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  • How you would you describe the Observer pattern in beginner language?

    - by Sheldon
    Currently, my level of understanding is below all the coding examples on the web about the Observer Pattern. I understand it simply as being almost a subscription that updates all other events when a change is made that the delegate registers. However, I'm very unstable in my true comprehension of the benefits and uses. I've done some googling, but most are above my level of understanding. I'm trying to implement this pattern with my current homework assignment, and to truly make sense on my project need a better understanding of the pattern itself and perhaps an example to see what its use. I don't want to force this pattern into something just to submit, I need to understand the purpose and develop my methods accordingly so that it actually serves a good purpose. My text doesn't really go into it, just mentions it in one sentence. MSDN was hard for me to understand, as I'm a beginner on this, and it seems more of an advanced topic. How would you describe this Observer pattern and its uses in C# to a beginner? For an example, please keep code very simple so I can understand the purpose more than complex code snippets. I'm trying to use it effectively with some simple textbox string manipulations and using delegates for my assignment, so a pointer would help!

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  • How can I check whether Exposé is being activated or not?

    - by yangumi
    Hi, I'm creating an application that emulates MacBook's multi-touch Trackpad. As you may know, on MacBook's trackpad if you swipe 4 fingers up, it triggers the Show Desktop. if you swipe 4 fingers down, it shows the Exposé. However, if the Show Desktop is being activated and you swipe 4 fingers down, it will come back to the normal mode. The same goes with the Exposé: if the Exposé is being activated and you swipe 4 fingers up, it will also come back to the normal mode. Here is the problem: I use the keyboard shortcut F3 to show the Exposé and F11 to show the Show Desktop. The problem is, when the Show Desktop is being activated, if I press F3, it will go straight to the Exposé. And when the Exposé is being activated, if I press F11 it will go straight to the Show Desktop. But I want it to behave like Trackpad, which I guess its code may look like this - FourFingersDidSwipeUp { if (isExposeBeingActivated() || isShowDesktopBeingActivated()) { pressKey("Esc"); } else { pressKey("F11"); } } But I don't know how to implement the "isExposeBeingActivated()" and "isShowDesktopBeingActivated()" methods. I've tried creating a window and check whether its size has changed (on assumption that if the Expose is being activated, its size should be smaller), but the system always returns the same size. I tried monitoring the background processes during the Expose, but nothing happened. Does anyknow have any suggestions on this? (I'm sorry if my English sounds weird.)

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  • Constant error in compiler using C#'s provided objects

    - by dotnetdev
    I have used the built in C# methods to write a compiler, like the following: CodeDomProvider codeProvider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); string Output = "Out.exe"; Button ButtonObject = (Button)sender; this.RadTextBox1.Text = string.Empty; System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerParameters parameters = new CompilerParameters(); //Make sure we generate an EXE, not a DLL parameters.GenerateExecutable = true; parameters.OutputAssembly = Output; CompilerResults results = codeProvider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(parameters, RadTextBox1.Text); if (results.Errors.Count > 0) { RadTextBox2.ForeColor = Color.Red; foreach (CompilerError CompErr in results.Errors) { RadTextBox2.Text = RadTextBox2.Text + "Line number " + CompErr.Line + ", Error Number: " + CompErr.ErrorNumber + ", '" + CompErr.ErrorText + ";" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine; } } else { //Successful Compile RadTextBox2.ForeColor = Color.Blue; Guid guid = Guid.NewGuid(); string PathToExe = Server.MapPath(Path.Combine(@"\Compiled" , Output)); FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(PathToExe); using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs)) { sw.Write(RadTextBox1.Text); } Response.WriteFile(PathToExe); When I run this code and write a Main method (such as the code sample in http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms228506(VS.80).aspx, I get this error: Line number 0, Error Number: CS5001, 'Program 'c:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\IDE\Out.exe' does not contain a static 'Main' method suitable for an entry point; The code above is used as the basis of a compiler on my site (not yet live). So you type in code and generate an .exe assembly. But when I enter code into the textbox for code writing (Radtextbox1), even with a main method, I get the error. What gives? Thanks

