Search Results

Search found 161 results on 7 pages for 'memcpy'.

Page 7/7 | < Previous Page | 3 4 5 6 7 

  • Can you help me get my head around openssl public key encryption with rsa.h in c++?

    - by Ben
    Hi there, I am trying to get my head around public key encryption using the openssl implementation of rsa in C++. Can you help? So far these are my thoughts (please do correct if necessary) Alice is connected to Bob over a network Alice and Bob want secure communications Alice generates a public / private key pair and sends public key to Bob Bob receives public key and encrypts a randomly generated symmetric cypher key (e.g. blowfish) with the public key and sends the result to Alice Alice decrypts the ciphertext with the originally generated private key and obtains the symmetric blowfish key Alice and Bob now both have knowledge of symmetric blowfish key and can establish a secure communication channel Now, I have looked at the openssl/rsa.h rsa implementation (since I already have practical experience with openssl/blowfish.h), and I see these two functions: int RSA_public_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from, unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding); int RSA_private_decrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from, unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding); If Alice is to generate *rsa, how does this yield the rsa key pair? Is there something like rsa_public and rsa_private which are derived from rsa? Does *rsa contain both public and private key and the above function automatically strips out the necessary key depending on whether it requires the public or private part? Should two unique *rsa pointers be generated so that actually, we have the following: int RSA_public_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from, unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa_public, int padding); int RSA_private_decrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from, unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa_private, int padding); Secondly, in what format should the *rsa public key be sent to Bob? Must it be reinterpreted in to a character array and then sent the standard way? I've heard something about certificates -- are they anything to do with it? Sorry for all the questions, Best Wishes, Ben. EDIT: Coe I am currently employing: /* * theEncryptor.cpp * * * Created by ben on 14/01/2010. * Copyright 2010 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. * */ #include "theEncryptor.h" #include <iostream> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sstream> theEncryptor::theEncryptor() { } void theEncryptor::blowfish(unsigned char *data, int data_len, unsigned char* key, int enc) { // hash the key first! unsigned char obuf[20]; bzero(obuf,20); SHA1((const unsigned char*)key, 64, obuf); BF_KEY bfkey; int keySize = 16;//strlen((char*)key); BF_set_key(&bfkey, keySize, obuf); unsigned char ivec[16]; memset(ivec, 0, 16); unsigned char* out=(unsigned char*) malloc(data_len); bzero(out,data_len); int num = 0; BF_cfb64_encrypt(data, out, data_len, &bfkey, ivec, &num, enc); //for(int i = 0;i<data_len;i++)data[i]=out[i]; memcpy(data, out, data_len); free(out); } void theEncryptor::generateRSAKeyPair(int bits) { rsa = RSA_generate_key(bits, 65537, NULL, NULL); } int theEncryptor::publicEncrypt(unsigned char* data, unsigned char* dataEncrypted,int dataLen) { return RSA_public_encrypt(dataLen, data, dataEncrypted, rsa, RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING); } int theEncryptor::privateDecrypt(unsigned char* dataEncrypted, unsigned char* dataDecrypted) { return RSA_private_decrypt(RSA_size(rsa), dataEncrypted, dataDecrypted, rsa, RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING); } void theEncryptor::receivePublicKeyAndSetRSA(int sock, int bits) { int max_hex_size = (bits / 4) + 1; char keybufA[max_hex_size]; bzero(keybufA,max_hex_size); char keybufB[max_hex_size]; bzero(keybufB,max_hex_size); int n = recv(sock,keybufA,max_hex_size,0); n = send(sock,"OK",2,0); n = recv(sock,keybufB,max_hex_size,0); n = send(sock,"OK",2,0); rsa = RSA_new(); BN_hex2bn(&rsa->n, keybufA); BN_hex2bn(&rsa->e, keybufB); } void theEncryptor::transmitPublicKey(int sock, int bits) { const int max_hex_size = (bits / 4) + 1; long size = max_hex_size; char keyBufferA[size]; char keyBufferB[size]; bzero(keyBufferA,size); bzero(keyBufferB,size); sprintf(keyBufferA,"%s\r\n",BN_bn2hex(rsa->n)); sprintf(keyBufferB,"%s\r\n",BN_bn2hex(rsa->e)); int n = send(sock,keyBufferA,size,0); char recBuf[2]; n = recv(sock,recBuf,2,0); n = send(sock,keyBufferB,size,0); n = recv(sock,recBuf,2,0); } void theEncryptor::generateRandomBlowfishKey(unsigned char* key, int bytes) { /* srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) ); std::ostringstream stm; for(int i = 0;i<bytes;i++){ int randomValue = 65 + rand()% 26; stm << (char)((int)randomValue); } std::string str(stm.str()); const char* strs = str.c_str(); for(int i = 0;bytes;i++)key[i]=strs[i]; */ int n = RAND_bytes(key, bytes); if(n==0)std::cout<<"Warning key was generated with bad entropy. You should not consider communication to be secure"<<std::endl; } theEncryptor::~theEncryptor(){}

    Read the article

  • Why is Apache seg faulting?

    - by Jamie Howard
    We have a production server that seems to Seg Fault a few times every day. The fault is picked up by Apache and logged in the error log - but there seems to be no traffic around the time. If it's a request generating the fault then it looks like it happens before any other logging is made so I can't see how it's happening so it's very hard to debug. Our setup is Linux 64 bit Centos 5.3 Apache is loaded with the following modules apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES | more Loaded Modules: core_module (static) mpm_prefork_module (static) http_module (static) so_module (static) auth_basic_module (shared) auth_digest_module (shared) authn_file_module (shared) authn_alias_module (shared) authn_anon_module (shared) authn_dbm_module (shared) authn_default_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_owner_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_dbm_module (shared) authz_default_module (shared) ldap_module (shared) authnz_ldap_module (shared) include_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) logio_module (shared) env_module (shared) ext_filter_module (shared) mime_magic_module (shared) expires_module (shared) deflate_module (shared) headers_module (shared) usertrack_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) mime_module (shared) dav_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) info_module (shared) dav_fs_module (shared) vhost_alias_module (shared) negotiation_module (shared) dir_module (shared) actions_module (shared) speling_module (shared) userdir_module (shared) alias_module (shared) rewrite_module (shared) proxy_module (shared) proxy_balancer_module (shared) proxy_ftp_module (shared) proxy_http_module (shared) proxy_connect_module (shared) cache_module (shared) suexec_module (shared) disk_cache_module (shared) file_cache_module (shared) mem_cache_module (shared) cgi_module (shared) version_module (shared) security2_module (shared) unique_id_module (shared) fcgid_module (shared) php5_module (shared) proxy_ajp_module (shared) ssl_module (shared) Here's an exert from the Apache error log: [Mon Mar 15 06:39:25 2010] [error] [client 213.246.222.74] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 07:41:31 2010] [error] [client 213.246.222.74] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 08:24:16 2010] [error] [client 67.19.250.146] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 08:43:46 2010] [error] [client 213.246.222.74] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 08:54:02 2010] [error] [client 74.208.123.71] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 09:09:51 2010] [notice] child pid 2138 exit signal Segmentation fault (11), possible coredump in /tmp [Mon Mar 15 09:45:27 2010] [error] [client 213.246.222.74] client sent HTTP/1.1 request without hostname (see RFC2616 section 14.23): /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) [Mon Mar 15 09:49:05 2010] [error] [client 190.12.113.196] File does not exist: /var/www/vhosts/default/htdocs/phpMyAdmin [Mon Mar 15 09:49:06 2010] [error] [client 190.12.113.196] File does not exist: /var/www/vhosts/default/htdocs/PMA And the Access log around the same time (09:09:51): 213.246.222.74 - - [15/Mar/2010:08:43:46 +0000] "GET /" 400 561 "-" "-" 208.80.193.28 - - [15/Mar/2010:08:52:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 301 313 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0; SU 2.009)" 74.208.123.71 - - [15/Mar/2010:08:54:02 +0000] "GET /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) HTTP/1.1" 400 298 "-" "-" 81.149.146.231 - - [15/Mar/2010:09:15:18 +0000] "GET /zabbix/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3565 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_2; en-us) AppleWebKit/531.21.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Safari/531.21.10" 81.158.71.196 - - [15/Mar/2010:09:16:06 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 301 313 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.4; en-US; rv:1.9.0.18) Gecko/2010020219 Firefox/3.0.18" 213.246.222.74 - - [15/Mar/2010:09:45:27 +0000] "GET /" 400 561 "-" "-" 213.246.222.74 - - [15/Mar/2010:09:45:27 +0000] "GET /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) HTTP/1.1" 400 298 "-" "-" 190.12.113.196 - - [15/Mar/2010:09:49:05 +0000] "GET /phpMyAdmin/main.php HTTP/1.0" 404 295 "-" "-" So As you can see, there's no access logged around the time of the fault!! How annoying :s I enabled core dumps and here is the backtrace: #0 0x00007f9c8c8a858b in memcpy () from /lib64/libc.so.6 No symbol table info available. #1 0x00007f9c8cfb066d in apr_pstrcat (a=<value optimized out>) at strings/apr_strings.c:165 cp = 0x1fa6b "\205¦H\211¦t`¦\003" argp = 0x7f9c9ad790e8 "Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Re"... res = 0x0 saved_lengths = {129643, 2, 43, 140310399395576, 0, 140310394592712} nargs = <value optimized out> len = <value optimized out> adummy = {{gp_offset = 16, fp_offset = 32668, overflow_arg_area = 0x7fff968a0ec0, reg_save_area = 0x7fff968a0de0}} #2 0x00007f9c8cfb1bf9 in apr_table_merge (t=0x7f9c8f83b148, key=0x7f9c85a465fe "Vary", val=0x7f9c9ad99070 "Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer, Referer") at tables/apr_tables.c:688 next_elt = (apr_table_entry_t *) 0x7f9c8f83b270 end_elt = (apr_table_entry_t *) 0x7f9c8f83b270 checksum = <value optimized out> hash = 22 #3 0x00007f9c85a42cfa in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/mod_rewrite.so No symbol table info available. #4 0x00007f9c85a44022 in ?? () from /etc/httpd/modules/mod_rewrite.so No symbol table info available. #5 0x00007f9c8e87bd1a in ap_run_fixups () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #6 0x00007f9c8e88e8f8 in ap_process_request () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #7 0x00007f9c8e88bb40 in ?? () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #8 0x00007f9c8e887ca2 in ap_run_process_connection () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #9 0x00007f9c8e892849 in ?? () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #10 0x00007f9c8e892ada in ?? () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #11 0x00007f9c8e892b90 in ?? () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #12 0x00007f9c8e89387b in ap_mpm_run () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. #13 0x00007f9c8e86de48 in main () from /usr/sbin/httpd No symbol table info available. Can anyone shed any light on how to move forward with this? I can confirm that the server is operational and doesn't appear to be misbehaving - the failures are so infrequent that I haven't seen it do one while making a request myself. Really appreciate any help! Cheers!

