<%=RSMenuLevel0("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel0("urltarget")%>"><%=Menu0heading%></a> <%else%>  <a href="/default.asp?id=<%=Menu0id%>"><%=Menu0heading%></a> <%end if%> <% end if RSMenuLevel0.MoveNext wend %> <% else %> <ul id="Menu1" class="MM"> <%if home <> 1 then%>  <%end if%> <% numone=0 while not RSMenuLevel0.EOF ' numone = numone + 1 Menu0heading = RSMenuLevel0("Heading") 'itemID = lcase(replace(Menu0heading," ","")) Menu0id = RSMenuLevel0("id") if RSMenuLevel0("url") > "" and RSMenuLevel0("moduleid") = 0 then url = RSMenuLevel0("url") if instr(url,"file:///") > 0 then %> <li><a href="<%=RSMenuLevel0("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel0("urltarget")%>" <%if numone=1 then%>class="CURRENT"<%end if%>><span class="item"><%=Menu0heading%></span></a> <%else%> <li><a href="http://<%=RSMenuLevel0("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel0("urltarget")%>" <%if numone=1 then%>class="CURRENT"<%end if%>><span class="item"><%=Menu0heading%></span></a> <%end if%> <%else%> <li><a href="/default.asp?id=<%=RSMenuLevel0("id")%>" <%if numone=1 then%>class="CURRENT"<%end if%>><span class="item"><%=Menu0heading%></span></a> <%end if%> <% set RSMenuLevel1 = conn.execute("select id, DepartmentID, GroupingID, Heading, OrderID, Publish, moduleid, url, urltarget " &_ "from T where (DepartmentID = 0 and GroupingID = " & Menu0id & " and Publish <> 0) order by OrderID") if not RSMenuLevel1.EOF then %> <ul> <% while not RSMenuLevel1.EOF Menu1heading = RSMenuLevel1("Heading") Menu1id = RSMenuLevel1("id") if RSMenuLevel1("url") > "" and RSMenuLevel1("moduleid") = 0 then url = RSMenuLevel1("url") if instr(url,"file:///") > 0 then %> <li><a href="<%=RSMenuLevel1("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel1("urltarget")%>"><%=Menu1heading%></a> <%else%> <li><a href="http://<%=RSMenuLevel1("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel1("urltarget")%>"><%=Menu1heading%></a> <%end if%> <%else%> <li><a href="/default.asp?id=<%=RSMenuLevel1("id")%>"><%=Menu1heading%></a> <%end if%> <% set RSMenuLevel2 = conn.execute("select id, DepartmentID, GroupingID, Heading, OrderID, Publish, moduleid, url, urltarget " &_ "from T where (DepartmentID = 0 and GroupingID = " & Menu1id & " and Publish <> 0) order by OrderID") if not RSMenuLevel2.EOF then %> <ul> <% while not RSMenuLevel2.EOF Menu2heading = RSMenuLevel2("Heading") Menu2id = RSMenuLevel2("id") if RSMenuLevel2("url") > "" and RSMenuLevel2("moduleid") = 0 then %> <li><a href="http://<%=RSMenuLevel2("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel2("urltarget")%>"><%=Menu2heading%></a> <%else%> <li><a href="/default.asp?id=<%=RSMenuLevel2("id")%>"><%=Menu2heading%></a> <%end if%> <% set RSMenuLevel3 = conn.execute("select id, DepartmentID, GroupingID, Heading, OrderID, Publish, moduleid, url, urltarget " &_ "from T where (DepartmentID = 0 and GroupingID = " & Menu2id & " and Publish <> 0) order by OrderID") if not RSMenuLevel3.EOF then %> <ul> <% while not RSMenuLevel3.EOF Menu3heading = RSMenuLevel3("Heading") Menu3id = RSMenuLevel3("id") if RSMenuLevel3("url") > "" and RSMenuLevel3("moduleid") = 0 then %> <li><a href="http://<%=RSMenuLevel3("url")%>" target="<%=RSMenuLevel3("urltarget")%>"><%=Menu3heading%></a></li> <%else%> <li><a href="/default.asp?id=<%=RSMenuLevel3("id")%>"><%=Menu3heading%></a></li> <%end if%> <% RSMenuLevel3.MoveNext wend %> </ul> <% end if RSMenuLevel2.MoveNext %> </li> <% wend %> </ul> <% end if RSMenuLevel1.MoveNext %> </li> <% wend %> </ul> <% end if RSMenuLevel0.MoveNext %> </li> <% wend %> </ul> <% end if %>

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g++ SSE intrinsics dilemma - value from intrinsic "saturates"

- by Sriram

Hi, I wrote a simple program to implement SSE intrinsics for computing the inner product of two large (100000 or more elements) vectors. The program compares the execution time for both, inner product computed the conventional way and using intrinsics. Everything works out fine, until I insert (just for the fun of it) an inner loop before the statement that computes the inner product. Before I go further, here is the code: //this is a sample Intrinsics program to compute inner product of two vectors and compare Intrinsics with traditional method of doing things. #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <xmmintrin.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; typedef float v4sf __attribute__ ((vector_size(16))); double innerProduct(float* arr1, int len1, float* arr2, int len2) { //assume len1 = len2. float result = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < len1; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < len1; j++) { result += (arr1[i] * arr2[i]); } } //float y = 1.23e+09; //cout << "y = " << y << endl; return result; } double sse_v4sf_innerProduct(float* arr1, int len1, float* arr2, int len2) { //assume that len1 = len2. if(len1 != len2) { cout << "Lengths not equal." << endl; exit(1); } /*steps: * 1. load a long-type (4 float) into a v4sf type data from both arrays. * 2. multiply the two. * 3. multiply the same and store result. * 4. add this to previous results. */ v4sf arr1Data, arr2Data, prevSums, multVal, xyz; //__builtin_ia32_xorps(prevSums, prevSums); //making it equal zero. //can explicitly load 0 into prevSums using loadps or storeps (Check). float temp[4] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0}; prevSums = __builtin_ia32_loadups(temp); float result = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < (len1 - 3); i += 4) { for(int j = 0; j < len1; j++) { arr1Data = __builtin_ia32_loadups(&arr1[i]); arr2Data = __builtin_ia32_loadups(&arr2[i]); //store the contents of two arrays. multVal = __builtin_ia32_mulps(arr1Data, arr2Data); //multiply. xyz = __builtin_ia32_addps(multVal, prevSums); prevSums = xyz; } } //prevSums will hold the sums of 4 32-bit floating point values taken at a time. Individual entries in prevSums also need to be added. __builtin_ia32_storeups(temp, prevSums); //store prevSums into temp. cout << "Values of temp:" << endl; for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) cout << temp[i] << endl; result += temp[0] + temp[1] + temp[2] + temp[3]; return result; } int main() { clock_t begin, end; int length = 100000; float *arr1, *arr2; double result_Conventional, result_Intrinsic; // printStats("Allocating memory."); arr1 = new float[length]; arr2 = new float[length]; // printStats("End allocation."); srand(time(NULL)); //init random seed. // printStats("Initializing array1 and array2"); begin = clock(); for(int i = 0; i < length; i++) { // for(int j = 0; j < length; j++) { // arr1[i] = rand() % 10 + 1; arr1[i] = 2.5; // arr2[i] = rand() % 10 - 1; arr2[i] = 2.5; // } } end = clock(); cout << "Time to initialize array1 and array2 = " << ((double) (end - begin)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl; // printStats("Finished initialization."); // printStats("Begin inner product conventionally."); begin = clock(); result_Conventional = innerProduct(arr1, length, arr2, length); end = clock(); cout << "Time to compute inner product conventionally = " << ((double) (end - begin)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl; // printStats("End inner product conventionally."); // printStats("Begin inner product using Intrinsics."); begin = clock(); result_Intrinsic = sse_v4sf_innerProduct(arr1, length, arr2, length); end = clock(); cout << "Time to compute inner product with intrinsics = " << ((double) (end - begin)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl; //printStats("End inner product using Intrinsics."); cout << "Results: " << endl; cout << " result_Conventional = " << result_Conventional << endl; cout << " result_Intrinsics = " << result_Intrinsic << endl; return 0; } I use the following g++ invocation to build this: g++ -W -Wall -O2 -pedantic -march=i386 -msse intrinsics_SSE_innerProduct.C -o innerProduct Each of the loops above, in both the functions, runs a total of N^2 times. However, given that arr1 and arr2 (the two floating point vectors) are loaded with a value 2.5, the length of the array is 100,000, the result in both cases should be 6.25e+10. The results I get are: Results: result_Conventional = 6.25e+10 result_Intrinsics = 5.36871e+08 This is not all. It seems that the value returned from the function that uses intrinsics "saturates" at the value above. I tried putting other values for the elements of the array and different sizes too. But it seems that any value above 1.0 for the array contents and any size above 1000 meets with the same value we see above. Initially, I thought it might be because all operations within SSE are in floating point, but floating point should be able to store a number that is of the order of e+08. I am trying to see where I could be going wrong but cannot seem to figure it out. I am using g++ version: g++ (GCC) 4.4.1 20090725 (Red Hat 4.4.1-2). Any help on this is most welcome. Thanks, Sriram.

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(PHP) Validation, Security and Speed - Does my app have these?