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  • Correct method to search for AD user by email address from .NET

    - by BrianLy
    I'm having some issues with code that is intended to find a user in Active Directory by searching on their email address. I have tried 2 methods but I'm sometimes finding that the FindOne() method will not return any results on some occasions. If I look up the user in the GAL in Outlook I see the SMTP email address listed. My end goal is to confirm that the user exists in AD. I only have the email address as search criteria, so no way to use first or last name. Method 1: Using mail property: DirectorySearcher search = new DirectorySearcher(entry); search.Filter = "(mail=" + email + ")"; search.PropertiesToLoad.Add("mail"); SearchResult result = search.FindOne(); Method 2: proxyAddresses property: DirectorySearcher search = new DirectorySearcher(entry); search.Filter = "(proxyAddresses=SMTP:" + email + ")"; // I've also tried with =smtp: search.PropertiesToLoad.Add("mail"); SearchResult result = search.FindOne(); I've tried changing the case of the email address input but it still does not return a result. Is there a problem here with case sensitivity? If so, what is the best way to resolve it?

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  • WCF Security in a Windows Service

    - by Alphonso
    I have a WCF service which can run as Console App and a Windows Service. I have recently copied the console app up to a W2K3 server with the following security settings: <wsHttpBinding> <binding name="ServiceBinding_Security" transactionFlow="true" > <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential" > <message clientCredentialType="UserName" /> </security> </binding> </wsHttpBinding> <serviceCredentials> <userNameAuthentication userNamePasswordValidationMode="Custom" customUserNamePasswordValidatorType="Common.CustomUserNameValidator, Common" /> </serviceCredentials> Security works fine with no problems. I have exactly the same code, but running in a windows service and I get the following error when I try to call any of the methods from a client: System.ServiceModel.Security.MessageSecurityException was unhandled Message="An unsecured or incorrectly secured fault was received from the other party. See the inner FaultException for the fault code and detail." Source="mscorlib" StackTrace: Server stack trace: at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelFactory`1.SecurityRequestChannel.ProcessReply(Message reply, SecurityProtocolCorrelationState correlationState, TimeSpan timeout) ...... (lots of stacktrace info - not very useful) InnerException: System.ServiceModel.FaultException Message="An error occurred when verifying security for the message." The exception tells me nothing. I'm assuming that it has something to do with acces to system resources from the Windows Service. I've tried running it under the same account as the console app, but no luck. Does anyone have any ideas?

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  • Issue with CAAnimation and CALayer Transforms

    - by Brian
    I have a CALayer that I want to animate across the screen. I have created two methods: one slide open the layer and one to slide close. These both work by assigning a property to the layer's transform property. Now I want to use a CAKeyFrameAnimation to slide open the layer. I got this working so the layer slides open, but now I can't slide the layer close using my old method. I am trying to figure out why this is. Any help would be great. Code: - (id)init { if( self = [super init] ) { bIsOpen = NO; closeTransform = self.transform; openTransform = CATransform3DMakeTranslation(-235.0, 0.0, 0.0); } return self; } - (void)closeMenu { if( bIsOpen ) { self.transform = closeTransform; bIsOpen = !bIsOpen; } } - (void)openMenu { if( !bIsOpen ) { CAKeyframeAnimation *closeAnimation = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"]; closeAnimation.duration = 1.0; closeAnimation.removedOnCompletion = NO; closeAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards; closeAnimation.values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:closeTransform],[NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:openTransform],nil]; closeAnimation.timingFunctions = [NSArray arrayWithObject:[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear]]; [self addAnimation:closeAnimation forKey:@"transform"]; bIsOpen = !bIsOpen; } }