    Read the article

  • Concurrent Generation of Sequential Keys

    - by GenTiradentes
    I'm working on a project which generates a very large number of sequential text strings, in a very tight loop. My application makes heavy use of SIMD instruction set extensions like SSE and MMX, in other parts of the program, but the key generator is plain C++. The way my key generator works is I have a keyGenerator class, which holds a single char array that stores the current key. To get the next key, there is a function called "incrementKey," which treats the string as a number, adding one to the string, carrying where necessary. Now, the problem is, the keygen is somewhat of a bottleneck. It's fast, but it would be nice if it were faster. One of the biggest problems is that when I'm generating a set of sequential keys to be processed using my SSE2 code, I have to have the entire set stored in an array, which means I have to sequentially generate and copy 12 strings into an array, one by one, like so: char* keys[12]; for(int i = 0; i < 12; i++) { keys[i] = new char[16]; strcmp(keys[i], keygen++); } So how would you efficiently generate these plaintext strings in order? I need some ideas to help move this along. Concurrency would be nice; as my code is right now, each successive key depends on the previous one, which means that the processor can't start work on the next key until the current one has been completely generated. Here is the code relevant to the key generator: KeyGenerator.h class keyGenerator { public: keyGenerator(unsigned long long location, characterSet* charset) : location(location), charset(charset) { for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) key[i] = 0; charsetStr = charset->getCharsetStr(); integerToKey(); } ~keyGenerator() { } inline void incrementKey() { register size_t keyLength = strlen(key); for(register char* place = key; place; place++) { if(*place == charset->maxChar) { // Overflow, reset char at place *place = charset->minChar; if(!*(place+1)) { // Carry, no space, insert char *(place+1) = charset->minChar; ++keyLength; break; } else { continue; } } else { // Space available, increment char at place if(*place == charset->charSecEnd[0]) *place = charset->charSecBegin[0]; else if(*place == charset->charSecEnd[1]) *place = charset->charSecBegin[1]; (*place)++; break; } } } inline char* operator++() // Pre-increment { incrementKey(); return key; } inline char* operator++(int) // Post-increment { memcpy(postIncrementRetval, key, 16); incrementKey(); return postIncrementRetval; } void integerToKey() { register unsigned long long num = location; if(!num) { key[0] = charsetStr[0]; } else { num++; while(num) { num--; unsigned int remainder = num % charset->length; num /= charset->length; key[strlen(key)] = charsetStr[remainder]; } } } inline unsigned long long keyToInteger() { // TODO return 0; } inline char* getKey() { return key; } private: unsigned long long location; characterSet* charset; std::string charsetStr; char key[16]; // We need a place to store the key for the post increment operation. char postIncrementRetval[16]; }; CharacterSet.h struct characterSet { characterSet() { } characterSet(unsigned int len, int min, int max, int charsec0, int charsec1, int charsec2, int charsec3) { init(length, min, max, charsec0, charsec1, charsec2, charsec3); } void init(unsigned int len, int min, int max, int charsec0, int charsec1, int charsec2, int charsec3) { length = len; minChar = min; maxChar = max; charSecEnd[0] = charsec0; charSecBegin[0] = charsec1; charSecEnd[1] = charsec2; charSecBegin[1] = charsec3; } std::string getCharsetStr() { std::string retval; for(int chr = minChar; chr != maxChar; chr++) { for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) if(chr == charSecEnd[i]) chr = charSecBegin[i]; retval += chr; } return retval; } int minChar, maxChar; // charSec = character set section int charSecEnd[2], charSecBegin[2]; unsigned int length; };

    Read the article

  • std::vector optimisation required

    - by marcp
    I've written a routine that uses std::vector<double> rather heavily. It runs rather slowly and AQTime seems to imply that I am constructing mountains of vectors but I'm not sure why I would be. For some context, my sample run iterates 10 times. Each iteration copies 3 c arrays of ~400 points into vectors and creates 3 new same sized vectors for output. Each output point might be the result of summing up to 20 points from 2 of the input vectors, which works out to a worst case of 10*400*3*2*20 = 480,000 dereferences. Incredibly the profiler indicates that some of the std:: methods are being called 46 MILLION times. I suspect I'm doing something wrong! Some code: vector<double>gdbChannel::GetVector() { if (fHaveDoubleData & (fLength > 0)) { double * pD = getDoublePointer(); vector<double>v(pD, pD + fLength); return v; } else { throw(Exception("attempt to retrieve vector on empty line")); ; } } void gdbChannel::SaveVector(GX_HANDLE _hLine, const vector<double> & V) { if (hLine != _hLine) { GetLine(_hLine, V.size(), true); } GX_DOUBLE * pData = getDoublePointer(); memcpy(pData, &V[0], V.size()*sizeof(V[0])); ReplaceData(); } ///This routine gets called 10 times bool SpecRatio::DoWork(GX_HANDLE_PTR pLine) { if (!(hKin.GetLine(*pLine, true) && hUin.GetLine(*pLine, true) && hTHin.GetLine(*pLine, true))) { return true; } vector<double>vK = hKin.GetVector(); vector<double>vU = hUin.GetVector(); vector<double>vTh = hTHin.GetVector(); if ((vK.size() == 0) || (vU.size() == 0) || (vTh.size() == 0)) { return true; } ///TODO: confirm all vectors the same lenghth len = vK.size(); vUK.clear(); // these 3 vectors are declared as private class members vUTh.clear(); vThK.clear(); vUK.reserve(len); vUTh.reserve(len); vThK.reserve(len); // TODO: ensure everything is same fidincr, fidstart and length for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (vK.at(i) < MinK) { vUK.push_back(rDUMMY); vUTh.push_back(rDUMMY); vThK.push_back(rDUMMY); } else { vUK.push_back(RatioPoint(vU, vK, i, UMin, KMin)); vUTh.push_back(RatioPoint(vU, vTh, i, UMin, ThMin)); vThK.push_back(RatioPoint(vTh, vK, i, ThMin, KMin)); } } hUKout.setFidParams(hKin); hUKout.SaveVector(*pLine, vUK); hUTHout.setFidParams(hKin); hUTHout.SaveVector(*pLine, vUTh); hTHKout.setFidParams(hKin); hTHKout.SaveVector(*pLine, vThK); return TestError(); } double SpecRatio::VValue(vector<double>V, int Index) { double result; if ((Index < 0) || (Index >= len)) { result = 0; } else { try { result = V.at(Index); if (OasisUtils::isDummy(result)) { result = 0; } } catch (out_of_range) { result = 0; } } return result; } double SpecRatio::RatioPoint(vector<double>Num, vector<double>Denom, int Index, double NumMin, double DenomMin) { double num = VValue(Num, Index); double denom = VValue(Denom, Index); int s = 0; // Search equalled 10 in this case while (((num < NumMin) || (denom < DenomMin)) && (s < Search)) { num += VValue(Num, Index - s) + VValue(Num, Index + s); denom += VValue(Denom, Index - s) + VValue(Denom, Index + s); s++; } if ((num < NumMin) || (denom < DenomMin)) { return rDUMMY; } else { return num / denom; } } The top AQTime offenders are: std::_Uninit_copy , double *, std::allocator 3.65 secs and 115731 Hits std::_Construct 1.69 secs and 46450637 Hits std::_Vector_const_iterator ::operator !=1.66 secs and 46566395 Hits and so on... std::allocator<double>::construct, operator new, std::_Vector_const_iterator<double, std::allocator<double> >::operator ++, std::_Vector_const_iterator<double, std::allocator<double> >::operator * std::_Vector_const_iterator<double, std::allocator<double> >::operator == each get called over 46 million times. I'm obviously doing something wrong to cause all these objects to be created. Can anyone see my error(s)?

    Read the article

  • Is it possible to pass a structure of delegates from managed to native?

