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  • Why is chunk size often a power of two?

    - by danijar
    There are many Minecraft clones out there and I am working on my own implementation. A principle of terrain rendering is tiling the whole world in fixed size chunks to reduce the effort of localized changes. In Minecraft the chunk size is 16 x 16 x 256 as far as I now. And in clones I also always saw chunk sizes of a power of the number 2. Is there any reason for that, maybe performance or memory related? I know that powers of 2 play a special role in binary computers but what has that to do with the chunk size?

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  • What is an acceptable GC frequency for a SlimDX/Windows/.NET game?

    - by Rei Miyasaka
    I understand that the Windows GC is much better than the Xbox/WP7 GC, being that it's generational and multithreaded -- so I don't need to worry quite as much about avoiding memory allocation. SlimDX even has some unavoidable functions that generate some amount of garbage (specifically, MapSubresource creates DataBoxes), yet people don't seem to be too upset about it. I'd like to use some functional paradigms to write my code too, which also means creating objects like closures and monads. I know premature optimization isn't a good thing, but are there rules of thumb or metrics that I can follow to know whether I need to cut down on allocations? Is, say, one gen 0 GC per frame too much? One thing that has me stumped is object promotions. Gen 0 GCs will supposedly finish within a millisecond or two, but if I'm understanding correctly, it's the gen 1 and 2 promotions that start to hurt. I'm not too sure how I can predict/prevent these.

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  • Ubuntu gets slower by the day

    - by Doug
    Ive noticed that Ubuntu has been getting slower and slower to boot, launch programs, etc. I installed 12.04 about 4 months ago,now 12.10, running on a quad-core Q8300 Intel, 4GB Ram, and an 80GB WD IDE drive. For some reason (ever since 11.04), Ive noticed after installation, the speed is good. The longer I have the OS installed, every bootup gets slower and slower, launching programs get slower, frame rates change radically(onboard GF9400 gets anywhere from 60fps down to 12 in worst cases). I would think maybe the HD is the issue, however I installed 11.10 on a 160GB SATA, and the same thing occurred. Looking at system resources, I'm holding steady at 1GB memory usage (I have 4GB, but it's actually showing 3.6GB, dunno why), no swap usage, and using right around 4% on cpu currently. HD capacity is only 28% used. Has anyone else ran into this issue? I love Ubuntu to death, but using other distros other than Ubuntu, I dont have this problem.

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  • PAE on Ubuntu 12.04

    - by JamesStewy
    I am having trouble using PAE on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 32bit. I recently upgraded from 4 to 8gb of RAM but PAE doesn't appear to have picked this up. When I run "grep --color=always -i PAE /proc/cpuinfo" I get pae in the list. When I run "dmidecode | grep Size | grep MB" Installed Size is 3825 but the Maximum Total Memory Size: 8192 MB. When I check the BIOS it says there is 8192 MB available and the computer fully supports I have followed everything I can find on the internet (including this https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnablingPAE) and nothing is working. My Computer is a Toshiba Portege m750. It has an Intel Centrino Core 2 Duo processor. Bought in 2009 Thanks, JamesStewy

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  • HW resources for the device driver [closed]

    - by VladimirLenin
    Need to provide memory and IRQ resources to the Linux kernel in order to bring up the CAN controller. Have no idea how to get them. Below is the structure I need to fill in. This structure I have taken for example, this is for the Run-Time Clock, but I need for CAN controller. Both are on the same board, and there are constants for RT Clock (and all other devices), but not for my CAN chip. When looking at the subject chip driver's code (sp_probe() function), I see it needs the same type resources. struct resource tegra_rtc_resources[] = { [0] = { .start = ???, .end = ???, .flags = IORESOURCE_MEM, }, [1] = { .start = ???, .end = ???, .flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ, }, };

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  • Can I copy large files faster without using the file cache?

    - by Veazer
    After adding the preload package, my applications seem to speed up but if I copy a large file, the file cache grows by more than double the size of the file. By transferring a single 3-4 GB virtualbox image or video file to an external drive, this huge cache seems to remove all the preloaded applications from memory, leading to increased load times and general performance drops. Is there a way to copy large, multi-gigabyte files without caching them (i.e. bypassing the file cache)? Or a way to whitelist or blacklist specific folders from being cached?