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  • Unable to create website error (NEW)

    - by salvationishere
    I copied my ClickOnce deployment to my C:/Inetpub/ folder on my webserver and I deleted my Virtual directory. I deleted the WpfApplication1 folder beneath wwwroot in Win Explorer. Then I turned on Web Sharing for this folder. Then I viewed my IIS Manager and this new Share name appeared under wwwroot. So now under Inetpub folder on my web server I have the following directory path: C:\Inetpub\WpfApplication1\ with contents: Application Files publish.htm setup.exe WpfApplication1.application Next, I remapped both the publishing and installation URL's for the project to http://myserver/WpfApplication1/ And I clicked Publish Now. But after I performed a Publish Now operation, I got the following error on my development server (D610-M): Error 1 Failed to connect to 'http://myserver/WpfApplication1/' with the following error: Unable to create the Web site 'http://myserver/WpfApplication1/'. The Web server does not appear to have any authentication methods enabled. It asked for user authentication, but did not send a WWW-Authenticate header. 1 1 WpfApplication1 On my webserver, when I click Browse from the IIS Manager on the WpfApplication1 directory, it shows me the Install page. But after I click the Browse button, it returns an error which says: The remote name could not be resolved: 'd610-m' (D610-M is the name of my development server). How do I fix this?

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  • python: how to design a container with elements that must reference their container

    - by Luke404
    (the title is admittedly not that great. Please forgive my English, this is the best I could think of) I'm writing a python script that will manage email domains and their accounts, and I'm also a newby at OOP design. My two (related?) issues are: the Domain class must do special work to add and remove accounts, like adding/removing them to the underlying implementation how to manage operations on accounts that must go through their container To solve the former issue I'd add a factory method to the Domain class that'll build an Account instance in that domain, and a 'remove' (anti-factory?) method to handle deletions. For the latter this seems to me "anti-oop" since what would logically be an operation on an Account (eg, change password) must always reference the containing Domain. Seems to me that I must add to the Account a reference back to the Domain and use that to get data (like the domain name) or call methods on the Domain class. Code example (element uses data from the container) that manages an underlying Vpopmail system: class Account: def __init__(self, name, password, domain): self.name = name self.password = password self.domain = domain def set_password(self, password): os.system('vpasswd %s@%s %s' % (self.name, self.domain.name, password) self.password = password class Domain: def __init__(self, domain_name): self.name = domain_name self.accounts = {} def create_account(self, name, password): os.system('vadduser %s@%s %s' % (name, self.name, password)) account = Account(name, password, self) self.accounts[name] = account def delete_account(self, name): os.system('vdeluser %s@%s' % (name, self.name)) del self.accounts[name] another option would be for Account.set_password to call a Domain method that would do the actual work - sounds equally ugly to me. Also note the duplication of data (account name also as dict key), it sounds logical (account names are "primary key" inside a domain) but accounts need to know their own name.

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  • JEditorPanes, Preferred Size, and printing HTML

    - by Ryan Elkins
    I'm trying to print some HTML directly, without displaying anything to the user. It works currently (somewhat) using a custom JEditorPane that implements Printable. The problem I'm having is that it always wants to use a preferred size of 582px x 560px. If I manually change the size using something like setSize(x,y) it will change the size of the pane, put the content renders at preferred size, not actual size (so it's still 582x560). I can scale it up to fit the page, but it's basically just an enlarged version where the images are all pixelated and the layout is wrong (based on the smaller window size). Inside the print method of my Printable JEditorPane I used this to try and get the size: javax.swing.JWindow wnd = new javax.swing.JWindow(); wnd.setContentPane(this); wnd.setSize(1024,1584); wnd.pack(); Dimension d = wnd.getPreferredSize(); With or without that setSize and/or pack methods on the JWindow the preferred size always comes back as 582x560. I do have control over the html that I'm trying to print but I'd rather not have to rewrite all of that to scale it down so it will print correctly at full size (when scaled up).