    - by Veiva
    I am writing a wrapper for the game programming library "Allegro" and its less stable 4.9 branch. Now, I have done good insofar, except for when it comes to wrapping a structure of function pointers. Basically, I can't change the original code, despite having access to it, because that would require me to fork it in some manner. I need to know how I can somehow pass a structure of delegates from managed to native without causing an AccessViolationException that has occurred so far. Now, for the code. Here is the Allegro definition of the structure: typedef struct ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE { AL_METHOD(ALLEGRO_FILE*, fi_fopen, (const char *path, const char *mode)); AL_METHOD(void, fi_fclose, (ALLEGRO_FILE *handle)); AL_METHOD(size_t, fi_fread, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, void *ptr, size_t size)); AL_METHOD(size_t, fi_fwrite, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, const void *ptr, size_t size)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_fflush, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(int64_t, fi_ftell, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_fseek, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, int64_t offset, int whence)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_feof, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(bool, fi_ferror, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); AL_METHOD(int, fi_fungetc, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f, int c)); AL_METHOD(off_t, fi_fsize, (ALLEGRO_FILE *f)); } ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE; My simple attempt at wrapping it: public delegate IntPtr AllegroInternalOpenFileDelegate(string path, string mode); public delegate void AllegroInternalCloseFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate int AllegroInternalReadFileDelegate(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size); public delegate int AllegroInternalWriteFileDelegate(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size); public delegate bool AllegroInternalFlushFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate long AllegroInternalTellFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate bool AllegroInternalSeekFileDelegate(IntPtr file, long offset, int where); public delegate bool AllegroInternalIsEndOfFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate bool AllegroInternalIsErrorFileDelegate(IntPtr file); public delegate int AllegroInternalUngetCharFileDelegate(IntPtr file, int c); public delegate long AllegroInternalFileSizeDelegate(IntPtr file); [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 0)] public struct AllegroInternalFileInterface { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalOpenFileDelegate fi_fopen; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalCloseFileDelegate fi_fclose; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalReadFileDelegate fi_fread; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalWriteFileDelegate fi_fwrite; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalFlushFileDelegate fi_fflush; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalTellFileDelegate fi_ftell; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalSeekFileDelegate fi_fseek; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalIsEndOfFileDelegate fi_feof; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalIsErrorFileDelegate fi_ferror; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalUngetCharFileDelegate fi_fungetc; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)] public AllegroInternalFileSizeDelegate fi_fsize; } I have a simple auxiliary wrapper that turns an ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE into an ALLEGRO_FILE, like so: #define ALLEGRO_NO_MAGIC_MAIN #include <allegro5/allegro5.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <assert.h> __declspec(dllexport) ALLEGRO_FILE * al_aux_create_file(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE * fi) { ALLEGRO_FILE * file; assert(fi && "`fi' null"); file = (ALLEGRO_FILE *)malloc(sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE)); if (!file) return NULL; file->vtable = (ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE *)malloc(sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE)); if (!(file->vtable)) { free(file); return NULL; } memcpy(file->vtable, fi, sizeof(ALLEGRO_FILE_INTERFACE)); return file; } __declspec(dllexport) void al_aux_destroy_file(ALLEGRO_FILE * f) { assert(f && "`f' null"); assert(f->vtable && "`f->vtable' null"); free(f->vtable); free(f); } Lastly, I have a class that accepts a Stream and provides the proper methods to interact with the stream. Just to make sure, here it is: /// <summary> /// A semi-opaque data type that allows one to load fonts, etc from a stream. /// </summary> public class AllegroFile : AllegroResource, IDisposable { AllegroInternalFileInterface fileInterface; Stream fileStream; /// <summary> /// Gets the file interface. /// </summary> internal AllegroInternalFileInterface FileInterface { get { return fileInterface; } } /// <summary> /// Constructs an Allegro file from the stream provided. /// </summary> /// <param name="stream">The stream to use.</param> public AllegroFile(Stream stream) { fileStream = stream; fileInterface = new AllegroInternalFileInterface(); fileInterface.fi_fopen = Open; fileInterface.fi_fclose = Close; fileInterface.fi_fread = Read; fileInterface.fi_fwrite = Write; fileInterface.fi_fflush = Flush; fileInterface.fi_ftell = GetPosition; fileInterface.fi_fseek = Seek; fileInterface.fi_feof = GetIsEndOfFile; fileInterface.fi_ferror = GetIsError; fileInterface.fi_fungetc = UngetCharacter; fileInterface.fi_fsize = GetLength; Resource = AllegroFunctions.al_aux_create_file(ref fileInterface); if (!IsValid) throw new AllegroException("Unable to create file"); } /// <summary> /// Disposes of all resources. /// </summary> ~AllegroFile() { Dispose(); } /// <summary> /// Disposes of all resources used. /// </summary> public void Dispose() { if (IsValid) { Resource = IntPtr.Zero; // Should call AllegroFunctions.al_aux_destroy_file fileStream.Dispose(); } } IntPtr Open(string path, string mode) { return IntPtr.Zero; } void Close(IntPtr file) { fileStream.Close(); } int Read(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size) { byte[] d = new byte[size]; int read = fileStream.Read(d, 0, size); Marshal.Copy(d, 0, data, size); return read; } int Write(IntPtr file, IntPtr data, int size) { byte[] d = new byte[size]; Marshal.Copy(data, d, 0, size); fileStream.Write(d, 0, size); return size; } bool Flush(IntPtr file) { fileStream.Flush(); return true; } long GetPosition(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Position; } bool Seek(IntPtr file, long offset, int whence) { SeekOrigin origin = SeekOrigin.Begin; if (whence == 1) origin = SeekOrigin.Current; else if (whence == 2) origin = SeekOrigin.End; fileStream.Seek(offset, origin); return true; } bool GetIsEndOfFile(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Position == fileStream.Length; } bool GetIsError(IntPtr file) { return false; } int UngetCharacter(IntPtr file, int character) { return -1; } long GetLength(IntPtr file) { return fileStream.Length; } } Now, when I do something like this: AllegroFile file = new AllegroFile(new FileStream("Test.bmp", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite)); bitmap.SaveToFile(file, ".bmp"); ...I get an AccessViolationException. I think I understand why (the garbage collector can relocate structs and classes whenever), but I'd think that the method stub that is created by the framework would take this into consideration and route the calls to the valid classes. However, it seems obviously so that I'm wrong. So basically, is there any way I can successfully wrap that structure? (And I'm sorry for all the code! Hope it's not too much...)

    Read the article

  • C socket programming: select() is returning 0 despite messages sent from server

    - by Fantastic Fourier
    Hey all, I'm using select() to recv() messages from server, using TCP/IP. When I send() messages from the server, it returns a reasonable number of bytes, saying it's sent successful. And it does get to the client successfully when I use while loop to just recv(). Everything is fine and dandy. while(1) recv() // obviously pseudocode However, when I try to use select(), select() returns 0 from timeout (which is set to 1 second) and for the life of me I cannot figure out why it doesn't see the messages sent from the server. I should also mention that when the server disconnects, select() doesn't see that either, where as if I were to use recv(), it would return 0 to indicate that the connection using the socket has been closed. Any inputs or thoughts are deeply appreciated. #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <strings.h> #include <sys/select.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <time.h> #include <unistd.h> #define SERVER_PORT 10000 #define MAX_CONNECTION 20 #define MAX_MSG 50 struct client { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; char g_name[MAX_MSG]; int csock; int host; // 0 = not host of a multicast group struct sockaddr_in client_address; struct client * next_host; struct client * next_client; }; struct fd_info { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; int socks_inuse[MAX_CONNECTION]; int sock_fd, max_fd; int exit; struct client * c_sys; struct sockaddr_in c_address[MAX_CONNECTION]; struct sockaddr_in server_address; struct sockaddr_in client_address; fd_set read_set; }; struct message { char c_name[MAX_MSG]; char g_name[MAX_MSG]; char _command[3][MAX_MSG]; char _payload[MAX_MSG]; struct sockaddr_in client_address; struct client peer; }; int main(int argc, char * argv[]) { char * host; char * temp; int i, sockfd; int msg_len, rv, ready; int connection, management, socketread; int sockfds[MAX_CONNECTION]; // for three threads that handle new connections, user inputs and select() for sockets pthread_t connection_handler, manager, socket_reader; struct sockaddr_in server_address, client_address; struct hostent * hserver, cserver; struct timeval timeout; struct message msg; struct fd_info info; info.exit = 0; // exit information: if exit = 1, threads quit info.c_sys = NULL; // looking up from the host database if (argc == 3) { host = argv[1]; // server address strncpy(info.c_name, argv[2], strlen(argv[2])); // client name } else { printf("plz read the manual, kthxbai\n"); exit(1); } printf("host is %s and hp is %p\n", host, hserver); hserver = gethostbyname(host); if (hserver) { printf("host found: %s\n", hserver->h_name ); } else { printf("host not found\n"); exit(1); } // setting up address and port structure information on serverside bzero((char * ) &server_address, sizeof(server_address)); // copy zeroes into string server_address.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy(&server_address.sin_addr, hserver->h_addr, hserver->h_length); server_address.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); bzero((char * ) &client_address, sizeof(client_address)); // copy zeroes into string client_address.sin_family = AF_INET; client_address.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); client_address.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // opening up socket sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) exit(1); else { printf("socket is opened: %i \n", sockfd); info.sock_fd = sockfd; } // sets up time out option for the bound socket timeout.tv_sec = 1; // seconds timeout.tv_usec = 0; // micro seconds ( 0.5 seconds) setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(struct timeval)); // binding socket to a port rv = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &client_address, sizeof(client_address)); if (rv < 0) { printf("MAIN: ERROR bind() %i: %s\n", errno, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } else printf("socket is bound\n"); printf("MAIN: %li \n", client_address.sin_addr.s_addr); // connecting rv = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_address, sizeof(server_address)); info.server_address = server_address; info.client_address = client_address; info.sock_fd = sockfd; info.max_fd = sockfd; printf("rv = %i\n", rv); if (rv < 0) { printf("MAIN: ERROR connect() %i: %s\n", errno, strerror(errno)); exit(1); } else printf("connected\n"); fd_set readset; FD_ZERO(&readset); FD_ZERO(&info.read_set); FD_SET(info.sock_fd, &info.read_set); while(1) { readset = info.read_set; printf("MAIN: %i \n", readset); ready = select((info.max_fd)+1, &readset, NULL, NULL, &timeout); if(ready == -1) { sleep(2); printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = -1. %s \n", strerror(errno)); } else if (ready == 0) { sleep(2); printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = 0. %s \n", strerror(errno)); } else if (ready > 0) { printf("TEST: MAIN: ready = %i. %s at socket %i \n", ready, strerror(errno), i); for(i = 0; i < ((info.max_fd)+1); i++) { if(FD_ISSET(i, &readset)) { rv = recv(sockfd, &msg, 500, 0); if(rv < 0) continue; else if(rv > 0) printf("MAIN: TEST: %s %s \n", msg._command[0], msg._payload); else if (rv == 0) { sleep(3); printf("MAIN: TEST: SOCKET CLOSEDDDDDD \n"); } FD_CLR(i, &readset); } } } info.read_set = readset; } // close connection close(sockfd); printf("socket closed. BYE! \n"); return(0); }

