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  • Data loss between conversion

    - by Alex Brooks
    Why is it that I loose data between the conversions below even though both types take up the same amount of space? If the conversion was done bitwise, it should be true that x = z unless data is being stripped during the conversion, right? Is there a way to do the two conversions without losing data (i.e. so that x = z)? main.cpp: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdint.h> int main() { double x = 5.5; uint64_t y = static_cast<uint64_t>(x); double z = static_cast<double>(y) // Desire : z = 5.5; printf("Size of double: %lu\nSize of uint64_t: %lu\n", sizeof(double), sizeof(uint64_t)); printf("%f\n%lu\n%f\n", x, y, z); } Results: Size of double: 8 Size of uint64_t: 8 5.500000 5 5.000000

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  • Encountering NullPointerException when trying to add polynoms

    - by Ayler Cruz
    I need to add two polynomials, which is composed of two ints. For example, the coefficient and the exponent 3x^2 would be constructed using 3 and 2 as parameters. I am getting a NullPointerException but I can't figure out why. Any help would be appreciated! public class Polynomial { private Node poly; public Polynomial() { } private Polynomial(Node p) { poly = p; } private class Term { int coefficient; int exponent; private Term(int coefficient, int exponent) { this.coefficient = coefficient; this.exponent = exponent; } } private class Node { private Term data; private Node next; private Node(Term data, Node next) { this.data = data; this.next = next; } } public void addTerm(int coeff, int exp) { Node pointer = poly; if (pointer.next == null) { poly.next = new Node(new Term(coeff, exp), null); } else { while (pointer.next != null) { if (pointer.next.data.exponent < exp) { Node temp = new Node(new Term(coeff, exp), pointer.next.next); pointer.next = temp; return; } pointer = pointer.next; } pointer.next = new Node(new Term(coeff, exp), null); } } public Polynomial polyAdd(Polynomial p) { return new Polynomial(polyAdd(this.poly, p.poly)); } private Node polyAdd(Node p1, Node p2) { if (p1 == p2) { Term adding = new Term(p1.data.coefficient + p2.data.coefficient, p1.data.exponent); p1 = p1.next; p2 = p2.next; return new Node(adding, null); } if (p1.data.exponent > p2.data.exponent) { p2 = p2.next; } if (p1.data.exponent < p2.data.exponent) { p1 = p1.next; } if (p1.next != null && p2.next != null) { return polyAdd(p1, p2); } return new Node(null, null); } }

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  • What is the difference between causal models and directed graphical models?

    - by Neil G
    What is the difference between causal models and directed graphical models? or: What is the difference between causal relationships and directed probabilistic relationships? or, even better: What would you put in the interface of a DirectedProbabilisticModel class, and what in a CausalModel class? Would one inherit from the other? Collaborative solution: interface DirectedModel { map<Node, double> InferredProbabilities(map<Node, double> observed_probabilities, set<Node> nodes_of_interest) } interface CausalModel: DirectedModel { bool NodesDependent(set<Node> nodes, map<Node, double> context) map<Node, double> InferredProbabilities(map<Node, double> observed_probabilities, map<Node, double> externally_forced_probabilities, set<Node> nodes_of_interest) }

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  • paintComponent method is not displaying anything on the panel

    - by Captain Gh0st
    I have been trying to debug this for hours. The program is supposed to be a grapher that graphs coordinates, but i cannot get anything to display not even a random line, but if i put a print statement there it works. It is a problem with the paintComponent Method. When I out print statement before g.drawLine then it prints, but it doesn't draw any lines even if i put a random line with coordinates (1,3), (2,4). import java.awt.*; import java.util.*; import javax.swing.*; public abstract class XYGrapher { abstract public Coordinate xyStart(); abstract public double xRange(); abstract public double yRange(); abstract public Coordinate getPoint(int pointNum); public class Paint extends JPanel { public void paintGraph(Graphics g, int xPixel1, int yPixel1, int xPixel2, int yPixel2) { super.paintComponent(g); g.setColor(Color.black); g.drawLine(xPixel1, yPixel1, xPixel2, yPixel2); } public void paintXAxis(Graphics g, int xPixel, int pixelsWide, int pixelsHigh) { super.paintComponent(g); g.setColor(Color.green); g.drawLine(xPixel, 0, xPixel, pixelsHigh); } public void paintYAxis(Graphics g, int yPixel, int pixelsWide, int pixelsHigh) { super.paintComponent(g); g.setColor(Color.green); g.drawLine(0, yPixel, pixelsWide, yPixel); } } public void drawGraph(int xPixelStart, int yPixelStart, int pixelsWide, int pixelsHigh) { JFrame frame = new JFrame(); Paint panel = new Paint(); panel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(pixelsWide, pixelsHigh)); panel.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(pixelsWide, pixelsHigh)); panel.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(pixelsWide, pixelsHigh)); frame.setLocation(frame.getToolkit().getScreenSize().width / 2 - pixelsWide / 2, frame.getToolkit().getScreenSize().height / 2 - pixelsHigh / 2); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setResizable(false); frame.add(panel); frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); double xRange = xRange(); double yRange = yRange(); Coordinate xyStart = xyStart(); int xPixel = xPixelStart - (int) (xyStart.getX() * (pixelsWide / xRange)); int yPixel = yPixelStart + (int) ((xyStart.getY() + yRange) * (pixelsHigh / yRange)); System.out.println(xPixel + " " + yPixel); if(yPixel > 0 && (yPixel < pixelsHigh)) { System.out.println("y"); panel.paintYAxis(panel.getGraphics(), yPixel, pixelsWide, pixelsHigh); } if(xPixel > 0 && (xPixel < pixelsHigh)) { System.out.println("x"); panel.paintXAxis(panel.getGraphics(), xPixel, pixelsWide, pixelsHigh); } for(int i = 0; i>=0; i++) { Coordinate point1 = getPoint(i); Coordinate point2 = getPoint(i+1); if(point2 == null) { break; } else { if(point1.drawFrom() && point2.drawTo()) { int xPixel1 = (int) (xPixelStart + (point1.getX() - xyStart.getX()) * (pixelsWide / xRange)); int yPixel1 = (int) (yPixelStart + (xyStart.getY() + yRange-point1.getY()) * (pixelsHigh / yRange)); int xPixel2 = (int) (xPixelStart + (point2.getX() - xyStart.getX()) * (pixelsWide / xRange)); int yPixel2 = (int) (yPixelStart + (xyStart.getY() + yRange - point2.getY()) * (pixelsHigh / yRange)); panel.paintGraph(panel.getGraphics(), xPixel1, yPixel1, xPixel2, yPixel2); } } } frame.pack(); } } This is how i am testing it is supposed to be a square, but nothing shows up. public class GrapherTester extends XYGrapher { public Coordinate xyStart() { return new Coordinate(-2,2); } public double xRange() { return 4; } public double yRange() { return 4; } public Coordinate getPoint(int pointNum) { switch(pointNum) { case 0: return new Coordinate(-1,-1); case 1: return new Coordinate(1,-1); case 2: return new Coordinate(1,1); case 3: return new Coordinate(-1,1); case 4: return new Coordinate(-1,-1); } return null; } public static void main(String[] args) { new GrapherTester().drawGraph(100, 100, 500, 500); } } Coordinate class so if any of you want to run and try it out. That is all you would need. public class Coordinate { float x; float y; boolean drawTo; boolean drawFrom; Coordinate(double x, double y) { this.x = (float) x; this.y = (float) y; drawFrom = true; drawTo = true; } Coordinate(double x, double y, boolean drawFrom, boolean drawTo) { this.x = (float) x; this.y = (float) y; this.drawFrom = drawFrom; this.drawTo = drawTo; } public double getX() { return x; } public double getY() { return y; } public boolean drawTo() { return drawTo; } public boolean drawFrom() { return drawFrom; } }

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  • C++ vector and segmentation faults

    - by Headspin
    I am working on a simple mathematical parser. Something that just reads number = 1 + 2; I have a vector containing these tokens. They store a type and string value of the character. I am trying to step through the vector to build an AST of these tokens, and I keep getting segmentation faults, even when I am under the impression my code should prevent this from happening. Here is the bit of code that builds the AST: struct ASTGen { const vector<Token> &Tokens; unsigned int size, pointer; ASTGen(const vector<Token> &t) : Tokens(t), pointer(0) { size = Tokens.size() - 1; } unsigned int next() { return pointer + 1; } Node* Statement() { if(next() <= size) { switch(Tokens[next()].type) { case EQUALS : Node* n = Assignment_Expr(); return n; } } advance(); } void advance() { if(next() <= size) ++pointer; } Node* Assignment_Expr() { Node* lnode = new Node(Tokens[pointer], NULL, NULL); advance(); Node* n = new Node(Tokens[pointer], lnode, Expression()); return n; } Node* Expression() { if(next() <= size) { advance(); if(Tokens[next()].type == SEMICOLON) { Node* n = new Node(Tokens[pointer], NULL, NULL); return n; } if(Tokens[next()].type == PLUS) { Node* lnode = new Node(Tokens[pointer], NULL, NULL); advance(); Node* n = new Node(Tokens[pointer], lnode, Expression()); return n; } } } }; ... ASTGen AST(Tokens); Node* Tree = AST.Statement(); cout << Tree->Right->Data.svalue << endl; I can access Tree->Data.svalue and get the = Node's token info, so I know that node is getting spawned, and I can also get Tree->Left->Data.svalue and get the variable to the left of the = I have re-written it many times trying out different methods for stepping through the vector, but I always get a segmentation fault when I try to access the = right node (which should be the + node) Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Two collections and a for loop. (Urgent help needed) Checking an object variable against an inputted