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  • jquery GET and POST confusion

    - by JPro
    Hi, I am not quiet sure how jquery works. I want to know few things about the GET and POST in terms of jQuery. I use the following code in my app : <script> function example_ajax_request() { $('#example-placeholder').html('<p>Loading results ... <img src="ajax-loader.gif" /></p>'); $('#example-placeholder').load("ind.php?show=" + $('#box option:selected').val()); } </script> I am not using either GET or POST in this method. I am using a button to call the example_ajax_request to process the request and get the results. Sometimes I see code like this: $.ajax({ url: 'loader.php', data: 'somedata', method: 'GET', success: function(data){ $('#er').text(data); } }); My doubt is, is it required or not that we use a method to post the data? (either GET or POST) while send and getting the data in PHP webapps? The code that I use first works fine even though I do not use any POST or GET methods. Any inputs? Thanks.

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  • python: nonblocking subprocess, check stdout

    - by Will Cavanagh
    Ok so the problem I'm trying to solve is this: I need to run a program with some flags set, check on its progress and report back to a server. So I need my script to avoid blocking while the program executes, but I also need to be able to read the output. Unfortunately, I don't think any of the methods available from Popen will read the output without blocking. I tried the following, which is a bit hack-y (are we allowed to read and write to the same file from two different objects?) import time import subprocess from subprocess import * with open("stdout.txt", "wb") as outf: with open("stderr.txt", "wb") as errf: command = ['Path\\To\\Program.exe', 'para', 'met', 'ers'] p = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=outf, stderr=errf) isdone = False while not isdone : with open("stdout.txt", "rb") as readoutf: #this feels wrong for line in readoutf: print(line) print("waiting...\\r\\n") if(p.poll() != None) : done = True time.sleep(1) output = p.communicate()[0] print(output) Unfortunately, Popen doesn't seem to write to my file until after the command terminates. Does anyone know of a way to do this? I'm not dedicated to using python, but I do need to send POST requests to a server in the same script, so python seemed like an easier choice than, say, shell scripting. Thanks! Will

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  • Entity Framework with ASP.NET MVC. Updating entity problem

    - by Kitaly
    Hi people. I'm trying to update an entity and its related entities as well. For instance, I have a class Car with a property Category and I want to change its Category. So, I have the following methods in the Controller: public ActionResult Edit(int id) { var categories = context.Categories.ToList(); ViewData["categories"] = new SelectList(categories, "Id", "Name"); var car = context.Cars.Where(c => c.Id == id).First(); return PartialView("Form", car); } [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Edit(Car car) { var category = context.Categories.Where(c => c.Id == car.Category.Id).First(); car.Category = category; context.UpdateCar(car); context.SaveChanges(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } The UpdateCar method, in ObjectContext class, follows: public void UpdateCar(Car car) { var attachedCar = Cars.Where(c => c.Id == car.Id).First(); ApplyItemUpdates(attachedCar, car); } private void ApplyItemUpdates(EntityObject originalItem, EntityObject updatedItem) { try { ApplyPropertyChanges(originalItem.EntityKey.EntitySetName, updatedItem); ApplyReferencePropertyChanges(updatedItem, originalItem); } catch (InvalidOperationException ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); } } public void ApplyReferencePropertyChanges(IEntityWithRelationships newEntity, IEntityWithRelationships oldEntity) { foreach (var relatedEnd in oldEntity.RelationshipManager.GetAllRelatedEnds()) { var oldRef = relatedEnd as EntityReference; if (oldRef != null) { var newRef = newEntity.RelationshipManager.GetRelatedEnd(oldRef.RelationshipName, oldRef.TargetRoleName) as EntityReference; oldRef.EntityKey = newRef.EntityKey; } } } The problem is that when I set the Category property after the POST in my controller, the entity state changes to Added instead of remaining as Detached. How can I update one-to-one relationship with Entity Framework and ASP.NET MVC without setting all the properties, one by one like this post?