    Read the article

  • Need help using libpng to read an image

    - by jonathanasdf
    Here is my function... I don't know why it's not working. The resulting image looks nothing like what the .png looks like. But there's no errors either. bool Bullet::read_png(std::string file_name, int pos) { png_structp png_ptr; png_infop info_ptr; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(file_name.c_str(), "rb")) == NULL) { return false; } png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL); if (png_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); return false; } info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr); if (info_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, NULL, NULL); return false; } if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr))) { png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); return false; } png_init_io(png_ptr, fp); png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16 | PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA | PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND, NULL); png_uint_32 width = png_get_image_width(png_ptr, info_ptr); png_uint_32 height = png_get_image_height(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].width = width; imageData[pos].height = height; png_bytepp row_pointers; row_pointers = png_get_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].data = new unsigned int[width*height]; for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { memcpy(&imageData[pos].data[i*width], &row_pointers[i], width*sizeof(unsigned int)); } png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { for (unsigned int j=0; j < width; ++j) { unsigned int val = imageData[pos].data[i*width+j]; if (val != 0) { unsigned int a = ((val >> 24)); unsigned int r = (((val - (a << 24)) >> 16)); unsigned int g = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16)) >> 8)); unsigned int b = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16) - (g << 8)))); // for debugging std::string s(AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(i*width+j))); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(val)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(a)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(r)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(g)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(b)); AS3_Trace(AS3_String(s.c_str())); } } } return true; } ImageData is just a simple struct to keep x, y, width, and height, and imageData is an array of that struct. struct ImageData { int x; int y; int width; int height; unsigned int* data; }; Here is a side by side screenshot of the input and output graphics (something I made in a minute for testing), and this was after setting alpha to 255 in order to make it show up (because the alpha I was getting back was 1). Left side is original, right side is what happened after reading it through this function. Scaled up 400% for visibility. Here is a log of the traces: 0 16855328 1 1 49 32 1 16855424 1 1 49 128 2 16855456 1 1 49 160 3 16855488 1 1 49 192 4 16855520 1 1 49 224 5 16855552 1 1 50 0 6 16855584 1 1 50 32 7 16855616 1 1 50 64 8 16855424 1 1 49 128 9 16855456 1 1 49 160 10 16855488 1 1 49 192 11 16855520 1 1 49 224 12 16855552 1 1 50 0 13 16855584 1 1 50 32 14 16855616 1 1 50 64 15 16855648 1 1 50 96 16 16855456 1 1 49 160 17 16855488 1 1 49 192 18 16855520 1 1 49 224 19 16855552 1 1 50 0 20 16855584 1 1 50 32 21 16855616 1 1 50 64 22 16855648 1 1 50 96 23 16855680 1 1 50 128 24 16855488 1 1 49 192 25 16855520 1 1 49 224 26 16855552 1 1 50 0 27 16855584 1 1 50 32 28 16855616 1 1 50 64 29 16855648 1 1 50 96 30 16855680 1 1 50 128 31 16855712 1 1 50 160 32 16855520 1 1 49 224 33 16855552 1 1 50 0 34 16855584 1 1 50 32 35 16855616 1 1 50 64 36 16855648 1 1 50 96 37 16855680 1 1 50 128 38 16855712 1 1 50 160 39 16855744 1 1 50 192 40 16855552 1 1 50 0 41 16855584 1 1 50 32 42 16855616 1 1 50 64 43 16855648 1 1 50 96 44 16855680 1 1 50 128 45 16855712 1 1 50 160 46 16855744 1 1 50 192 47 16855776 1 1 50 224 48 16855584 1 1 50 32 49 16855616 1 1 50 64 50 16855648 1 1 50 96 51 16855680 1 1 50 128 52 16855712 1 1 50 160 53 16855744 1 1 50 192 54 16855776 1 1 50 224 55 16855808 1 1 51 0 56 16855616 1 1 50 64 57 16855648 1 1 50 96 58 16855680 1 1 50 128 59 16855712 1 1 50 160 60 16855744 1 1 50 192 61 16855776 1 1 50 224 62 16855808 1 1 51 0 63 16855840 1 1 51 32 64 16855648 1 1 50 96 65 16855680 1 1 50 128 66 16855712 1 1 50 160 67 16855744 1 1 50 192 68 16855776 1 1 50 224 69 16855808 1 1 51 0 70 16855840 1 1 51 32 71 16855872 1 1 51 64 72 16855680 1 1 50 128 73 16855712 1 1 50 160 74 16855744 1 1 50 192 75 16855776 1 1 50 224 76 16855808 1 1 51 0 77 16855840 1 1 51 32 78 16855872 1 1 51 64 79 16855904 1 1 51 96 80 16855712 1 1 50 160 81 16855744 1 1 50 192 82 16855776 1 1 50 224 83 16855808 1 1 51 0 84 16855840 1 1 51 32 85 16855872 1 1 51 64 86 16855904 1 1 51 96 87 16855936 1 1 51 128 88 16855744 1 1 50 192 89 16855776 1 1 50 224 90 16855808 1 1 51 0 91 16855840 1 1 51 32 92 16855872 1 1 51 64 93 16855904 1 1 51 96 94 16855936 1 1 51 128 95 16855968 1 1 51 160 96 16855776 1 1 50 224 97 16855808 1 1 51 0 98 16855840 1 1 51 32 99 16855872 1 1 51 64 100 16855904 1 1 51 96 101 16855936 1 1 51 128 102 16855968 1 1 51 160 103 16856000 1 1 51 192 104 16855808 1 1 51 0 105 16855840 1 1 51 32 106 16855872 1 1 51 64 107 16855904 1 1 51 96 108 16855936 1 1 51 128 109 16855968 1 1 51 160 110 16856000 1 1 51 192 111 16856032 1 1 51 224 112 16855840 1 1 51 32 113 16855872 1 1 51 64 114 16855904 1 1 51 96 115 16855936 1 1 51 128 116 16855968 1 1 51 160 117 16856000 1 1 51 192 118 16856032 1 1 51 224 119 16856064 1 1 52 0 120 16855872 1 1 51 64 121 16855904 1 1 51 96 122 16855936 1 1 51 128 123 16855968 1 1 51 160 124 16856000 1 1 51 192 125 16856032 1 1 51 224 126 16856064 1 1 52 0 127 16856096 1 1 52 32 128 16855904 1 1 51 96 129 16855936 1 1 51 128 130 16855968 1 1 51 160 131 16856000 1 1 51 192 132 16856032 1 1 51 224 133 16856064 1 1 52 0 134 16856096 1 1 52 32 135 16856128 1 1 52 64 136 16855936 1 1 51 128 137 16855968 1 1 51 160 138 16856000 1 1 51 192 139 16856032 1 1 51 224 140 16856064 1 1 52 0 141 16856096 1 1 52 32 142 16856128 1 1 52 64 143 16856160 1 1 52 96 144 16855968 1 1 51 160 145 16856000 1 1 51 192 146 16856032 1 1 51 224 147 16856064 1 1 52 0 148 16856096 1 1 52 32 149 16856128 1 1 52 64 150 16856160 1 1 52 96 151 16856192 1 1 52 128 152 16856000 1 1 51 192 153 16856032 1 1 51 224 154 16856064 1 1 52 0 155 16856096 1 1 52 32 156 16856128 1 1 52 64 157 16856160 1 1 52 96 158 16856192 1 1 52 128 159 16856224 1 1 52 160 160 16856032 1 1 51 224 161 16856064 1 1 52 0 162 16856096 1 1 52 32 163 16856128 1 1 52 64 164 16856160 1 1 52 96 165 16856192 1 1 52 128 166 16856224 1 1 52 160 167 16856256 1 1 52 192 168 16856064 1 1 52 0 169 16856096 1 1 52 32 170 16856128 1 1 52 64 171 16856160 1 1 52 96 172 16856192 1 1 52 128 173 16856224 1 1 52 160 174 16856256 1 1 52 192 175 16856288 1 1 52 224 176 16856096 1 1 52 32 177 16856128 1 1 52 64 178 16856160 1 1 52 96 179 16856192 1 1 52 128 180 16856224 1 1 52 160 181 16856256 1 1 52 192 182 16856288 1 1 52 224 183 16856320 1 1 53 0 184 16856128 1 1 52 64 185 16856160 1 1 52 96 186 16856192 1 1 52 128 187 16856224 1 1 52 160 188 16856256 1 1 52 192 189 16856288 1 1 52 224 190 16856320 1 1 53 0 192 16856160 1 1 52 96 193 16856192 1 1 52 128 194 16856224 1 1 52 160 195 16856256 1 1 52 192 196 16856288 1 1 52 224 197 16856320 1 1 53 0 200 16856192 1 1 52 128 201 16856224 1 1 52 160 202 16856256 1 1 52 192 203 16856288 1 1 52 224 204 16856320 1 1 53 0 208 16856224 1 1 52 160 209 16856256 1 1 52 192 210 16856288 1 1 52 224 211 16856320 1 1 53 0 216 16856256 1 1 52 192 217 16856288 1 1 52 224 218 16856320 1 1 53 0 224 16856288 1 1 52 224 225 16856320 1 1 53 0 232 16856320 1 1 53 0 Was stuck on this for a couple of days.