- by Devner

Hi all, I am currently working on a building community website in PHP. This contains forms that a user can fill right from registration to lot of other functionality. I am not an Object-oriented guy, so I am using functions most of the time to handle my application. I know I have to learn OOPS, but currently need to develop this website and get it running soon. Anyway, here's a sample of what I let my app. do: Consider a page (register.php) that has a form where a user has 3 fields to fill up, say: First Name, Last Name and Email. Upon submission of this form, I want to validate the form and show the corresponding errors to the users: <form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"> <label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" /><br /> <label for="lname">Last Name:</label> <input type="text" name="lname" id="lname" /><br /> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" /><br /> <input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> This form will POST the info to the same page. So here's the code that will process the POST'ed info: <?php require("functions.php"); if( isset($_POST['submit']) ) { $errors = fn_register(); if( count($errors) ) { //Show error messages } else { //Send welcome mail to the user or do database stuff... } } ?> <?php //functions.php page: function sql_quote( $value ) { if( get_magic_quotes_gpc() ) { $value = stripslashes( $value ); } else { $value = addslashes( $value ); } if( function_exists( "mysql_real_escape_string" ) ) { $value = mysql_real_escape_string( $value ); } return $value; } function clean($str) { $str = strip_tags($str, '<br>,<br />'); $str = trim($str); $str = sql_quote($str); return $str; } foreach ($_POST as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } foreach ($_GET as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } function validate_name( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( isset($fld) && $fld != '' && !preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z\ ]+$/", $fld)) { $str = "$label: Invalid characters used! Only Lowercase, Uppercase alphabets and Spaces are allowed"; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character & less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function validate_email( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( !eregi('^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+\.([a-zA-Z]{2,4})$', $fld) ) { $str = "$label: Invalid format. Please check."; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character & less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function val_rules( $str, $val_type, $rule='required' ){ switch ($val_type) { case 'name': $val = validate_name( $str, 3, 20, $rule, 'First Name'); break; case 'lname': $val = validate_name( $str, 10, 20, $rule, 'Last Name'); break; case 'email': $val = validate_email( $str, 10, 60, $rule, 'Email'); break; } return $val; } function fn_register() { $errors = array(); $val_name = val_rules( $_POST['name'], 'name' ); $val_lname = val_rules( $_POST['lname'], 'lname', 'optional' ); $val_email = val_rules( $_POST['email'], 'email' ); if ( $val_name != '0' ) { $errors['name'] = $val_name; } if ( $val_lname != '0' ) { $errors['lname'] = $val_lname; } if ( $val_email != '0' ) { $errors['email'] = $val_email; } return $errors; } //END of functions.php page ?> OK, now it might look like there's a lot, but lemme break it down target wise: 1. I wanted the foreach ($_POST as &$value) and foreach ($_GET as &$value) loops to loop through the received info from the user submission and strip/remove all malicious input. I am calling a function called clean on the input first to achieve the objective as stated above. This function will process each of the input, whether individual field values or even arrays and allow only tags and remove everything else. The rest of it is obvious. Once this happens, the new/cleaned values will be processed by the fn_register() function and based on the values returned after the validation, we get the corresponding errors or NULL values (as applicable). So here's my questions: 1. This pretty much makes me feel secure as I am forcing the user to correct malicious data and won't process the final data unless the errors are corrected. Am I correct? Does the method that I follow guarantee the speed (as I am using lots of functions and their corresponding calls)? The fields of a form differ and the minimum number of fields I may have at any given point of time in any form may be 3 and can go upto as high as 100 (or even more, I am not sure as the website is still being developed). Will having 100's of fields and their validation in the above way, reduce the speed of application (say upto half a million users are accessing the website at the same time?). What can I do to improve the speed and reduce function calls (if possible)? 3, Can I do something to improve the current ways of validation? I am holding off object oriented approach and using FILTERS in PHP for the later. So please, I request you all to suggest me way to improve/tweak the current ways and suggest me if the script is vulnerable or safe enough to be used in a Live production environment. If not, what I can do to be able to use it live? Thank you all in advance.

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Using glDrawElements does not draw my .obj file

- by Hallik

I am trying to correctly import an .OBJ file from 3ds Max. I got this working using glBegin() & glEnd() from a previous question on here, but had really poor performance obviously, so I am trying to use glDrawElements now. I am importing a chessboard, its game pieces, etc. The board, each game piece, and each square on the board is stored in a struct GroupObject. The way I store the data is like this: struct Vertex { float position[3]; float texCoord[2]; float normal[3]; float tangent[4]; float bitangent[3]; }; struct Material { float ambient[4]; float diffuse[4]; float specular[4]; float shininess; // [0 = min shininess, 1 = max shininess] float alpha; // [0 = fully transparent, 1 = fully opaque] std::string name; std::string colorMapFilename; std::string bumpMapFilename; std::vector<int> indices; int id; }; //A chess piece or square struct GroupObject { std::vector<Material *> materials; std::string objectName; std::string groupName; int index; }; All vertices are triangles, so there are always 3 points. When I am looping through the faces f section in the obj file, I store the v0, v1, & v2 in the Material-indices. (I am doing v[0-2] - 1 to account for obj files being 1-based and my vectors being 0-based. So when I get to the render method, I am trying to loop through every object, which loops through every material attached to that object. I set the material information and try and use glDrawElements. However, the screen is black. I was able to draw the model just fine when I looped through each distinct material with all the indices associated with that material, and it drew the model fine. This time around, so I can use the stencil buffer for selecting GroupObjects, I changed up the loop, but the screen is black. Here is my render loop. The only thing I changed was the for loop(s) so they go through each object, and each material in the object in turn. void GLEngine::drawModel() { glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); // Vertex arrays setup glEnableClientState( GL_VERTEX_ARRAY ); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->position); glEnableClientState( GL_NORMAL_ARRAY ); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->normal); glClientActiveTexture( GL_TEXTURE0 ); glEnableClientState( GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY ); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, model.getVertexSize(), model.getVertexBuffer()->texCoord); glUseProgram(blinnPhongShader); objects = model.getObjects(); // Loop through objects... for( int i=0 ; i < objects.size(); i++ ) { ModelOBJ::GroupObject *object = objects[i]; // Loop through materials used by object... for( int j=0 ; j<object->materials.size() ; j++ ) { ModelOBJ::Material *pMaterial = object->materials[j]; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, pMaterial->ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, pMaterial->diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, pMaterial->specular); glMaterialf(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, pMaterial->shininess * 128.0f); // Draw faces, letting OpenGL loop through them glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, &pMaterial->indices ); } } if (model.hasNormals()) glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); if (model.hasTextureCoords()) { glClientActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); } if (model.hasPositions()) glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); glUseProgram(0); glDisable(GL_BLEND); } I don't know what I am missing that's important. If it's also helpful, here is where I read a 'f' face line and store the info in the obj importer in the pMaterial-indices. else if (sscanf(buffer, "%d/%d/%d", &v[0], &vt[0], &vn[0]) == 3) // v/vt/vn { fscanf(pFile, "%d/%d/%d", &v[1], &vt[1], &vn[1]); fscanf(pFile, "%d/%d/%d", &v[2], &vt[2], &vn[2]); v[0] = (v[0] < 0) ? v[0] + numVertices - 1 : v[0] - 1; v[1] = (v[1] < 0) ? v[1] + numVertices - 1 : v[1] - 1; v[2] = (v[2] < 0) ? v[2] + numVertices - 1 : v[2] - 1; currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[0]); currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[1]); currentMaterial->indices.push_back(v[2]); Again, this worked drawing it all together only separated by materials, so I haven't changed code anywhere else except added the indices to the materials within objects, and the loop in the draw method. Before everything was showing up black, now with the setup as above, I am getting an unhandled exception write violation on the glDrawElements line. I did a breakpoint there, and there are over 600 elements in the pMaterial-indices array, so it's not empty, it has indices to use. When I set the glDrawElements like this, it gives me the black screen but no errors glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, &pMaterial->indices[0] ); I have also tried adding this when I loop through the faces on import if ( currentMaterial->startIndex == -1 ) currentMaterial->startIndex = v[0]; currentMaterial->triangleCount++; And when drawing... //in draw method glDrawElements( GL_TRIANGLES, pMaterial->triangleCount * 3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, model.getIndexBuffer() + pMaterial->startIndex );

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how to properly transfer user input from index to invoice?

- by Romel

I got a dillema, I'm trying to find a solution for my code. How do I make it so that when the user inputs a given quantity in the text box from the index.php it will transfer that input quantity to the invoice.php. I've tried doing the post method but it seems like it's not working :/ As always, any help or suggestions will be greatly appreciated! I hope it's something simple:( Here's my code: index.php <html> <style> body{ background-image: url('URL HERE'); font-family: "Helvetica"; font-size:15px; } h1{ color:black; text-align:center; } p{ font-size:15px; } </style> <h1> STORE TITLE HERE </h1> <body> <form action="login.php" method="post"> <?php //Include products info.inc (Which holds all our product arrays and info) //Credit: Tracy & Mark (THank you!) include 'products_info.inc'; /*The following code centers my table on the page, makes the table background white, makes the table 50% of the browser window, gives it a border of 1 px, gives a padding of 2 px between the cell border and content, and gives 1 px of spacing between cells. */ echo "<table align=center bgcolor='FFFFFF' width=50% border=1 cellpadding=1 cellspacing=2>"; //Credit: Tracy & Mark (THank you!) echo '<th>Product</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Price</th> <th>Quantity</th>'; //The following code loops through the whole table body and then prints each row. for($i=0; $i<count($allfood); $i++) { //Credit: Tracy & Mark (THank you!) echo "<tr align=center>"; echo "<td>{$allfood[$i]['Product']}</td>"; echo "<td>{$allfood[$i]['Description']}</td>"; echo "<td>{$allfood[$i]['Price']}</td>"; echo "<td>{$allfood[$i]['Quantity']}</td>"; echo "</tr>"; } //This code ends the table. echo "</table>"; echo "<br>"; ?> <br><center><input type='submit' name='purchase' value='Purchase'></center> </form> </body> </html> And here's my invoice.php <html> <style> body{ background-image: url('URL HERE'); font-family: "Helvetica"; font-size:15px; } h1{ color:black; text-align:center; } p{ font-size:15px; } </style> <h1> Invoice </h1> </html> <?php //Include products info.inc (Which holds all our product arrays and info) //Credit: Tracy & Mark (Thank you!) include 'products_info.inc'; //Display the invoice & 'WELCOME USER. THANK YOU FOR USING THIS DAMN THING msg' /*The following code centers my invoice table on the page, makes the table background white, makes the table 50% of the browser window, gives it a border of 1 px, gives a padding of 2 px between the cell border and content, and gives 1 px of spacing between cells. */ echo "<table align=center bgcolor='FFFFFF' width=50% border=1 cellpadding=1cellspacing=2>"; echo "<tr>"; echo "<td align=center><b>Product</b></td>"; echo "<td align=center><b>Quantity</b></td>"; echo "<td align=center><b>Price</></td>"; echo "<td align=center><b>Extended Price</b></td>"; echo "</tr>"; for($i=0; $i<count($allfood); $i++) { //Credit: Tracy & Mark (Thank you!) $qty= @$_POST['Quantity']['$i']; // This calculates the price if the user orders more than 1 item. $extendedprice = $qty*$allfood[$i]['Price']; echo "<tr>"; echo "<td align=center>{$allfood[$i]['Product']}</td>"; echo "<td align=center>$extendedprice</td>"; echo "<td align=center>{$allfood[$i]['Price']}</td>"; echo "</tr>"; } // The goal here was to make it so that if the user selected a certain quantity from index.php, it would carry over and display on the invoice.php if ($qty = 0) { echo "please choose 1"; } elseif ($qty > 0) { echo $qty; } /*echo "<tr>"; echo "<td align=center>Subtotal</b></td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; echo "<tr>"; echo "<td align=center>Tax at 5.75%</td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; echo "<tr>"; echo "<td align=center><b>Grand total</b></td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; echo "<td align=center></td>"; */ echo "</table>"; ?> <br> <center> <form action="index.php" method="post"> <input type="submit" name="home" value="Back to homepage"> </form> </center>

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256 Windows Azure Worker Roles, Windows Kinect and a 90's Text-Based Ray-Tracer