    - by Elliott
    Hi there, I'm relatively new to java, I'm certain the error is trivial. But can't for the life of me spot it. I have an end of term exam on monday and currently trying to get to grips with past papers! Anyway heregoes, in another method (ALGO_1) I search over elements of and check the value H_NAME equals a value entered in the main. When I attempt to run the code I get a null pointer exception, also upon trying to print (with System.out.println etc) the H_NAME value after each for loop in the snippet I also get a null statement returned to me. I am fairly certain that the collection is simply not storing the data gathered up by the Scanner. But then again when I check the collection size with size() it is about the right size. Either way I'm pretty lost and would appreciate the help. Main questions I guess to ask are: from the readBackground method is the data.add in the wrong place? is the snippet simply structured wrongly? oh and another point when I use System.out.println to check the Background object values name, starttime, increment etc they print out fine. Thanks in advance.(PS im guessing the formatting is terrible, apologies.) snippet of code: for(Hydro hd: hydros){ System.out.println(hd.H_NAME); for(Background back : backgs){ System.out.println(back.H_NAME); if(back.H_NAME.equals(hydroName)){ //get error here public static Collection<Background> readBackground(String url) throws IOException { URL u = new URL(url); InputStream is = u.openStream(); InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is); BufferedReader b = new BufferedReader(isr); String line =""; Vector<Background> data = new Vector<Background>(); while((line = b.readLine())!= null){ Scanner s = new Scanner(line); String name = s.next(); double starttime = Double.parseDouble(s.next()); double increment = Double.parseDouble(s.next()); double sum = 0; double p = 0; double nterms = 0; while((s.hasNextDouble())){ p = Double.parseDouble(s.next()); nterms++; sum += p; } double pbmean = sum/nterms; Background SAMP = new Background(name, starttime, increment, pbmean); data.add(SAMP); } return data; } Edit/Delete Message

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  • Unit testing a controller in ASP.NET MVC 3

    - by Abdullah Al- Mansur
    public Double Invert(Double? id) { return (Double)(id / id); } I have done this for this test but fails please can anyone help with this cos just started with unit testing /* HINT: Remember that you are passing Invert an *integer* so * the value of 1 / input is calculated using integer arithmetic. * */ //Arrange var controller = new UrlParameterController(); int input = 7; Double expected = 0.143d; Double marginOfError = 0.001d; //Act var result = controller.Invert(input); //Assert Assert.AreEqual(expected, result, marginOfError); /* NOTE This time we use a different Assert.AreEqual() method, which * checks whether or not two Double values are within a specified * distance of one another. This is a good way to deal with rounding * errors from floating point arithmetic. Without the marginOfError * parameter the assertion fails. * */

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  • Understanding the concept of Inodes

    - by darkie15
    Hi All, I am referring to the link: http://www.tux4u.nl/freedocs/unix/draw/inode.pdf I am confused on parts: 1 12 direct block pointers 2 1 single indirect block pointer 3 1 double indirect block pointer 4 1 triple indirect block pointer Now the diagram says that each pointer is 32/64 bits. [Query]: Why and how are these values inferred? I mean why specifically have only 32 or 64 bit pointers? The diagram says, One data block{8 KB} for each pointer {4 bytes/8 bytes} [Query]: How does this actually work out? i.e. 8*1024 bytes / 8 bytes = 1024 bytes? What is the logic behind having a 8 bytes pointer for 8KB block? Regards, darkie.

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  • Problem with a recursive function to find sqrt of a number

    - by Eternal Learner
    Below is a simple program which computes sqrt of a number using Bisection. While executing this with a call like sqrtr(4,1,4) in goes into an endless recursion . I am unable to figure out why this is happening. Below is the function : double sqrtr(double N , double Low ,double High ) { double value = 0.00; double mid = (Low + High + 1)/2; if(Low == High) { value = High; } else if (N < mid * mid ) { value = sqrtr(N,Low,mid-1) ; } else if(N >= mid * mid) { value = sqrtr(N,mid,High) ; } return value; }

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  • Compiler error while compiling the RAPID library on VS2008

    - by Demi
    I've downloaded the RAPID library and tried to compile it on Microsoft Visual Studio 2008. However, I'm getting the following compiler error: C4430 missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int at this code segment (the exact line that produces the error is int flag): class RAPID_model { public: box *b; int num_boxes_alloced; tri *tris; int num_tris; int num_tris_alloced; int build_state; int build_hierarchy(); friend RAPID_Collide(double R1[3][3], double T1[3], double s1, RAPID_model *RAPID_model1, double R2[3][3], double T2[3], double s2, RAPID_model *RAPID_model2, int flag); Can anyone please help me with this? Thank you

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  • Why won't this static_cast in C++ work?

    - by samoz
    When I try to use a static_cast to cast a double* to an int*, I get the following error: invalid static_cast from type ‘double*’ to type ‘int*’ Here is the code: #include <iostream> int main() { double* p = new double(2); int* r; r=static_cast<int*>(p); std::cout << *r << std::endl; } I understand that there would be problems converting between a double and an int, but why is there a problem converting between a double* and an int*?

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  • Linkage of namespace functions

    - by user144182
    I have a couple of methods declared at the namespace level within a header for a class: // MyClass.h namespace network { int Method1(double d); int Method2(double d); class MyClass { //... } } then defined in //MyClass.cpp int Method1(double d) { ... } int Method2(double d) { ... } This project compiles cleanly and is a dependency for a ui project which uses MyClass. The functions were previously member functions of MyClass, but were moved to namespace since it was more appropriate. My problem is the ui project complains when it gets to the linker: 1network.lib(MyClass.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "int __cdecl network::Method1(double)" (?INT@ds@sim@@YAHN@Z) 1network.lib(MyClass.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "int __cdecl network::Method2(double)" (?CINT@ds@sim@@YAHN@Z) What am I doing wrong?

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  • Intersection between sets containing different types of variables

    - by Gacek
    Let's assume we have two collections: List<double> values List<SomePoint> points where SomePoint is a type containing three coordinates of the point: SomePoint { double X; double Y; double Z; } Now, I would like to perform the intersection between these two collections to find out for which points in points the z coordinate is eqal to one of the elements of values I created something like that: HashSet<double> hash = new HashSet<double>(points.Select(p=>p.Z)); hash.IntersectWith(values); var result = new List<SomePoints>(); foreach(var h in hash) result.Add(points.Find(p => p.Z == h)); But it won't return these points for which there is the same Z value, but different X and Y. Is there any better way to do it?

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  • excplicitly casting constness in

    - by jimifiki
    With the following code void TestF(const double ** testv){;} void callTest(){ double** test; TestF(test); } I get this: error C2664: 'TestF' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'double **' to 'const double **' I cannot understand why. Why test cannot be silently casted to const double**? Why should I do it explicitly? I know that TestF(const_cast<const double**>(test)) makes my code correct, but I feel this should be unnecessary. Are there some key concepts about const that I'm missing?

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  • Where to declare variable? C#

    - by user1303781
    I am trying to make an average function... 'Total' adds them, then 'Total' is divided by n, the number of entries... No matter where I put 'double Total;', I get an error message. In this example I get... Use of unassigned local variable 'Total' If I put it before the comment, both references show up as error... I'm sure it's something simple..... namespace frmAssignment3 { class StatisticalFunctions { public static class Statistics { //public static double Average(List<MachineData.MachineRecord> argMachineDataList) public static double Average(List<double> argMachineDataList) { double Total; int n; for (n = 1; n <= argMachineDataList.Count; n++) { Total = argMachineDataList[n]; } return Total / n; } public static double StDevSample(List<MachineData.MachineRecord> argMachineDataList) { return -1; } } } }

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  • Comparing char for validation in C++

    - by Corey Starbird
    /* PROGRAM: Ch6_14.cpp Written by Corey Starbird This program calculates the balance owed to a hospital for a patient. Last modified: 10/28/13 */ #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> #include <string> using namespace std; // Prototypes for In-patient and Out-patient functions. double stayTotal (int, double, double, double); // For In-patients double stayTotal (double, double); // For Out-patients int main() { char patientType; // In-patient (I or i) or Out-patient (O or o) double rate, // Daily rate for the In-patient stay servCharge, // Service charge for the stay medCharge, // Medication charge for the stay inTotal, // Total for the In-patient stay outTotal; // Total for the Out-patient stay int days; // Number of days for the In-patient stay // Find out if they were an In-patient or an Out-patient cout << "Welcome, please enter (I) for an In-patient or (O) for an Out-patient:" << endl; cin >> patientType; while (patientType != 'I' || 'i' || 'O' || 'o') { cout << "Invalid entry. Please enter either (I) for an In-patient or (O) for an Out-patient:" << endl; cin >> patientType; } cout << "FIN"; return 0; } Hey, brand new to C++ here. I am working on a project and I'm having trouble figuring out why my validation for patientTypeisn't working properly. I first had double quotes, but realized that would denote strings. I changed them to single quotes, my program will compile and run now, but the while loop runs no matter what I enter, I, i, O, o, or anything else. I don't know why the while loop isn't checking the condition, seeing that I did enter one of the characters in the condition, and move on to cout. Probably a simple mistake, but I thank you in advance.

