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  • Explicit Type Conversion and Multiple Simple Type Specifiers

    - by James McNellis
    To value initialize an object of type T, one would do something along the lines of one of the following: T x = T(); T x((T())); My question concerns types specified by a combination of simple type specifiers, e.g., unsigned int: unsigned int x = unsigned int(); unsigned int x((unsigned int())); Visual C++ 2008 and Intel C++ Compiler 11.1 accept both of these without warnings; Comeau 4.3.10.1b2 and g++ 3.4.5 (which is, admittedly, not particularly recent) do not. According to the C++ standard (C++03 5.2.3/2, expr.type.conv): The expression T(), where T is a simple-type-specifier (7.1.5.2) for a non-array complete object type or the (possibly cv-qualified) void type, creates an rvalue of the specified type, which is value-initialized 7.1.5.2 says, "the simple type specifiers are," and follows with a list that includes unsigned and int. Therefore, given that in 5.2.3/2, "simple-type-specifier" is singular, and unsigned and int are two type specifiers, are the examples above that use unsigned int invalid? (and, if so, the followup is, is it incorrect for Microsoft and Intel to support said expressions?) This question is more out of curiosity than anything else; for all of the types specified by a combination of multiple simple type specifiers, value initialization is equivalent to zero initialization. (This question was prompted by comments in response to this answer to a question about initialization).

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  • HTML2PDF Conversion.

    - by piemesons
    I downloaded these Project files for converting html to pdf. but when i am trying to run any example its giving me error: Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at C:\xampp\htdocs\html2pdf\html2pdf.class.php:960) in C:\xampp\htdocs\html2pdf\_tcpdf\tcpdf.php on line 5499 TCPDF ERROR: Some data has already been output to browser, can't send PDF file I am not able to figure this out. Can anybody help me.Its just a matter of 1 min work but i m so stupid that i am not to figure this one. Actually i am trying to do this

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  • How to do this in VB 2010 (C# to VB conversion)

    - by user203687
    I would like to have the following to be translated to VB 2010 (with advanced syntaxes) _domainContext.SubmitChanges( submitOperation => { _domainContext.Load<Customer>( _domainContext.GetCustomersQuery(), LoadBehavior.RefreshCurrent, loadOperation => { var results = _domainContext.Customers.Where( entity => !loadOperation.Entities.Contains(entity)).ToList(); results.ForEach( enitity => _domainContext.Customers.Detach(entity)); }, null); }, null); I managed to get the above with other ways (but not using anonymous methods). I would like to see all the advanced syntaxes available in VB 2010 to be applied to the above. Can anyone help me on this? thanks

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  • DateFormat conversion problem in java?

    - by androidbase Praveen
    my input String is : 2010-03-24T17:28:50.000Z output pattern is like: DateFormat formatter1 = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE. MMM. d. yyyy"); i convert this like this: formatter1.format(new Date("2010-03-24T17:28:50.000Z"));//illegalArgumentException here the string "2010-03-24T17:28:50.000Z" ouput should be like this: Thu. Mar. 24. 2010 idea but i get a illegalArgumentException. Dont know why? any idea?? stacktrace message is: 04-08 19:50:28.326: WARN/System.err(306): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException 04-08 19:50:28.345: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.Date.parse(Date.java:447) 04-08 19:50:28.355: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.Date.<init>(Date.java:157) 04-08 19:50:28.366: WARN/System.err(306): at com.example.brown.Bru_Tube$SelectDataTask.doInBackground(Bru_Tube.java:222) 04-08 19:50:28.366: WARN/System.err(306): at com.example.brown.Bru_Tube$SelectDataTask.doInBackground(Bru_Tube.java:1) 04-08 19:50:28.405: WARN/System.err(306): at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:185) 04-08 19:50:28.415: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:305) 04-08 19:50:28.415: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:137) 04-08 19:50:28.446: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1068) 04-08 19:50:28.456: WARN/System.err(306): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:561) 04-08 19:50:28.466: WARN/System.err(306): at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1096)

