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• Django ORM QuerySet intersection by a field

  - by Sri Raghavan

  These are the (pseudo) models I've got. Blog: name etc... Article: name blog creator etc User (as per django.contrib.auth) So my problem is this: I've got two users. I want to get all of the articles that the two users published on the same blog (no matter which blog). I can't simply filter the Article model by both users, because that would yield the set of Articles created by both users. Obviously not what I want. but can I filter somehow to get all of the articles where a field of the object matches between the two querysets?

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• How to test custom template tags in Django?

  - by Mark Lavin

  I'm adding a set of template tags to a Django application and I'm not sure how to test them. I've used them in my templates and they seem to be working but I was looking for something more formal. The main logic is done in the models/model managers and has been tested. The tags simply retrieve data and store it in a context variable such as {% views_for_object widget as views %} """ Retrieves the number of views and stores them in a context variable. """ # or {% most_viewed_for_model main.model_name as viewed_models %} """ Retrieves the ViewTrackers for the most viewed instances of the given model. """ So my question is do you typically test your template tags and if you do how do you do it?

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• django 1.1 beta issue

  - by ha22109

  Hello all, I m using django 1.1 beta.I m facing porblem in case of list_editable.First it was throughing exception saying need ordering in case of list_editable" then i added ordering in model but know it is giving me error.The code is working fine with django1.1 final. here is my code model.py class User(models.Model): advertiser = models.ForeignKey(WapUser,primary_key=True) status = models.CharField(max_length=20,choices=ADVERTISER_INVITE_STATUS,default='invited') tos_version = models.CharField(max_length=5) contact_email = models.EmailField(max_length=80) contact_phone = models.CharField(max_length=15) contact_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=15) contact_person = models.CharField(max_length=80) feedback=models.BooleanField(choices=boolean_choices,default=0) def __unicode__(self): return self.user.login class Meta: db_table = u'roi_advertiser_info' managed=False ordering=['feedback',] admin.py class UserAdmin(ReadOnlyAdminFields, admin.ModelAdmin): list_per_page = 15 fields = ['advertiser','contact_email','contact_phone','contact_mobile','contact_person'] list_display = ['advertiser','contact_email','contact_phone','contact_mobile','contact_person','status','feedback'] list_editable=['feedback'] readonly = ('advertiser',) search_fields = ['advertiser__login_id'] radio_fields={'approve_auto': admin.HORIZONTAL} list_filter=['status','feedback'] admin.site.register(User,UserADmin)

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• ValueError with multi-table inheritance in Django Admin

  - by jorde

  I created two new classes which inherit model Entry: class Entry(models.Model): LANGUAGE_CHOICES = settings.LANGUAGES language = models.CharField(max_length=2, verbose_name=_('Comment language'), choices=LANGUAGE_CHOICES) user = models.ForeignKey(User) country = models.ForeignKey(Country, null=True, blank=True) created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) class Comment(Entry): comment = models.CharField(max_length=2000, blank=True, verbose_name=_('Comment in English')) class Discount(Entry): discount = models.CharField(max_length=2000, blank=True, verbose_name=_('Comment in English')) coupon = models.CharField(max_length=2000, blank=True, verbose_name=_('Coupon code if needed')) After adding these new models to admin via admin.site.register I'm getting ValueError when trying to create a comment or a discount via admin. Adding entries works fine. Error msg: ValueError at /admin/reviews/discount/add/ Cannot assign "''": "Discount.discount" must be a "Discount" instance. Request Method: GET Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/reviews/discount/add/ Exception Type: ValueError Exception Value: Cannot assign "''": "Discount.discount" must be a "Discount" instance. Exception Location: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related.py in set, line 211 Python Executable: /usr/bin/python Python Version: 2.6.1

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• Django snippet with logic

  - by etam

  Hi, is there a way to create a Django snippet that has logic? I think about something like contact template tag: {% contact_form %} with template: <form action="send_contact_form" method="POST">...</form> with logic: def send_contact_form(): ... I want to be able to use it anywhere in my projects. It should work only by specifying 1 template tag... Do you know what I mean? Is it possible? Thanks in advance, Etam.

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• Annotate and Aggregate function in django

  - by thesteve

  In django I have the following tables and am trying to count the number of votes by item. class Votes(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) item = models.ForeignKey(Item) class Item(models.Model): name = models.CharField() description = models.TextField() I have the following queryset queryset = Votes.objects.values('item__name').annotate(Count('item')) that returns a list with item name and view count but not the item object. How can I set it up so that the object is returned instead of just the string value? I have been messing around with Manager and Queryset methods, that the right track? Any advice would be appreciated.

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• Django admin causes high load for one model...