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  • PRISM - Creating mouseoverbehavior causes a Silverlight library to not be visible in main Silverligh

    - by RHLopez
    Created a simple Silverlight 4 application (SimpleApp) then added a Silverlight 4 library (LibraryA). Added code to the library (LibraryA) to implement MouseOverBehavior by inheriting from CommandBaseBehavior along with the appropriate attached property class/methods. Added reference in SimpleApp to LibraryA and went to MainPage.xaml to add namespace reference but it does not show up with Intellisense. Typing the namespace manually and then adding the attached MouseOver command works as it should as far as intellisense showing my attached property name, i.e. ... commands:MouseOver.Command="{Binding MousedOver}". However when I try to run it I get a XAML parser error saying that the "Command" attached property does not exist in MouseOver. If I move my class definitions from LibraryA to SimpleApp then everything works. I removed everything from LibraryA and just put one class with this in it: public class MouseOverBehavior : CommandBehaviorBase<Control> { public MouseOverBehavior(Control element) : base(element) {} } With this simple class in LibraryA it will not show up in XAML intellisense in SimpleApp. XAML intellisense works with other libraries that I have written that don't use PRISM. Don't know what I am missing hopefully it's something simple. I am using the latest SL4 build for PRISM change set 42969. Visual Studio 2010 RTM Professional in Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit.

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  • Trouble parsing quotes with SAX parser (javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser) on Android API 1.5

    - by johnrock
    When using a SAX parser, parsing fails when there is a " in the node content. How can I resolve this? Do I need to convert all " characters? In other words, anytime I have a quote in a node: <node>characters in node containing "quotes"</node> That node gets butchered into multiple character arrays when the Handler is parsing it. Is this normal behaviour? Why should quotes cause such a problem? Here is the code I am using: import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.xml.sax.InputSource; import org.xml.sax.XMLReader; ... HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(GATEWAY_URL + "/"+ question.getId()); httpget.setHeader("User-Agent", PayloadService.userAgent); httpget.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xml"); HttpResponse response = PayloadService.getHttpclient().execute(httpget); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if(entity != null) { SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser(); XMLReader xr = sp.getXMLReader(); ConvoHandler convoHandler = new ConvoHandler(); xr.setContentHandler(convoHandler); xr.parse(new InputSource(entity.getContent())); entity.consumeContent(); messageList = convoHandler.getMessageList(); }

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  • Newbie question about controllers in ASP.Net MVC.

    - by Sergio Tapia
    I'm following a tutorial on creating the NerdDinner using ASP.Net MVC. However, I'm using Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate edition and there was only MVC2 to choose from. So I've following the tutorial so far, and everything is really clicking and being really well explained, until this little hitch. The guide is asking me to create new methods on a Controller file like so: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace NerdDinner.Controllers { public class DinnersController : Controller { public void Index(){ Response.Write("<h1>Coming Soon: Dinners</h1>"); } public void Details(int id) { Response.Write("<h1>Details DinnerID: " + id + "</h1>"); } } } However, when I created the Controllers file, Visual Studio created an Index method already, but it looks vastly different to what the tutorial shows. Maybe this is the new way to do things using MVC2? using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace NerdDinner.Controllers { public class DinnersController : Controller { // // GET: /Dinners/ public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } } } My question is, how can I reproduce the Details and Index method (they're in MVC) to the MVC2 way? Is this even relevant? Thank you!