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  • Dynamic Code for type casting Generic Types 'generically' in C#

    - by Rick Strahl
    C# is a strongly typed language and while that's a fundamental feature of the language there are more and more situations where dynamic types make a lot of sense. I've written quite a bit about how I use dynamic for creating new type extensions: Dynamic Types and DynamicObject References in C# Creating a dynamic, extensible C# Expando Object Creating a dynamic DataReader for dynamic Property Access Today I want to point out an example of a much simpler usage for dynamic that I use occasionally to get around potential static typing issues in C# code especially those concerning generic types. TypeCasting Generics Generic types have been around since .NET 2.0 I've run into a number of situations in the past - especially with generic types that don't implement specific interfaces that can be cast to - where I've been unable to properly cast an object when it's passed to a method or assigned to a property. Granted often this can be a sign of bad design, but in at least some situations the code that needs to be integrated is not under my control so I have to make due with what's available or the parent object is too complex or intermingled to be easily refactored to a new usage scenario. Here's an example that I ran into in my own RazorHosting library - so I have really no excuse, but I also don't see another clean way around it in this case. A Generic Example Imagine I've implemented a generic type like this: public class RazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> where TBaseTemplateType : RazorTemplateBase, new() You can now happily instantiate new generic versions of this type with custom template bases or even a non-generic version which is implemented like this: public class RazorEngine : RazorEngine<RazorTemplateBase> { public RazorEngine() : base() { } } To instantiate one: var engine = new RazorEngine<MyCustomRazorTemplate>(); Now imagine that the template class receives a reference to the engine when it's instantiated. This code is fired as part of the Engine pipeline when it gets ready to execute the template. It instantiates the template and assigns itself to the template: var template = new TBaseTemplateType() { Engine = this } The problem here is that possibly many variations of RazorEngine<T> can be passed. I can have RazorTemplateBase, RazorFolderHostTemplateBase, CustomRazorTemplateBase etc. as generic parameters and the Engine property has to reflect that somehow. So, how would I cast that? My first inclination was to use an interface on the engine class and then cast to the interface.  Generally that works, but unfortunately here the engine class is generic and has a few members that require the template type in the member signatures. So while I certainly can implement an interface: public interface IRazorEngine<TBaseTemplateType> it doesn't really help for passing this generically templated object to the template class - I still can't cast it if multiple differently typed versions of the generic type could be passed. I have the exact same issue in that I can't specify a 'generic' generic parameter, since there's no underlying base type that's common. In light of this I decided on using object and the following syntax for the property (and the same would be true for a method parameter): public class RazorTemplateBase :MarshalByRefObject,IDisposable { public object Engine {get;set; } } Now because the Engine property is a non-typed object, when I need to do something with this value, I still have no way to cast it explicitly. What I really would need is: public RazorEngine<> Engine { get; set; } but that's not possible. Dynamic to the Rescue Luckily with the dynamic type this sort of thing can be mitigated fairly easily. For example here's a method that uses the Engine property and uses the well known class interface by simply casting the plain object reference to dynamic and then firing away on the properties and methods of the base template class that are common to all templates:/// <summary> /// Allows rendering a dynamic template from a string template /// passing in a model. This is like rendering a partial /// but providing the input as a /// </summary> public virtual string RenderTemplate(string template,object model) { if (template == null) return string.Empty; // if there's no template markup if(!template.Contains("@")) return template; // use dynamic to get around generic type casting dynamic engine = Engine; string result = engine.RenderTemplate(template, model); if (result == null) throw new ApplicationException("RenderTemplate failed: " + engine.ErrorMessage); return result; } Prior to .NET 4.0  I would have had to use Reflection for this sort of thing which would have a been a heck of a lot more verbose, but dynamic makes this so much easier and cleaner and in this case at least the overhead is negliable since it's a single dynamic operation on an otherwise very complex operation call. Dynamic as  a Bailout Sometimes this sort of thing often reeks of a design flaw, and I agree that in hindsight this could have been designed differently. But as is often the case this particular scenario wasn't planned for originally and removing the generic signatures from the base type would break a ton of other code in the framework. Given the existing fairly complex engine design, refactoring an interface to remove generic types just to make this particular code work would have been overkill. Instead dynamic provides a nice and simple and relatively clean solution. Now if there were many other places where this occurs I would probably consider reworking the code to make this cleaner but given this isolated instance and relatively low profile operation use of dynamic seems a valid choice for me. This solution really works anywhere where you might end up with an inheritance structure that doesn't have a common base or interface that is sufficient. In the example above I know what I'm getting but there's no common base type that I can cast to. All that said, it's a good idea to think about use of dynamic before you rush in. In many situations there are alternatives that can still work with static typing. Dynamic definitely has some overhead compared to direct static access of objects, so if possible we should definitely stick to static typing. In the example above the application already uses dynamics extensively for dynamic page page templating and passing models around so introducing dynamics here has very little additional overhead. The operation itself also fires of a fairly resource heavy operation where the overhead of a couple of dynamic member accesses are not a performance issue. So, what's your experience with dynamic as a bailout mechanism? © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in CSharp   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • WMD markdown editor - HTML to Markdown conversion