  - by Joe

  In my Django admin, when I try to view/edit objects from one particular model class the memory usage and CPU rockets up and I have to restart the server. I can view the list of objects fine, but the problem comes when I click on one of the objects. Other models are fine. Working with the object in code (i.e. creating and displaying) is ok, the problem only arises when I try to view an object with the admin interface. The class isn't even particularly exotic: class Comment(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) thing = models.ForeignKey(Thing) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) content = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True) approved = models.BooleanField(default=True) class Meta: ordering = ['-date'] Any ideas? I'm stumped. The only reason I could think of might be that the thing is quite a large object (a few kb), but as I understand it, it wouldn't get loaded until it was needed (correct?).

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• Django-allauth redirected to connections

  - by camara90100

  I'm using django-allauth to signup users with Facebook, and I'm setting the ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED to True so when a user doesn't have email saved on his account I get redirected to the allauth/templates/socialaccount/Signup.html and when I use a test user to enter a valid email, I get redirect to "connections.html" which then asks me to choose one of the social accounts and remove it. and the form action method is set to 'connections url' so it becomes an infinite loop. anyone knows what's wrong? here's my settings SOCIALACCOUNT_PROVIDERS = \ { 'facebook': { 'SCOPE': ['email', 'publish_stream'], # 'AUTH_PARAMS': { 'auth_type': 'reauthenticate' }, 'METHOD': 'js_sdk' , 'LOCALE_FUNC': lambda request: 'en_US'}} ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED =True ACCOUNT_ADAPTER = 'profiles.adapter.MyAccountAdapter' SOCIALACCOUNT_ADAPTER ='profiles.adapter.MySocialAccountAdapter'

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• Images missing after moving Django to new server