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  • ubuntu freezes daily

    - by alme1304
    I have been using ubuntu daily for about 2 weeks now. I really like it but I have noticed that it freezes daily when I have things like chromium and firefox open or when I start watching videos. I realize these might be memory intensive apps/actions but I doubt that with my comps specs they would cause it to freeze. When I installed ubuntu, I remember that it warned me about installing it in a ext2 partition and not in a ext4 one. Could that be the issue? and is there a way to fix it without reinstalling? edit: specs are, 1.9gb ram & Intel® Core™2 CPU 6400 @ 2.13GHz × 2; ubuntu 12.04x64

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  • Most efficient way to send images across processes

    - by Heinrich Ulbricht
    Goal Pass images generated by one process efficiently and at very high speed to another process. The two processes run on the same machine and on the same desktop. The operating system may be WinXP, Vista and Win7. Detailled description The first process is solely for controlling the communication with a device which produces the images. These images are about 500x300px in size and may be updated up to several hundred times per second. The second process needs these images to display them. The first process uses a third party API to paint the images from the device to a HDC. This HDC has to be provided by me. Note: There is already a connection open between the two processes. They are communicating via anonymous pipes and share memory mapped file views. Thoughts How would I achieve this goal with as little work as possible? And I mean both work for me and the computer. I am using Delphi, so maybe there is some component available for doing this? I think I could always paint to any image component's HDC, save the content to memory stream, copy the contents via the memory mapped file, unpack it on the other side and paint it there to the destination HDC. I also read about a IPicture interface which can be used to marshall images. What are your ideas? I appreciate every thought on this!

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  • Efficient algorithm for finding largest eigenpair of small general complex matrix

    - by mklassen
    I am looking for an efficient algorithm to find the largest eigenpair of a small, general (non-square, non-sparse, non-symmetric), complex matrix, A, of size m x n. By small I mean m and n is typically between 4 and 64 and usually around 16, but with m not equal to n. This problem is straight forward to solve with the general LAPACK SVD algorithms, i.e. gesvd or gesdd. However, as I am solving millions of these problems and only require the largest eigenpair, I am looking for a more efficient algorithm. Additionally, in my application the eigenvectors will generally be similar for all cases. This lead me to investigate Arnoldi iteration based methods, but I have neither found a good library nor algorithm that applies to my small general complex matrix. Is there an appropriate algorithm and/or library?

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  • Memory issue regarding UIImageView on IPhone 4.0 / IPad

    - by Sagar Mane
    Hello All, My Application is crashing due to low memory [ Received memory warning level 1 + 2] To trace this I have used Instrument and come with following points Test Enviorment : Single view controller added on Window When I don't use UIImageView Real Memory is used 3.66 MB When I uses UIImageView with Image having size 25 KB : Real Memory is used 4.24 MB. almost 560 KB extra when compare to w/o UIImageView and which keep on adding as I am adding more UIImageview on the view. below is sample code for adding UIImageview which I am refering UIImageView* iSplashImage = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Default-Landscape.png"]]; iSplashImage.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480); [self.window addSubview:iSplashImage]; AND dealloc if(iSplashImage) { [iSplashImage release]; iSplashImage = nil; } Issue is this 560 KB is not getting release and after some time application receives low memory warning. Can anyone point out if I am missing something or doing else. As My application uses lots of Images in One session. Thanks in Advance, Sagar

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  • Problem with Efficient Gridview paging without datasource control

    - by Ronnie Overby
    I am trying to do efficient paging with a gridview without using a datasource control. By efficient, I mean I only retrieve the records that I intend to show. I am trying to use the PagerTemplate to build my pager functionality. In short, the problem is that if I bind only the records that I intend to show on the current page, the gridview doesn't render its pager template, so I don't get the paging controls. It's almost as if I MUST bind more records than I intend to show on a given page, which is not something I want to do.

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  • Efficient way to calculate byte length of a character, depending on the encoding

    - by BalusC
    What's the most efficient way to calculate the byte length of a character, taking the character encoding into account? In UTF-8 for example the characters have a variable byte length, so each character needs to be determined individually. As far now I've come up with this: char c = getItSomehow(); String encoding = "UTF-8"; int length = new String(new char[] { c }).getBytes(encoding).length; But this is clumsy and inefficient in a loop since a new String needs to be created everytime. I can't find other and more efficient ways in the Java API. I imagine that this can be done with bitwise operations like bit shifting, but that's my weak point and I'm unsure how to take the encoding into account here :) If you question the need for this, check this topic.

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  • What is the most efficient Java Collections library?

    - by dehmann
    What is the most efficient Java Collections library? A few years ago, I did a lot of Java and had the impression back then that trove is the best (most efficient) Java Collections implementation. But when I read the answers to the question "Most useful free Java libraries?" I noticed that trove is hardly mentioned. So which Java Collections library is best now? UPDATE: To clarify, I mostly want to know what library to use when I have to store millions of entries in a hash table etc. (need a small runtime and memory footprint).

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  • An efficient code to determine if a set is a subset of another set

    - by Edward
    I am looking for an efficient way to determine if a set is a subset of another set in Matlab or Mathematica. Example: Set A = [1 2 3 4] Set B = [4 3] Set C = [3 4 1] Set D = [4 3 2 1] The output should be: Set A Sets B and C belong to set A because A contains all of their elements, therefore, they can be deleted (the order of elements in a set doesn't matter). Set D has the same elements as set A and since set A precedes set D, I would like to simply keep set A and delete set D. So there are two essential rules: 1. Delete a set if it is a subset of another set 2. Delete a set if its elements are the same as those of a preceding set My Matlab code is not very efficient at doing this - it mostly consists of nested loops. Suggestions are very welcome! Additional explanation: the issue is that with a large number of sets there will be a very large number of pairwise comparisons.