    Read the article

  • libpng cannot read an image properly

    - by jonathanasdf
    Here is my function... I don't know why it's not working. The resulting image looks nothing like what the .png looks like. But there's no errors either. bool Bullet::read_png(std::string file_name, int pos) { png_structp png_ptr; png_infop info_ptr; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(file_name.c_str(), "rb")) == NULL) { return false; } png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL); if (png_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); return false; } info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr); if (info_ptr == NULL) { fclose(fp); png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, NULL, NULL); return false; } if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr))) { png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); return false; } png_init_io(png_ptr, fp); png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16 | PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA | PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND, NULL); png_uint_32 width = png_get_image_width(png_ptr, info_ptr); png_uint_32 height = png_get_image_height(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].width = width; imageData[pos].height = height; png_bytepp row_pointers; row_pointers = png_get_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr); imageData[pos].data = new unsigned int[width*height]; for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { memcpy(&imageData[pos].data[i*width], &row_pointers[i], width*sizeof(unsigned int)); } png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr, NULL); fclose(fp); for (unsigned int i=0; i < height; ++i) { for (unsigned int j=0; j < width; ++j) { unsigned int val = imageData[pos].data[i*width+j]; if (val != 0) { unsigned int a = ((val >> 24)); unsigned int r = (((val - (a << 24)) >> 16)); unsigned int g = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16)) >> 8)); unsigned int b = (((val - (a << 24) - (r << 16) - (g << 8)))); // for debugging std::string s(AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(i*width+j))); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(val)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(a)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(r)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(g)); s += " "; s += AS3_StringValue(AS3_Int(b)); AS3_Trace(AS3_String(s.c_str())); } } } return true; } ImageData is just a simple struct to keep x, y, width, and height, and imageData is an array of that struct. struct ImageData { int x; int y; int width; int height; unsigned int* data; }; Here is a side by side screenshot of the input and output graphics (something I made in a minute for testing), and this was after setting alpha to 255 in order to make it show up (because the alpha I was getting back was 1). Left side is original, right side is what happened after reading it through this function. Scaled up 400% for visibility. Here is a log of the traces: 0 16855328 1 1 49 32 1 16855424 1 1 49 128 2 16855456 1 1 49 160 3 16855488 1 1 49 192 4 16855520 1 1 49 224 5 16855552 1 1 50 0 6 16855584 1 1 50 32 7 16855616 1 1 50 64 8 16855424 1 1 49 128 9 16855456 1 1 49 160 10 16855488 1 1 49 192 11 16855520 1 1 49 224 12 16855552 1 1 50 0 13 16855584 1 1 50 32 14 16855616 1 1 50 64 15 16855648 1 1 50 96 16 16855456 1 1 49 160 17 16855488 1 1 49 192 18 16855520 1 1 49 224 19 16855552 1 1 50 0 20 16855584 1 1 50 32 21 16855616 1 1 50 64 22 16855648 1 1 50 96 23 16855680 1 1 50 128 24 16855488 1 1 49 192 25 16855520 1 1 49 224 26 16855552 1 1 50 0 27 16855584 1 1 50 32 28 16855616 1 1 50 64 29 16855648 1 1 50 96 30 16855680 1 1 50 128 31 16855712 1 1 50 160 32 16855520 1 1 49 224 33 16855552 1 1 50 0 34 16855584 1 1 50 32 35 16855616 1 1 50 64 36 16855648 1 1 50 96 37 16855680 1 1 50 128 38 16855712 1 1 50 160 39 16855744 1 1 50 192 40 16855552 1 1 50 0 41 16855584 1 1 50 32 42 16855616 1 1 50 64 43 16855648 1 1 50 96 44 16855680 1 1 50 128 45 16855712 1 1 50 160 46 16855744 1 1 50 192 47 16855776 1 1 50 224 48 16855584 1 1 50 32 49 16855616 1 1 50 64 50 16855648 1 1 50 96 51 16855680 1 1 50 128 52 16855712 1 1 50 160 53 16855744 1 1 50 192 54 16855776 1 1 50 224 55 16855808 1 1 51 0 56 16855616 1 1 50 64 57 16855648 1 1 50 96 58 16855680 1 1 50 128 59 16855712 1 1 50 160 60 16855744 1 1 50 192 61 16855776 1 1 50 224 62 16855808 1 1 51 0 63 16855840 1 1 51 32 64 16855648 1 1 50 96 65 16855680 1 1 50 128 66 16855712 1 1 50 160 67 16855744 1 1 50 192 68 16855776 1 1 50 224 69 16855808 1 1 51 0 70 16855840 1 1 51 32 71 16855872 1 1 51 64 72 16855680 1 1 50 128 73 16855712 1 1 50 160 74 16855744 1 1 50 192 75 16855776 1 1 50 224 76 16855808 1 1 51 0 77 16855840 1 1 51 32 78 16855872 1 1 51 64 79 16855904 1 1 51 96 80 16855712 1 1 50 160 81 16855744 1 1 50 192 82 16855776 1 1 50 224 83 16855808 1 1 51 0 84 16855840 1 1 51 32 85 16855872 1 1 51 64 86 16855904 1 1 51 96 87 16855936 1 1 51 128 88 16855744 1 1 50 192 89 16855776 1 1 50 224 90 16855808 1 1 51 0 91 16855840 1 1 51 32 92 16855872 1 1 51 64 93 16855904 1 1 51 96 94 16855936 1 1 51 128 95 16855968 1 1 51 160 96 16855776 1 1 50 224 97 16855808 1 1 51 0 98 16855840 1 1 51 32 99 16855872 1 1 51 64 100 16855904 1 1 51 96 101 16855936 1 1 51 128 102 16855968 1 1 51 160 103 16856000 1 1 51 192 104 16855808 1 1 51 0 105 16855840 1 1 51 32 106 16855872 1 1 51 64 107 16855904 1 1 51 96 108 16855936 1 1 51 128 109 16855968 1 1 51 160 110 16856000 1 1 51 192 111 16856032 1 1 51 224 112 16855840 1 1 51 32 113 16855872 1 1 51 64 114 16855904 1 1 51 96 115 16855936 1 1 51 128 116 16855968 1 1 51 160 117 16856000 1 1 51 192 118 16856032 1 1 51 224 119 16856064 1 1 52 0 120 16855872 1 1 51 64 121 16855904 1 1 51 96 122 16855936 1 1 51 128 123 16855968 1 1 51 160 124 16856000 1 1 51 192 125 16856032 1 1 51 224 126 16856064 1 1 52 0 127 16856096 1 1 52 32 128 16855904 1 1 51 96 129 16855936 1 1 51 128 130 16855968 1 1 51 160 131 16856000 1 1 51 192 132 16856032 1 1 51 224 133 16856064 1 1 52 0 134 16856096 1 1 52 32 135 16856128 1 1 52 64 136 16855936 1 1 51 128 137 16855968 1 1 51 160 138 16856000 1 1 51 192 139 16856032 1 1 51 224 140 16856064 1 1 52 0 141 16856096 1 1 52 32 142 16856128 1 1 52 64 143 16856160 1 1 52 96 144 16855968 1 1 51 160 145 16856000 1 1 51 192 146 16856032 1 1 51 224 147 16856064 1 1 52 0 148 16856096 1 1 52 32 149 16856128 1 1 52 64 150 16856160 1 1 52 96 151 16856192 1 1 52 128 152 16856000 1 1 51 192 153 16856032 1 1 51 224 154 16856064 1 1 52 0 155 16856096 1 1 52 32 156 16856128 1 1 52 64 157 16856160 1 1 52 96 158 16856192 1 1 52 128 159 16856224 1 1 52 160 160 16856032 1 1 51 224 161 16856064 1 1 52 0 162 16856096 1 1 52 32 163 16856128 1 1 52 64 164 16856160 1 1 52 96 165 16856192 1 1 52 128 166 16856224 1 1 52 160 167 16856256 1 1 52 192 168 16856064 1 1 52 0 169 16856096 1 1 52 32 170 16856128 1 1 52 64 171 16856160 1 1 52 96 172 16856192 1 1 52 128 173 16856224 1 1 52 160 174 16856256 1 1 52 192 175 16856288 1 1 52 224 176 16856096 1 1 52 32 177 16856128 1 1 52 64 178 16856160 1 1 52 96 179 16856192 1 1 52 128 180 16856224 1 1 52 160 181 16856256 1 1 52 192 182 16856288 1 1 52 224 183 16856320 1 1 53 0 184 16856128 1 1 52 64 185 16856160 1 1 52 96 186 16856192 1 1 52 128 187 16856224 1 1 52 160 188 16856256 1 1 52 192 189 16856288 1 1 52 224 190 16856320 1 1 53 0 192 16856160 1 1 52 96 193 16856192 1 1 52 128 194 16856224 1 1 52 160 195 16856256 1 1 52 192 196 16856288 1 1 52 224 197 16856320 1 1 53 0 200 16856192 1 1 52 128 201 16856224 1 1 52 160 202 16856256 1 1 52 192 203 16856288 1 1 52 224 204 16856320 1 1 53 0 208 16856224 1 1 52 160 209 16856256 1 1 52 192 210 16856288 1 1 52 224 211 16856320 1 1 53 0 216 16856256 1 1 52 192 217 16856288 1 1 52 224 218 16856320 1 1 53 0 224 16856288 1 1 52 224 225 16856320 1 1 53 0 232 16856320 1 1 53 0 Was stuck on this for a couple of days.