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  • ASP.NET Podcast Show #148 - ASP.NET WebForms to build a Mobile Web Application

    - by Wallym
    Check the podcast site for the original url. This is the video and source code for an ASP.NET WebForms app that I wrote that is optimized for the iPhone and mobile environments.  Subscribe to everything. Subscribe to WMV. Subscribe to M4V for iPhone/iPad. Subscribe to MP3. Download WMV. Download M4V for iPhone/iPad. Download MP3. Link to iWebKit. Source Code: <%@ Page Title="MapSplore" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="iPhoneMaster.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="AT_iPhone_Default" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server"></asp:Content><asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="Content" Runat="Server" ClientIDMode="Static">    <asp:ScriptManager ID="sm" runat="server"         EnablePartialRendering="true" EnableHistory="false" EnableCdn="true" />    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js?sensor=true"></script>    <script  language="javascript"  type="text/javascript">    <!--    Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager.getInstance().add_endRequest(endRequestHandle);    function endRequestHandle(sender, Args) {        setupMapDiv();        setupPlaceIveBeen();    }    function setupPlaceIveBeen() {        var mapPlaceIveBeen = document.getElementById('divPlaceIveBeen');        if (mapPlaceIveBeen != null) {            var PlaceLat = document.getElementById('<%=hdPlaceIveBeenLatitude.ClientID %>').value;            var PlaceLon = document.getElementById('<%=hdPlaceIveBeenLongitude.ClientID %>').value;            var PlaceTitle = document.getElementById('<%=lblPlaceIveBeenName.ClientID %>').innerHTML;            var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(PlaceLat, PlaceLon);            var myOptions = {                zoom: 14,                center: latlng,                mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP            };            var map = new google.maps.Map(mapPlaceIveBeen, myOptions);            var marker = new google.maps.Marker({                position: new google.maps.LatLng(PlaceLat, PlaceLon),                map: map,                title: PlaceTitle,                clickable: false            });        }    }    function setupMapDiv() {        var mapdiv = document.getElementById('divImHere');        if (mapdiv != null) {            var PlaceLat = document.getElementById('<%=hdPlaceLat.ClientID %>').value;            var PlaceLon = document.getElementById('<%=hdPlaceLon.ClientID %>').value;            var PlaceTitle = document.getElementById('<%=hdPlaceTitle.ClientID %>').value;            var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(PlaceLat, PlaceLon);            var myOptions = {                zoom: 14,                center: latlng,                mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP            };            var map = new google.maps.Map(mapdiv, myOptions);            var marker = new google.maps.Marker({                position: new google.maps.LatLng(PlaceLat, PlaceLon),                map: map,                title: PlaceTitle,                clickable: false            });        }     }    -->    </script>    <asp:HiddenField ID="Latitude" runat="server" />    <asp:HiddenField ID="Longitude" runat="server" />    <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.min.js%22%3E%3C/script>    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">        $(document).ready(function () {            GetLocation();            setupMapDiv();            setupPlaceIveBeen();        });        function GetLocation() {            if (navigator.geolocation != null) {                navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(getData);            }            else {                var mess = document.getElementById('<%=Message.ClientID %>');                mess.innerHTML = "Sorry, your browser does not support geolocation. " +                    "Try the latest version of Safari on the iPhone, Android browser, or the latest version of FireFox.";            }        }        function UpdateLocation_Click() {            GetLocation();        }        function getData(position) {            var latitude = position.coords.latitude;            var longitude = position.coords.longitude;            var hdLat = document.getElementById('<%=Latitude.ClientID %>');            var hdLon = document.getElementById('<%=Longitude.ClientID %>');            hdLat.value = latitude;            hdLon.value = longitude;        }    </script>    <asp:Label ID="Message" runat="server" />    <asp:UpdatePanel ID="upl" runat="server">        <ContentTemplate>    <asp:Panel ID="pnlStart" runat="server" Visible="true">    <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">MapSplore</div>    </div>    <div id="content">        <ul class="pageitem">            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbLocalDeals" runat="server" onclick="lbLocalDeals_Click">                <asp:Image ID="imLocalDeals" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/ArtFavor_Money_Bag_Icon.png" Height="30" />                <span class="name">Local Deals.</span>                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>                </li>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbLocalPlaces" runat="server" onclick="lbLocalPlaces_Click">                <asp:Image ID="imLocalPlaces" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/Andy_Houses_on_the_horizon_-_Starburst_remix.png" Height="30" />                <span class="name">Local Places.</span>                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>                </li>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbWhereIveBeen" runat="server" onclick="lbWhereIveBeen_Click">                <asp:Image ID="imImHere" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/ryanlerch_flagpole.png" Height="30" />                <span class="name">I've been here.</span>                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>                </li>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbMyStats" runat="server">                <asp:Image ID="imMyStats" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/Anonymous_Spreadsheet.png" Height="30" />                <span class="name">My Stats.</span>                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>                </li>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbAddAPlace" runat="server" onclick="lbAddAPlace_Click">                <asp:Image ID="imAddAPlace" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/jean_victor_balin_add.png" Height="30" />                <span class="name">Add a Place.</span>                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>                </li>            <li class="button">                <input type="button" value="Update Your Current Location" onclick="UpdateLocation_Click()">                </li>        </ul>    </div>    </asp:Panel>    <div>    <asp:Panel ID="pnlCoupons" runat="server" Visible="false">        <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">MapSplore</div>        <div id="leftbutton">            <asp:LinkButton runat="server" Text="Return"                 ID="ReturnFromDeals" OnClick="ReturnFromDeals_Click" /></div></div>    <div class="content">    <asp:ListView ID="lvCoupons" runat="server">        <LayoutTemplate>            <ul class="pageitem" runat="server">                <asp:PlaceHolder ID="itemPlaceholder" runat="server" />            </ul>        </LayoutTemplate>        <ItemTemplate>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbBusiness" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("Place.Name") %>' OnClick="lbBusiness_Click">                    <span class="comment">                    <asp:Label ID="lblAddress" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("Place.Address1") %>' />                    <asp:Label ID="lblDis" runat="server" Text='<%# Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(Eval("Place.Distance"))) + " meters" %>' CssClass="smallText" />                    <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceId" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("PlaceId") %>' />                    <asp:HiddenField ID="hdGeoPromotionId" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("GeoPromotionId") %>' />                    </span>                    <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton></li></ItemTemplate></asp:ListView><asp:GridView ID="gvCoupons" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="false">            <HeaderStyle BackColor="Silver" />            <AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="Wheat" />            <Columns>                <asp:TemplateField AccessibleHeaderText="Business" HeaderText="Business">                    <ItemTemplate>                        <asp:Image ID="imPlaceType" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("Type") %>' ImageUrl='<%#Eval("Image") %>' />                        <asp:LinkButton ID="lbBusiness" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("Name") %>' OnClick="lbBusiness_Click" />                        <asp:LinkButton ID="lblAddress" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("Address1") %>' CssClass="smallText" />                        <asp:Label ID="lblDis" runat="server" Text='<%# Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(Eval("Distance"))) + " meters" %>' CssClass="smallText" />                        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceId" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("PlaceId") %>' />                        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdGeoPromotionId" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("GeoPromotionId") %>' />                        <asp:Label ID="lblInfo" runat="server" Visible="false" />                    </ItemTemplate>                </asp:TemplateField>            </Columns>        </asp:GridView>    </div>    </asp:Panel>    <asp:Panel ID="pnlPlaces" runat="server" Visible="false">    <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">            MapSplore</div><div id="leftbutton">            <asp:LinkButton runat="server" Text="Return"                 ID="ReturnFromPlaces" OnClick="ReturnFromPlaces_Click" /></div></div>        <div id="content">        <asp:ListView ID="lvPlaces" runat="server">            <LayoutTemplate>                <ul id="ulPlaces" class="pageitem" runat="server">                    <asp:PlaceHolder ID="itemPlaceholder" runat="server" />                    <li class="menu">                        <asp:LinkButton ID="lbNotListed" runat="server" CssClass="name"                            OnClick="lbNotListed_Click">                            Place not listed                            <span class="arrow"></span>                            </asp:LinkButton>                    </li>                </ul>            </LayoutTemplate>            <ItemTemplate>            <li class="menu">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbImHere" runat="server" CssClass="name"                     OnClick="lbImHere_Click">                <%#DisplayName(Eval("Name")) %>&nbsp;                <%# Convert.ToString(Convert.ToInt32(Eval("Distance"))) + " meters" %>                <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceId" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("PlaceId") %>' />                <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton></li></ItemTemplate></asp:ListView>    </div>    </asp:Panel>    <asp:Panel ID="pnlImHereNow" runat="server" Visible="false">        <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">            MapSplore</div><div id="leftbutton">            <asp:LinkButton runat="server" Text="Places"                 ID="lbImHereNowReturn" OnClick="lbImHereNowReturn_Click" /></div></div>            <div id="rightbutton">            <asp:LinkButton runat="server" Text="Beginning"                ID="lbBackToBeginning" OnClick="lbBackToBeginning_Click" />            </div>        <div id="content">        <ul class="pageitem">        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceId" runat="server" />        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceLat" runat="server" />        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceLon" runat="server" />        <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceTitle" runat="server" />        <asp:Button ID="btnImHereNow" runat="server"             Text="I'm here" OnClick="btnImHereNow_Click" />             <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceTitle" runat="server" /><br />        <asp:TextBox ID="txtWhatsHappening" runat="server" TextMode="MultiLine" Rows="2" style="width:300px" /><br />        <div id="divImHere" style="width:300px; height:300px"></div>        </div>        </ul>    </asp:Panel>    <asp:Panel runat="server" ID="pnlIveBeenHere" Visible="false">        <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">            Where I've been</div><div id="leftbutton">            <asp:LinkButton ID="lbIveBeenHereBack" runat="server" Text="Back" OnClick="lbIveBeenHereBack_Click" /></div></div>        <div id="content">        <asp:ListView ID="lvWhereIveBeen" runat="server">            <LayoutTemplate>                <ul id="ulWhereIveBeen" class="pageitem" runat="server">                    <asp:PlaceHolder ID="itemPlaceholder" runat="server" />                </ul>            </LayoutTemplate>            <ItemTemplate>            <li class="menu" runat="server">                <asp:LinkButton ID="lbPlaceIveBeen" runat="server" OnClick="lbPlaceIveBeen_Click" CssClass="name">                    <asp:Label ID="lblPlace" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("PlaceName") %>' /> at                    <asp:Label ID="lblTime" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("ATTime") %>' CssClass="content" />                    <asp:HiddenField ID="hdATID" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("ATID") %>' />                    <span class="arrow"></span>                </asp:LinkButton>            </li>            </ItemTemplate>        </asp:ListView>        </div>        </asp:Panel>    <asp:Panel runat="server" ID="pnlPlaceIveBeen" Visible="false">        <div id="topbar">        <div id="title">            I've been here        </div>        <div id="leftbutton">            <asp:LinkButton ID="lbPlaceIveBeenBack" runat="server" Text="Back" OnClick="lbPlaceIveBeenBack_Click" />        </div>        <div id="rightbutton">            <asp:LinkButton ID="lbPlaceIveBeenBeginning" runat="server" Text="Beginning" OnClick="lbPlaceIveBeenBeginning_Click" />        </div>        </div>        <div id="content">            <ul class="pageitem">            <li>            <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceIveBeenPlaceId" runat="server" />            <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceIveBeenLatitude" runat="server" />            <asp:HiddenField ID="hdPlaceIveBeenLongitude" runat="server" />            <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenName" runat="server" /><br />            <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenAddress" runat="server" /><br />            <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenCity" runat="server" />,             <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenState" runat="server" />            <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenZipCode" runat="server" /><br />            <asp:Label ID="lblPlaceIveBeenCountry" runat="server" /><br />            <div id="divPlaceIveBeen" style="width:300px; height:300px"></div>            </li>            </ul>        </div>                </asp:Panel>         <asp:Panel ID="pnlAddPlace" runat="server" Visible="false">                <div id="topbar"><div id="title">MapSplore</div><div id="leftbutton"><asp:LinkButton ID="lbAddPlaceReturn" runat="server" Text="Back" OnClick="lbAddPlaceReturn_Click" /></div><div id="rightnav"></div></div><div id="content">    <ul class="pageitem">        <li id="liPlaceAddMessage" runat="server" visible="false">        <asp:Label ID="PlaceAddMessage" runat="server" />        </li>        <li class="bigfield">        <asp:TextBox ID="txtPlaceName" runat="server" placeholder="Name of Establishment" />        </li>        <li class="bigfield">        <asp:TextBox ID="txtAddress1" runat="server" placeholder="Address 1" />        </li>        <li class="bigfield">        <asp:TextBox ID="txtCity" runat="server" placeholder="City" />        </li>        <li class="select">        <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlProvince" runat="server" placeholder="Select State" />          <span class="arrow"></span>              </li>        <li class="bigfield">        <asp:TextBox ID="txtZipCode" runat="server" placeholder="Zip Code" />        </li>        <li class="select">        <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlCountry" runat="server"             onselectedindexchanged="ddlCountry_SelectedIndexChanged" />        <span class="arrow"></span>        </li>        <li class="bigfield">        <asp:TextBox ID="txtPhoneNumber" runat="server" placeholder="Phone Number" />        </li>        <li class="checkbox">            <span class="name">You Here Now:</span> <asp:CheckBox ID="cbYouHereNow" runat="server" Checked="true" />        </li>        <li class="button">        <asp:Button ID="btnAdd" runat="server" Text="Add Place"             onclick="btnAdd_Click" />        </li>    </ul></div>        </asp:Panel>        <asp:Panel ID="pnlImHere" runat="server" Visible="false">            <asp:TextBox ID="txtImHere" runat="server"                 TextMode="MultiLine" Rows="3" Columns="40" /><br />            <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlPlace" runat="server" /><br />            <asp:Button ID="btnHere" runat="server" Text="Tell Everyone I'm Here"                 onclick="btnHere_Click" /><br />        </asp:Panel>     </div>    </ContentTemplate>    </asp:UpdatePanel> </asp:Content> Code Behind .cs file: using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using LocationDataModel; public partial class AT_iPhone_Default : ViewStatePage{    private iPhoneDevice ipd;     protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        LocationDataEntities lde = new LocationDataEntities();        if (!Page.IsPostBack)        {            var Countries = from c in lde.Countries select c;            foreach (Country co in Countries)            {                ddlCountry.Items.Add(new ListItem(co.Name, co.CountryId.ToString()));            }            ddlCountry_SelectedIndexChanged(ddlCountry, null);            if (AppleIPhone.IsIPad())                ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPad;            if (AppleIPhone.IsIPhone())                ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPhone;            if (AppleIPhone.IsIPodTouch())                ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPodTouch;        }    }    protected void btnPlaces_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {    }    protected void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        bool blImHere = cbYouHereNow.Checked;        string Place = txtPlaceName.Text,            Address1 = txtAddress1.Text,            City = txtCity.Text,            ZipCode = txtZipCode.Text,            PhoneNumber = txtPhoneNumber.Text,            ProvinceId = ddlProvince.SelectedItem.Value,            CountryId = ddlCountry.SelectedItem.Value;        int iProvinceId, iCountryId;        double dLatitude, dLongitude;        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        if ((!String.IsNullOrEmpty(ProvinceId)) &&            (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(CountryId)))        {            iProvinceId = Convert.ToInt32(ProvinceId);            iCountryId = Convert.ToInt32(CountryId);            if (blImHere)            {                dLatitude = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);                dLongitude = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);                da.StorePlace(Place, Address1, String.Empty, City,                    iProvinceId, ZipCode, iCountryId, PhoneNumber,                    dLatitude, dLongitude);            }            else            {                da.StorePlace(Place, Address1, String.Empty, City,                    iProvinceId, ZipCode, iCountryId, PhoneNumber);            }            liPlaceAddMessage.Visible = true;            PlaceAddMessage.Text = "Awesome, your place has been added. Add Another!";            txtPlaceName.Text = String.Empty;            txtAddress1.Text = String.Empty;            txtCity.Text = String.Empty;            ddlProvince.SelectedIndex = -1;            txtZipCode.Text = String.Empty;            txtPhoneNumber.Text = String.Empty;        }        else        {            liPlaceAddMessage.Visible = true;            PlaceAddMessage.Text = "Please select a State and a Country.";        }    }    protected void ddlCountry_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        string CountryId = ddlCountry.SelectedItem.Value;        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(CountryId))        {            int iCountryId = Convert.ToInt32(CountryId);            LocationDataModel.LocationDataEntities lde = new LocationDataModel.LocationDataEntities();            var prov = from p in lde.Provinces where p.CountryId == iCountryId                        orderby p.ProvinceName select p;                        ddlProvince.Items.Add(String.Empty);            foreach (Province pr in prov)            {                ddlProvince.Items.Add(new ListItem(pr.ProvinceName, pr.ProvinceId.ToString()));            }        }        else        {            ddlProvince.Items.Clear();        }    }    protected void btnImHere_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        int i = 0;        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        double Lat = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value),            Lon = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        List<Place> lp = da.NearByLocations(Lat, Lon);        foreach (Place p in lp)        {            ListItem li = new ListItem(p.Name, p.PlaceId.ToString());            if (i == 0)            {                li.Selected = true;            }            ddlPlace.Items.Add(li);            i++;        }        pnlAddPlace.Visible = false;        pnlImHere.Visible = true;    }    protected void lbImHere_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        string UserName = Membership.GetUser().UserName;        ListViewItem lvi = (ListViewItem)(((LinkButton)sender).Parent);        HiddenField hd = (HiddenField)lvi.FindControl("hdPlaceId");        long PlaceId = Convert.ToInt64(hd.Value);        double dLatitude = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double dLongitude = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        Place pl = da.GetPlace(PlaceId);        pnlImHereNow.Visible = true;        pnlPlaces.Visible = false;        hdPlaceId.Value = PlaceId.ToString();        hdPlaceLat.Value = pl.Latitude.ToString();        hdPlaceLon.Value = pl.Longitude.ToString();        hdPlaceTitle.Value = pl.Name;        lblPlaceTitle.Text = pl.Name;    }    protected void btnHere_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        string UserName = Membership.GetUser().UserName;        string WhatsH = txtImHere.Text;        long PlaceId = Convert.ToInt64(ddlPlace.SelectedValue);        double dLatitude = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double dLongitude = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        da.StoreUserAT(UserName, PlaceId, WhatsH,            dLatitude, dLongitude);    }    protected void btnLocalCoupons_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        double dLatitude = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double dLongitude = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();     }    protected void lbBusiness_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        string UserName = Membership.GetUser().UserName;        GridViewRow gvr = (GridViewRow)(((LinkButton)sender).Parent.Parent);        HiddenField hd = (HiddenField)gvr.FindControl("hdPlaceId");        string sPlaceId = hd.Value;        Int64 PlaceId;        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(sPlaceId))        {            PlaceId = Convert.ToInt64(sPlaceId);        }    }    protected void lbLocalDeals_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        double dLatitude = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double dLongitude = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        pnlCoupons.Visible = true;        pnlStart.Visible = false;        List<GeoPromotion> lgp = da.NearByDeals(dLatitude, dLongitude);        lvCoupons.DataSource = lgp;        lvCoupons.DataBind();    }    protected void lbLocalPlaces_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        double Lat = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double Lon = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        List<LocationDataModel.Place> places = da.NearByLocations(Lat, Lon);        lvPlaces.DataSource = places;        lvPlaces.SelectedIndex = -1;        lvPlaces.DataBind();        pnlPlaces.Visible = true;        pnlStart.Visible = false;    }    protected void ReturnFromPlaces_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlPlaces.Visible = false;        pnlStart.Visible = true;    }    protected void ReturnFromDeals_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlCoupons.Visible = false;        pnlStart.Visible = true;    }    protected void btnImHereNow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        long PlaceId = Convert.ToInt32(hdPlaceId.Value);        string UserName = Membership.GetUser().UserName;        string WhatsHappening = txtWhatsHappening.Text;        double UserLat = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double UserLon = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        da.StoreUserAT(UserName, PlaceId, WhatsHappening,             UserLat, UserLon);    }    protected void lbImHereNowReturn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlImHereNow.Visible = false;        pnlPlaces.Visible = true;    }    protected void lbBackToBeginning_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlStart.Visible = true;        pnlImHereNow.Visible = false;    }    protected void lbWhereIveBeen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        string UserName = Membership.GetUser().UserName;        pnlStart.Visible = false;        pnlIveBeenHere.Visible = true;        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        lvWhereIveBeen.DataSource = da.UserATs(UserName, 0, 15);        lvWhereIveBeen.DataBind();    }    protected void lbIveBeenHereBack_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlIveBeenHere.Visible = false;        pnlStart.Visible = true;    }     protected void lbPlaceIveBeen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        LinkButton lb = (LinkButton)sender;        ListViewItem lvi = (ListViewItem)lb.Parent.Parent;        HiddenField hdATID = (HiddenField)lvi.FindControl("hdATID");        Int64 ATID = Convert.ToInt64(hdATID.