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  • Understanding OOP Principles in passing around objects/values

    - by Hans
    I'm not quite grokking a couple of things in OOP and I'm going to use a fictional understanding of SO to see if I can get help understand. So, on this page we have a question. You can comment on the question. There are also answers. You can comment on the answers. Question - comment - comment - comment Answer -comment Answer -comment -comment -comment Answer -comment -comment So, I'm imagining a very high level understanding of this type of system (in PHP, not .Net as I am not yet familiar with .Net) would be like: $question = new Question; $question->load($this_question_id); // from the URL probably echo $question->getTitle(); To load the answers, I imagine it's something like this ("A"): $answers = new Answers; $answers->loadFromQuestion($question->getID()); // or $answers->loadFromQuestion($this_question_id); while($answer = $answers->getAnswer()) { echo $answer->showFormatted(); } Or, would you do ("B"): $answers->setQuestion($question); // inject the whole obj, so we have access to all the data and public methods in $question $answers->loadFromQuestion(); // the ID would be found via $this->question->getID() instead of from the argument passed in while($answer = $answers->getAnswer()) { echo $answer->showFormatted(); } I guess my problem is, I don't know when or if I should be passing in an entire object, and when I should just be passing in a value. Passing in the entire object gives me a lot of flexibility, but it's more memory and subject to change, I'd guess (like a property or method rename). If "A" style is better, why not just use a function? OOP seems pointless here. Thanks, Hans

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  • Get current timepoint from Totem application

    - by ??O?????
    I want to find the exact time where a media file is currently paused at (or playing) in a running Totem instance using D-Bus. To be precise, what I want is available from the Totem python console (if the plugin exists and is enabled) by the following command: >>> print totem_object.props.current_time 732616 which I understand is milliseconds. So far: I've never used D-Bus before, so I'm in the process of going through D-Bus and python-dbus documentation. I've also fired up D-Feet and found that the org.gnome.Totem bus name and the /Factory object I can use the org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties interface methods. I'm currently at this point: >>> import dbus >>> seb= dbus.SessionBus() >>> t= seb.get_object('org.gnome.Totem', '/Factory') >>> tif= dbus.Interface(t, 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties') >>> tif.GetAll('') dbus.Dictionary({}, signature=dbus.Signature('sv')) I can't find even a proper how-to, so any help will be greatly appreciated.

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  • How do I intiailize the vector I have defined in my header file?

    - by FrankTheTank
    I have the following in my Puzzle.h class Puzzle { private: vector<int> puzzle; public: Puzzle() : puzzle (16) {} bool isSolved(); void shuffle(vector<int>& ); }; and then my Puzzle.cpp looks like: Puzzle::Puzzle() { // Initialize the puzzle (0,1,2,3,...,14,15) for(int i = 0; i <= puzzle.size(); i++) { puzzle[i] = i; } } // ... other methods Am I using the initiailizer list wrong in my header file? I would like to define a vector of ints and initialize its size to that of 16. How should I do this? G++ Output: Puzzle.cpp:16: error: expected unqualified-id before ')' token Puzzle.cpp: In constructor `Puzzle::Puzzle()': Puzzle.cpp:16: error: expected `)' at end of input Puzzle.cpp:16: error: expected `{' at end of input Puzzle.cpp: At global scope: Puzzle.cpp:24: error: redefinition of `Puzzle::Puzzle()' Puzzle.cpp:16: error: `Puzzle::Puzzle()' previously defined here

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  • Memory leak at Autorelease pool in Iphone sdk

    - by monish
    Hi guys, I am getting leak at [pool release]; My code here is: #pragma mark UISearchBarDelegate delegate methods - (void)performSearch:(UISearchBar *)aSearchBar { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; artistName= [aSearchBar.text stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]]; if ([artistName length] > 0) { [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = YES; LyricsAppDelegate* appDelegate = (LyricsAppDelegate*) [ [UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; artistsList=[appDelegate doSearch:artistName ]; [theTableView reloadData]; [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO; [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO; [aSearchBar resignFirstResponder]; } else { [aSearchBar resignFirstResponder]; } [NSThread exit]; [pool release]; } - (void)searchBarSearchButtonClicked:(UISearchBar *)aSearchBar { @try { [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(performSearch:) toTarget:self withObject:aSearchBar]; [aSearchBar resignFirstResponder]; } @catch (NSException * e) { NSLog(@"\n caught an exception"); } @finally { } } Here I am getting leak at [pool release]; in performSearch method. How can I solve this. Anyone's help will be much appreciated. Thank you, Monish.