  - by miszczu

  I'm moving Django project to new server. I'm newbie in Django, and I don't know where should be upload folder. There are all images which should be displayed on website. In config file I haven't seen upload folder I could specify, so I'm guessing it always should be the same location for django projects or I just can't find it. Locations are saved in database. When I've put uploaded files into media folder, so url was like domain.co.uk/media/upload/media/images/year/month/day/image_name.ext and the same is on the old website, images on website ware still missing. All images are visible if I put url by hand, but django doesn't seems to see files. Also I check django log file: 2012-05-30 09:13:33,393 ERROR render: Thumbnail tag failed: [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py (line 49)] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py", line 45, in render return self._render(context) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py", line 97, in _render file_, geometry, **options File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/base.py", line 50, in get_thumbnail cached = default.kvstore.get(thumbnail) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/base.py", line 25, in get return self._get(image_file.key) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/base.py", line 123, in _get value = self._get_raw(add_prefix(key, identity)) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/kvstores/cached_db_kvstore.py", line 26, in _get_raw value = KVStoreModel.objects.get(key=key).value File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 132, in get return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 344, in get num = len(clone) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 82, in __len__ self._result_cache = list(self.iterator()) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 273, in iterator for row in compiler.results_iter(): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 680, in results_iter for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI): File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 735, in execute_sql cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 34, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 86, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, args) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 174, in execute self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler raise errorclass, errorvalue DatabaseError: (1146, "Table 'thumbnail_kvstore' doesn't exist") 2012-05-30 09:13:33,396 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `freetext_freetext`.`id`, `freetext_freetext`.`key`, `freetext_freetext`.`content`, `freetext_freetext`.`active` FROM `freetext_freetext` WHERE (`freetext_freetext`.`active` = True AND `freetext_freetext`.`key` = office-closed-message ); args=(True, u'office-closed-message') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,399 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `menus_menu`.`id`, `menus_menu`.`name`, `menus_menu`.`slug`, `menus_menu`.`base_url`, `menus_menu`.`description`, `menus_menu`.`enabled` FROM `menus_menu` WHERE (`menus_menu`.`enabled` = True AND `menus_menu`.`slug` = about ); args=(True, u'about') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,401 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `menus_menuitem`.`id`, `menus_menuitem`.`menu_id`, `menus_menuitem`.`title`, `menus_menuitem`.`url`, `menus_menuitem`.`order` FROM `menus_menuitem` INNER JOIN `menus_menu` ON (`menus_menuitem`.`menu_id` = `menus_menu`.`id`) WHERE `menus_menu`.`slug` = about ORDER BY `menus_menuitem`.`order` ASC; args=(u'about',) [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] 2012-05-30 09:13:33,404 DEBUG execute: (0.000) SELECT `freetext_freetext`.`id`, `freetext_freetext`.`key`, `freetext_freetext`.`content`, `freetext_freetext`.`active` FROM `freetext_freetext` WHERE (`freetext_freetext`.`active` = True AND `freetext_freetext`.`key` = contactdetails-footer ); args=(True, u'contactdetails-footer') [in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py (line 44)] I checked database and there is no table calls thumbnail_kvstore, but I have database backup, and in backup files this table doesn't exist. All uploaded files I get are in media/uploads/media/. Also I'm getting errors on some pages: Syntax error. Expected: ``thumbnail source geometry [key1=val1 key2=val2...] as var`` /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/sorl_thumbnail-11.12-py2.6.egg/sorl/thumbnail/templatetags/thumbnail.py in __init__, line 72 In template /var/www/vhosts/domain.co.uk/sites/apps/shop/products/templates/products/product_detail.html, error at line 34 {% thumbnail image.file "800x700" detail as zoom %} Maybe some modules I install are not in the right version. Dont know how to fix it. Im using, CentOS 6, mod_wsgi, apache, python 2.6. Update 1.0: On the old server was Django 1.3, on the new one is Django 1.3.1 Update 1.1: I this i know where is the problem. I tried python manage.py syncdb and this is output: Syncing... Creating tables ... The following content types are stale and need to be deleted: orders | ordercontact Any objects related to these content types by a foreign key will also be deleted. Are you sure you want to delete these content types? If you're unsure, answer 'no'. Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: no Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... No fixtures found. Synced: > django.contrib.auth > django.contrib.contenttypes > django.contrib.sessions > django.contrib.sites > django.contrib.messages > django.contrib.admin > django.contrib.admindocs > django.contrib.markup > django.contrib.sitemaps > django.contrib.redirects > django_filters > freetext > sorl.thumbnail > django_extensions > south > currencies > pagination > tagging > honeypot > core > faq > logentry > menus > news > shop > shop.cart > shop.orders Not synced (use migrations): - dbtemplates - contactform - links - media - pages - popularity - testimonials - shop.brands - shop.collections - shop.discount - shop.pricing - shop.product_types - shop.products - shop.shipping - shop.tax (use ./manage.py migrate to migrate these) Next I run python manage.py migrate, and thats what i get: Running migrations for dbtemplates: - Migrating forwards to 0002_auto__del_unique_template_name. > dbtemplates:0001_initial ! Error found during real run of migration! Aborting. ! Since you have a database that does not support running ! schema-altering statements in transactions, we have had ! to leave it in an interim state between migrations. ! You *might* be able to recover with: = DROP TABLE `django_template` CASCADE; [] = DROP TABLE `django_template_sites` CASCADE; [] ! The South developers regret this has happened, and would ! like to gently persuade you to consider a slightly ! easier-to-deal-with DBMS. ! NOTE: The error which caused the migration to fail is further up. Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 13, in <module> execute_manager(settings) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager utility.execute() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute output = self.handle(*args, **options) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/management/commands/migrate.py", line 105, in handle ignore_ghosts = ignore_ghosts, File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/__init__.py", line 191, in migrate_app success = migrator.migrate_many(target, workplan, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 221, in migrate_many result = migrator.__class__.migrate_many(migrator, target, migrations, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 292, in migrate_many result = self.migrate(migration, database) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 125, in migrate result = self.run(migration) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 99, in run return self.run_migration(migration) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 81, in run_migration migration_function() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/migration/migrators.py", line 57, in <lambda> return (lambda: direction(orm)) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django_dbtemplates-1.3-py2.6.egg/dbtemplates/migrations/0001_initial.py", line 18, in forwards ('last_changed', self.gf('django.db.models.fields.DateTimeField')(default=datetime.datetime.now)), File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 226, in create_table ', '.join([col for col in columns if col]), File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/South-0.7.3-py2.6.egg/south/db/generic.py", line 150, in execute cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 34, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 86, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, args) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 174, in execute self.errorhandler(self, exc, value) File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 36, in defaulterrorhandler raise errorclass, errorvalue _mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (1050, "Table 'django_template' already exists") Also i run python manage.py migrate --list, and uotput is: dbtemplates (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_unique_template_name contactform (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_callback (*) 0003_auto__add_field_callback_notes (*) 0004_auto__add_field_callback_is_closed__add_field_callback_closed (*) 0005_auto__add_field_callback_url (*) 0006_auto__add_contact (*) 0007_auto__add_field_contact_category (*) 0008_auto__add_field_contact_url links (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_category_enabled__add_field_category_order media (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_field_image_external_url__add_field_image_link_url__del_fiel (*) 0003_add_model_FileAttachment (*) 0004_auto__chg_field_file_slug__chg_field_image_slug (*) 0005_auto__chg_field_image_file (*) 0006_auto__chg_field_file_file pages (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__chg_field_page_meta_description__chg_field_page_meta_title__chg_ (*) 0003_auto__add_field_page_show_in_sitemap (*) 0004_auto__add_field_page_changefreq__add_field_page_priority popularity (*) 0001_initial testimonials (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_testimonial_is_featured brands (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_brand_template (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_brand_meta_description__chg_field_brand_meta_title__ch (*) 0004_auto__add_field_brand_url (*) 0005_auto__del_field_brand_image__add_field_brand_logo collections (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_collection_discount (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_collection_meta_description__chg_field_collection_meta (*) 0004_auto__add_field_collection_is_featured (*) 0005_auto__add_field_collection_order discount (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_added_field_discount_description (*) 0003_auto__add_field_discountvoucher_automatic (*) 0004_auto__add_field_discountvoucher_collection (*) 0005_auto__del_field_discountvoucher_collection (*) 0006_auto__chg_field_discountvoucher_expiry_date pricing (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_pricingrule product_types (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_producttype_meta_title__add_field_producttype_meta_des (*) 0003_auto__add_field_producttype_summary__add_field_producttype_description products (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__del_field_product_is_featured (*) 0003_auto__chg_field_product_meta_keywords__chg_field_product_meta_descript (*) 0004_auto shipping (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_shippingmethod_includes_tax__add_field_shippingmethod_ (*) 0003_auto__add_field_shippingmethod_order (*) 0004_auto__del_field_shippingmethod_tax_rate__del_field_shippingmethod_incl (*) 0005_auto__del_field_shippingrule_enabled tax (*) 0001_initial (*) 0002_auto__add_field_taxrate_internal_name (*) 0003_initial_internal_names (*) 0004_auto__add_unique_taxrate_internal_name (*) 0005_force_unique_taxrate_name (*) 0006_auto__add_unique_taxrate_name After that some images source were something like this: src="cache/1e/bd/1ebd719910aa843238028edd5fe49e71.jpg" Is any1 could help me with syncdb pledase?