- by Alan Smith

For a couple of years I have been demoing a simple render farm hosted in Windows Azure using worker roles and the Azure Storage service. At the start of the presentation I deploy an Azure application that uses 16 worker roles to render a 1,500 frame 3D ray-traced animation. At the end of the presentation, when the animation was complete, I would play the animation delete the Azure deployment. The standing joke with the audience was that it was that it was a “$2 demo”, as the compute charges for running the 16 instances for an hour was $1.92, factor in the bandwidth charges and it’s a couple of dollars. The point of the demo is that it highlights one of the great benefits of cloud computing, you pay for what you use, and if you need massive compute power for a short period of time using Windows Azure can work out very cost effective. The “$2 demo” was great for presenting at user groups and conferences in that it could be deployed to Azure, used to render an animation, and then removed in a one hour session. I have always had the idea of doing something a bit more impressive with the demo, and scaling it from a “$2 demo” to a “$30 demo”. The challenge was to create a visually appealing animation in high definition format and keep the demo time down to one hour. This article will take a run through how I achieved this. Ray Tracing Ray tracing, a technique for generating high quality photorealistic images, gained popularity in the 90’s with companies like Pixar creating feature length computer animations, and also the emergence of shareware text-based ray tracers that could run on a home PC. In order to render a ray traced image, the ray of light that would pass from the view point must be tracked until it intersects with an object. At the intersection, the color, reflectiveness, transparency, and refractive index of the object are used to calculate if the ray will be reflected or refracted. Each pixel may require thousands of calculations to determine what color it will be in the rendered image. Pin-Board Toys Having very little artistic talent and a basic understanding of maths I decided to focus on an animation that could be modeled fairly easily and would look visually impressive. I’ve always liked the pin-board desktop toys that become popular in the 80’s and when I was working as a 3D animator back in the 90’s I always had the idea of creating a 3D ray-traced animation of a pin-board, but never found the energy to do it. Even if I had a go at it, the render time to produce an animation that would look respectable on a 486 would have been measured in months. PolyRay Back in 1995 I landed my first real job, after spending three years being a beach-ski-climbing-paragliding-bum, and was employed to create 3D ray-traced animations for a CD-ROM that school kids would use to learn physics. I had got into the strange and wonderful world of text-based ray tracing, and was using a shareware ray-tracer called PolyRay. PolyRay takes a text file describing a scene as input and, after a few hours processing on a 486, produced a high quality ray-traced image. The following is an example of a basic PolyRay scene file. background Midnight_Blue static define matte surface { ambient 0.1 diffuse 0.7 } define matte_white texture { matte { color white } } define matte_black texture { matte { color dark_slate_gray } } define position_cylindrical 3 define lookup_sawtooth 1 define light_wood <0.6, 0.24, 0.1> define median_wood <0.3, 0.12, 0.03> define dark_wood <0.05, 0.01, 0.005> define wooden texture { noise surface { ambient 0.2 diffuse 0.7 specular white, 0.5 microfacet Reitz 10 position_fn position_cylindrical position_scale 1 lookup_fn lookup_sawtooth octaves 1 turbulence 1 color_map( [0.0, 0.2, light_wood, light_wood] [0.2, 0.3, light_wood, median_wood] [0.3, 0.4, median_wood, light_wood] [0.4, 0.7, light_wood, light_wood] [0.7, 0.8, light_wood, median_wood] [0.8, 0.9, median_wood, light_wood] [0.9, 1.0, light_wood, dark_wood]) } } define glass texture { surface { ambient 0 diffuse 0 specular 0.2 reflection white, 0.1 transmission white, 1, 1.5 }} define shiny surface { ambient 0.1 diffuse 0.6 specular white, 0.6 microfacet Phong 7 } define steely_blue texture { shiny { color black } } define chrome texture { surface { color white ambient 0.0 diffuse 0.2 specular 0.4 microfacet Phong 10 reflection 0.8 } } viewpoint { from <4.000, -1.000, 1.000> at <0.000, 0.000, 0.000> up <0, 1, 0> angle 60 resolution 640, 480 aspect 1.6 image_format 0 } light <-10, 30, 20> light <-10, 30, -20> object { disc <0, -2, 0>, <0, 1, 0>, 30 wooden } object { sphere <0.000, 0.000, 0.000>, 1.00 chrome } object { cylinder <0.000, 0.000, 0.000>, <0.000, 0.000, -4.000>, 0.50 chrome } After setting up the background and defining colors and textures, the viewpoint is specified. The “camera” is located at a point in 3D space, and it looks towards another point. The angle, image resolution, and aspect ratio are specified. Two lights are present in the image at defined coordinates. The three objects in the image are a wooden disc to represent a table top, and a sphere and cylinder that intersect to form a pin that will be used for the pin board toy in the final animation. When the image is rendered, the following image is produced. The pins are modeled with a chrome surface, so they reflect the environment around them. Note that the scale of the pin shaft is not correct, this will be fixed later. Modeling the Pin Board The frame of the pin-board is made up of three boxes, and six cylinders, the front box is modeled using a clear, slightly reflective solid, with the same refractive index of glass. The other shapes are modeled as metal. object { box <-5.5, -1.5, 1>, <5.5, 5.5, 1.2> glass } object { box <-5.5, -1.5, -0.04>, <5.5, 5.5, -0.09> steely_blue } object { box <-5.5, -1.5, -0.52>, <5.5, 5.5, -0.59> steely_blue } object { cylinder <-5.2, -1.2, 1.4>, <-5.2, -1.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } object { cylinder <5.2, -1.2, 1.4>, <5.2, -1.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } object { cylinder <-5.2, 5.2, 1.4>, <-5.2, 5.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } object { cylinder <5.2, 5.2, 1.4>, <5.2, 5.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } object { cylinder <0, -1.2, 1.4>, <0, -1.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } object { cylinder <0, 5.2, 1.4>, <0, 5.2, -0.74>, 0.2 steely_blue } In order to create the matrix of pins that make up the pin board I used a basic console application with a few nested loops to create two intersecting matrixes of pins, which models the layout used in the pin boards. The resulting image is shown below. The pin board contains 11,481 pins, with the scene file containing 23,709 lines of code. For the complete animation 2,000 scene files will be created, which is over 47 million lines of code. Each pin in the pin-board will slide out a specific distance when an object is pressed into the back of the board. This is easily modeled by setting the Z coordinate of the pin to a specific value. In order to set all of the pins in the pin-board to the correct position, a bitmap image can be used. The position of the pin can be set based on the color of the pixel at the appropriate position in the image. When the Windows Azure logo is used to set the Z coordinate of the pins, the following image is generated. The challenge now was to make a cool animation. The Azure Logo is fine, but it is static. Using a normal video to animate the pins would not work; the colors in the video would not be the same as the depth of the objects from the camera. In order to simulate the pin board accurately a series of frames from a depth camera could be used. Windows Kinect The Kenect controllers for the X-Box 360 and Windows feature a depth camera. The Kinect SDK for Windows provides a programming interface for Kenect, providing easy access for .NET developers to the Kinect sensors. The Kinect Explorer provided with the Kinect SDK is a great starting point for exploring Kinect from a developers perspective. Both the X-Box 360 Kinect and the Windows Kinect will work with the Kinect SDK, the Windows Kinect is required for commercial applications, but the X-Box Kinect can be used for hobby projects. The Windows Kinect has the advantage of providing a mode to allow depth capture with objects closer to the camera, which makes for a more accurate depth image for setting the pin positions. Creating a Depth Field Animation The depth field animation used to set the positions of the pin in the pin board was created using a modified version of the Kinect Explorer sample application. In order to simulate the pin board accurately, a small section of the depth range from the depth sensor will be used. Any part of the object in front of the depth range will result in a white pixel; anything behind the depth range will be black. Within the depth range the pixels in the image will be set to RGB values from 0,0,0 to 255,255,255. A screen shot of the modified Kinect Explorer application is shown below. The Kinect Explorer sample application was modified to include slider controls that are used to set the depth range that forms the image from the depth stream. This allows the fine tuning of the depth image that is required for simulating the position of the pins in the pin board. The Kinect Explorer was also modified to record a series of images from the depth camera and save them as a sequence JPEG files that will be used to animate the pins in the animation the Start and Stop buttons are used to start and stop the image recording. En example of one of the depth images is shown below. Once a series of 2,000 depth images has been captured, the task of creating the animation can begin. Rendering a Test Frame In order to test the creation of frames and get an approximation of the time required to render each frame a test frame was rendered on-premise using PolyRay. The output of the rendering process is shown below. The test frame contained 23,629 primitive shapes, most of which are the spheres and cylinders that are used for the 11,800 or so pins in the pin board. The 1280x720 image contains 921,600 pixels, but as anti-aliasing was used the number of rays that were calculated was 4,235,777, with 3,478,754,073 object boundaries checked. The test frame of the pin board with the depth field image applied is shown below. The tracing time for the test frame was 4 minutes 27 seconds, which means rendering the2,000 frames in the animation would take over 148 hours, or a little over 6 days. Although this is much faster that an old 486, waiting almost a week to see the results of an animation would make it challenging for animators to create, view, and refine their animations. It would be much better if the animation could be rendered in less than one hour. Windows Azure Worker Roles The cost of creating an on-premise render farm to render animations increases in proportion to the number of servers. The table below shows the cost of servers for creating a render farm, assuming a cost of $500 per server. Number of Servers Cost 1 $500 16 $8,000 256 $128,000 As well as the cost of the servers, there would be additional costs for networking, racks etc. Hosting an environment of 256 servers on-premise would require a server room with cooling, and some pretty hefty power cabling. The Windows Azure compute services provide worker roles, which are ideal for performing processor intensive compute tasks. With the scalability available in Windows Azure a job that takes 256 hours to complete could be perfumed using different numbers of worker roles. The time and cost of using 1, 16 or 256 worker roles is shown below. Number of Worker Roles Render Time Cost 1 256 hours $30.72 16 16 hours $30.72 256 1 hour $30.72 Using worker roles in Windows Azure provides the same cost for the 256 hour job, irrespective of the number of worker roles used. Provided the compute task can be broken down into many small units, and the worker role compute power can be used effectively, it makes sense to scale the application so that the task is completed quickly, making the results available in a timely fashion. The task of rendering 2,000 frames in an animation is one that can easily be broken down into 2,000 individual pieces, which can be performed by a number of worker roles. Creating a Render Farm in Windows Azure The architecture of the render farm is shown in the following diagram. The render farm is a hybrid application with the following components: · On-Premise o Windows Kinect – Used combined with the Kinect Explorer to create a stream of depth images. o Animation Creator – This application uses the depth images from the Kinect sensor to create scene description files for PolyRay. These files are then uploaded to the jobs blob container, and job messages added to the jobs queue. o Process Monitor – This application queries the role instance lifecycle table and displays statistics about the render farm environment and render process. o Image Downloader – This application polls the image queue and downloads the rendered animation files once they are complete. · Windows Azure o Azure Storage – Queues and blobs are used for the scene description files and completed frames. A table is used to store the statistics about the rendering environment. The architecture of each worker role is shown below. The worker role is configured to use local storage, which provides file storage on the worker role instance that can be use by the applications to render the image and transform the format of the image. The service definition for the worker role with the local storage configuration highlighted is shown below. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ServiceDefinition name="CloudRay" > <WorkerRole name="CloudRayWorkerRole" vmsize="Small"> <Imports> </Imports> <ConfigurationSettings> <Setting name="DataConnectionString" /> </ConfigurationSettings> <LocalResources> <LocalStorage name="RayFolder" cleanOnRoleRecycle="true" /> </LocalResources> </WorkerRole> </ServiceDefinition> The two executable programs, PolyRay.exe and DTA.exe are included in the Azure project, with Copy Always set as the property. PolyRay will take the scene description file and render it to a Truevision TGA file. As the TGA format has not seen much use since the mid 90’s it is converted to a JPG image using Dave's Targa Animator, another shareware application from the 90’s. Each worker roll will use the following process to render the animation frames. 1. The worker process polls the job queue, if a job is available the scene description file is downloaded from blob storage to local storage. 2. PolyRay.exe is started in a process with the appropriate command line arguments to render the image as a TGA file. 3. DTA.exe is started in a process with the appropriate command line arguments convert the TGA file to a JPG file. 4. The JPG file is uploaded from local storage to the images blob container. 5. A message is placed on the images queue to indicate a new image is available for download. 6. The job message is deleted from the job queue. 7. The role instance lifecycle table is updated with statistics on the number of frames rendered by the worker role instance, and the CPU time used. The code for this is shown below. public override void Run() { // Set environment variables string polyRayPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RoleRoot"), PolyRayLocation); string dtaPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RoleRoot"), DTALocation); LocalResource rayStorage = RoleEnvironment.GetLocalResource("RayFolder"); string localStorageRootPath = rayStorage.RootPath; JobQueue jobQueue = new JobQueue("renderjobs"); JobQueue downloadQueue = new JobQueue("renderimagedownloadjobs"); CloudRayBlob sceneBlob = new CloudRayBlob("scenes"); CloudRayBlob imageBlob = new CloudRayBlob("images"); RoleLifecycleDataSource roleLifecycleDataSource = new RoleLifecycleDataSource(); Frames = 0; while (true) { // Get the render job from the queue CloudQueueMessage jobMsg = jobQueue.Get(); if (jobMsg != null) { // Get the file details string sceneFile = jobMsg.AsString; string tgaFile = sceneFile.Replace(".pi", ".tga"); string jpgFile = sceneFile.Replace(".pi", ".jpg"); string sceneFilePath = Path.Combine(localStorageRootPath, sceneFile); string tgaFilePath = Path.Combine(localStorageRootPath, tgaFile); string jpgFilePath = Path.Combine(localStorageRootPath, jpgFile); // Copy the scene file to local storage sceneBlob.DownloadFile(sceneFilePath); // Run the ray tracer. string polyrayArguments = string.Format("\"{0}\" -o \"{1}\" -a 2", sceneFilePath, tgaFilePath); Process polyRayProcess = new Process(); polyRayProcess.StartInfo.FileName = Path.Combine(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RoleRoot"), polyRayPath); polyRayProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = polyrayArguments; polyRayProcess.Start(); polyRayProcess.WaitForExit(); // Convert the image string dtaArguments = string.Format(" {0} /FJ /P{1}", tgaFilePath, Path.GetDirectoryName (jpgFilePath)); Process dtaProcess = new Process(); dtaProcess.StartInfo.FileName = Path.Combine(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RoleRoot"), dtaPath); dtaProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = dtaArguments; dtaProcess.Start(); dtaProcess.WaitForExit(); // Upload the image to blob storage imageBlob.UploadFile(jpgFilePath); // Add a download job. downloadQueue.Add(jpgFile); // Delete the render job message jobQueue.Delete(jobMsg); Frames++; } else { Thread.Sleep(1000); } // Log the worker role activity. roleLifecycleDataSource.Alive ("CloudRayWorker", RoleLifecycleDataSource.RoleLifecycleId, Frames); } } Monitoring Worker Role Instance Lifecycle In order to get more accurate statistics about the lifecycle of the worker role instances used to render the animation data was tracked in an Azure storage table. The following class was used to track the worker role lifecycles in Azure storage. public class RoleLifecycle : TableServiceEntity { public string ServerName { get; set; } public string Status { get; set; } public DateTime StartTime { get; set; } public DateTime EndTime { get; set; } public long SecondsRunning { get; set; } public DateTime LastActiveTime { get; set; } public int Frames { get; set; } public string Comment { get; set; } public RoleLifecycle() { } public RoleLifecycle(string roleName) { PartitionKey = roleName; RowKey = Utils.GetAscendingRowKey(); Status = "Started"; StartTime = DateTime.UtcNow; LastActiveTime = StartTime; EndTime = StartTime; SecondsRunning = 0; Frames = 0; } } A new instance of this class is created and added to the storage table when the role starts. It is then updated each time the worker renders a frame to record the total number of frames rendered and the total processing time. These statistics are used be the monitoring application to determine the effectiveness of use of resources in the render farm. Rendering the Animation The Azure solution was deployed to Windows Azure with the service configuration set to 16 worker role instances. This allows for the application to be tested in the cloud environment, and the performance of the application determined. When I demo the application at conferences and user groups I often start with 16 instances, and then scale up the application to the full 256 instances. The configuration to run 16 instances is shown below. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ServiceConfiguration serviceName="CloudRay" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ServiceHosting/2008/10/ServiceConfiguration" osFamily="1" osVersion="*"> <Role name="CloudRayWorkerRole"> <Instances count="16" /> <ConfigurationSettings> <Setting name="DataConnectionString" value="DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=cloudraydata;AccountKey=..." /> </ConfigurationSettings> </Role> </ServiceConfiguration> About six minutes after deploying the application the first worker roles become active and start to render the first frames of the animation. The CloudRay Monitor application displays an icon for each worker role instance, with a number indicating the number of frames that the worker role has rendered. The statistics on the left show the number of active worker roles and statistics about the render process. The render time is the time since the first worker role became active; the CPU time is the total amount of processing time used by all worker role instances to render the frames. Five minutes after the first worker role became active the last of the 16 worker roles activated. By this time the first seven worker roles had each rendered one frame of the animation. With 16 worker roles u and running it can be seen that one hour and 45 minutes CPU time has been used to render 32 frames with a render time of just under 10 minutes. At this rate it would take over 10 hours to render the 2,000 frames of the full animation. In order to complete the animation in under an hour more processing power will be required. Scaling the render farm from 16 instances to 256 instances is easy using the new management portal. The slider is set to 256 instances, and the configuration saved. We do not need to re-deploy the application, and the 16 instances that are up and running will not be affected. Alternatively, the configuration file for the Azure service could be modified to specify 256 instances. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ServiceConfiguration serviceName="CloudRay" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ServiceHosting/2008/10/ServiceConfiguration" osFamily="1" osVersion="*"> <Role name="CloudRayWorkerRole"> <Instances count="256" /> <ConfigurationSettings> <Setting name="DataConnectionString" value="DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=cloudraydata;AccountKey=..." /> </ConfigurationSettings> </Role> </ServiceConfiguration> Six minutes after the new configuration has been applied 75 new worker roles have activated and are processing their first frames. Five minutes later the full configuration of 256 worker roles is up and running. We can see that the average rate of frame rendering has increased from 3 to 12 frames per minute, and that over 17 hours of CPU time has been utilized in 23 minutes. In this test the time to provision 140 worker roles was about 11 minutes, which works out at about one every five seconds. We are now half way through the rendering, with 1,000 frames complete. This has utilized just under three days of CPU time in a little over 35 minutes. The animation is now complete, with 2,000 frames rendered in a little over 52 minutes. The CPU time used by the 256 worker roles is 6 days, 7 hours and 22 minutes with an average frame rate of 38 frames per minute. The rendering of the last 1,000 frames took 16 minutes 27 seconds, which works out at a rendering rate of 60 frames per minute. The frame counts in the server instances indicate that the use of a queue to distribute the workload has been very effective in distributing the load across the 256 worker role instances. The first 16 instances that were deployed first have rendered between 11 and 13 frames each, whilst the 240 instances that were added when the application was scaled have rendered between 6 and 9 frames each. Completed Animation I’ve uploaded the completed animation to YouTube, a low resolution preview is shown below. Pin Board Animation Created using Windows Kinect and 256 Windows Azure Worker Roles The animation can be viewed in 1280x720 resolution at the following link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5jy6bvSxWc Effective Use of Resources According to the CloudRay monitor statistics the animation took 6 days, 7 hours and 22 minutes CPU to render, this works out at 152 hours of compute time, rounded up to the nearest hour. As the usage for the worker role instances are billed for the full hour, it may have been possible to render the animation using fewer than 256 worker roles. When deciding the optimal usage of resources, the time required to provision and start the worker roles must also be considered. In the demo I started with 16 worker roles, and then scaled the application to 256 worker roles. It would have been more optimal to start the application with maybe 200 worker roles, and utilized the full hour that I was being billed for. This would, however, have prevented showing the ease of scalability of the application. The new management portal displays the CPU usage across the worker roles in the deployment. The average CPU usage across all instances is 93.27%, with over 99% used when all the instances are up and running. This shows that the worker role resources are being used very effectively. Grid Computing Scenarios Although I am using this scenario for a hobby project, there are many scenarios where a large amount of compute power is required for a short period of time. Windows Azure provides a great platform for developing these types of grid computing applications, and can work out very cost effective. · Windows Azure can provide massive compute power, on demand, in a matter of minutes. · The use of queues to manage the load balancing of jobs between role instances is a simple and effective solution. · Using a cloud-computing platform like Windows Azure allows proof-of-concept scenarios to be tested and evaluated on a very low budget. · No charges for inbound data transfer makes the uploading of large data sets to Windows Azure Storage services cost effective. (Transaction charges still apply.) Tips for using Windows Azure for Grid Computing Scenarios I found the implementation of a render farm using Windows Azure a fairly simple scenario to implement. I was impressed by ease of scalability that Azure provides, and by the short time that the application took to scale from 16 to 256 worker role instances. In this case it was around 13 minutes, in other tests it took between 10 and 20 minutes. The following tips may be useful when implementing a grid computing project in Windows Azure. · Using an Azure Storage queue to load-balance the units of work across multiple worker roles is simple and very effective. The design I have used in this scenario could easily scale to many thousands of worker role instances. · Windows Azure accounts are typically limited to 20 cores. If you need to use more than this, a call to support and a credit card check will be required. · Be aware of how the billing model works. You will be charged for worker role instances for the full clock our in which the instance is deployed. Schedule the workload to start just after the clock hour has started. · Monitor the utilization of the resources you are provisioning, ensure that you are not paying for worker roles that are idle. · If you are deploying third party applications to worker roles, you may well run into licensing issues. Purchasing software licenses on a per-processor basis when using hundreds of processors for a short time period would not be cost effective. · Third party software may also require installation onto the worker roles, which can be accomplished using start-up tasks. Bear in mind that adding a startup task and possible re-boot will add to the time required for the worker role instance to start and activate. An alternative may be to use a prepared VM and use VM roles. · Consider using the Windows Azure Autoscaling Application Block (WASABi) to autoscale the worker roles in your application. When using a large number of worker roles, the utilization must be carefully monitored, if the scaling algorithms are not optimal it could get very expensive!