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  • Efficient way to ASCII encode UTF-8

    - by Andreas Gohr
    I'm looking for a simple and efficient way to store UTF-8 strings in ASCII-7. With efficient I mean the following: all ASCII chars in the input should stay ASCII chars in the output the resulting string should be as short as possible the operation needs to be reversable without any data loss there should be no restriction on the input length the whole UTF-8 range should be allowed My first idea was to use Punycode (IDNA) as it fits the first three requirements, but it fails at the last two. Can anyone recommend an alternative encoding scheme? Even better if there's some code available to look at.

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  • Perl, efficient parsing of csv file

    - by Mike
    I'm working on a project that involves parsing a large csv formatted file in Perl and am looking to make things more efficient. My approach has been to split() the file by lines first, and then split() each line again by commas to get the fields. But this suboptimal since at least two passes on the data are required. (once to split by lines, then once again for each line). This is a very large file, so cutting processing in half would be a significant improvement to the entire application. My question is, what is the most time efficient means of parsing a large CSV file using only built in tools? note: Each line has a varying number of tokens, so we can't just ignore lines and split by commas only. Also we can assume fields will contain only alphanumeric ascii data (no special characters or other tricks). Also, i don't want to get into parallel processing, although that might work effectively.

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  • An efficient code to determine if a set is a subset of another set

    - by Edward
    I am looking for an efficient way to determine if a set is a subset of another set in Matlab or Mathematica. Example: Set A = [1 2 3 4] Set B = [4 3] Set C = [3 4 1] Set D = [4 3 2 1] The output should be: Set A Sets B and C belong to set A because A contains all of their elements, therefore, they can be deleted (the order of elements in a set doesn't matter). Set D has the same elements as set A and since set A precedes set D, I would like to simply keep set A and delete set D. So there are two essential rules: 1. Delete a set if it is a subset of another set 2. Delete a set if its elements are the same as those of a preceding set My Matlab code is not very efficient at doing this - it mostly consists of nested loops. Suggestions are very welcome! Additional explanation: the issue is that with a large number of sets there will be a very large number of pairwise comparisons.

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  • JRuby 1.7.0 will not install bundler given plenty of memory

    - by user678615
    I installed jruby with rvm install jruby-1.7.0 and it ran out of memory when it tried to create the gemsets so I started by trying to install bundler with the new version and this is what I get ~>gem install bundler Error: Your application used more stack memory than the safety cap of 2048K. Specify -J-Xss####k to increase it (#### = cap size in KB). Specify -w for full StackOverflowError stack trace So I moved up the memory and I still got nothing with a huge chunk of memory ~>JRUBY_OPTS=-J-Xss1024m gem install bundler Error: Your application used more stack memory than the safety cap of 1024M. Specify -J-Xss####k to increase it (#### = cap size in KB). Specify -w for full StackOverflowError stack trace How the hell can that not be enough I run applications on less than that

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  • Most efficient approach for multilingual PHP website

    - by alexteg
    I am working on a large multilingual website and I am considering different approaches for making it multilingual. The possible alternatives I can think of are: The Gettext functions with generation of .po files One MySQL table with the translations and a unique string ID for each text PHP-files with arrays containing the different translations with unique string IDs As far as I have understood the Gettext functions should be most efficient, but my requirement is that it should be possible to change a text string in the original reference language (English) without the other translations of that string automatically reverting back to English just because a couple of words changed. Is this possible with Gettext? What is the least resource demanding solution? Is using the Gettext functions or PHP files with arrays more or less equally resource demanding? Any other suggestions for more efficient solutions?

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  • resizing arrays when close to memory capacity

    - by user548928
    So I am implementing my own hashtable in java, since the built in hashtable has ridiculous memory overhead per entry. I'm making an open-addressed table with a variant of quadratic hashing, which is backed internally by two arrays, one for keys and one for values. I don't have the ability to resize though. The obvious way to do it is to create larger arrays and then hash all of the (key, value) pairs into the new arrays from the old ones. This falls apart though when my old arrays take up over 50% of my current memory, since I can't fit both the old and new arrays in memory at the same time. Is there any way to resize my hashtable in this situation Edit: the info I got for current hashtable memory overheads is from here How much memory does a Hashtable use? Also, for my current application, my values are ints, so rather than store references to Integers, I have an array of ints as my values.

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  • Efficient most common suffix algorithm?

    - by taw
    I have a few GBs worth of strings, and for every prefix I want to find 10 most common suffixes. Is there an efficient algorithm for that? An obvious solution would be: Store sorted list of <string, count> pairs. Identify by binary search extent for prefix we're searching. Find 10 highest counts in this extent. Possibly precompute it for all short prefixes, so it doesn't ever need to look at large portion of data. I'm not sure if that would actually be efficient at all. Is there a better way I overlooked? Answers must be real time, but it can take as much preprocessing as necessary.

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