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• Django: Complex filter parameters or...?

  - by minder

  This question is connected to my other question but I changed the logic a bit. I have models like this: from django.contrib.auth.models import Group class Category(models.Model): (...) editors = ForeignKey(Group) class Entry(models.Model): (...) category = ForeignKey(Category) Now let's say User logs into admin panel and wants to change an Entry. How do I limit the list of Entries only to those, he has the right to edit? I mean: How can I list only those Entries which are assigned to a Category that in its "editors" field has one of the groups the User belongs to? What if User belongs to several groups? I still need to show all relevant Entries. I tried experimenting with changelist_view() and queryset() methods but this problem is a bit too complex for me. I'm also wondering if granular-permissions could help me with the task, but for now I have no clue. I came up only with this: First I get the list of all Groups the User belongs to. Then for each Group I get all connected Categories and then for each Category I get all Entries that belong to these Categories. Unfortunately I have no idea how to stitch everything together as filter() parameters to produce a nice single QuerySet.

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• How do I reference Django Model from another model

  - by user313943

  Im looking to create a view in the admin panel for a test program which logs Books, publishers and authors (as on djangoproject.com) I have the following two models defined. class Author(models.Model): first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) email = models.EmailField() def __unicode__(self): return u'%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name) class Book(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=100) authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author) publisher = models.ForeignKey(Publisher) publication_date = models.DateField() def __unicode__(self): return self.title What I want to do, is change the Book model to reference the first_name of any authors and show this using admin.AdminModels. #Here is the admin model I've created. class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('title', 'publisher', 'publication_date') # Author would in here list_filter = ('publication_date',) date_hierarchy = 'publication_date' ordering = ('-publication_date',) fields = ('title', 'authors', 'publisher', 'publication_date') filter_horizontal = ('authors',) raw_id_fields = ('publisher',) As I understand it, you cannot have two ForeignKeys in the same model. Can anyone give me an example of how to do this? I've tried loads of different things and its been driving me mad all day. Im pretty new to Python/Django. Just to be clear - I'd simply like the Author(s) First/Last name to appear alongside the book title and publisher name. Thanks

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• Annotate over Multi-table Inheritance in Django

  - by user341584

  I have a base LoggedEvent model and a number of subclass models like follows: class LoggedEvent(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True) timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) class AuthEvent(LoggedEvent): good = models.BooleanField() username = models.CharField(max_length=12) class LDAPSearchEvent(LoggedEvent): type = models.CharField(max_length=12) query = models.CharField(max_length=24) class PRISearchEvent(LoggedEvent): type = models.CharField(max_length=12) query = models.CharField(max_length=24) Users generate these events as they do the related actions. I am attempting to generate a usage-report of how many of each event-type each user has caused in the last month. I am struggling with Django's ORM and while I am close I am running into a problem. Here is the query code: ef usage(request): # Calculate date range today = datetime.date.today() month_start = datetime.date(year=today.year, month=today.month - 1, day=1) month_end = datetime.date(year=today.year, month=today.month, day=1) - datetime.timedelta(days=1) # Search for how many LDAP events were generated per user, last month baseusage = User.objects.filter(loggedevent__timestamp__gte=month_start, loggedevent__timestamp__lte=month_end) ldapusage = baseusage.exclude(loggedevent__ldapsearchevent__id__lt=1).annotate(count=Count('loggedevent__pk')) authusage = baseusage.exclude(loggedevent__authevent__id__lt=1).annotate(count=Count('loggedevent__pk')) return render_to_response('usage.html', { 'ldapusage' : ldapusage, 'authusage' : authusage, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) Both ldapusage and authusage are both a list of users, each user annotated with a .count attribute which is supposed to represent how many particular events that user generated. However in both lists, the .count attributes are the same value. Infact the annotated 'count' is equal to how many events that user generated, regardless of type. So it would seem that my specific authusage = baseusage.exclude(loggedevent__authevent__id__lt=1) isn't excluding by subclass. I have tried id_lt=1, id_isnull=True, and others. Halp.