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"domain crashed" when creating new Xen instance

- by user47650

I have downloaded a Xen virtual machine image from the appscale project, and I am trying to start it up. However once I run the command; xm create -c -f xen.conf The instance immediately crashes and provides no console output. however it produces logs that I have posted below. but this is the error; [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] WARNING (XendDomainInfo:1178) Domain has crashed: name=appscale-1.4b id=10. I have managed to mount the root.img file locally and verify that it is actually an ext3 file system. I am running Xen 3.0.3 that is a stock RPM from the CentOS 5 repos; # rpm -qa | grep -i xen xen-libs-3.0.3-105.el5_5.5 xen-3.0.3-105.el5_5.5 xen-libs-3.0.3-105.el5_5.5 kernel-xen-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5 any suggestions on how to proceed with troubleshooting? (i am a newbie to Xen) so far I have enabled console logging, but the log file is empty. ==> domain-builder-ng.log <== xc_dom_allocate: cmdline=" ip=:1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp root=/dev/sda1 ro xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console", features="" xc_dom_kernel_file: filename="/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server" xc_dom_malloc_filemap : 2284 kB xc_dom_ramdisk_file: filename="/boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server" xc_dom_malloc_filemap : 9005 kB xc_dom_boot_xen_init: ver 3.1, caps xen-3.0-x86_64 xen-3.0-x86_32p xc_dom_parse_image: called xc_dom_find_loader: trying ELF-generic loader ... failed xc_dom_find_loader: trying Linux bzImage loader ... xc_dom_malloc : 9875 kB xc_dom_do_gunzip: unzip ok, 0x234bb2 -> 0x9a4de0 OK elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x200000 memsz=0x447000 elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x647000 memsz=0xab888 elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x6f3000 memsz=0x908 elf_parse_binary: phdr: paddr=0x6f4000 memsz=0x1c2f9c elf_parse_binary: memory: 0x200000 -> 0x8b6f9c elf_xen_parse_note: GUEST_OS = "linux" elf_xen_parse_note: GUEST_VERSION = "2.6" elf_xen_parse_note: XEN_VERSION = "xen-3.0" elf_xen_parse_note: VIRT_BASE = 0xffffffff80000000 elf_xen_parse_note: ENTRY = 0xffffffff8071e200 elf_xen_parse_note: HYPERCALL_PAGE = 0xffffffff80209000 elf_xen_parse_note: FEATURES = "!writable_page_tables|pae_pgdir_above_4gb" elf_xen_parse_note: PAE_MODE = "yes" elf_xen_parse_note: LOADER = "generic" elf_xen_parse_note: unknown xen elf note (0xd) elf_xen_parse_note: SUSPEND_CANCEL = 0x1 elf_xen_parse_note: HV_START_LOW = 0xffff800000000000 elf_xen_parse_note: PADDR_OFFSET = 0x0 elf_xen_addr_calc_check: addresses: virt_base = 0xffffffff80000000 elf_paddr_offset = 0x0 virt_offset = 0xffffffff80000000 virt_kstart = 0xffffffff80200000 virt_kend = 0xffffffff808b6f9c virt_entry = 0xffffffff8071e200 xc_dom_parse_elf_kernel: xen-3.0-x86_64: 0xffffffff80200000 -> 0xffffffff808b6f9c xc_dom_mem_init: mem 1024 MB, pages 0x40000 pages, 4k each xc_dom_mem_init: 0x40000 pages xc_dom_boot_mem_init: called x86_compat: guest xen-3.0-x86_64, address size 64 xc_dom_malloc : 2048 kB ==> xend.log <== [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:957) Dev 0 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:957) Dev 0 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:01 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:957) Dev 0 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:957) Dev 0 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2114) UUID Created: True [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2115) Devices to release: [], domid = 9 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2127) Releasing PVFB backend devices ... [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:207) XendDomainInfo.create(['domain', ['domid', 9], ['uuid', 'd5f22dd4-8dc2-f51f-84e9-eea7d71ea1d0'], ['vcpus', 1], ['vcpu_avail', 1], ['cpu_cap', 0], ['cpu_weight', 256], ['memory', 1024], ['shadow_memory', 0], ['maxmem', 1024], ['features', ''], ['name', 'appscale-1.4b'], ['on_poweroff', 'destroy'], ['on_reboot', 'restart'], ['on_crash', 'restart'], ['image', ['linux', ['kernel', '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ramdisk', '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ip', ':1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp'], ['root', '/dev/sda1 ro'], ['args', 'xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console']]], ['cpus', []], ['device', ['vif', ['backend', 0], ['script', 'vif-bridge'], ['mac', '00:16:3B:72:10:E4']]], ['device', ['vbd', ['backend', 0], ['dev', 'sda1:disk'], ['uname', 'file:/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img'], ['mode', 'w']]], ['state', '----c-'], ['shutdown_reason', 'crash'], ['cpu_time', 0.000339131], ['online_vcpus', 1], ['up_time', '0.952092885971'], ['start_time', '1299011639.92'], ['store_mfn', 1169289], ['console_mfn', 1169288]]) [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:329) parseConfig: config is ['domain', ['domid', 9], ['uuid', 'd5f22dd4-8dc2-f51f-84e9-eea7d71ea1d0'], ['vcpus', 1], ['vcpu_avail', 1], ['cpu_cap', 0], ['cpu_weight', 256], ['memory', 1024], ['shadow_memory', 0], ['maxmem', 1024], ['features', ''], ['name', 'appscale-1.4b'], ['on_poweroff', 'destroy'], ['on_reboot', 'restart'], ['on_crash', 'restart'], ['image', ['linux', ['kernel', '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ramdisk', '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ip', ':1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp'], ['root', '/dev/sda1 ro'], ['args', 'xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console']]], ['cpus', []], ['device', ['vif', ['backend', 0], ['script', 'vif-bridge'], ['mac', '00:16:3B:72:10:E4']]], ['device', ['vbd', ['backend', 0], ['dev', 'sda1:disk'], ['uname', 'file:/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img'], ['mode', 'w']]], ['state', '----c-'], ['shutdown_reason', 'crash'], ['cpu_time', 0.000339131], ['online_vcpus', 1], ['up_time', '0.952092885971'], ['start_time', '1299011639.92'], ['store_mfn', 1169289], ['console_mfn', 1169288]] [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:446) parseConfig: result is {'features': '', 'image': ['linux', ['kernel', '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ramdisk', '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server'], ['ip', ':1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp'], ['root', '/dev/sda1 ro'], ['args', 'xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console']], 'cpus': [], 'vcpu_avail': 1, 'backend': [], 'uuid': 'd5f22dd4-8dc2-f51f-84e9-eea7d71ea1d0', 'on_reboot': 'restart', 'cpu_weight': 256.0, 'memory': 1024, 'cpu_cap': 0, 'localtime': None, 'timer_mode': None, 'start_time': 1299011639.9200001, 'on_poweroff': 'destroy', 'on_crash': 'restart', 'device': [('vif', ['vif', ['backend', 0], ['script', 'vif-bridge'], ['mac', '00:16:3B:72:10:E4']]), ('vbd', ['vbd', ['backend', 0], ['dev', 'sda1:disk'], ['uname', 'file:/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img'], ['mode', 'w']])], 'bootloader': None, 'maxmem': 1024, 'shadow_memory': 0, 'name': 'appscale-1.4b', 'bootloader_args': None, 'vcpus': 1, 'cpu': None} [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1784) XendDomainInfo.construct: None [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (balloon:145) Balloon: 3034420 KiB free; need 4096; done. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1953) XendDomainInfo.initDomain: 10 256.0 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1994) _initDomain:shadow_memory=0x0, maxmem=0x400, memory=0x400. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (balloon:145) Balloon: 3034412 KiB free; need 1048576; done. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] INFO (image:139) buildDomain os=linux dom=10 vcpus=1 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:208) domid = 10 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:209) memsize = 1024 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:210) image = /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:211) store_evtchn = 1 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:212) console_evtchn = 2 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:213) cmdline = ip=:1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp root=/dev/sda1 ro xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:214) ramdisk = /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:215) vcpus = 1 [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (image:216) features = ==> domain-builder-ng.log <== xc_dom_build_image: called xc_dom_alloc_segment: kernel : 0xffffffff80200000 -> 0xffffffff808b7000 (pfn 0x200 + 0x6b7 pages) xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x200+0x6b7 at 0x2aaaab5f6000 elf_load_binary: phdr 0 at 0x0x2aaaab5f6000 -> 0x0x2aaaaba3d000 elf_load_binary: phdr 1 at 0x0x2aaaaba3d000 -> 0x0x2aaaabae8888 elf_load_binary: phdr 2 at 0x0x2aaaabae9000 -> 0x0x2aaaabae9908 elf_load_binary: phdr 3 at 0x0x2aaaabaea000 -> 0x0x2aaaabb9a004 xc_dom_alloc_segment: ramdisk : 0xffffffff808b7000 -> 0xffffffff82382000 (pfn 0x8b7 + 0x1acb pages) xc_dom_malloc : 160 kB xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x8b7+0x1acb at 0x2aaab0000000 xc_dom_do_gunzip: unzip ok, 0x8cb5e7 -> 0x1aca210 xc_dom_alloc_segment: phys2mach : 0xffffffff82382000 -> 0xffffffff82582000 (pfn 0x2382 + 0x200 pages) xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x2382+0x200 at 0x2aaab1acb000 xc_dom_alloc_page : start info : 0xffffffff82582000 (pfn 0x2582) xc_dom_alloc_page : xenstore : 0xffffffff82583000 (pfn 0x2583) xc_dom_alloc_page : console : 0xffffffff82584000 (pfn 0x2584) nr_page_tables: 0x0000ffffffffffff/48: 0xffff000000000000 -> 0xffffffffffffffff, 1 table(s) nr_page_tables: 0x0000007fffffffff/39: 0xffffff8000000000 -> 0xffffffffffffffff, 1 table(s) nr_page_tables: 0x000000003fffffff/30: 0xffffffff80000000 -> 0xffffffffbfffffff, 1 table(s) nr_page_tables: 0x00000000001fffff/21: 0xffffffff80000000 -> 0xffffffff827fffff, 20 table(s) xc_dom_alloc_segment: page tables : 0xffffffff82585000 -> 0xffffffff8259c000 (pfn 0x2585 + 0x17 pages) xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x2585+0x17 at 0x2aaab1ccb000 xc_dom_alloc_page : boot stack : 0xffffffff8259c000 (pfn 0x259c) xc_dom_build_image : virt_alloc_end : 0xffffffff8259d000 xc_dom_build_image : virt_pgtab_end : 0xffffffff82800000 xc_dom_boot_image: called arch_setup_bootearly: doing nothing xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: xen-3.0-x86_64 <= matches xc_dom_compat_check: supported guest type: xen-3.0-x86_32p xc_dom_update_guest_p2m: dst 64bit, pages 0x40000 clear_page: pfn 0x2584, mfn 0x11d788 clear_page: pfn 0x2583, mfn 0x11d789 xc_dom_pfn_to_ptr: domU mapping: pfn 0x2582+0x1 at 0x2aaab1ce2000 start_info_x86_64: called setup_hypercall_page: vaddr=0xffffffff80209000 pfn=0x209 domain builder memory footprint allocated malloc : 12139 kB anon mmap : 0 bytes mapped file mmap : 11289 kB domU mmap : 35 MB arch_setup_bootlate: shared_info: pfn 0x0, mfn 0xd6fe1 shared_info_x86_64: called vcpu_x86_64: called vcpu_x86_64: cr3: pfn 0x2585 mfn 0x11d787 launch_vm: called, ctxt=0x97b21f8 xc_dom_release: called ==> xend.log <== [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:114) DevController: writing {'mac': '00:16:3B:72:10:E4', 'handle': '0', 'protocol': 'x86_64-abi', 'backend-id': '0', 'state': '1', 'backend': '/local/domain/0/backend/vif/10/0'} to /local/domain/10/device/vif/0. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:116) DevController: writing {'domain': 'appscale-1.4b', 'handle': '0', 'script': '/etc/xen/scripts/vif-bridge', 'state': '1', 'frontend': '/local/domain/10/device/vif/0', 'mac': '00:16:3B:72:10:E4', 'online': '1', 'frontend-id': '10'} to /local/domain/0/backend/vif/10/0. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:634) Checking for duplicate for uname: /local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img [file:/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img], dev: sda1:disk, mode: w [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (blkif:27) exception looking up device number for sda1:disk: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/dev/sda1:disk' [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (blkif:27) exception looking up device number for sda1: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/dev/sda1' [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:114) DevController: writing {'virtual-device': '2049', 'device-type': 'disk', 'protocol': 'x86_64-abi', 'backend-id': '0', 'state': '1', 'backend': '/local/domain/0/backend/vbd/10/2049'} to /local/domain/10/device/vbd/2049. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:116) DevController: writing {'domain': 'appscale-1.4b', 'frontend': '/local/domain/10/device/vbd/2049', 'format': 'raw', 'dev': 'sda1', 'state': '1', 'params': '/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img', 'mode': 'w', 'online': '1', 'frontend-id': '10', 'type': 'file'} to /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/10/2049. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:993) Storing VM details: {'shadow_memory': '0', 'uuid': 'd5f22dd4-8dc2-f51f-84e9-eea7d71ea1d0', 'on_reboot': 'restart', 'start_time': '1299011642.74', 'on_poweroff': 'destroy', 'name': 'appscale-1.4b', 'xend/restart_count': '0', 'vcpus': '1', 'vcpu_avail': '1', 'memory': '1024', 'on_crash': 'restart', 'image': "(linux (kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server) (ramdisk /boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server) (ip :1.2.3.4::::eth0:dhcp) (root '/dev/sda1 ro') (args 'xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console'))", 'maxmem': '1024'} [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1028) Storing domain details: {'console/ring-ref': '1169288', 'console/port': '2', 'name': 'appscale-1.4b', 'console/limit': '1048576', 'vm': '/vm/d5f22dd4-8dc2-f51f-84e9-eea7d71ea1d0', 'domid': '10', 'cpu/0/availability': 'online', 'memory/target': '1048576', 'store/ring-ref': '1169289', 'store/port': '1'} [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices vif. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:164) Waiting for 0. [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1250) XendDomainInfo.handleShutdownWatch [2011-03-01 12:34:02 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:509) hotplugStatusCallback /local/domain/0/backend/vif/10/0/hotplug-status. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:509) hotplugStatusCallback /local/domain/0/backend/vif/10/0/hotplug-status. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:523) hotplugStatusCallback 1. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices usb. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices vbd. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:164) Waiting for 2049. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:509) hotplugStatusCallback /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/10/2049/hotplug-status. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:509) hotplugStatusCallback /local/domain/0/backend/vbd/10/2049/hotplug-status. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:523) hotplugStatusCallback 1. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices irq. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices vkbd. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices vfb. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices pci. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices ioports. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices tap. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend 3580] DEBUG (DevController:158) Waiting for devices vtpm. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] WARNING (XendDomainInfo:1178) Domain has crashed: name=appscale-1.4b id=10. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] ERROR (XendDomainInfo:2654) VM appscale-1.4b restarting too fast (2.275545 seconds since the last restart). Refusing to restart to avoid loops. [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2189) XendDomainInfo.destroy: domid=10 ==> xen-hotplug.log <== Nothing to flush. ==> xend.log <== [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] INFO (XendDomainInfo:2330) Dev 2049 still active, looping... [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2114) UUID Created: True [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2115) Devices to release: [], domid = 10 [2011-03-01 12:34:03 xend.XendDomainInfo 3580] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2127) Releasing PVFB backend devices ... And this is the xen.conf file that I am using; # cat xen.conf # Configuration file for the Xen instance AppScale, created # bn VMBuilder kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.27-7-server' ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.27-7-server' memory = 1024 vcpus = 1 root = '/dev/sda1 ro' disk = [ 'file:/local/xen/domains/appscale1.4/root.img,sda1,w', ] name = 'appscale-1.4b' dhcp = 'dhcp' vif = [ 'mac=00:16:3B:72:10:E4' ] on_poweroff = 'destroy' on_reboot = 'restart' on_crash = 'restart' extra = 'xencons=tty console=tty1 console=hvc0 debugger=y debug=y sync_console'