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  • Alternative Python standard library reference

    - by Ender
    I love Python; I absolutely despise its official documentation. Tutorials do not count as library references, but that appears to be what they're attempting. What I really want is the ability to find a class in the standard library and view documentation for all of its properties and methods. Actionscript, MSDN, and Java all do this just fine (although each with their odd quirks). Where is this for python? For example, I wanted to sort a list. mylist.sort(). Awesome. But what if I wanted it sorted in descending order? Official documentation is not - much - help. Or what if I wanted to specify a key function? That's also supported: mylist.sort(key=lamba item: item.customVar)- but documented...where? I understand that Python's approach to OOP may not be equivalent to Java et. al. Maybe list isn't actually a class - maybe it's just a function that returns an iterable when the tachyon beams are set to glorious and the unboxed hyper enumeration is quantized, but...I don't care. I just want to know how to sort lists. (Apologies for the angst - too much caffeine today)

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  • Ruby: add custom properties to built-in classes

    - by dreftymac
    Question: Using Ruby it is simple to add custom methods to existing classes, but how do you add custom properties? Here is an example of what I am trying to do: myarray = Array.new(); myarray.concat([1,2,3]); myarray._meta_ = Hash.new(); # obviously, this wont work myarray._meta_['createdby'] = 'dreftymac'; myarray._meta_['lastupdate'] = '1993-12-12'; ## desired result puts myarray._meta_['createdby']; #=> 'dreftymac' puts myarray.inspect() #=> [1,2,3] The goal is to construct the class definition in such a way that the stuff that does not work in the example above will work as expected. Update: (clarify question) One aspect that was left out of the original question: it is also a goal to add "default values" that would ordinarily be set-up in the initialize method of the class. Update: (why do this) Normally, it is very simple to just create a custom class that inherits from Array (or whatever built-in class you want to emulate). This question derives from some "testing-only" code and is not an attempt to ignore this generally acceptable approach.

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  • Ruby: add custom properties to built-in classes

    - by dreftymac
    Question: Using Ruby it is simple to add custom methods to existing classes, but how do you add custom properties? Here is an example of what I am trying to do: myarray = Array.new(); myarray.concat([1,2,3]); myarray._meta_ = Hash.new(); # obviously, this wont work myarray._meta_['createdby'] = 'dreftymac'; myarray._meta_['lastupdate'] = '1993-12-12'; ## desired result puts myarray._meta_['createdby']; #=> 'dreftymac' puts myarray.inspect() #=> [1,2,3] The goal is to construct the class definition in such a way that the stuff that does not work in the example above will work as expected. Update: (clarify question) One aspect that was left out of the original question: it is also a goal to add "default values" that would ordinarily be set-up in the initialize method of the class. Update: (why do this) Normally, it is very simple to just create a custom class that inherits from Array (or whatever built-in class you want to emulate). This question derives from some "testing-only" code and is not an attempt to ignore this generally acceptable approach.

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  • Why are all objects in this extension of usercontrol null at runtime?

