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• Where should I put a method that returns a list of active entries of a table?

  - by darga33

  I have a class named GuestbookEntry that maps to the properties that are in the database table named "guestbook". Very simple! Originally, I had a static method named getActiveEntries() that retrieved an array of all GuestbookEntry objects. Each row in the guestbook table was an object that was added to that array. Then while learning how to properly design PHP classes, I learned some things: Static methods are not desirable. Separation of Concerns Single Responsibility Principle If the GuestbookEntry class should only be responsible for managing single guestbook entries then where should this getActiveEntries() method most properly go? Update: I am looking for an answer that complies with the SOLID acronym principles and allows for test-ability. That's why I want to stay away from static calls/standard functions. DAO, repository, ...? Please explain as though your explanation will be part of "Where to Locate FOR DUMMIES"... :-)

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• What is the good way of sharing specific data between ViewModels

  - by voroninp

  We have IAppContext which is injected into ViewModel. This service contains shared data: global filters and other application wide properties. But there are cases when data is very specific. For example one VM implements Master and the second one - Details of selected tree item. Thus DetailsVm must know about the selected item and its changes. We can store this information either in IAppContext or inside each concerned VM. In both cases update notifications are sent via Messenger. I see pros and cons for any of the approaches and can not decide which one is better. 1st: + explicitly exposed shared proerties, easy to follow dependencies - IAppContxt becomes cluttered with very specific data. 2nd: the exact opposite of the first and more memory load due to data duplication. May be someone can offer design alternatives or tell that one of the variants is objectively superior to the other cause I miss something important?

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• Learning to program in the modern era?

  - by BBHorus

  At this time, lets say in the modern era, in which order do you organize a programing course for teaching and/or learning, what should be learned first, what should emphasize: Databases Data structures Design patterns Programing paradigms(Procedural, functional, OOP, ...etc ) Operating System Some specific programing language What about English if you are not native speaker or doesn't know English AI Anything else... I ask this because in the university that I went, the programing course was awful it was not focus on what you were going to see out when you work what you were supposed to learn. PS: Again sorry about my English is not my main language. ...Experts and gurus please share

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• Dynamic Components

  - by Alex

  I am attempting to design a component-based architecture that allows Components to be dynamically enabled and disabled, much like the system employed by Unity3D. For example, all Components are implicitly enabled by default; however, if one desires to halt execution of code for a particular Component, one can disable it. Naively, I want to have a boolean flag in Component (which is an abstract class), and somehow serialize all method calls into strings, so that some sort of ComponentManager can check if a given Component is enabled/disabled before processing a method call on it. However, this is a pretty bad solution. I feel like I should employ some variation of the state paradigm, but I have yet to make progress. Any help would be greatly appreciated,

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• Where to start a software Analysis & Designing?

  - by Muneer

  I am starting a big database oriented software to develop. I have full picture of the software in mind. I need to do the designing using UML. As there are various tools in UML such as usecase, class diagram, statechart, component diagram, deployment diagram, activity diagram and so on, where should I start my designing. Should it be from Usecase or from Class Diagram or from State Chart? which wich approach will help me to put my mind's picture in to design.? Please corporate with me. Thanks.

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• How do you usually manage callbacks in Java using Swing library?

  - by none

  I'm quite new to the Java Swing programming, and GUI development as well. As a beginner, I'm currently reading Design Pattern, but finding what I'm looking for is quite hard, most of the times. So far, I've never had huge problems defining a view hierarchy - I just use to subclass component from component. But the hard-to-do here is how managing callbacks, which often become hard to maintain due to the hard code. During my last projects, I tried to separate GUI, Listener and Callbacker objects which cooperated together, but in this way it was really hard adding new features. So, which kind of best patterns or best practices do you tend to use when trying to maintain, add new features or even worst avoid to hard-code classes which manage callbacks method in this kind of frameworks (mainly Java Swing)?

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• Are nested classes under-rated?

  - by Aaron Anodide

  I'm not trying to say I know something everyone else doesn't but I've been solving more and more designs with the use of nested classes, so I'm curious to get a feeling for the acceptablilty of using this seemingly rarely used design mechanism. This leads me to the question: am I going down an inherintly bad path for reasons I'll discover when they come back to bite me, or are nested classes maybe something that are underrated? Here are two examples I just used them for: https://gist.github.com/3975581 - the first helped me keep tightly releated heirarchical things together, the second let me give access to protected members to workers...

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• Moving from mock to real objects?