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        pnlIveBeenHere.Visible = false;        pnlPlaceIveBeen.Visible = true;        var plac = da.GetPlaceViaATID(ATID);        hdPlaceIveBeenPlaceId.Value = plac.PlaceId.ToString();        hdPlaceIveBeenLatitude.Value = plac.Latitude.ToString();        hdPlaceIveBeenLongitude.Value = plac.Longitude.ToString();        lblPlaceIveBeenName.Text = plac.Name;        lblPlaceIveBeenAddress.Text = plac.Address1;        lblPlaceIveBeenCity.Text = plac.City;        lblPlaceIveBeenState.Text = plac.Province.ProvinceName;        lblPlaceIveBeenZipCode.Text = plac.ZipCode;        lblPlaceIveBeenCountry.Text = plac.Country.Name;    }     protected void lbNotListed_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        SetupAddPoint();        pnlPlaces.Visible = false;    }     protected void lbAddAPlace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        SetupAddPoint();    }     private void SetupAddPoint()    {        double lat = Convert.ToDouble(Latitude.Value);        double lon = Convert.ToDouble(Longitude.Value);        DataAccess da = new DataAccess();        var zip = da.WhereAmIAt(lat, lon);        if (zip.Count > 0)        {            var z0 = zip[0];            txtCity.Text = z0.City;            txtZipCode.Text = z0.ZipCode;            ddlProvince.ClearSelection();            if (z0.ProvinceId.HasValue == true)            {                foreach (ListItem li in ddlProvince.Items)                {                    if (li.Value == z0.ProvinceId.Value.ToString())                    {                        li.Selected = true;                        break;                    }                }            }        }        pnlAddPlace.Visible = true;        pnlStart.Visible = false;    }    protected void lbAddPlaceReturn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlAddPlace.Visible = false;        pnlStart.Visible = true;        liPlaceAddMessage.Visible = false;        PlaceAddMessage.Text = String.Empty;    }    protected void lbPlaceIveBeenBack_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlIveBeenHere.Visible = true;        pnlPlaceIveBeen.Visible = false;            }    protected void lbPlaceIveBeenBeginning_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)    {        pnlPlaceIveBeen.Visible = false;        pnlStart.Visible = true;    }    protected string DisplayName(object val)    {        string strVal = Convert.ToString(val);         if (AppleIPhone.IsIPad())        {            ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPad;        }        if (AppleIPhone.IsIPhone())        {            ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPhone;        }        if (AppleIPhone.IsIPodTouch())        {            ipd = iPhoneDevice.iPodTouch;        }        return (iPhoneHelper.DisplayContentOnMenu(strVal, ipd));    }} iPhoneHelper.cs file: using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web; public enum iPhoneDevice{    iPhone, iPodTouch, iPad}/// <summary>/// Summary description for iPhoneHelper/// </summary>/// public class iPhoneHelper{ public iPhoneHelper() {  //  // TODO: Add constructor logic here  // } // This code is stupid in retrospect. Use css to solve this problem      public static string DisplayContentOnMenu(string val, iPhoneDevice ipd)    {        string Return = val;        string Elipsis = "...";        int iPadMaxLength = 30;        int iPhoneMaxLength = 15;        if (ipd == iPhoneDevice.iPad)        {            if (Return.Length > iPadMaxLength)            {                Return = Return.Substring(0, iPadMaxLength - Elipsis.Length) + Elipsis;            }        }        else        {            if (Return.Length > iPhoneMaxLength)            {                Return = Return.Substring(0, iPhoneMaxLength - Elipsis.Length) + Elipsis;            }        }        return (Return);    }}  Source code for the ViewStatePage: using System;using System.Data;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System.Configuration;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; /// <summary>/// Summary description for BasePage/// </summary>#region Base class for a page.public class ViewStatePage : System.Web.UI.Page{     PageStatePersisterToDatabase myPageStatePersister;        public ViewStatePage()        : base()    {        myPageStatePersister = new PageStatePersisterToDatabase(this);    }     protected override PageStatePersister PageStatePersister    {        get        {            return myPageStatePersister;        }    } }#endregion #region This class will override the page persistence to store page state in a database.public class PageStatePersisterToDatabase : PageStatePersister{    private string ViewStateKeyField = "__VIEWSTATE_KEY";    private string _exNoConnectionStringFound = "No Database Configuration information is in the web.config.";     public PageStatePersisterToDatabase(Page page)        : base(page)    {    }     public override void Load()    {         // Get the cache key from the web form data        System.Int64 key = Convert.ToInt64(Page.Request.Params[ViewStateKeyField]);         Pair state = this.LoadState(key);         // Abort if cache object is not of type Pair        if (state == null)            throw new ApplicationException("Missing valid " + ViewStateKeyField);         // Set view state and control state        ViewState = state.First;        ControlState = state.Second;    }     public override void Save()    {         // No processing needed if no states available        if (ViewState == null && ControlState != null)            return;         System.Int64 key;        IStateFormatter formatter = this.StateFormatter;        Pair statePair = new Pair(ViewState, ControlState);         // Serialize the statePair object to a string.        string serializedState = formatter.Serialize(statePair);         // Save the ViewState and get a unique identifier back.        key = SaveState(serializedState);         // Register hidden field to store cache key in        // Page.ClientScript does not work properly with Atlas.        //Page.ClientScript.RegisterHiddenField(ViewStateKeyField, key.ToString());        ScriptManager.RegisterHiddenField(this.Page, ViewStateKeyField, key.ToString());    }     private System.Int64 SaveState(string PageState)    {        System.Int64 i64Key = 0;        string strConn = String.Empty,            strProvider = String.Empty;         string strSql = "insert into tblPageState ( SerializedState ) values ( '" + SqlEscape(PageState) + "');select scope_identity();";        SqlConnection sqlCn;        SqlCommand sqlCm;        try        {            GetDBConnectionString(ref strConn, ref strProvider);            sqlCn = new SqlConnection(strConn);            sqlCm = new SqlCommand(strSql, sqlCn);            sqlCn.Open();            i64Key = Convert.ToInt64(sqlCm.ExecuteScalar());            if (sqlCn.State != ConnectionState.Closed)            {                sqlCn.Close();            }            sqlCn.Dispose();            sqlCm.Dispose();        }        finally        {            sqlCn = null;            sqlCm = null;        }        return i64Key;    }     private Pair LoadState(System.Int64 iKey)    {        string strConn = String.Empty,            strProvider = String.Empty,            SerializedState = String.Empty,            strMinutesInPast = GetMinutesInPastToDelete();        Pair PageState;        string strSql = "select SerializedState from tblPageState where tblPageStateID=" + iKey.ToString() + ";" +            "delete from tblPageState where DateUpdated<DateAdd(mi, " + strMinutesInPast + ", getdate());";        SqlConnection sqlCn;        SqlCommand sqlCm;        try        {            GetDBConnectionString(ref strConn, ref strProvider);            sqlCn = new SqlConnection(strConn);            sqlCm = new SqlCommand(strSql, sqlCn);             sqlCn.Open();            SerializedState = Convert.ToString(sqlCm.ExecuteScalar());            IStateFormatter formatter = this.StateFormatter;             if ((null == SerializedState) ||                (String.Empty == SerializedState))            {                throw (new ApplicationException("No ViewState records were returned."));            }             // Deserilize returns the Pair object that is serialized in            // the Save method.            PageState = (Pair)formatter.Deserialize(SerializedState);             if (sqlCn.State != ConnectionState.Closed)            {                sqlCn.Close();            }            sqlCn.Dispose();            sqlCm.Dispose();        }        finally        {            sqlCn = null;            sqlCm = null;        }        return PageState;    }     private string SqlEscape(string Val)    {        string ReturnVal = String.Empty;        if (null != Val)        {            ReturnVal = Val.Replace("'", "''");        }        return (ReturnVal);    }    private void GetDBConnectionString(ref string ConnectionStringValue, ref string ProviderNameValue)    {        if (System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings.Count > 0)        {            ConnectionStringValue = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ApplicationServices"].ConnectionString;            ProviderNameValue = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ApplicationServices"].ProviderName;        }        else        {            throw new ConfigurationErrorsException(_exNoConnectionStringFound);        }    }    private string GetMinutesInPastToDelete()    {        string strReturn = "-60";        if (null != System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MinutesInPastToDeletePageState"])        {            strReturn = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MinutesInPastToDeletePageState"].ToString();        }        return (strReturn);    }}#endregion AppleiPhone.cs file: using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web; /// <summary>/// Summary description for AppleIPhone/// </summary>public class AppleIPhone{ public AppleIPhone() {  //  // TODO: Add constructor logic here  // }     static public bool IsIPhoneOS()    {        return (IsIPad() || IsIPhone() || IsIPodTouch());    }     static public bool IsIPhone()    {        return IsTest("iPhone");    }     static public bool IsIPodTouch()    {        return IsTest("iPod");    }     static public bool IsIPad()    {        return IsTest("iPad");    }     static private bool IsTest(string Agent)    {        bool bl = false;        string ua = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserAgent.ToLower();        try        {            bl = ua.Contains(Agent.ToLower());        }        catch { }        return (bl);        }} Master page .cs: using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Web;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls; public partial class MasterPages_iPhoneMaster : System.Web.UI.MasterPage{    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)    {            HtmlHead head = Page.Header;            HtmlMeta meta = new HtmlMeta();            if (AppleIPhone.IsIPad() == true)            {                meta.Content = "width=400,user-scalable=no";                head.Controls.Add(meta);             }            else            {                meta.Content = "width=device-width, user-scalable=no";                meta.Attributes.Add("name", "viewport");            }            meta.Attributes.Add("name", "viewport");            head.Controls.Add(meta);            HtmlLink cssLink = new HtmlLink();            HtmlGenericControl script = new HtmlGenericControl("script");            script.Attributes.Add("type", "text/javascript");            script.Attributes.Add("src", ResolveUrl("~/Scripts/iWebKit/javascript/functions.js"));            head.Controls.Add(script);            cssLink.Attributes.Add("rel", "stylesheet");            cssLink.Attributes.Add("href", ResolveUrl("~/Scripts/iWebKit/css/style.css") );            cssLink.Attributes.Add("type", "text/css");            head.Controls.Add(cssLink);            HtmlGenericControl jsLink = new HtmlGenericControl("script");            //jsLink.Attributes.Add("type", "text/javascript");            //jsLink.Attributes.Add("src", ResolveUrl("~/Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.min.js") );            //head.Controls.Add(jsLink);            HtmlLink appleIcon = new HtmlLink();            appleIcon.Attributes.Add("rel", "apple-touch-icon");            appleIcon.Attributes.Add("href", ResolveUrl("~/apple-touch-icon.png"));            HtmlMeta appleMobileWebAppStatusBarStyle = new HtmlMeta();            appleMobileWebAppStatusBarStyle.Attributes.Add("name", "apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style");            appleMobileWebAppStatusBarStyle.Attributes.Add("content", "black");            head.Controls.Add(appleMobileWebAppStatusBarStyle);    }     internal string FindPath(string Location)    {        string Url = Server.MapPath(Location);        return (Url);    }}