    - by gg1
    I am using wmd markdown editor on a project and had a question: When I post the form containing the markdown text area, it (as expected) posts html to the server. However, say upon server-side validation something fails and I need to send the user back to edit their entry, is there anyway to refill the textarea with just the markdown and not the html? Since as I have it set up, the server only has access to the post data (which is in the form of html) so I can't seem to think of a way to do this. Any ideas? Preferably a non-javascript based solution. Update: I found an html to markdown converter called markdownify. I guess this might be the best solution for displaying the markdown back to the user...any better alternatives are welcome! Update 2: I found this post on SO and I guess there is an option to send the data to the server as markdown instead of html. Are there any downsides to simply storing the data as markdown in the database? What about displaying it back to the user (outside of an editor)? Maybe it would be best to post both versions (html AND markdown) to the server... SOLVED: I can simply use php markdown to convert the markdown to html serverside.

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  • Visitor pattern and compiler code generation, how to get children attributes?

    - by LeleDumbo
    I'd like to modify my compiler's code generator to use visitor pattern since the current approach must use multiple conditional statement to check the real type of a child before generating the corresponding code. However, I have problems to get children attributes after they're visited. For instance, in binary expression I use this: LHSCode := GenerateExpressionCode(LHSNode); RHSCode := GenerateExpressionCode(RHSNode); CreateBinaryExpression(Self,LHS,RHS); In visitor pattern the visit method is usually void, so I can't get the expression code from LHS and RHS. Keeping shared global variables isn't an option since expression code generation is recursive thus could erase previous values kept in the variables. I'll just show the binary expression as this is the most complicated part (for now): function TLLVMCodeGenerator.GenerateExpressionCode( Expr: TASTExpression): TLLVMValue; var BinExpr: TASTBinaryExpression; UnExpr: TASTUnaryExpression; LHSCode, RHSCode, ExprCode: TLLVMValue; VarExpr: TASTVariableExpression; begin if Expr is TASTBinaryExpression then begin BinExpr := Expr as TASTBinaryExpression; LHSCode := GenerateExpressionCode(BinExpr.LHS); RHSCode := GenerateExpressionCode(BinExpr.RHS); case BinExpr.Op of '<': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccSLT, LHSCode, RHSCode); '<=': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccSLE, LHSCode, RHSCode); '>': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccSGT, LHSCode, RHSCode); '>=': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccSGE, LHSCode, RHSCode); '==': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccEQ, LHSCode, RHSCode); '<>': Result := FBuilder.CreateICmp(ccNE, LHSCode, RHSCode); '/\': Result := FBuilder.CreateAnd(LHSCode, RHSCode); '\/': Result := FBuilder.CreateOr(LHSCode, RHSCode); '+': Result := FBuilder.CreateAdd(LHSCode, RHSCode); '-': Result := FBuilder.CreateSub(LHSCode, RHSCode); '*': Result := FBuilder.CreateMul(LHSCode, RHSCode); '/': Result := FBuilder.CreateSDiv(LHSCode, RHSCode); end; end else if Expr is TASTPrimaryExpression then if Expr is TASTBooleanConstant then with Expr as TASTBooleanConstant do Result := FBuilder.CreateConstant(Ord(Value), ltI1) else if Expr is TASTIntegerConstant then with Expr as TASTIntegerConstant do Result := FBuilder.CreateConstant(Value, ltI32) else if Expr is TASTUnaryExpression then begin UnExpr := Expr as TASTUnaryExpression; ExprCode := GenerateExpressionCode(UnExpr.Expr); case UnExpr.Op of '~': Result := FBuilder.CreateXor( FBuilder.CreateConstant(1, ltI1), ExprCode); '-': Result := FBuilder.CreateSub( FBuilder.CreateConstant(0, ltI32), ExprCode); end; end else if Expr is TASTVariableExpression then begin VarExpr := Expr as TASTVariableExpression; with VarExpr.VarDecl do Result := FBuilder.CreateVar(Ident, BaseTypeLLVMTypeMap[BaseType]); end; end; Hope you understand it :)