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JAVA image transfer problem

- by user579098

Hi, I have a school assignment, to send a jpg image,split it into groups of 100 bytes, corrupt it, use a CRC check to locate the errors and re-transmit until it eventually is built back into its original form. It's practically ready, however when I check out the new images, they appear with errors.. I would really appreciate if someone could look at my code below and maybe locate this logical mistake as I can't understand what the problem is because everything looks ok :S For the file with all the data needed including photos and error patterns one could download it from this link:http://rapidshare.com/#!download|932tl2|443122762|Data.zip|739 Thanks in advance, Stefan p.s dont forget to change the paths in the code for the image and error files package networks; import java.io.*; // for file reader import java.util.zip.CRC32; // CRC32 IEEE (Ethernet) public class Main { /** * Reads a whole file into an array of bytes. * @param file The file in question. * @return Array of bytes containing file data. * @throws IOException Message contains why it failed. */ public static byte[] readFileArray(File file) throws IOException { InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file); byte[] data=new byte[(int)file.length()]; is.read(data); is.close(); return data; } /** * Writes (or overwrites if exists) a file with data from an array of bytes. * @param file The file in question. * @param data Array of bytes containing the new file data. * @throws IOException Message contains why it failed. */ public static void writeFileArray(File file, byte[] data) throws IOException { OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file,false); os.write(data); os.close(); } /** * Converts a long value to an array of bytes. * @param data The target variable. * @return Byte array conversion of data. * @see http://www.daniweb.com/code/snippet216874.html */ public static byte[] toByta(long data) { return new byte[] { (byte)((data >> 56) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 48) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 40) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 32) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 24) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 16) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 8) & 0xff), (byte)((data >> 0) & 0xff), }; } /** * Converts a an array of bytes to long value. * @param data The target variable. * @return Long value conversion of data. * @see http://www.daniweb.com/code/snippet216874.html */ public static long toLong(byte[] data) { if (data == null || data.length != 8) return 0x0; return (long)( // (Below) convert to longs before shift because digits // are lost with ints beyond the 32-bit limit (long)(0xff & data[0]) << 56 | (long)(0xff & data[1]) << 48 | (long)(0xff & data[2]) << 40 | (long)(0xff & data[3]) << 32 | (long)(0xff & data[4]) << 24 | (long)(0xff & data[5]) << 16 | (long)(0xff & data[6]) << 8 | (long)(0xff & data[7]) << 0 ); } public static byte[] nextNoise(){ byte[] result=new byte[100]; // copy a frame's worth of data (or remaining data if it is less than frame length) int read=Math.min(err_data.length-err_pstn, 100); System.arraycopy(err_data, err_pstn, result, 0, read); // if read data is less than frame length, reset position and add remaining data if(read<100){ err_pstn=100-read; System.arraycopy(err_data, 0, result, read, err_pstn); }else // otherwise, increase position err_pstn+=100; // return noise segment return result; } /** * Given some original data, it is purposefully corrupted according to a * second data array (which is read from a file). In pseudocode: * corrupt = original xor corruptor * @param data The original data. * @return The new (corrupted) data. */ public static byte[] corruptData(byte[] data){ // get the next noise sequence byte[] noise = nextNoise(); // finally, xor data with noise and return result for(int i=0; i<100; i++)data[i]^=noise[i]; return data; } /** * Given an array of data, a packet is created. In pseudocode: * frame = corrupt(data) + crc(data) * @param data The original frame data. * @return The resulting frame data. */ public static byte[] buildFrame(byte[] data){ // pack = [data]+crc32([data]) byte[] hash = new byte[8]; // calculate crc32 of data and copy it to byte array CRC32 crc = new CRC32(); crc.update(data); hash=toByta(crc.getValue()); // create a byte array holding the final packet byte[] pack = new byte[data.length+hash.length]; // create the corrupted data byte[] crpt = new byte[data.length]; crpt = corruptData(data); // copy corrupted data into pack System.arraycopy(crpt, 0, pack, 0, crpt.length); // copy hash into pack System.arraycopy(hash, 0, pack, data.length, hash.length); // return pack return pack; } /** * Verifies frame contents. * @param frame The frame data (data+crc32). * @return True if frame is valid, false otherwise. */ public static boolean verifyFrame(byte[] frame){ // allocate hash and data variables byte[] hash=new byte[8]; byte[] data=new byte[frame.length-hash.length]; // read frame into hash and data variables System.arraycopy(frame, frame.length-hash.length, hash, 0, hash.length); System.arraycopy(frame, 0, data, 0, frame.length-hash.length); // get crc32 of data CRC32 crc = new CRC32(); crc.update(data); // compare crc32 of data with crc32 of frame return crc.getValue()==toLong(hash); } /** * Transfers a file through a channel in frames and reconstructs it into a new file. * @param jpg_file File name of target file to transfer. * @param err_file The channel noise file used to simulate corruption. * @param out_file The name of the newly-created file. * @throws IOException */ public static void transferFile(String jpg_file, String err_file, String out_file) throws IOException { // read file data into global variables jpg_data = readFileArray(new File(jpg_file)); err_data = readFileArray(new File(err_file)); err_pstn = 0; // variable that will hold the final (transfered) data byte[] out_data = new byte[jpg_data.length]; // holds the current frame data byte[] frame_orig = new byte[100]; byte[] frame_sent = new byte[100]; // send file in chunks (frames) of 100 bytes for(int i=0; i<Math.ceil(jpg_data.length/100); i++){ // copy jpg data into frame and init first-time switch System.arraycopy(jpg_data, i*100, frame_orig, 0, 100); boolean not_first=false; System.out.print("Packet #"+i+": "); // repeat getting same frame until frame crc matches with frame content do { if(not_first)System.out.print("F"); frame_sent=buildFrame(frame_orig); not_first=true; }while(!verifyFrame(frame_sent)); // usually, you'd constrain this by time to prevent infinite loops (in // case the channel is so wacked up it doesn't get a single packet right) // copy frame to image file System.out.println("S"); System.arraycopy(frame_sent, 0, out_data, i*100, 100); } System.out.println("\nDone."); writeFileArray(new File(out_file),out_data); } // global variables for file data and pointer public static byte[] jpg_data; public static byte[] err_data; public static int err_pstn=0; public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // list of jpg files String[] jpg_file={ "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo1.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo2.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo3.jpg", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Images\\photo4.jpg" }; // list of error patterns String[] err_file={ "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 1.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 2.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 3.DAT", "C:\\Users\\Stefan\\Desktop\\Data\\Error Pattern\\Error Pattern 4.DAT" }; // loop through all jpg/channel combinations and run tests for(int x=0; x<jpg_file.length; x++){ for(int y=0; y<err_file.length; y++){ System.out.println("Transfering photo"+(x+1)+".jpg using Pattern "+(y+1)+"..."); transferFile(jpg_file[x],err_file[y],jpg_file[x].replace("photo","CH#"+y+"_photo")); } } } }