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• Are Django template tags cached?

  - by thebossman

  I have gone through the (painful) process of writing a custom template tag for use in Django. It is registered as an inclusion_tag so that it renders a template. However, this tag breaks as soon as I try to change something. I've tried changing the number of parameters and correspondingly changing the parameters when it's called. It's clear the new tag code isn't being loaded, because an error is thrown stating that there is a mismatch in the number of parameters, and it's evident that it's attempting to call the old function. The same problem occurs if I try to change the name of the template being rendered and correspondingly change the name of the template on disk. It continues to try to call the old template. I've tried clearing old .pyc files with no luck. Overall, the system is acting as though it's caching the template tags, likely due to the register command. I have dug through endless threads trying to find out if this is so, but all could find it James Bennett stating here that register doesn't do anything. Please help!

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• Django DRY Feeds

  - by Mandx

  I'm using the Django Feeds Framework and it's really nice, very intuitive and easy to use. But, I think there is a problem when creating links to feeds in HTML. For example: <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="{{ feed_title }}" href="{{ url_of_feed }}" /> Link's HREF attribute can be easily found out, just use reverse() But, what about the TITLE attribute? Where the template engine should look for this? Even more, what if the feed is build up dinamically and the title depends on parameters (like this)? I can't come up with a solution that "seems" DRY to me... All that I can come up with is using context processors o template tags, but it gets messy when the context procesor/template tag has to find parameters to construct the Feed class, and writing this I realize I don't even know how to create a Feed instance myself within the view. If I put all this logic in the view, it would not be just one view. Also, the value for TITLE would be in the view AND in the feed.

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• Django Querying Relation of Relation

  - by Brent

  I'm stuck on a Django ORM issue that is bugging me. I have a set of models linked by a foreign key but the requirements are a bit odd. I need to list items by their relation's relation. This is hard to explain so I've tried to depict this below, given: Work ManyToMany(Award) Award ForeignKey(AwardCategory) AwardCategory I need to list work items so they are listed by the award category. Desired output would be: Work Instance A Award Instance A that belongs to Award Category Instance A Award Instance C that belongs to Award Category Instance A Award Instance G that belongs to Award Category Instance A Work Instance A (same instance as above, but listed by different award__category) Award Instance F that belongs to Award Category Instance B Award Instance R that belongs to Award Category Instance B Award Instance Z that belongs to Award Category Instance B Work Instance B Award Instance B that belongs to Award Category Instance A Award Instance A that belongs to Award Category Instance A Essentially I want to list all work by the award category. I can get this to work in part but my solution is filthy and gross. I'm wondering if there is a better way. I considered using a ManyToMany and a through attribute but I'm not certain if I'm utilizing it correctly.

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• Add fields to Django ModelForm that aren't in the model

  - by Cyclic

  I have a model that looks like: class MySchedule(models.Model): start_datetime=models.DateTimeField() name=models.CharField('Name',max_length=75) With it comes its ModelForm: class MyScheduleForm(forms.ModelForm): startdate=forms.DateField() starthour=forms.ChoiceField(choices=((6,"6am"),(7,"7am"),(8,"8am"),(9,"9am"),(10,"10am"),(11,"11am"), (12,"noon"),(13,"1pm"),(14,"2pm"),(15,"3pm"),(16,"4pm"),(17,"5pm"), (18,"6pm" startminute=forms.ChoiceField(choices=((0,":00"),(15,":15"),(30,":30"),(45,":45")))),(19,"7pm"),(20,"8pm"),(21,"9pm"),(22,"10pm"),(23,"11pm"))) class Meta: model=MySchedule def clean(self): starttime=time(int(self.cleaned_data.get('starthour')),int(self.cleaned_data.get('startminute'))) return self.cleaned_data try: self.instance.start_datetime=datetime.combine(self.cleaned_data.get("startdate"),starttime) except TypeError: raise forms.ValidationError("There's a problem with your start or end date") Basically, I'm trying to break the DateTime field in the model into 3 more easily usable form fields -- a date picker, an hour dropdown, and a minute dropdown. Then, once I've gotten the three inputs, I reassemble them into a DateTime and save it to the model. A few questions: 1) Is this totally the wrong way to go about doing it? I don't want to create fields in the model for hours, minutes, etc, since that's all basically just intermediary data, so I'd like a way to break the DateTime field into sub-fields. 2) The difficulty I'm running into is when the startdate field is blank -- it seems like it never gets checked for non-blankness, and just ends up throwing up a TypeError later when the program expects a date and gets None. Where does Django check for blank inputs, and raise the error that eventually goes back to the form? Is this my responsibility? If so, how do I do it, since it doesn't evaluate clean_startdate() since startdate isn't in the model. 3) Is there some better way to do this with inheritance? Perhaps inherit the MyScheduleForm in BetterScheduleForm and add the fields there? How would I do this? (I've been playing around with it for over an hours and can't seem to get it) Thanks! [Edit:] Left off the return self.cleaned_data -- lost it in the copy/paste originally