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  • Batch file conversion to vbscript

    - by blademasterson
    I need to convert a batch file to vbscript but am unfamiliar with both. If I can understand what is going on in the batch file I can work out the vbscript easy enough. Problem is the batch file runs a few cscript commands which is supposed to have a syntax of cscript [script name] [host options] [script arguments] However whomever wrote the batch file doesn't use it in a standard manner so if someone could explain the use of the command I can work out the rest. Sample line: Filename and actual url's removed for safety sake cscript file.vbs -a -r url -h url -o raw

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  • Slides and code for MPI Cluster Debugger

    I've blogged before about the MPI Cluster Debugger in VS2010 that facilitates launching the application on the cluster and attaching the debugger (btw, a shorter version of the screencast I link to there, is here).There have been requests for the code I use in the screencast, so please find a ZIP with that code.There have also been requests for a PowerPoint deck to use when showing this feature to others. Feel free to download some slides I threw together the other day. Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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  • How do I (tactfully) tell my project manager or lead developer that the project's codebase needs serious work?

    - by Adam Maras
    I just joined a (relatively) small development team that's been working on a project for several months, if not a year. As with most developer joining a project, I spent my first couple of days reviewing the project's codebase. The project (a medium- to large-sized ASP.NET WebForms internal line of business application) is, for lack of a more descriptive term, a disaster. There are three immediately noticeable problems with the coding standards: The standard is very loose. It describes more of what not to do (don't use Hungarian notation, etc..) than what to do. The standard isn't always followed. There are inconsistencies with the code formatting everywhere. The standard doesn't follow Microsoft's style guidelines. In my opinion, there's no value in deviating from the guidelines that were set forth by the developer of the framework and the largest contributor to the language specification. As for point 3, perhaps it bothers me more because I've taken the time to get my MCPD with a focus on web applications (specifically, ASP.NET). I'm also the only Microsoft Certified Professional on the team. Because of what I learned in all of my schooling, self-teaching, and on-the-job learning (including my preparation for the certification exams) I've also spotted several instances in the project's code where things are simply not done in the best way. I've only been on this team for a week, but I see so many issues with their codebase that I imagine I'll be spending more time fighting with what's already written to do things in "their way" than I would if I were working on a project that, for example, followed more widely accepted coding standards, architecture patterns, and best practices. This brings me to my question: Should I (and if so, how do I) propose to my project manager and team lead that the project needs to be majorly renovated? I don't want to walk into their office, waving my MCTS and MCPD certificates around, saying that their project's codebase is crap. But I also don't want to have to stay silent and have to write kludgey code atop their kludgey code, because I actually want to write quality software and I want the end product to be stable and easily maintainable.