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Simple Self Join Query Bad Performance

- by user1514042

Could anyone advice on how do I improve the performance of the following query. Note, the problem seems to be caused by where clause. Data (table contains a huge set of rows - 500K+, the set of parameters it's called with assums the return of 2-5K records per query, which takes 8-10 minutes currently): USE [SomeDb] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Data]( [x] [money] NOT NULL, [y] [money] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Data] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [x] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO The Query select top 10000 s.x as sx, e.x as ex, s.y as sy, e.y as ey, e.y - s.y as y_delta, e.x - s.x as x_delta from Data s inner join Data e on e.x > s.x and e.x - s.x between xFrom and xTo --where e.y - s.y > @yDelta -- when uncommented causes a huge delay Update 1 - Execution Plan <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <ShowPlanXML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" Version="1.2" Build="11.0.2100.60" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan"> <BatchSequence> <Batch> <Statements> <StmtSimple StatementCompId="1" StatementEstRows="100" StatementId="1" StatementOptmLevel="FULL" StatementOptmEarlyAbortReason="GoodEnoughPlanFound" StatementSubTreeCost="0.0263655" StatementText="select top 100
s.x as sx,
e.x as ex,
s.y as sy,
e.y as ey,
e.y - s.y as y_delta,
e.x - s.x as x_delta
from Data s 
 inner join Data e
 on e.x > s.x and e.x - s.x between 100 and 105
where e.y - s.y > 0.01
" StatementType="SELECT" QueryHash="0xAAAC02AC2D78CB56" QueryPlanHash="0x747994153CB2D637" RetrievedFromCache="true"> <StatementSetOptions ANSI_NULLS="true" ANSI_PADDING="true" ANSI_WARNINGS="true" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="true" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false" QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="true" /> <QueryPlan DegreeOfParallelism="0" NonParallelPlanReason="NoParallelPlansInDesktopOrExpressEdition" CachedPlanSize="24" CompileTime="13" CompileCPU="13" CompileMemory="424"> <MemoryGrantInfo SerialRequiredMemory="0" SerialDesiredMemory="0" /> <OptimizerHardwareDependentProperties EstimatedAvailableMemoryGrant="52199" EstimatedPagesCached="14561" EstimatedAvailableDegreeOfParallelism="4" /> <RelOp AvgRowSize="55" EstimateCPU="1E-05" EstimateIO="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="100" LogicalOp="Compute Scalar" NodeId="0" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Compute Scalar" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0263655"> <OutputList> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> <ColumnReference Column="Expr1004" /> <ColumnReference Column="Expr1005" /> </OutputList> <ComputeScalar> <DefinedValues> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Column="Expr1004" /> <ScalarOperator ScalarString="[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[y] as [e].[y]-[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[y] as [s].[y]"> <Arithmetic Operation="SUB"> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </Arithmetic> </ScalarOperator> </DefinedValue> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Column="Expr1005" /> <ScalarOperator ScalarString="[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [e].[x]-[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [s].[x]"> <Arithmetic Operation="SUB"> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </Arithmetic> </ScalarOperator> </DefinedValue> </DefinedValues> <RelOp AvgRowSize="39" EstimateCPU="1E-05" EstimateIO="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="100" LogicalOp="Top" NodeId="1" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Top" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0263555"> <OutputList> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </OutputList> <RunTimeInformation> <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="100" ActualEndOfScans="1" ActualExecutions="1" /> </RunTimeInformation> <Top RowCount="false" IsPercent="false" WithTies="false"> <TopExpression> <ScalarOperator ScalarString="(100)"> <Const ConstValue="(100)" /> </ScalarOperator> </TopExpression> <RelOp AvgRowSize="39" EstimateCPU="151828" EstimateIO="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="100" LogicalOp="Inner Join" NodeId="2" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0263455"> <OutputList> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </OutputList> <RunTimeInformation> <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="100" ActualEndOfScans="0" ActualExecutions="1" /> </RunTimeInformation> <NestedLoops Optimized="false"> <OuterReferences> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </OuterReferences> <RelOp AvgRowSize="23" EstimateCPU="1.80448" EstimateIO="3.76461" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="1" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" NodeId="3" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0032831" TableCardinality="1640290"> <OutputList> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </OutputList> <RunTimeInformation> <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="15225" ActualEndOfScans="0" ActualExecutions="1" /> </RunTimeInformation> <IndexScan Ordered="false" ForcedIndex="false" ForceScan="false" NoExpandHint="false"> <DefinedValues> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> </DefinedValue> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </DefinedValue> </DefinedValues> <Object Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Index="[PK_Data]" Alias="[e]" IndexKind="Clustered" /> </IndexScan> </RelOp> <RelOp AvgRowSize="23" EstimateCPU="0.902317" EstimateIO="1.88387" EstimateRebinds="1" EstimateRewinds="0" EstimatedExecutionMode="Row" EstimateRows="100" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Seek" NodeId="4" Parallel="false" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Seek" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0263655" TableCardinality="1640290"> <OutputList> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> </OutputList> <RunTimeInformation> <RunTimeCountersPerThread Thread="0" ActualRows="100" ActualEndOfScans="15224" ActualExecutions="15225" /> </RunTimeInformation> <IndexScan Ordered="true" ScanDirection="FORWARD" ForcedIndex="false" ForceSeek="false" ForceScan="false" NoExpandHint="false" Storage="RowStore"> <DefinedValues> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> </DefinedValue> <DefinedValue> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> </DefinedValue> </DefinedValues> <Object Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Index="[PK_Data]" Alias="[s]" IndexKind="Clustered" /> <SeekPredicates> <SeekPredicateNew> <SeekKeys> <EndRange ScanType="LT"> <RangeColumns> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> </RangeColumns> <RangeExpressions> <ScalarOperator ScalarString="[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [e].[x]"> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </RangeExpressions> </EndRange> </SeekKeys> </SeekPredicateNew> </SeekPredicates> <Predicate> <ScalarOperator ScalarString="([SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [e].[x]-[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [s].[x])>=($100.0000) AND ([SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [e].[x]-[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[x] as [s].[x])<=($105.0000) AND ([SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[y] as [e].[y]-[SomeDb].[dbo].[Data].[y] as [s].[y])>(0.01)"> <Logical Operation="AND"> <ScalarOperator> <Compare CompareOp="GE"> <ScalarOperator> <Arithmetic Operation="SUB"> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </Arithmetic> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Const ConstValue="($100.0000)" /> </ScalarOperator> </Compare> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Compare CompareOp="LE"> <ScalarOperator> <Arithmetic Operation="SUB"> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="x" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </Arithmetic> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Const ConstValue="($105.0000)" /> </ScalarOperator> </Compare> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Compare CompareOp="GT"> <ScalarOperator> <Arithmetic Operation="SUB"> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[e]" Column="y" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Identifier> <ColumnReference Database="[SomeDb]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[Data]" Alias="[s]" Column="y" /> </Identifier> </ScalarOperator> </Arithmetic> </ScalarOperator> <ScalarOperator> <Const ConstValue="(0.01)" /> </ScalarOperator> </Compare> </ScalarOperator> </Logical> </ScalarOperator> </Predicate> </IndexScan> </RelOp> </NestedLoops> </RelOp> </Top> </RelOp> </ComputeScalar> </RelOp> </QueryPlan> </StmtSimple> </Statements> </Batch> </BatchSequence> </ShowPlanXML>

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Conway's Game of Life - C++ and Qt