    Read the article

  • Play and record streaming audio

    - by Igor
    I'm working on an iPhone app that should be able to play and record audio streaming data simultaneously. Is it actually possible? I'm trying to mix SpeakHere and AudioRecorder samples and getting an empty file with no audio data... Here is my .m code: import "AzRadioViewController.h" @implementation azRadioViewController static const CFOptionFlags kNetworkEvents = kCFStreamEventOpenCompleted | kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvailable | kCFStreamEventEndEncountered | kCFStreamEventErrorOccurred; void MyAudioQueueOutputCallback( void* inClientData, AudioQueueRef inAQ, AudioQueueBufferRef inBuffer, const AudioTimeStamp inStartTime, UInt32 inNumberPacketDescriptions, const AudioStreamPacketDescription inPacketDesc ) { NSLog(@"start MyAudioQueueOutputCallback"); MyData* myData = (MyData*)inClientData; NSLog(@"--- %i", inNumberPacketDescriptions); if(inNumberPacketDescriptions == 0 && myData-dataFormat.mBytesPerPacket != 0) { inNumberPacketDescriptions = inBuffer-mAudioDataByteSize / myData-dataFormat.mBytesPerPacket; } OSStatus status = AudioFileWritePackets(myData-audioFile, FALSE, inBuffer-mAudioDataByteSize, inPacketDesc, myData-currentPacket, &inNumberPacketDescriptions, inBuffer-mAudioData); if(status == 0) { myData-currentPacket += inNumberPacketDescriptions; } NSLog(@"status:%i curpac:%i pcdesct: %i", status, myData-currentPacket, inNumberPacketDescriptions); unsigned int bufIndex = MyFindQueueBuffer(myData, inBuffer); pthread_mutex_lock(&myData-mutex); myData-inuse[bufIndex] = false; pthread_cond_signal(&myData-cond); pthread_mutex_unlock(&myData-mutex); } OSStatus StartQueueIfNeeded(MyData* myData) { NSLog(@"start StartQueueIfNeeded"); OSStatus err = noErr; if (!myData-started) { err = AudioQueueStart(myData-queue, NULL); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioQueueStart"); myData-failed = true; return err; } myData-started = true; printf("started\n"); } return err; } OSStatus MyEnqueueBuffer(MyData* myData) { NSLog(@"start MyEnqueueBuffer"); OSStatus err = noErr; myData-inuse[myData-fillBufferIndex] = true; AudioQueueBufferRef fillBuf = myData-audioQueueBuffer[myData-fillBufferIndex]; fillBuf-mAudioDataByteSize = myData-bytesFilled; err = AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer(myData-queue, fillBuf, myData-packetsFilled, myData-packetDescs); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioQueueEnqueueBuffer"); myData-failed = true; return err; } StartQueueIfNeeded(myData); return err; } void WaitForFreeBuffer(MyData* myData) { NSLog(@"start WaitForFreeBuffer"); if (++myData-fillBufferIndex = kNumAQBufs) myData-fillBufferIndex = 0; myData-bytesFilled = 0; myData-packetsFilled = 0; printf("-lock\n"); pthread_mutex_lock(&myData-mutex); while (myData-inuse[myData-fillBufferIndex]) { printf("... WAITING ...\n"); pthread_cond_wait(&myData-cond, &myData-mutex); } pthread_mutex_unlock(&myData-mutex); printf("<-unlock\n"); } int MyFindQueueBuffer(MyData* myData, AudioQueueBufferRef inBuffer) { NSLog(@"start MyFindQueueBuffer"); for (unsigned int i = 0; i < kNumAQBufs; ++i) { if (inBuffer == myData-audioQueueBuffer[i]) return i; } return -1; } void MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback( void* inClientData, AudioQueueRef inAQ, AudioQueuePropertyID inID) { NSLog(@"start MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback"); MyData* myData = (MyData*)inClientData; UInt32 running; UInt32 size; OSStatus err = AudioQueueGetProperty(inAQ, kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning, &running, &size); if (err) { PRINTERROR("get kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning"); return; } if (!running) { pthread_mutex_lock(&myData-mutex); pthread_cond_signal(&myData-done); pthread_mutex_unlock(&myData-mutex); } } void MyPropertyListenerProc( void * inClientData, AudioFileStreamID inAudioFileStream, AudioFileStreamPropertyID inPropertyID, UInt32 * ioFlags) { NSLog(@"start MyPropertyListenerProc"); MyData* myData = (MyData*)inClientData; OSStatus err = noErr; printf("found property '%c%c%c%c'\n", (inPropertyID24)&255, (inPropertyID16)&255, (inPropertyID8)&255, inPropertyID&255); switch (inPropertyID) { case kAudioFileStreamProperty_ReadyToProducePackets : { AudioStreamBasicDescription asbd; UInt32 asbdSize = sizeof(asbd); err = AudioFileStreamGetProperty(inAudioFileStream, kAudioFileStreamProperty_DataFormat, &asbdSize, &asbd); if (err) { PRINTERROR("get kAudioFileStreamProperty_DataFormat"); myData-failed = true; break; } err = AudioQueueNewOutput(&asbd, MyAudioQueueOutputCallback, myData, NULL, NULL, 0, &myData-queue); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioQueueNewOutput"); myData-failed = true; break; } for (unsigned int i = 0; i < kNumAQBufs; ++i) { err = AudioQueueAllocateBuffer(myData-queue, kAQBufSize, &myData-audioQueueBuffer[i]); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioQueueAllocateBuffer"); myData-failed = true; break; } } UInt32 cookieSize; Boolean writable; err = AudioFileStreamGetPropertyInfo(inAudioFileStream, kAudioFileStreamProperty_MagicCookieData, &cookieSize, &writable); if (err) { PRINTERROR("info kAudioFileStreamProperty_MagicCookieData"); break; } printf("cookieSize %d\n", cookieSize); void* cookieData = calloc(1, cookieSize); err = AudioFileStreamGetProperty(inAudioFileStream, kAudioFileStreamProperty_MagicCookieData, &cookieSize, cookieData); if (err) { PRINTERROR("get kAudioFileStreamProperty_MagicCookieData"); free(cookieData); break; } err = AudioQueueSetProperty(myData-queue, kAudioQueueProperty_MagicCookie, cookieData, cookieSize); free(cookieData); if (err) { PRINTERROR("set kAudioQueueProperty_MagicCookie"); break; } err = AudioQueueAddPropertyListener(myData-queue, kAudioQueueProperty_IsRunning, MyAudioQueueIsRunningCallback, myData); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioQueueAddPropertyListener"); myData-failed = true; break; } break; } } } static void ReadStreamClientCallBack(CFReadStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType type, void *clientCallBackInfo) { NSLog(@"start ReadStreamClientCallBack"); if(type == kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvailable) { UInt8 buffer[2048]; CFIndex bytesRead = CFReadStreamRead(stream, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); if (bytesRead < 0) { } else if (bytesRead) { OSStatus err = AudioFileStreamParseBytes(globalMyData-audioFileStream, bytesRead, buffer, 0); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioFileStreamParseBytes"); } } } } void MyPacketsProc(void * inClientData, UInt32 inNumberBytes, UInt32 inNumberPackets, const void * inInputData, AudioStreamPacketDescription inPacketDescriptions) { NSLog(@"start MyPacketsProc"); MyData myData = (MyData*)inClientData; printf("got data. bytes: %d packets: %d\n", inNumberBytes, inNumberPackets); for (int i = 0; i < inNumberPackets; ++i) { SInt64 packetOffset = inPacketDescriptions[i].mStartOffset; SInt64 packetSize = inPacketDescriptions[i].mDataByteSize; size_t bufSpaceRemaining = kAQBufSize - myData-bytesFilled; if (bufSpaceRemaining < packetSize) { MyEnqueueBuffer(myData); WaitForFreeBuffer(myData); } AudioQueueBufferRef fillBuf = myData-audioQueueBuffer[myData-fillBufferIndex]; memcpy((char*)fillBuf-mAudioData + myData-bytesFilled, (const char*)inInputData + packetOffset, packetSize); myData-packetDescs[myData-packetsFilled] = inPacketDescriptions[i]; myData-packetDescs[myData-packetsFilled].mStartOffset = myData-bytesFilled; myData-bytesFilled += packetSize; myData-packetsFilled += 1; size_t packetsDescsRemaining = kAQMaxPacketDescs - myData-packetsFilled; if (packetsDescsRemaining == 0) { MyEnqueueBuffer(myData); WaitForFreeBuffer(myData); } } } (IBAction)buttonPlayPressedid)sender { label.text = @"Buffering"; [self connectionStart]; } (IBAction)buttonSavePressedid)sender { NSLog(@"save"); AudioFileClose(myData.audioFile); AudioQueueDispose(myData.queue, TRUE); } bool getFilename(char* buffer,int maxBufferLength) { NSArray paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString docDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString* file = [docDir stringByAppendingString:@"/rec.caf"]; return [file getCString:buffer maxLength:maxBufferLength encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; } -(void)connectionStart { @try { MyData* myData = (MyData*)calloc(1, sizeof(MyData)); globalMyData = myData; pthread_mutex_init(&myData-mutex, NULL); pthread_cond_init(&myData-cond, NULL); pthread_cond_init(&myData-done, NULL); NSLog(@"Start"); myData-dataFormat.mSampleRate = 16000.0f; myData-dataFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM; myData-dataFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1; myData-dataFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = 1; myData-dataFormat.mBytesPerFrame = 2; myData-dataFormat.mBytesPerPacket = 2; myData-dataFormat.mBitsPerChannel = 16; myData-dataFormat.mReserved = 0; myData-dataFormat.mFormatFlags = kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsSignedInteger | kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked; int i, bufferByteSize; UInt32 size; AudioQueueNewInput( &myData-dataFormat, MyAudioQueueOutputCallback, &myData, NULL /* run loop /, kCFRunLoopCommonModes / run loop mode /, 0 / flags */, &myData-queue); size = sizeof(&myData-dataFormat); AudioQueueGetProperty(&myData-queue, kAudioQueueProperty_StreamDescription, &myData-dataFormat, &size); CFURLRef fileURL; char path[256]; memset(path,0,sizeof(path)); getFilename(path,256); fileURL = CFURLCreateFromFileSystemRepresentation(NULL, (UInt8*)path, strlen(path), FALSE); AudioFileCreateWithURL(fileURL, kAudioFileCAFType, &myData-dataFormat, kAudioFileFlags_EraseFile, &myData-audioFile); OSStatus err = AudioFileStreamOpen(myData, MyPropertyListenerProc, MyPacketsProc, kAudioFileMP3Type, &myData-audioFileStream); if (err) { PRINTERROR("AudioFileStreamOpen"); return 1; } CFStreamClientContext ctxt = {0, self, NULL, NULL, NULL}; CFStringRef bodyData = CFSTR(""); // Usually used for POST data CFStringRef headerFieldName = CFSTR("X-My-Favorite-Field"); CFStringRef headerFieldValue = CFSTR("Dreams"); CFStringRef url = CFSTR(RADIO_LOCATION); CFURLRef myURL = CFURLCreateWithString(kCFAllocatorDefault, url, NULL); CFStringRef requestMethod = CFSTR("GET"); CFHTTPMessageRef myRequest = CFHTTPMessageCreateRequest(kCFAllocatorDefault, requestMethod, myURL, kCFHTTPVersion1_1); CFHTTPMessageSetBody(myRequest, bodyData); CFHTTPMessageSetHeaderFieldValue(myRequest, headerFieldName, headerFieldValue); CFReadStreamRef stream = CFReadStreamCreateForHTTPRequest(kCFAllocatorDefault, myRequest); if (!stream) { NSLog(@"Creating the stream failed"); return; } if (!CFReadStreamSetClient(stream, kNetworkEvents, ReadStreamClientCallBack, &ctxt)) { CFRelease(stream); NSLog(@"Setting the stream's client failed."); return; } CFReadStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(stream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopCommonModes); if (!CFReadStreamOpen(stream)) { CFReadStreamSetClient(stream, 0, NULL, NULL); CFReadStreamUnscheduleFromRunLoop(stream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopCommonModes); CFRelease(stream); NSLog(@"Opening the stream failed."); return; } } @catch (NSException *exception) { NSLog(@"main: Caught %@: %@", [exception name], [exception reason]); } } (void)viewDidLoad { [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setIdleTimerDisabled:YES]; [super viewDidLoad]; } (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; } (void)viewDidUnload { } (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end