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  • Philly.NET Code Camp

    - by Steve Michelotti
    This Saturday I will be at the Philly.NET Code Camp presenting C# 4.0.  The code camp is currently registered to capacity (800 attendees) but you will be able to view certain presentations on a Live Meeting simulcast (and later on Channel 9).  You can tune it at 3:30PM Eastern time to view my presentation. The attendee URL is here.

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  • 4th Annual Hartford Code Camp - The Code Camp Manifesto lives on!

    - by SB Chatterjee
    It is amazing that Thom Robbins' blog posting back in December 2004 laid the foundation of the Code Camps that have grown world-wide - there is at least one every week-end in some country (unscientific tweets stats sampling). This week end, we at the Connecticut .NET Developers Group had the 4th Annual Hartford Code Camp and it was well attended with 120+ attendees with ~30 sessions. Our thanks to the Speakers from near and far who made our event a success.

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  • My Code Kata–A Solution Kata

    - by Glav
    There are many developers and coders out there who like to do code Kata’s to keep their coding ability up to scratch and to practice their skills. I think it is a good idea. While I like the concept, I find them dead boring and of minimal purpose. Yes, they serve to hone your skills but that’s about it. They are often quite abstract, in that they usually focus on a small problem set requiring specific solutions. It is fair enough as that is how they are designed but again, I find them quite boring. What I personally like to do is go for something a little larger and a little more fun. It takes a little more time and is not as easily executed as a kata though, but it services the same purposes from a practice perspective and allows me to continue to solve some problems that are not directly part of the initial goal. This means I can cover a broader learning range and have a bit more fun. If I am lucky, sometimes they even end up being useful tools. With that in mind, I thought I’d share my current ‘kata’. It is not really a code kata as it is too big. I prefer to think of it as a ‘solution kata’. The code is on bitbucket here. What I wanted to do was create a kind of simplistic virtual world where I can create a player, or a class, stuff it into the world, and see if it survives, and can navigate its way to the exit. Requirements were pretty simple: Must be able to define a map to describe the world using simple X,Y co-ordinates. Z co-ordinates as well if you feel like getting clever. Should have the concept of entrances, exists, solid blocks, and potentially other materials (again if you want to get clever). A coder should be able to easily write a class which will act as an inhabitant of the world. An inhabitant will receive stimulus from the world in the form of surrounding environment and be able to make a decision on action which it passes back to the ‘world’ for processing. At a minimum, an inhabitant will have sight and speed characteristics which determine how far they can ‘see’ in the world, and how fast they can move. Coders who write a really bad ‘inhabitant’ should not adversely affect the rest of world. Should allow multiple inhabitants in the world. So that was the solution I set out to act as a practice solution and a little bit of fun. It had some interesting problems to solve and I figured, if it turned out ok, I could potentially use this as a ‘developer test’ for interviews. Ask a potential coder to write a class for an inhabitant. Show the coder the map they will navigate, but also mention that we will use their code to navigate a map they have not yet seen and a little more complex. I have been playing with solution for a short time now and have it working in basic concepts. Below is a screen shot using a very basic console visualiser that shows the map, boundaries, blocks, entrance, exit and players/inhabitants. The yellow asterisks ‘*’ are the players, green ‘O’ the entrance, purple ‘^’ the exit, maroon/browny ‘#’ are solid blocks. The players can move around at different speeds, knock into each others, and make directional movement decisions based on what they see and who is around them. It has been quite fun to write and it is also quite fun to develop different players to inject into the world. The code below shows a really simple implementation of an inhabitant that can work out what to do based on stimulus from the world. It is pretty simple and just tries to move in some direction if there is nothing blocking the path. public class TestPlayer:LivingEntity { public TestPlayer() { Name = "Beta Boy"; LifeKey = Guid.NewGuid(); } public override ActionResult DecideActionToPerform(EcoDev.Core.Common.Actions.ActionContext actionContext) { try { var action = new MovementAction(); // move forward if we can if (actionContext.Position.ForwardFacingPositions.Length > 0) { if (CheckAccessibilityOfMapBlock(actionContext.Position.ForwardFacingPositions[0])) { action.DirectionToMove = MovementDirection.Forward; return action; } } if (actionContext.Position.LeftFacingPositions.Length > 0) { if (CheckAccessibilityOfMapBlock(actionContext.Position.LeftFacingPositions[0])) { action.DirectionToMove = MovementDirection.Left; return action; } } if (actionContext.Position.RearFacingPositions.Length > 0) { if (CheckAccessibilityOfMapBlock(actionContext.Position.RearFacingPositions[0])) { action.DirectionToMove = MovementDirection.Back; return action; } } if (actionContext.Position.RightFacingPositions.Length > 0) { if (CheckAccessibilityOfMapBlock(actionContext.Position.RightFacingPositions[0])) { action.DirectionToMove = MovementDirection.Right; return action; } } return action; } catch (Exception ex) { World.WriteDebugInformation("Player: "+ Name, string.Format("Player Generated exception: {0}",ex.Message)); throw ex; } } private bool CheckAccessibilityOfMapBlock(MapBlock block) { if (block == null || block.Accessibility == MapBlockAccessibility.AllowEntry || block.Accessibility == MapBlockAccessibility.AllowExit || block.Accessibility == MapBlockAccessibility.AllowPotentialEntry) { return true; } return false; } } It is simple and it seems to work well. The world implementation itself decides the stimulus context that is passed to he inhabitant to make an action decision. All movement is carried out on separate threads and timed appropriately to be as fair as possible and to cater for additional skills such as speed, and eventually maybe stamina, strength, with actions like fighting. It is pretty fun to make up random maps and see how your inhabitant does. You can download the code from here. Along the way I have played with parallel extensions to make the compute intensive stuff spread across all cores, had to heavily factor in visibility of methods and properties so design of classes was paramount, work out movement algorithms that play fairly in the world and properly favour the players with higher abilities, as well as a host of other issues. So that is my ‘solution kata’. If I keep going with it, I may develop a web interface for it where people can upload assemblies and watch their player within a web browser visualiser and maybe even a map designer. What do you do to keep the fires burning?