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• user inheritance in django

  - by amateur

  Hi guys, I saw a couple of ways extending user information of users and decided to adopt the model inheritance method. for instance, I have : class Parent(User): contact_means = models.IntegerField() is_staff = False objects = userManager() Now it is done, I've downloaded django_registration to help me out with sending emails to new users. The thing is, instead of using registration forms to register new user, I want to to invoke the email sending/acitvation capability of django_registration. So my workflow is: 1. add new Parent object in admin page. 2. send email My problem is, the django-registration creates a new registration profile together with a new user in the user table. how do I tweak this such that I am able to add the user entry into the custom user table. I have tried to create a modelAdmin and alter the save_model method to launch the create_inactive_user from django_registration, however I do not how to save the user object generated from django_registration into my Parent table when I have using model inheritance and I do not have a Foreign key attribute in my parent model.

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• python/django problem with sessions and language

  - by freakish

  Hello everyone! I have the following problem: on the main page I can change language. New language is saved in request.session['django_language']. I also have SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN set to my site, so session should be inherited by subdomains. And it is, because after changing language I check request.session['django_language'] in subdomains and it's fine. Then I use django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware to translate my pages. And it works perfectly... only on main site! If I change language and refresh main site - it is ok. However, if I change language and go to a subpage (for example /LogIn), then the page is NOT translated at all. It stays on default language. This is really strange, because if I use {% load i18n %} {% get_current_language as lang %} in this subpage, then lang is good language. There is no mistake. What kind of problem can it be? Some suggestions?

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• Django Threaded Commenting System

  - by Yasin Ozel

  (and sorry for my english) I am learning Python and Django. Now, my challange is developing threaded generic comment system. There is two models, Post and Comment. -Post can be commented. -Comment can be commented. (endless/threaded) -Should not be a n+1 query problem in system. (No matter how many comments, should not increase the number of queries) My current models are like this: class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=100) content = models.TextField() child = generic.GenericRelation( 'Comment', content_type_field='parent_content_type', object_id_field='parent_object_id' ) class Comment(models.Model): content = models.TextField() child = generic.GenericRelation( 'self', content_type_field='parent_content_type', object_id_field='parent_object_id' ) parent_content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) parent_object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() parent = generic.GenericForeignKey( "parent_content_type", "parent_object_id") Are my models right? And how can i get all comment (with hierarchy) of post, without n+1 query problem? Note: I know mttp and other modules but I want to learn this system. Edit: I run "Post.objects.all().prefetch_related("child").get(pk=1)" command and this gave me post and its child comment. But when I wanna get child command of child command a new query is running. I can change command to ...prefetch_related("child__child__child...")... then still a new query running for every depth of child-parent relationship. Is there anyone who has idea about resolve this problem?

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• ASP.NET NVC - Add XHTML into validation error messages

  - by Neil

  Hi, Just starting with ASP.Net MVC and have hit a bit of a snag regarding validation messages. I've a custom validation attribute assigned to my class validate several properties on my model. When this validation fails, we'd like the error message to contain XHTML mark-up, including a link to help page, (this was done in the original WebForms project as a ASP:Panel). At the moment the XHTML tags such as "< a ", in the ErrorMessage are being rendered to the screen. Is there any way to get the ValidationSummary to render the XHTML markup correctly? Or is there a better way to handle this kind of validation? Thanks

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• Support for nested model and class validation with ASP.NET MVC 2.0

  - by Diep-Vriezer

  I'm trying to validate a model containing other objects with validation rules using the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations attributes was hoping the default MVC implementation would suffice: var obj = js.Deserialize(json, objectInfo.ObjectType); if(!TryValidateModel(obj)) { // Handle failed model validation. } The object is composed of primitive types but also contains other classes which also use DataAnnotications. Like so: public class Entry { [Required] public Person Subscriber { get; set; } [Required] public String Company { get; set; } } public class Person { public String FirstName { get; set;} [Required] public String Surname { get; set; } } The problem is that the ASP.NET MVC validation only goes down 1 level and only evaluates the properties of the top level class, as can be read on digitallycreated.net/Blog/54/deep-inside-asp.net-mvc-2-model-metadata-and-validation. Does anyone know an elegant solution to this? I've tried xVal, but they seem to use a non-recursive pattern (http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2009/01/10/xval-a-validation-framework-for-aspnet-mvc/). Someone must have run into this problem before right? Nesting objects in your model doesn't seem so weird if you're designing a web service.