    Read the article

  • undefined reference to function, despite giving reference in c

    - by Jamie Edwards
    I'm following a tutorial, but when it comes to compiling and linking the code I get the following error: /tmp/cc8gRrVZ.o: In function `main': main.c:(.text+0xa): undefined reference to `monitor_clear' main.c:(.text+0x16): undefined reference to `monitor_write' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [obj/main.o] Error 1 What that is telling me is that I haven't defined both 'monitor_clear' and 'monitor_write'. But I have, in both the header and source files. They are as follows: monitor.c: // monitor.c -- Defines functions for writing to the monitor. // heavily based on Bran's kernel development tutorials, // but rewritten for JamesM's kernel tutorials. #include "monitor.h" // The VGA framebuffer starts at 0xB8000. u16int *video_memory = (u16int *)0xB8000; // Stores the cursor position. u8int cursor_x = 0; u8int cursor_y = 0; // Updates the hardware cursor. static void move_cursor() { // The screen is 80 characters wide... u16int cursorLocation = cursor_y * 80 + cursor_x; outb(0x3D4, 14); // Tell the VGA board we are setting the high cursor byte. outb(0x3D5, cursorLocation >> 8); // Send the high cursor byte. outb(0x3D4, 15); // Tell the VGA board we are setting the low cursor byte. outb(0x3D5, cursorLocation); // Send the low cursor byte. } // Scrolls the text on the screen up by one line. static void scroll() { // Get a space character with the default colour attributes. u8int attributeByte = (0 /*black*/ << 4) | (15 /*white*/ & 0x0F); u16int blank = 0x20 /* space */ | (attributeByte << 8); // Row 25 is the end, this means we need to scroll up if(cursor_y >= 25) { // Move the current text chunk that makes up the screen // back in the buffer by a line int i; for (i = 0*80; i < 24*80; i++) { video_memory[i] = video_memory[i+80]; } // The last line should now be blank. Do this by writing // 80 spaces to it. for (i = 24*80; i < 25*80; i++) { video_memory[i] = blank; } // The cursor should now be on the last line. cursor_y = 24; } } // Writes a single character out to the screen. void monitor_put(char c) { // The background colour is black (0), the foreground is white (15). u8int backColour = 0; u8int foreColour = 15; // The attribute byte is made up of two nibbles - the lower being the // foreground colour, and the upper the background colour. u8int attributeByte = (backColour << 4) | (foreColour & 0x0F); // The attribute byte is the top 8 bits of the word we have to send to the // VGA board. u16int attribute = attributeByte << 8; u16int *location; // Handle a backspace, by moving the cursor back one space if (c == 0x08 && cursor_x) { cursor_x--; } // Handle a tab by increasing the cursor's X, but only to a point // where it is divisible by 8. else if (c == 0x09) { cursor_x = (cursor_x+8) & ~(8-1); } // Handle carriage return else if (c == '\r') { cursor_x = 0; } // Handle newline by moving cursor back to left and increasing the row else if (c == '\n') { cursor_x = 0; cursor_y++; } // Handle any other printable character. else if(c >= ' ') { location = video_memory + (cursor_y*80 + cursor_x); *location = c | attribute; cursor_x++; } // Check if we need to insert a new line because we have reached the end // of the screen. if (cursor_x >= 80) { cursor_x = 0; cursor_y ++; } // Scroll the screen if needed. scroll(); // Move the hardware cursor. move_cursor(); } // Clears the screen, by copying lots of spaces to the framebuffer. void monitor_clear() { // Make an attribute byte for the default colours u8int attributeByte = (0 /*black*/ << 4) | (15 /*white*/ & 0x0F); u16int blank = 0x20 /* space */ | (attributeByte << 8); int i; for (i = 0; i < 80*25; i++) { video_memory[i] = blank; } // Move the hardware cursor back to the start. cursor_x = 0; cursor_y = 0; move_cursor(); } // Outputs a null-terminated ASCII string to the monitor. void monitor_write(char *c) { int i = 0; while (c[i]) { monitor_put(c[i++]); } } void monitor_write_hex(u32int n) { s32int tmp; monitor_write("0x"); char noZeroes = 1; int i; for (i = 28; i > 0; i -= 4) { tmp = (n >> i) & 0xF; if (tmp == 0 && noZeroes != 0) { continue; } if (tmp >= 0xA) { noZeroes = 0; monitor_put (tmp-0xA+'a' ); } else { noZeroes = 0; monitor_put( tmp+'0' ); } } tmp = n & 0xF; if (tmp >= 0xA) { monitor_put (tmp-0xA+'a'); } else { monitor_put (tmp+'0'); } } void monitor_write_dec(u32int n) { if (n == 0) { monitor_put('0'); return; } s32int acc = n; char c[32]; int i = 0; while (acc > 0) { c[i] = '0' + acc%10; acc /= 10; i++; } c[i] = 0; char c2[32]; c2[i--] = 0; int j = 0; while(i >= 0) { c2[i--] = c[j++]; } monitor_write(c2); } monitor.h: // monitor.h -- Defines the interface for monitor.h // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #ifndef MONITOR_H #define MONITOR_H #include "common.h" // Write a single character out to the screen. void monitor_put(char c); // Clear the screen to all black. void monitor_clear(); // Output a null-terminated ASCII string to the monitor. void monitor_write(char *c); #endif // MONITOR_H common.c: // common.c -- Defines some global functions. // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #include "common.h" // Write a byte out to the specified port. void outb ( u16int port, u8int value ) { asm volatile ( "outb %1, %0" : : "dN" ( port ), "a" ( value ) ); } u8int inb ( u16int port ) { u8int ret; asm volatile ( "inb %1, %0" : "=a" ( ret ) : "dN" ( port ) ); return ret; } u16int inw ( u16int port ) { u16int ret; asm volatile ( "inw %1, %0" : "=a" ( ret ) : "dN" ( port ) ); return ret; } // Copy len bytes from src to dest. void memcpy(u8int *dest, const u8int *src, u32int len) { const u8int *sp = ( const u8int * ) src; u8int *dp = ( u8int * ) dest; for ( ; len != 0; len-- ) *dp++ =*sp++; } // Write len copies of val into dest. void memset(u8int *dest, u8int val, u32int len) { u8int *temp = ( u8int * ) dest; for ( ; len != 0; len-- ) *temp++ = val; } // Compare two strings. Should return -1 if // str1 < str2, 0 if they are equal or 1 otherwise. int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2) { int i = 0; int failed = 0; while ( str1[i] != '\0' && str2[i] != '\0' ) { if ( str1[i] != str2[i] ) { failed = 1; break; } i++; } // Why did the loop exit? if ( ( str1[i] == '\0' && str2[i] != '\0' || (str1[i] != '\0' && str2[i] =='\0' ) ) failed =1; return failed; } // Copy the NULL-terminated string src into dest, and // return dest. char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src) { do { *dest++ = *src++; } while ( *src != 0 ); } // Concatenate the NULL-terminated string src onto // the end of dest, and return dest. char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src) { while ( *dest != 0 ) { *dest = *dest++; } do { *dest++ = *src++; } while ( *src != 0 ); return dest; } common.h: // common.h -- Defines typedefs and some global functions. // From JamesM's kernel development tutorials. #ifndef COMMON_H #define COMMON_H // Some nice typedefs, to standardise sizes across platforms. // These typedefs are written for 32-bit x86. typedef unsigned int u32int; typedef int s32int; typedef unsigned short u16int; typedef short s16int; typedef unsigned char u8int; typedef char s8int; void outb ( u16int port, u8int value ); u8int inb ( u16int port ); u16int inw ( u16int port ); #endif //COMMON_H main.c: // main.c -- Defines the C-code kernel entry point, calls initialisation routines. // Made for JamesM's tutorials <www.jamesmolloy.co.uk> #include "monitor.h" int main(struct multiboot *mboot_ptr) { monitor_clear(); monitor_write ( "hello, world!" ); return 0; } here is my makefile: C_SOURCES= main.c monitor.c common.c S_SOURCES= boot.s C_OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.c, obj/%.o, $(C_SOURCES)) S_OBJECTS=$(patsubst %.s, obj/%.o, $(S_SOURCES)) CFLAGS=-nostdlib -nostdinc -fno-builtin -fno-stack-protector -m32 -Iheaders LDFLAGS=-Tlink.ld -melf_i386 --oformat=elf32-i386 ASFLAGS=-felf all: kern/kernel .PHONY: clean clean: -rm -f kern/kernel kern/kernel: $(S_OBJECTS) $(C_OBJECTS) ld $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(C_OBJECTS): obj/%.o : %.c gcc $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ vpath %.c source $(S_OBJECTS): obj/%.o : %.s nasm $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@ vpath %.s asem Hopefully this will help you understand what is going wrong and how to fix it :L Thanks in advance. Jamie.

    Read the article

  • OpenGL 3.x Assimp trouble implementing phong shading (normals?)