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  • Parallelism in .NET – Part 6, Declarative Data Parallelism

    - by Reed
    When working with a problem that can be decomposed by data, we have a collection, and some operation being performed upon the collection.  I’ve demonstrated how this can be parallelized using the Task Parallel Library and imperative programming using imperative data parallelism via the Parallel class.  While this provides a huge step forward in terms of power and capabilities, in many cases, special care must still be given for relative common scenarios. C# 3.0 and Visual Basic 9.0 introduced a new, declarative programming model to .NET via the LINQ Project.  When working with collections, we can now write software that describes what we want to occur without having to explicitly state how the program should accomplish the task.  By taking advantage of LINQ, many operations become much shorter, more elegant, and easier to understand and maintain.  Version 4.0 of the .NET framework extends this concept into the parallel computation space by introducing Parallel LINQ. Before we delve into PLINQ, let’s begin with a short discussion of LINQ.  LINQ, the extensions to the .NET Framework which implement language integrated query, set, and transform operations, is implemented in many flavors.  For our purposes, we are interested in LINQ to Objects.  When dealing with parallelizing a routine, we typically are dealing with in-memory data storage.  More data-access oriented LINQ variants, such as LINQ to SQL and LINQ to Entities in the Entity Framework fall outside of our concern, since the parallelism there is the concern of the data base engine processing the query itself. LINQ (LINQ to Objects in particular) works by implementing a series of extension methods, most of which work on IEnumerable<T>.  The language enhancements use these extension methods to create a very concise, readable alternative to using traditional foreach statement.  For example, let’s revisit our minimum aggregation routine we wrote in Part 4: double min = double.MaxValue; foreach(var item in collection) { double value = item.PerformComputation(); min = System.Math.Min(min, value); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Here, we’re doing a very simple computation, but writing this in an imperative style.  This can be loosely translated to English as: Create a very large number, and save it in min Loop through each item in the collection. For every item: Perform some computation, and save the result If the computation is less than min, set min to the computation Although this is fairly easy to follow, it’s quite a few lines of code, and it requires us to read through the code, step by step, line by line, in order to understand the intention of the developer. We can rework this same statement, using LINQ: double min = collection.Min(item => item.PerformComputation()); Here, we’re after the same information.  However, this is written using a declarative programming style.  When we see this code, we’d naturally translate this to English as: Save the Min value of collection, determined via calling item.PerformComputation() That’s it – instead of multiple logical steps, we have one single, declarative request.  This makes the developer’s intentions very clear, and very easy to follow.  The system is free to implement this using whatever method required. Parallel LINQ (PLINQ) extends LINQ to Objects to support parallel operations.  This is a perfect fit in many cases when you have a problem that can be decomposed by data.  To show this, let’s again refer to our minimum aggregation routine from Part 4, but this time, let’s review our final, parallelized version: // Safe, and fast! double min = double.MaxValue; // Make a "lock" object object syncObject = new object(); Parallel.ForEach( collection, // First, we provide a local state initialization delegate. () => double.MaxValue, // Next, we supply the body, which takes the original item, loop state, // and local state, and returns a new local state (item, loopState, localState) => { double value = item.PerformComputation(); return System.Math.Min(localState, value); }, // Finally, we provide an Action<TLocal>, to "merge" results together localState => { // This requires locking, but it's only once per used thread lock(syncObj) min = System.Math.Min(min, localState); } ); Here, we’re doing the same computation as above, but fully parallelized.  Describing this in English becomes quite a feat: Create a very large number, and save it in min Create a temporary object we can use for locking Call Parallel.ForEach, specifying three delegates For the first delegate: Initialize a local variable to hold the local state to a very large number For the second delegate: For each item in the collection, perform some computation, save the result If the result is less than our local state, save the result in local state For the final delegate: Take a lock on our temporary object to protect our min variable Save the min of our min and local state variables Although this solves our problem, and does it in a very efficient way, we’ve created a set of code that is quite a bit more difficult to understand and maintain. PLINQ provides us with a very nice alternative.  In order to use PLINQ, we need to learn one new extension method that works on IEnumerable<T> – ParallelEnumerable.AsParallel(). That’s all we need to learn in order to use PLINQ: one single method.  We can write our minimum aggregation in PLINQ very simply: double min = collection.AsParallel().Min(item => item.PerformComputation()); By simply adding “.AsParallel()” to our LINQ to Objects query, we converted this to using PLINQ and running this computation in parallel!  This can be loosely translated into English easily, as well: Process the collection in parallel Get the Minimum value, determined by calling PerformComputation on each item Here, our intention is very clear and easy to understand.  We just want to perform the same operation we did in serial, but run it “as parallel”.  PLINQ completely extends LINQ to Objects: the entire functionality of LINQ to Objects is available.  By simply adding a call to AsParallel(), we can specify that a collection should be processed in parallel.  This is simple, safe, and incredibly useful.