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• WPF Validation of clipboard Data

  - by Peter

  Hello normal validation is always related to some control, but in my case there is no control to fire validation when its content changes and to show errortemplate to the user. because the data to be validated is in the cipboard. when the user presses "PASTE" button viewmodel processes the data and finds it to be invalid. but what is the best way to invoke WPF validation in this case? as far as i understand using IDataErrorInfo is the way to go, but what is the best way to start validation. and whst is the best way of displaying the error? errortemplate of the button element? Thanks a lot for help. Peter

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• ASP.NET MVC - Add XHTML into validation error messages

  - by Neil

  Hi, Just starting with ASP.Net MVC and have hit a bit of a snag regarding validation messages. I've a custom validation attribute assigned to my class validate several properties on my model. When this validation fails, we'd like the error message to contain XHTML mark-up, including a link to help page, (this was done in the original WebForms project as a ASP:Panel). At the moment the XHTML tags such as "< a ", in the ErrorMessage are being rendered to the screen. Is there any way to get the ValidationSummary to render the XHTML markup correctly? Or is there a better way to handle this kind of validation? Thanks

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• Class-Level Model Validation with EF Code First and ASP.NET MVC 3

  - by ScottGu

  Earlier this week the data team released the CTP5 build of the new Entity Framework Code-First library.  In my blog post a few days ago I talked about a few of the improvements introduced with the new CTP5 build.  Automatic support for enforcing DataAnnotation validation attributes on models was one of the improvements I discussed.  It provides a pretty easy way to enable property-level validation logic within your model layer. You can apply validation attributes like [Required], [Range], and [RegularExpression] – all of which are built-into .NET 4 – to your model classes in order to enforce that the model properties are valid before they are persisted to a database.  You can also create your own custom validation attributes (like this cool [CreditCard] validator) and have them be automatically enforced by EF Code First as well.  This provides a really easy way to validate property values on your models.  I showed some code samples of this in action in my previous post. Class-Level Model Validation using IValidatableObject DataAnnotation attributes provides an easy way to validate individual property values on your model classes.  Several people have asked - “Does EF Code First also support a way to implement class-level validation methods on model objects, for validation rules than need to span multiple property values?”  It does – and one easy way you can enable this is by implementing the IValidatableObject interface on your model classes. IValidatableObject.Validate() Method Below is an example of using the IValidatableObject interface (which is built-into .NET 4 within the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace) to implement two custom validation rules on a Product model class.  The two rules ensure that: New units can’t be ordered if the Product is in a discontinued state New units can’t be ordered if there are already more than 100 units in stock We will enforce these business rules by implementing the IValidatableObject interface on our Product class, and by implementing its Validate() method like so: The IValidatableObject.Validate() method can apply validation rules that span across multiple properties, and can yield back multiple validation errors. Each ValidationResult returned can supply both an error message as well as an optional list of property names that caused the violation (which is useful when displaying error messages within UI). Automatic Validation Enforcement EF Code-First (starting with CTP5) now automatically invokes the Validate() method when a model object that implements the IValidatableObject interface is saved.  You do not need to write any code to cause this to happen – this support is now enabled by default. This new support means that the below code – which violates one of our above business rules – will automatically throw an exception (and abort the transaction) when we call the “SaveChanges()” method on our Northwind DbContext: In addition to reactively handling validation exceptions, EF Code First also allows you to proactively check for validation errors.  Starting with CTP5, you can call the “GetValidationErrors()” method on the DbContext base class to retrieve a list of validation errors within the model objects you are working with.  GetValidationErrors() will return a list of all validation errors – regardless of whether they are generated via DataAnnotation attributes or by an IValidatableObject.Validate() implementation.  Below is an example of proactively using the GetValidationErrors() method to check (and handle) errors before trying to call SaveChanges(): ASP.NET MVC 3 and IValidatableObject ASP.NET MVC 2 included support for automatically honoring and enforcing DataAnnotation attributes on model objects that are used with ASP.NET MVC’s model binding infrastructure.  ASP.NET MVC 3 goes further and also honors the IValidatableObject interface.  This combined support for model validation makes it easy to display appropriate error messages within forms when validation errors occur.  To see this in action, let’s consider a simple Create form that allows users to create a new Product: We can implement the above Create functionality using a ProductsController class that has two “Create” action methods like below: The first Create() method implements a version of the /Products/Create URL that handles HTTP-GET requests - and displays the HTML form to fill-out.  The second Create() method implements a version of the /Products/Create URL that handles HTTP-POST requests - and which takes the posted form data, ensures that is is valid, and if it is valid saves it in the database.  If there are validation issues it redisplays the form with the posted values.  The razor view template of our “Create” view (which renders the form) looks like below: One of the nice things about the above Controller + View implementation is that we did not write any validation logic within it.  The validation logic and business rules are instead implemented entirely within our model layer, and the ProductsController simply checks whether it is valid (by calling the ModelState.IsValid helper method) to determine whether to try and save the changes or redisplay the form with errors. The Html.ValidationMessageFor() helper method calls within our view simply display the error messages our Product model’s DataAnnotations and IValidatableObject.Validate() method returned.  We can see the above scenario in action by filling out invalid data within the form and attempting to submit it: Notice above how when we hit the “Create” button we got an error message.  This was because we ticked the “Discontinued” checkbox while also entering a value for the UnitsOnOrder (and so violated one of our business rules).  You might ask – how did ASP.NET MVC know to highlight and display the error message next to the UnitsOnOrder textbox?  It did this because ASP.NET MVC 3 now honors the IValidatableObject interface when performing model binding, and will retrieve the error messages from validation failures with it. The business rule within our Product model class indicated that the “UnitsOnOrder” property should be highlighted when the business rule we hit was violated: Our Html.ValidationMessageFor() helper method knew to display the business rule error message (next to the UnitsOnOrder edit box) because of the above property name hint we supplied: Keeping things DRY ASP.NET MVC and EF Code First enables you to keep your validation and business rules in one place (within your model layer), and avoid having it creep into your Controllers and Views.  Keeping the validation logic in the model layer helps ensure that you do not duplicate validation/business logic as you add more Controllers and Views to your application.  It allows you to quickly change your business rules/validation logic in one single place (within your model layer) – and have all controllers/views across your application immediately reflect it.  This help keep your application code clean and easily maintainable, and makes it much easier to evolve and update your application in the future. Summary EF Code First (starting with CTP5) now has built-in support for both DataAnnotations and the IValidatableObject interface.  This allows you to easily add validation and business rules to your models, and have EF automatically ensure that they are enforced anytime someone tries to persist changes of them to a database.  ASP.NET MVC 3 also now supports both DataAnnotations and IValidatableObject as well, which makes it even easier to use them with your EF Code First model layer – and then have the controllers/views within your web layer automatically honor and support them as well.  This makes it easy to build clean and highly maintainable applications. You don’t have to use DataAnnotations or IValidatableObject to perform your validation/business logic.  You can always roll your own custom validation architecture and/or use other more advanced validation frameworks/patterns if you want.  But for a lot of applications this built-in support will probably be sufficient – and provide a highly productive way to build solutions. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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• Advanced Django query with subselects and custom JOINS