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  • Audio Conversion C#

    - by Will
    What is the best way to convert various audio formats to PCM? For example: mp3, evrc, ogg vox. Is there a library out there that will allow me to implement this relatively easily? EDIT: I guess my initial question wasn't really what I needed. Most of the libs I have found are file converters. What I need is a block converter, where I pass in a 1Kb block of vox data and it returns its converted PCM block. Of course I’ll have to tell the converter what type of data it is and various pieces of codec information. The solution I am going for is to save and VOIP formats into a common wav format and to play that conformed file in real time. I thought there should be an easy way to do this because all audio is eventually turned into PCM before it is outputted anyways.

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  • More Chicago Code Camp Information

    - by Tim Murphy
    It seems the guys have posted the venue.  The Chicago Code Camp will be held at the Illinois Institute of Technology on May 1, 2010.  Sign up and join in. IIT- Stuart Building 10 West 31st Chicago, IL 60616   del.icio.us Tags: Chicago Code Camp

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  • Client side html markdown conversion

    - by DNN
    Hello, I've been trying to create a client side editor which allows the end user to create content in html or markdown. The user has two tabs for switching between the two. I managed to find some javascript that converts markdown to html, so if a user has been writing markdown and switches to the html tab, the html equivilant is shown. I haven't been able to find a javascript that converts html to markdown, only a python script. The python script is obviously server side. The tabs are just hyperlinks with script in there. Is there any way I can convert the markdown html when the user clicks the tab? The system has been created in python/django for reference Thanks

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  • Structuring multi-threaded programs

    - by davidk01
    Are there any canonical sources for learning how to structure multi-threaded programs? Even with all the concurrency utility classes that Java provides I'm having a hard time properly structuring multi-threaded programs. Whenever threads are involved my code becomes very brittle, any little change can potentially break the program because the code that jumps back and forth between the threads tends to be very convoluted.