    - by csciguy
    All, I have a simple class. public class Container : UserControl { public bool IsClickable { get; set; } } I have a class that extends this class. public class ScrollingContainer : Container { public void Draw() { } public void Update() { } } I have a custom class, that then extends ScrollingContainer. public partial class MaskContainer : ScrollingContainer { public MaskContainer() { InitializeComponent(); } } XAML <local:ScrollingContainer x:Class="Test.Types.MaskContainer" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:GameObjects;assembly=GameObjects" mc:Ignorable="d" > </local:ScrollingContainer> In my mainpage.xaml, I have the following. <types:MaskContainer x:Name="maskContainer" Canvas.ZIndex="1" Width="Auto" Height="Auto"> <Canvas x:Name="maskCanvas"> <Button x:Name="button1" Content="test button"/> </Canvas> </types:MaskContainer> Why, at runtime, are both maskCanvas and button1 null? maskContainer is not null. The inheritance should be straightforward here. Container inherits usercontrol. Scrollable container inherits container. Mask Container inherits scrollable container. Why am I losing the fucntionality of the original base class at this level? Is it incorrect to add the element (button1) to the maskcontainer inside of the main.xaml? My end goal is to create a container that is reusable, but inherits all properties/methods that I've specified throughout the chain. Any help is appreciated.

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  • Multi-level inheritance with Implements on properties in VB.NET vs C#

    - by Ben McCormack
    Let's say I have 2 interfaces defined like so: public interface ISkuItem { public string SKU { get; set; } } public interface ICartItem : ISkuItem { public int Quantity { get; set; } public bool IsDiscountable { get; set; } } When I go to implement the interface in C#, VS produces the following templated code: public class CartItem : ICartItem { #region ICartItem Members public int Quantity { get {...} set {...} } public bool IsDiscountable { get {...} set {...} } #endregion #region ISkuItem Members public string SKU { get {...} set {...} } #endregion } In VB.NET, the same class is built out like so: Public Class CartItem Implements ICartItem Public Property IsDiscountable As Boolean Implements ICartItem.IsDiscountable 'GET SET' End Property Public Property Quantity As Integer Implements ICartItem.Quantity 'GET SET' End Property Public Property SKU As String Implements ISkuItem.SKU 'GET SET' End Property End Class VB.NET explicitly requires you to add Implements IInterfaceName.PropertyName after each property that gets implemented whereas C# simply uses regions to indicate which properties and methods belong to the interface. Interestingly in VB.NET, on the SKU property, I can specify either Implements ISkuItem.SKU or Implements ICartItem.SKU. Although the template built by VS defaults to ISkuItem, I can also specify ICartItem if I want. Oddly, because C# only uses regions to block out inherited properties, it seems that I can't explicitly specify the implementing interface of SKU in C# like I can in VB.NET. My question is: Is there any importance behind being able to specify one interface or another to implement properites in VB.NET, and if so, is there a way to mimic this functionality in C#?

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  • Fluent NHibernate auto mapping: map property from another table's column

    - by queen3
    I'm trying to use S#arp architecture... which includes Fluent NHibernate I'm newbie with (and with NHibernate too, frankly speaking). Auto mapping is used. So I have this: public class UserAction : Entity { public UserAction() { } [DomainSignature] [NotNull, NotEmpty] public virtual string Name { get; set; } [NotNull, NotEmpty] public virtual string TypeName { get; private set; } } public class UserActionMap : IAutoMappingOverride<UserAction> { public void Override(AutoMap<UserAction> mapping) { mapping.WithTable("ProgramComponents", m => m.Map(x => x.TypeName)); } } Now, table UserActions references table ProgramComponents (many to one) and I want property UserAction.TypeName to have value from db field ProgramComponents.TypeName. However, the above code fails with NHibernate.MappingException: Duplicate property mapping of TypeName found in OrderEntry3.Core.UserAction As far as I understand the problem is that TypeName is already auto-mapped... but I haven't found a way to remove the automatic mapping. Actually I think that my WithTable/Map mapping has to replace the automatic TypeName mapping, but seems like it does not. I also tried different mapping (names are different but that's all the same): mapping.WithTable("ProgramComponents", m => m.References<ProgramComponent>( x => x.Selector, "ProductSelectorID" ) and still get the same error. I can overcome this with mapping.HasOne<ProgramComponent>(x => x.Selector); but that's not what I exactly wants to do. And I still wonder why the first two methods do not work. I suspect this is because of WithTable.

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