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  • How do I disable the touchpad using the upper left corner on an HP Pavilion dv6?

    - by William
    To disable the touchpad on an HP Pavilion dv6, you double tap on an area in the upper left hand corner of the touchpad. Then the blue indicator light around the border of the touchpad turns red, and the touchpad is disabled. Double tapping on this area again turns the touchpad turns back on. I do a lot of typing, and frequently bump the touchpad, messing up my work and annoying me. So, I would like to enable the ability to disable the touchpad by double-tapping on the area in the upper left hand corner. Unfortunately, there is no function key backup to disable the touchpad. This does not work in Ubuntu. I can turn it off using touchpad-indicator, but the program must be manually started and you have to disable using the key combination. Double-tapping the area is much easier. My computer is the HP Pavilion dv6-6135dx. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Convert NSData to primitive variable with ieee-754 or twos-complement ?

    - by William GILLARD
    Hi every one. I am new programmer in Obj-C and cocoa. Im a trying to write a framework which will be used to read a binary files (Flexible Image Transport System or FITS binary files, usually used by astronomers). The binary data, that I am interested to extract, can have various formats and I get its properties by reading the header of the FITS file. Up to now, I manage to create a class to store the content of the FITS file and to isolate the header into a NSString object and the binary data into a NSData object. I also manage to write method which allow me to extract the key values from the header that are very valuable to interpret the binary data. I am now trying to convert the NSData object into a primitive array (array of double, int, short ...). But, here, I get stuck and would appreciate any help. According to the documentation I have about the FITS file, I have 5 possibilities to interpret the binary data depending on the value of the BITPIX key: BITPIX value | Data represented 8 | Char or unsigned binary int 16 | 16-bit two's complement binary integer 32 | 32-bit two's complement binary integer 64 | 64-bit two's complement binary integer -32 | IEEE single precision floating-point -64 | IEEE double precision floating-point I already write the peace of code, shown bellow, to try to convert the NSData into a primitive array. // self reefer to my FITS class which contain a NSString object // with the content of the header and a NSData object with the binary data. -(void*) GetArray { switch (BITPIX) { case 8: return [self GetArrayOfUInt]; break; case 16: return [self GetArrayOfInt]; break; case 32: return [self GetArrayOfLongInt]; break; case 64: return [self GetArrayOfLongLong]; break; case -32: return [self GetArrayOfFloat]; break; case -64: return [self GetArrayOfDouble]; break; default: return NULL; } } // then I show you the method to convert the NSData into a primitive array. // I restrict my example to the case of 'double'. Code is similar for other methods // just change double by 'unsigned int' (BITPIX 8), 'short' (BITPIX 16) // 'int' (BITPIX 32) 'long lon' (BITPIX 64), 'float' (BITPIX -32). -(double*) GetArrayOfDouble { int Nelements=[self NPIXEL]; // Metod to extract, from the header // the number of element into the array NSLog(@"TOTAL NUMBER OF ELEMENTS [%i]\n",Nelements); //CREATE THE ARRAY double (*array)[Nelements]; // Get the total number of bits in the binary data int Nbit = abs(BITPIX)*GCOUNT*(PCOUNT + Nelements); // GCOUNT and PCOUNT are defined // into the header NSLog(@"TOTAL NUMBER OF BIT [%i]\n",Nbit); int i=0; //FILL THE ARRAY double Value; for(int bit=0; bit < Nbit; bit+=sizeof(double)) { [Img getBytes:&Value range:NSMakeRange(bit,sizeof(double))]; NSLog(@"[%i]:(%u)%.8G\n",i,bit,Value); (*array)[i]=Value; i++; } return (*array); } However, the value I print in the loop are very different from the expected values (compared using official FITS software). Therefore, I think that the Obj-C double does not use the IEEE-754 convention as well as the Obj-C int are not twos-complement. I am really not familiar with this two convention (IEEE and twos-complement) and would like to know how I can do this conversion with Obj-C. In advance many thanks for any help or information.

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  • Hancon / Hanwang Graphics Tablet not recognised

    - by Martin Kyle
    I'm totally lost. I've just built a new system and installed Ubuntu 12.04. It's my first time with Linux and getting into the terminal / command line for the first time since IBMDOS 5 and Windows 3.1 has been a steep learning curve. However, the interface works beautifully apart from it doesn't recognize my Hanvon Artmaster AM1209. I have sent diagnostics to Digimend and Favux was kind enough to advise that the tablet should be using the Wacom X driver as the Hanvon is actually a Hanwang and these should be supported. lsusb reports: ID 0b57:8501 Beijing HanwangTechnology Co., Ltd xinput list reports: ? Virtual core pointer id=2 [master pointer (3)] ? ? Virtual core XTEST pointer id=4 [slave pointer (2)] ? ? PS/2+USB Mouse id=8 [slave pointer (2)] ? Virtual core keyboard id=3 [master keyboard (2)] ? Virtual core XTEST keyboard id=5 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Power Button id=6 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Power Button id=7 [slave keyboard (3)] ? Eee PC WMI hotkeys id=9 [slave keyboard (3)] ? AT Translated Set 2 keyboard id=10 [slave keyboard (3)] Favux suggested inspecting /var/log/Xorg.0.log for the tablet but I cannot see any mention of it, and that is as far as I have got. I've tried researching the problem but I am struggling with all the new terminology and the fact that I want the PC to be a means to an end and not the end in itself where I spend the rest of my days tweaking and testing rather than just using it. Hope there is some help out there.

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  • NSArrays in NSArrays. A pointer problem?

    - by RyJ
    I believe my problem involves pointers, a concept I often struggle with, but here's what I'm trying to do. I have six NSArrays. I want an additional NSArray comprised of these six arrays, so: self.arr1 = [NSArray array]; self.arr2 = [NSArray array]; self.arr3 = [NSArray array]; self.arr4 = [NSArray array]; self.arr5 = [NSArray array]; self.arr6 = [NSArray array]; NSArray *containerArray = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:self.arr1, ... etc, nil]; Whenever I update one of the first 6 NSArrays, I want the object updated in containerArray. (I know I'm using an NSArray and not an NSMutableArray, when I update the arrays I create a new one and assign it to the instance variable). Currently, any manipulation of arr1 is not reflected in [containerArray objectAtIndex:0].