- by Jeff Bridge

I've done all of the layouts and have most of the code written even. But, I'm stuck in two places. 1) I'm not quite sure how to set up the timer. Am I using it correctly in the gridwindow class? And, am I used the timer functions/signals/slots correctly with the other gridwindow functions. 2) In GridWindow's timerFired() function, I'm having trouble checking/creating the vector-vectors. I wrote out in the comments in that function exactly what I am trying to do. Any help would be much appreciated. main.cpp // Main file for running the grid window application. #include <QApplication> #include "gridwindow.h" //#include "timerwindow.h" #include <stdexcept> #include <string> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <iostream> void Welcome(); // Welcome Function - Prints upon running program; outputs program name, student name/id, class section. void Rules(); // Rules Function: Prints the rules for Conway's Game of Life. using namespace std; // A simple main method to create the window class and then pop it up on the screen. int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { Welcome(); // Calls Welcome function to print student/assignment info. Rules(); // Prints Conway's Game Rules. QApplication app(argc, argv); // Creates the overall windowed application. int rows = 25, cols = 35; //The number of rows & columns in the game grid. GridWindow widget(NULL,rows,cols); // Creates the actual window (for the grid). widget.show(); // Shows the window on the screen. return app.exec(); // Goes into visual loop; starts executing GUI. } // Welcome Function: Prints my name/id, my class number, the assignment, and the program name. void Welcome() { cout << endl; cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl; cout << "Name/ID - Gabe Audick #7681539807" << endl; cout << "Class/Assignment - CSCI-102 Disccusion 29915: Homework Assignment #4" << endl; cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl << endl; } // Rules Function: Prints the rules for Conway's Game of Life. void Rules() { cout << "Welcome to Conway's Game of Life." << endl; cout << "Game Rules:" << endl; cout << "\t 1) Any living cell with fewer than two living neighbours dies, as if caused by underpopulation." << endl; cout << "\t 2) Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overcrowding." << endl; cout << "\t 3) Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation." << endl; cout << "\t 4) Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell." << endl << endl; cout << "Enjoy." << endl << endl; } gridcell.h // A header file for a class representing a single cell in a grid of cells. #ifndef GRIDCELL_H_ #define GRIDCELL_H_ #include <QPalette> #include <QColor> #include <QPushButton> #include <Qt> #include <QWidget> #include <QFrame> #include <QHBoxLayout> #include <iostream> // An enum representing the two different states a cell can have. enum CellType { DEAD, // DEAD = Dead Cell. --> Color = White. LIVE // LIVE = Living Cell. ---> Color = White. }; /* Class: GridCell. A class representing a single cell in a grid. Each cell is implemented as a QT QFrame that contains a single QPushButton. The button is sized so that it takes up the entire frame. Each cell also keeps track of what type of cell it is based on the CellType enum. */ class GridCell : public QFrame { Q_OBJECT // Macro allowing us to have signals & slots on this object. private: QPushButton* button; // The button inside the cell that gives its clickability. CellType type; // The type of cell (DEAD or LIVE.) public slots: void handleClick(); // Callback for handling a click on the current cell. void setType(CellType type); // Cell type mutator. Calls the "redrawCell" function. signals: void typeChanged(CellType type); // Signal to notify listeners when the cell type has changed. public: GridCell(QWidget *parent = NULL); // Constructor for creating a cell. Takes parent widget or default parent to NULL. virtual ~GridCell(); // Destructor. void redrawCell(); // Redraws cell: Sets new type/color. CellType getType() const; //Simple getter for the cell type. private: Qt::GlobalColor getColorForCellType(); // Helper method. Returns color that cell should be based from its value. }; #endif gridcell.cpp #include <iostream> #include "gridcell.h" #include "utility.h" using namespace std; // Constructor: Creates a grid cell. GridCell::GridCell(QWidget *parent) : QFrame(parent) { this->type = DEAD; // Default: Cell is DEAD (white). setFrameStyle(QFrame::Box); // Set the frame style. This is what gives each box its black border. this->button = new QPushButton(this); //Creates button that fills entirety of each grid cell. this->button->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Expanding,QSizePolicy::Expanding); // Expands button to fill space. this->button->setMinimumSize(19,19); //width,height // Min height and width of button. QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout(); //Creates a simple layout to hold our button and add the button to it. layout->addWidget(this->button); setLayout(layout); layout->setStretchFactor(this->button,1); // Lets the buttons expand all the way to the edges of the current frame with no space leftover layout->setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0); layout->setSpacing(0); connect(this->button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(handleClick())); // Connects clicked signal with handleClick slot. redrawCell(); // Calls function to redraw (set new type for) the cell. } // Basic destructor. GridCell::~GridCell() { delete this->button; } // Accessor for the cell type. CellType GridCell::getType() const { return(this->type); } // Mutator for the cell type. Also has the side effect of causing the cell to be redrawn on the GUI. void GridCell::setType(CellType type) { this->type = type; redrawCell(); } // Handler slot for button clicks. This method is called whenever the user clicks on this cell in the grid. void GridCell::handleClick() { // When clicked on... if(this->type == DEAD) // If type is DEAD (white), change to LIVE (black). type = LIVE; else type = DEAD; // If type is LIVE (black), change to DEAD (white). setType(type); // Sets new type (color). setType Calls redrawCell() to recolor. } // Method to check cell type and return the color of that type. Qt::GlobalColor GridCell::getColorForCellType() { switch(this->type) { default: case DEAD: return Qt::white; case LIVE: return Qt::black; } } // Helper method. Forces current cell to be redrawn on the GUI. Called whenever the setType method is invoked. void GridCell::redrawCell() { Qt::GlobalColor gc = getColorForCellType(); //Find out what color this cell should be. this->button->setPalette(QPalette(gc,gc)); //Force the button in the cell to be the proper color. this->button->setAutoFillBackground(true); this->button->setFlat(true); //Force QT to NOT draw the borders on the button } gridwindow.h // A header file for a QT window that holds a grid of cells. #ifndef GRIDWINDOW_H_ #define GRIDWINDOW_H_ #include <vector> #include <QWidget> #include <QTimer> #include <QGridLayout> #include <QLabel> #include <QApplication> #include "gridcell.h" /* class GridWindow: This is the class representing the whole window that comes up when this program runs. It contains a header section with a title, a middle section of MxN cells and a bottom section with buttons. */ class GridWindow : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT // Macro to allow this object to have signals & slots. private: std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> > cells; // A 2D vector containing pointers to all the cells in the grid. QLabel *title; // A pointer to the Title text on the window. QTimer *timer; // Creates timer object. public slots: void handleClear(); // Handler function for clicking the Clear button. void handleStart(); // Handler function for clicking the Start button. void handlePause(); // Handler function for clicking the Pause button. void timerFired(); // Method called whenever timer fires. public: GridWindow(QWidget *parent = NULL,int rows=3,int cols=3); // Constructor. virtual ~GridWindow(); // Destructor. std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> >& getCells(); // Accessor for the array of grid cells. private: QHBoxLayout* setupHeader(); // Helper function to construct the GUI header. QGridLayout* setupGrid(int rows,int cols); // Helper function to constructor the GUI's grid. QHBoxLayout* setupButtonRow(); // Helper function to setup the row of buttons at the bottom. }; #endif gridwindow.cpp #include <iostream> #include "gridwindow.h" using namespace std; // Constructor for window. It constructs the three portions of the GUI and lays them out vertically. GridWindow::GridWindow(QWidget *parent,int rows,int cols) : QWidget(parent) { QHBoxLayout *header = setupHeader(); // Setup the title at the top. QGridLayout *grid = setupGrid(rows,cols); // Setup the grid of colored cells in the middle. QHBoxLayout *buttonRow = setupButtonRow(); // Setup the row of buttons across the bottom. QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout(); // Puts everything together. layout->addLayout(header); layout->addLayout(grid); layout->addLayout(buttonRow); setLayout(layout); } // Destructor. GridWindow::~GridWindow() { delete title; } // Builds header section of the GUI. QHBoxLayout* GridWindow::setupHeader() { QHBoxLayout *header = new QHBoxLayout(); // Creates horizontal box. header->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); this->title = new QLabel("CONWAY'S GAME OF LIFE",this); // Creates big, bold, centered label (title): "Conway's Game of Life." this->title->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); this->title->setFont(QFont("Arial", 32, QFont::Bold)); header->addWidget(this->title); // Adds widget to layout. return header; // Returns header to grid window. } // Builds the grid of cells. This method populates the grid's 2D array of GridCells with MxN cells. QGridLayout* GridWindow::setupGrid(int rows,int cols) { QGridLayout *grid = new QGridLayout(); // Creates grid layout. grid->setHorizontalSpacing(0); // No empty spaces. Cells should be contiguous. grid->setVerticalSpacing(0); grid->setSpacing(0); grid->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); for(int i=0; i < rows; i++) //Each row is a vector of grid cells. { std::vector<GridCell*> row; // Creates new vector for current row. cells.push_back(row); for(int j=0; j < cols; j++) { GridCell *cell = new GridCell(); // Creates and adds new cell to row. cells.at(i).push_back(cell); grid->addWidget(cell,i,j); // Adds to cell to grid layout. Column expands vertically. grid->setColumnStretch(j,1); } grid->setRowStretch(i,1); // Sets row expansion horizontally. } return grid; // Returns grid. } // Builds footer section of the GUI. QHBoxLayout* GridWindow::setupButtonRow() { QHBoxLayout *buttonRow = new QHBoxLayout(); // Creates horizontal box for buttons. buttonRow->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); // Clear Button - Clears cell; sets them all to DEAD/white. QPushButton *clearButton = new QPushButton("CLEAR"); clearButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(clearButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handleClear())); buttonRow->addWidget(clearButton); // Start Button - Starts game when user clicks. Or, resumes game after being paused. QPushButton *startButton = new QPushButton("START/RESUME"); startButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(startButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handleStart())); buttonRow->addWidget(startButton); // Pause Button - Pauses simulation of game. QPushButton *pauseButton = new QPushButton("PAUSE"); pauseButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(pauseButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handlePause())); buttonRow->addWidget(pauseButton); // Quit Button - Exits program. QPushButton *quitButton = new QPushButton("EXIT"); quitButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(quitButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit())); buttonRow->addWidget(quitButton); return buttonRow; // Returns bottom of layout. } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "clear" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "Clear" button and sets all cells to DEAD. */ void GridWindow::handleClear() { for(unsigned int row=0; row < cells.size(); row++) // Loops through current rows' cells. { for(unsigned int col=0; col < cells[row].size(); col++) { GridCell *cell = cells[row][col]; // Grab the current cell & set its value to dead. cell->setType(DEAD); } } } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "start" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "start" button and begins game simulation. */ void GridWindow::handleStart() { this->timer = new QTimer(this); // Creates new timer. connect(this->timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(timerFired())); // Connect "timerFired" method class to the "timeout" signal fired by the timer. this->timer->start(500); // Timer to fire every 500 milliseconds. } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "pause" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "pause" button and stops the game simulation. */ void GridWindow::handlePause() { this->timer->stop(); // Stops the timer. delete this->timer; // Deletes timer. } // Accessor method - Gets the 2D vector of grid cells. std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> >& GridWindow::getCells() { return this->cells; } void GridWindow::timerFired() { // I'm not sure how to write this code. // I want to take the original vector-vector, and also make a new, empty vector-vector of the same size. // I would then go through the code below with the original vector, and apply the rules to the new vector-vector. // Finally, I would make the new vector-vecotr the original vector-vector. (That would be one step in the simulation.) cout << cells[1][2]; /* for (unsigned int m = 0; m < original.size(); m++) { for (unsigned int n = 0; n < original.at(m).size(); n++) { unsigned int neighbors = 0; //Begin counting number of neighbors. if (original[m-1][n-1].getType() == LIVE) // If a cell next to [i][j] is LIVE, add one to the neighbor count. neighbors += 1; if (original[m-1][n].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m-1][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n-1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n-1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && neighbors < 2) // Apply game rules to cells: Create new, updated grid with the roundtwo vector. roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); else if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && neighbors > 3) roundtwo[m][n].setType(DEAD); else if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && (neighbors == 2 || neighbors == 3)) roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); else if (original[m][n].getType() == DEAD && neighbors == 3) roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); } }*/ }

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