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  • ereg to preg conversion

    - by musoNic80
    I'm a complete novice when it comes to regex. Could someone help me convert the following expression to preg? ereg('[a-zA-Z0-9]+[[:punct:]]+', $password) An explanation to accompany any solution would be especially useful!!!!

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  • Separating physics and game logic from UI code

    - by futlib
    I'm working on a simple block-based puzzle game. The game play consists pretty much of moving blocks around in the game area, so it's a trivial physics simulation. My implementation, however, is in my opinion far from ideal and I'm wondering if you can give me any pointers on how to do it better. I've split the code up into two areas: Game logic and UI, as I did with a lot of puzzle games: The game logic is responsible for the general rules of the game (e.g. the formal rule system in chess) The UI displays the game area and pieces (e.g. chess board and pieces) and is responsible for animations (e.g. animated movement of chess pieces) The game logic represents the game state as a logical grid, where each unit is one cell's width/height on the grid. So for a grid of width 6, you can move a block of width 2 four times until it collides with the boundary. The UI takes this grid, and draws it by converting logical sizes into pixel sizes (that is, multiplies it by a constant). However, since the game has hardly any game logic, my game logic layer [1] doesn't have much to do except collision detection. Here's how it works: Player starts to drag a piece UI asks game logic for the legal movement area of that piece and lets the player drag it within that area Player lets go of a piece UI snaps the piece to the grid (so that it is at a valid logical position) UI tells game logic the new logical position (via mutator methods, which I'd rather avoid) I'm not quite happy with that: I'm writing unit tests for my game logic layer, but not the UI, and it turned out all the tricky code is in the UI: Stopping the piece from colliding with others or the boundary and snapping it to the grid. I don't like the fact that the UI tells the game logic about the new state, I would rather have it call a movePieceLeft() method or something like that, as in my other games, but I didn't get far with that approach, because the game logic knows nothing about the dragging and snapping that's possible in the UI. I think the best thing to do would be to get rid of my game logic layer and implement a physics layer instead. I've got a few questions regarding that: Is such a physics layer common, or is it more typical to have the game logic layer do this? Would the snapping to grid and piece dragging code belong to the UI or the physics layer? Would such a physics layer typically work with pixel sizes or with some kind of logical unit, like my game logic layer? I've seen event-based collision detection in a game's code base once, that is, the player would just drag the piece, the UI would render that obediently and notify the physics system, and the physics system would call a onCollision() method on the piece once a collision is detected. What is more common? This approach or asking for the legal movement area first? [1] layer is probably not the right word for what I mean, but subsystem sounds overblown and class is misguiding, because each layer can consist of several classes.

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  • What's the best book for coding conventions?

    - by Joschua
    What's the best book about coding conventions (and perhaps design patterns), that you highly recommend (at best code samples in Python, C++ or Java)? It would be good, if the book (or just another) also covers the topics project management and agile software development if appropriate (for example how projects fail through spaghetti code). I will accept the answer with the book(s) (maximum two books per answer, please), that looks the most interesting, because the reading might take a while :)

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  • Ruby/Rails Audio Conversion Plugins?

    - by coneybeare
    I am looking for a good gem/plugin to convert user-uploaded audio files to different formats. One format in particular that I am interested in is converting to Apple .caf with ima4 compression for inclusion in an iPhone app. I have been using afconvert on my mac for this so far, but I need to do it on my linux box, server-side. Ideally, I would be able to work into paperclip. As an additional solution, ffmpeg could work, but I have not seen any .caf options for it. Anybody know of one?

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