  - by Bryan Ward

  I have been investigating this number theoretic function (found in the Height model) and I need to query for things based on the prime factorization of the primary key, or id. I have created a model for Factors of the id which maintains all of the prime factors. class Height(models.Model): b = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) c = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) d = models.FloatField(null=True, blank=True) class Factors(models.Model): height = models.ForeignKey(Height, null=True, blank=True) factor = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) degree = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) prime_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) For example, if id=24, then the associated entries in the factors table would be height_id=24,factor=2,degree=3,prime_id=0 height_id=24,factor=3,degree=1,prime_id=1 the prime_id keep track of the relative order of the primes. Now let p < q < r < s all be prime numbers and a,b,c,d be positive integers. Then I want to be able to query for all Heights of the form id=(p**a)*(q**b)*(r**c)*(s**d). Now this is simple in the case that all of p,q,r,s,a,b,c,d are known in that I can just run Height.objects.get(id=(p**a)*(q**b)*(r**c)*(s**d)) But I need to be able to query for something like (2**a)*(3**2)*(r**c)*(s**d) where r,s,a,d are unknown and all Heights of such form will be returned. Furthermore, not all of the rows in Height will have exactly four prime factors, so I need to make sure that I am not matching rows of the form id=(p**a)*(q**b)*(r**c)*(s**d)*(t**e)... From what I can tell, the following MySQL query accomplishes this, but I would like to do it through the Django ORM. I also don't know if this MySQL query is the proper way to go about doing things. SELECT h.*,count(f.height_id) AS factorsCount FROM height AS h LEFT JOIN factors AS f ON ( f.height_id = h.id AND f.height_id IN (SELECT height_id FROM factors where prime_id=1 AND factor=2 AND degree=1) AND f.height_id IN (SELECT height_id FROM factors where prime_id=2 AND factor=3 AND degree=2) AND f.height_id IN (SELECT height_id FROM factors where prime_id=3 AND factor=5 AND degree=1) AND f.height_id IN (SELECT height_id FROM factors where prime_id=4 AND factor=7 ANd degree=1) ) GROUP BY h.id HAVING factorsCount=4 ORDER BY h.id; Any ideas or suggestions for things to try?

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