    - by Defcronyke
    I'm having trouble getting phong shading to look right. I'm pretty sure there's something wrong with either my OpenGL calls, or the way I'm loading my normals, but I guess it could be something else since 3D graphics and Assimp are both still very new to me. When trying to load .obj/.mtl files, the problems I'm seeing are: The models seem to be lit too intensely (less phong-style and more completely washed out, too bright). Faces that are lit seem to be lit equally all over (with the exception of a specular highlight showing only when the light source position is moved to be practically right on top of the model) Because of problems 1 and 2, spheres look very wrong: picture of sphere And things with larger faces look (less-noticeably) wrong too: picture of cube I could be wrong, but to me this doesn't look like proper phong shading. Here's the code that I think might be relevant (I can post more if necessary): file: assimpRenderer.cpp #include "assimpRenderer.hpp" namespace def { assimpRenderer::assimpRenderer(std::string modelFilename, float modelScale) { initSFML(); initOpenGL(); if (assImport(modelFilename)) // if modelFile loaded successfully { initScene(); mainLoop(modelScale); shutdownScene(); } shutdownOpenGL(); shutdownSFML(); } assimpRenderer::~assimpRenderer() { } void assimpRenderer::initSFML() { windowWidth = 800; windowHeight = 600; settings.majorVersion = 3; settings.minorVersion = 3; app = NULL; shader = NULL; app = new sf::Window(sf::VideoMode(windowWidth,windowHeight,32), "OpenGL 3.x Window", sf::Style::Default, settings); app->setFramerateLimit(240); app->setActive(); return; } void assimpRenderer::shutdownSFML() { delete app; return; } void assimpRenderer::initOpenGL() { GLenum err = glewInit(); if (GLEW_OK != err) { /* Problem: glewInit failed, something is seriously wrong. */ std::cerr << "Error: " << glewGetErrorString(err) << std::endl; } // check the OpenGL context version that's currently in use int glVersion[2] = {-1, -1}; glGetIntegerv(GL_MAJOR_VERSION, &glVersion[0]); // get the OpenGL Major version glGetIntegerv(GL_MINOR_VERSION, &glVersion[1]); // get the OpenGL Minor version std::cout << "Using OpenGL Version: " << glVersion[0] << "." << glVersion[1] << std::endl; return; } void assimpRenderer::shutdownOpenGL() { return; } void assimpRenderer::initScene() { // allocate heap space for VAOs, VBOs, and IBOs vaoID = new GLuint[scene->mNumMeshes]; vboID = new GLuint[scene->mNumMeshes*2]; iboID = new GLuint[scene->mNumMeshes]; glClearColor(0.4f, 0.6f, 0.9f, 0.0f); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); shader = new Shader("shader.vert", "shader.frag"); projectionMatrix = glm::perspective(60.0f, (float)windowWidth / (float)windowHeight, 0.1f, 100.0f); rot = 0.0f; rotSpeed = 50.0f; faceIndex = 0; colorArrayA = NULL; colorArrayD = NULL; colorArrayS = NULL; normalArray = NULL; genVAOs(); return; } void assimpRenderer::shutdownScene() { delete [] iboID; delete [] vboID; delete [] vaoID; delete shader; } void assimpRenderer::renderScene(float modelScale) { sf::Time elapsedTime = clock.getElapsedTime(); clock.restart(); if (rot > 360.0f) rot = 0.0f; rot += rotSpeed * elapsedTime.asSeconds(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT); viewMatrix = glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, -3.0f, -10.0f)); // move back a bit modelMatrix = glm::scale(glm::mat4(1.0f), glm::vec3(modelScale)); // scale model modelMatrix = glm::rotate(modelMatrix, rot, glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)); //modelMatrix = glm::rotate(modelMatrix, 25.0f, glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)); glm::vec3 lightPosition( 0.0f, -100.0f, 0.0f ); float lightPositionArray[3]; lightPositionArray[0] = lightPosition[0]; lightPositionArray[1] = lightPosition[1]; lightPositionArray[2] = lightPosition[2]; shader->bind(); int projectionMatrixLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "projectionMatrix"); int viewMatrixLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "viewMatrix"); int modelMatrixLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "modelMatrix"); int ambientLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "ambientColor"); int diffuseLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "diffuseColor"); int specularLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "specularColor"); int lightPositionLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "lightPosition"); int normalMatrixLocation = glGetUniformLocation(shader->id(), "normalMatrix"); glUniformMatrix4fv(projectionMatrixLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &projectionMatrix[0][0]); glUniformMatrix4fv(viewMatrixLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &viewMatrix[0][0]); glUniformMatrix4fv(modelMatrixLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, &modelMatrix[0][0]); glUniform3fv(lightPositionLocation, 1, lightPositionArray); for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->mNumMeshes; i++) { colorArrayA = new float[3]; colorArrayD = new float[3]; colorArrayS = new float[3]; material = scene->mMaterials[scene->mNumMaterials-1]; normalArray = new float[scene->mMeshes[i]->mNumVertices * 3]; unsigned int normalIndex = 0; for (unsigned int j = 0; j < scene->mMeshes[i]->mNumVertices * 3; j+=3, normalIndex++) { normalArray[j] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].x; // x normalArray[j+1] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].y; // y normalArray[j+2] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].z; // z } normalIndex = 0; glUniformMatrix3fv(normalMatrixLocation, 1, GL_FALSE, normalArray); aiColor3D ambient(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); material->Get(AI_MATKEY_COLOR_AMBIENT, ambient); aiColor3D diffuse(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); material->Get(AI_MATKEY_COLOR_DIFFUSE, diffuse); aiColor3D specular(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); material->Get(AI_MATKEY_COLOR_SPECULAR, specular); colorArrayA[0] = ambient.r; colorArrayA[1] = ambient.g; colorArrayA[2] = ambient.b; colorArrayD[0] = diffuse.r; colorArrayD[1] = diffuse.g; colorArrayD[2] = diffuse.b; colorArrayS[0] = specular.r; colorArrayS[1] = specular.g; colorArrayS[2] = specular.b; // bind color for each mesh glUniform3fv(ambientLocation, 1, colorArrayA); glUniform3fv(diffuseLocation, 1, colorArrayD); glUniform3fv(specularLocation, 1, colorArrayS); // render all meshes glBindVertexArray(vaoID[i]); // bind our VAO glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, scene->mMeshes[i]->mNumFaces*3, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); glBindVertexArray(0); // unbind our VAO delete [] normalArray; delete [] colorArrayA; delete [] colorArrayD; delete [] colorArrayS; } shader->unbind(); app->display(); return; } void assimpRenderer::handleEvents() { sf::Event event; while (app->pollEvent(event)) { if (event.type == sf::Event::Closed) { app->close(); } if ((event.type == sf::Event::KeyPressed) && (event.key.code == sf::Keyboard::Escape)) { app->close(); } if (event.type == sf::Event::Resized) { glViewport(0, 0, event.size.width, event.size.height); } } return; } void assimpRenderer::mainLoop(float modelScale) { while (app->isOpen()) { renderScene(modelScale); handleEvents(); } } bool assimpRenderer::assImport(const std::string& pFile) { // read the file with some example postprocessing scene = importer.ReadFile(pFile, aiProcess_CalcTangentSpace | aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_JoinIdenticalVertices | aiProcess_SortByPType); // if the import failed, report it if (!scene) { std::cerr << "Error: " << importer.GetErrorString() << std::endl; return false; } return true; } void assimpRenderer::genVAOs() { int vboIndex = 0; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->mNumMeshes; i++, vboIndex+=2) { mesh = scene->mMeshes[i]; indexArray = new unsigned int[mesh->mNumFaces * sizeof(unsigned int) * 3]; // convert assimp faces format to array faceIndex = 0; for (unsigned int t = 0; t < mesh->mNumFaces; ++t) { const struct aiFace* face = &mesh->mFaces[t]; std::memcpy(&indexArray[faceIndex], face->mIndices, sizeof(float) * 3); faceIndex += 3; } // generate VAO glGenVertexArrays(1, &vaoID[i]); glBindVertexArray(vaoID[i]); // generate IBO for faces glGenBuffers(1, &iboID[i]); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, iboID[i]); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLuint) * mesh->mNumFaces * 3, indexArray, GL_STATIC_DRAW); // generate VBO for vertices if (mesh->HasPositions()) { glGenBuffers(1, &vboID[vboIndex]); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID[vboIndex]); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh->mNumVertices * sizeof(GLfloat) * 3, mesh->mVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray((GLuint)0); glVertexAttribPointer((GLuint)0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); } // generate VBO for normals if (mesh->HasNormals()) { normalArray = new float[scene->mMeshes[i]->mNumVertices * 3]; unsigned int normalIndex = 0; for (unsigned int j = 0; j < scene->mMeshes[i]->mNumVertices * 3; j+=3, normalIndex++) { normalArray[j] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].x; // x normalArray[j+1] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].y; // y normalArray[j+2] = scene->mMeshes[i]->mNormals[normalIndex].z; // z } normalIndex = 0; glGenBuffers(1, &vboID[vboIndex+1]); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID[vboIndex+1]); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh->mNumVertices * sizeof(GLfloat) * 3, normalArray, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray((GLuint)1); glVertexAttribPointer((GLuint)1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); delete [] normalArray; } // tex coord stuff goes here // unbind buffers glBindVertexArray(0); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); delete [] indexArray; } vboIndex = 0; return; } } file: shader.vert #version 150 core in vec3 in_Position; in vec3 in_Normal; uniform mat4 projectionMatrix; uniform mat4 viewMatrix; uniform mat4 modelMatrix; uniform vec3 lightPosition; uniform mat3 normalMatrix; smooth out vec3 vVaryingNormal; smooth out vec3 vVaryingLightDir; void main() { // derive MVP and MV matrices mat4 modelViewProjectionMatrix = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * modelMatrix; mat4 modelViewMatrix = viewMatrix * modelMatrix; // get surface normal in eye coordinates vVaryingNormal = normalMatrix * in_Normal; // get vertex position in eye coordinates vec4 vPosition4 = modelViewMatrix * vec4(in_Position, 1.0); vec3 vPosition3 = vPosition4.xyz / vPosition4.w; // get vector to light source vVaryingLightDir = normalize(lightPosition - vPosition3); // Set the position of the current vertex gl_Position = modelViewProjectionMatrix * vec4(in_Position, 1.0); } file: shader.frag #version 150 core out vec4 out_Color; uniform vec3 ambientColor; uniform vec3 diffuseColor; uniform vec3 specularColor; smooth in vec3 vVaryingNormal; smooth in vec3 vVaryingLightDir; void main() { // dot product gives us diffuse intensity float diff = max(0.0, dot(normalize(vVaryingNormal), normalize(vVaryingLightDir))); // multiply intensity by diffuse color, force alpha to 1.0 out_Color = vec4(diff * diffuseColor, 1.0); // add in ambient light out_Color += vec4(ambientColor, 1.0); // specular light vec3 vReflection = normalize(reflect(-normalize(vVaryingLightDir), normalize(vVaryingNormal))); float spec = max(0.0, dot(normalize(vVaryingNormal), vReflection)); if (diff != 0) { float fSpec = pow(spec, 128.0); // Set the output color of our current pixel out_Color.rgb += vec3(fSpec, fSpec, fSpec); } } I know it's a lot to look through, but I'm putting most of the code up so as not to assume where the problem is. Thanks in advance to anyone who has some time to help me pinpoint the problem(s)! I've been trying to sort it out for two days now and I'm not getting anywhere on my own.

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 3 4 5 6 7