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  • WSDL-world vs CLR-world – some differences

    - by nmarun
    A change in mindset is required when switching between a typical CLR application and a web service application. There are some things in a CLR environment that just don’t add-up in a WSDL arena (and vice-versa). I’m listing some of them here. When I say WSDL-world, I’m mostly talking with respect to a WCF Service and / or a Web Service. No (direct) Method Overloading: You definitely can have overloaded methods in a, say, Console application, but when it comes to a WCF / Web Services application, you need to adorn these overloaded methods with a special attribute so the service knows which specific method to invoke. When you’re working with WCF, use the Name property of the OperationContract attribute to provide unique names. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "AddInt")] 2: int Add(int arg1, int arg2); 3:  4: [OperationContract(Name = "AddDouble")] 5: double Add(double arg1, double arg2); By default, the proxy generates the code for this as: 1: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 2: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddInt", 3: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddIntResponse")] 4: int AddInt(int arg1, int arg2); 5: 6: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 7: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDouble", 8: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDoubleResponse")] 9: double AddDouble(double arg1, double arg2); With Web Services though the story is slightly different. Even after setting the MessageName property of the WebMethod attribute, the proxy does not change the name of the method, but only the underlying soap message changes. 1: [WebMethod] 2: public string HelloGalaxy() 3: { 4: return "Hello Milky Way!"; 5: } 6:  7: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 8: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 9: { 10: return string.Format("Hello {0}!", galaxyName); 11: } The one thing you need to remember is to set the WebServiceBinding accordingly. 1: [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.None)] The proxy is: 1: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloGalaxy", 2: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 3: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 4: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 5: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 6: public string HelloGalaxy() 7:  8: [System.Web.Services.WebMethodAttribute(MessageName="HelloGalaxy1")] 9: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloAnyGalaxy", 10: RequestElementName="HelloAnyGalaxy", 11: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 12: ResponseElementName="HelloAnyGalaxyResponse", 13: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 14: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 15: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 16: [return: System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("HelloAnyGalaxyResult")] 17: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 18:  You see the calling method name is the same in the proxy, however the soap message that gets generated is different. Using interchangeable data types: See details on this here. Type visibility: In a CLR-based application, if you mark a field as private, well we all know, it’s ‘private’. Coming to a WSDL side of things, in a Web Service, private fields and web methods will not get generated in the proxy. In WCF however, all your operation contracts will be public as they get implemented from an interface. Even in case your ServiceContract interface is declared internal/private, you will see it as a public interface in the proxy. This is because type visibility is a CLR concept and has no bearing on WCF. Also if a private field has the [DataMember] attribute in a data contract, it will get emitted in the proxy class as a public property for the very same reason. 1: [DataContract] 2: public struct Person 3: { 4: [DataMember] 5: private int _x; 6:  7: [DataMember] 8: public int Id { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string FirstName { get; set; } 12:  13: [DataMember] 14: public string Header { get; set; } 15: } 16: } See the ‘_x’ field is a private member with the [DataMember] attribute, but the proxy class shows as below: 1: [System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute()] 2: public int _x { 3: get { 4: return this._xField; 5: } 6: set { 7: if ((this._xField.Equals(value) != true)) { 8: this._xField = value; 9: this.RaisePropertyChanged("_x"); 10: } 11: } 12: } Passing derived types to web methods / operation contracts: Once again, in a CLR application, I can have a derived class be passed as a parameter where a base class is expected. I have the following set up for my WCF service. 1: [DataContract] 2: public class Employee 3: { 4: [DataMember(Name = "Id")] 5: public int EmployeeId { get; set; } 6:  7: [DataMember(Name="FirstName")] 8: public string FName { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string Header { get; set; } 12: } 13:  14: [DataContract] 15: public class Manager : Employee 16: { 17: [DataMember] 18: private int _x; 19: } 20:  21: // service contract 22: [OperationContract] 23: Manager SaveManager(Employee employee); 24:  25: // in my calling code 26: Manager manager = new Manager {_x = 1, FirstName = "abc"}; 27: manager = LearnWcfServiceClient.SaveManager(manager); The above will throw an exception saying: In short, this is saying, that a Manager type was found where an Employee type was expected! Hierarchy flattening of interfaces in WCF: See details on this here. In CLR world, you’ll see the entire hierarchy as is. That’s another difference. Using ref parameters: * can use ref for parameters, but operation contract should not be one-way (gives an error when you do an update service reference)   => bad programming; create a return object that is composed of everything you need! This one kind of stumped me. Not sure why I tried this, but you can pass parameters prefixed with ref keyword* (* terms and conditions apply). The main issue is this, how would we know the changes that were made to a ‘ref’ input parameter are returned back from the service and updated to the local variable? Turns out both Web Services and WCF make this tracking happen by passing the input parameter in the response soap. This way when the deserializer does its magic, it maps all the elements of the response xml thereby updating our local variable. Here’s what I’m talking about. 1: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 2: public string HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) 3: { 4: string output = string.Format("Hello {0}", galaxyName); 5: if (galaxyName == "Andromeda") 6: { 7: galaxyName = string.Format("{0} (2.5 million light-years away)", galaxyName); 8: } 9: return output; 10: } This is how the request and response look like in soapUI. As I said above, the behavior is quite similar for WCF as well. But the catch comes when you have a one-way web methods / operation contracts. If you have an operation contract whose return type is void, is marked one-way and that has ref parameters then you’ll get an error message when you try to reference such a service. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "Sum", IsOneWay = true)] 2: void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2); 3:  4: public void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2) 5: { 6: arg1 += arg2; 7: } This is what I got when I did an update to my service reference: Makes sense, because a OneWay operation is… one-way – there’s no returning from this operation. You can also have a one-way web method: 1: [SoapDocumentMethod(OneWay = true)] 2: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 3: public void HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) This will throw an exception message similar to the one above when you try to update your web service reference. In the CLR space, there’s no such concept of a ‘one-way’ street! Yes, there’s void, but you very well can have ref parameters returned through such a method. Just a point here; although the ref/out concept sounds cool, it’s generally is a code-smell. The better approach is to always return an object that is composed of everything you need returned from a method. These are some of the differences that we need to bear when dealing with services that are different from our daily ‘CLR’ life.

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  • Easy Scaling in XAML (WPF)

    - by Robert May
    Ran into a problem that needed solving that was kind of fun.  I’m not a XAML guru, and I’m sure there are better solutions, but I thought I’d share mine. The problem was this:  Our designer had, appropriately, designed the system for a 1920 x 1080 screen resolution.  This is for a full screen, touch screen device (think Kiosk), which has that resolution, but we also wanted to demo the device on a tablet (currently using the AWESOME Samsung tablet given out at Microsoft Build).  When you’d run it on that tablet, things were ugly because it was at a lower resolution than the target device. Enter scaling.  I did some research and found out that I probably just need to monkey with the LayoutTransform of some grid somewhere.  This project is using MVVM and has a navigation container that we built that lives on a single root view.  User controls are then loaded into that view as navigation occurs. In the parent grid of the root view, I added the following XAML: <Grid.LayoutTransform> <ScaleTransform ScaleX="{Binding ScaleWidth}" ScaleY="{Binding ScaleHeight}" /> </Grid.LayoutTransform> And then in the root View Model, I added the following code: /// <summary> /// The required design width /// </summary> private const double RequiredWidth = 1920; /// <summary> /// The required design height /// </summary> private const double RequiredHeight = 1080; /// <summary>Gets the ActualHeight</summary> public double ActualHeight { get { return this.View.ActualHeight; } } /// <summary>Gets the ActualWidth</summary> public double ActualWidth { get { return this.View.ActualWidth; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the scale for the height. /// </summary> public double ScaleHeight { get { return this.ActualHeight / RequiredHeight; } } /// <summary> /// Gets the scale for the width. /// </summary> public double ScaleWidth { get { return this.ActualWidth / RequiredWidth; } } Note that View.ActualWidth and View.ActualHeight are just pointing directly at FrameworkElement.ActualWidth and FrameworkElement.ActualHeight. That’s it.  Just calculate the ratio and bind the scale transform to it. Hopefully you’ll find this useful. Technorati Tags: WPF,XAML

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  • is delete p where p is a pointer to array a memory leak ?

    - by Eli
    following a discussion in a software meeting I setup to find out if deleting an dynamically allocated primitive array with plain delete will cause a memory leak. I have written this tiny program and compiled with visual studio 2008 running on windows XP: #include "stdafx.h" #include "Windows.h" const unsigned long BLOCK_SIZE = 1024*100000; int _tmain() { for (unsigned int i =0; i < 1024*1000; i++) { int* p = new int[1024*100000]; for (int j =0;j<BLOCK_SIZE;j++) p[j]= j % 2; Sleep(1000); delete p; } } I than monitored the memory consumption of my application using task manager, surprisingly the memory was allocated and freed correctly, allocated memory did not steadily increase as was expected I've modified my test program to allocate a non primitive type array : #include "stdafx.h" #include "Windows.h" struct aStruct { aStruct() : i(1), j(0) {} int i; char j; } NonePrimitive; const unsigned long BLOCK_SIZE = 1024*100000; int _tmain() { for (unsigned int i =0; i < 1024*100000; i++) { aStruct* p = new aStruct[1024*100000]; Sleep(1000); delete p; } } after running for for 10 minutes there was no meaningful increase in memory I compiled the project with warning level 4 and got no warnings. is it possible that the visual studio run time keep track of the allocated objects types so there is no different between delete and delete[] in that environment ?

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