  - by jjchiw

  I'm like doing TDD so I started everything mocking objects, creating interface, stubbing, great. The design seems to work, now I'll implement the stuff, a lot of the code used in the stubs are going to be reused in my real implementation yay! Now should I duplicate the tests to use the real object implementation (but keeping the mocks object of the sensitive stuff like Database and "services" that are out of my context (http calls, etc...)) Or just change the mocks and stubs of the actual tests to use the real objects....... So the question is that, keep two tests or replace the stubs, mocks? And after that, I should keep designing with the mocks, stubs or just go with real objects? (Just making myself clear I'll keep the mock object of the sensitive stuff like database and services that are out of my context, in both situations.)

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• Designing a single look up entity

  - by altsyset

  In almost every application you have this look up entity that provides a dynamic references. This are things like type, category, etc. These entities will always have id, name, desc So at first I designed different entities for each look up. Like education_type, education_level, degree_type.... But on a second thought I decided to have on entity for each of these kinds of entities. But when I am done with the design and check the relation this entity will be referenced by almost all entities in the system and I don't believe that is appropriate. So What is your take on this? Can you give me some clear pros and cons?

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• How can I bind an interface to a class decided by an xml or database configuration at the launch of the application?

  - by ipohfly

  I'm re-working on the design of an existing application which is build using WebForms. Currently the plan is to work it into a MVP pattern application while using Ninject as the IoC container. The reason for Ninject to be there is that the boss had wanted a certain flexibility within the system so that we can build in different flavor of business logic in the model and let the programmer to choose which to use based on the client request, either via XML configuration or database setting. I know that Ninject have no need for XML configuration, however I'm confused on how it can help to dynamically inject the dependency into the system? Imagine I have a interface IMember and I need to bind this interface to the class decided by a xml or database configuration at the launch of the application, how can I achieve that?

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• What kind of math should I be expecting in advanced programming?

  - by I_Question_Things_Deeply

  And I don't mean just space shooters and such, because in non-3D environments it's obvious that not much beyond elementary math is needed to implement. Most of the programming in 2D games is mostly going to involve basic arithmetic, algorithms for enemy AI and dimensional worlds, rotation, and maybe some Algebra as well depending on how you want to design. But I ask because I'm not really gifted with math at all. I get frustrated and worn out just by doing Pre-Algebra, so Algebra 2 and Calculus would likely be futile for me. I guess I'm not so "right-brained" when it comes down to pure numbers and math formulas, but the bad part is that I'm no art-expert either. What do you people here suppose I should do? Go along avoiding as much of the extremely difficult maths I can't fathom, or try to ease into more complex math as I excel at programming?

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• Does anyone have a specific example of using the Flyweight Pattern?

  - by Jeremy E

  I have been studying design patterns and came accross the fly weight pattern. I have been trying to see opportunities to use the pattern in my applications but I am having trouble seeing how to use it. Also, what are some signs that a fly weight pattern is being used when I read other peoples code? According to the definition it says: Use sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects efficiently. If I read it right Dictionaries and Hashtables could be instances of fly weights is this correct? Thanks in advance.

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• Where would a senior PHP developer locate the method getActiveEntries()?

  - by darga33

  I have a class named GuestbookEntry that maps to the properties that are in the database table named "guestbook". Very simple! Originally, I had a static method named getActiveEntries() that retrieved an array of all GuestbookEntry objects. Each row in the guestbook table was an object that was added to that array. Then while learning how to properly design PHP classes, I learned some things: Static methods are not desirable. Separation of Concerns Single Responsibility Principle If the GuestbookEntry class should only be responsible for managing single guestbook entries then where should this getActiveEntries() method most properly go? Update: I am looking for an answer that complies with the SOLID acronym principles and allows for test-ability. That's why I want to stay away from static calls/standard functions. DAO, repository, ...? Please explain as though your explanation will be part of "Where to Locate FOR DUMMIES"... :-)

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• Architects into videogames

  - by Ángel

  I'm an architecture student in my last year. I've always been interested in videogames design. I use 3d Max and Photoshop on a daily basis, and I was thinking about aiming for a career in videogames, starting as a level/environment designer. How should approach it? Is it worthy to spend some time learning UDK or CryEngine? Should I try a smaller but more general software? I know some programming already. Finally, will my skills as an architect be something valuable in the indusrty? Thanks in advance.

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• is it allowed to create a app with overscroll feature?

  - by user61664

  As Apple wo lawsuits against Motorola and Samsung with the so called overscroll patent, i am asking myself what the legal consequences of releasing a APP with such a feature are. I think if one releases the APP in IOS it would be okay, but what happens in android or Windows? Am i getting sued ? What happens if i am writing an APP for the Browser? Isn`t this overscroll patent a design patent? It this is true, all apps hat usw overscrolling and not written by apple , would be illegal. Very confusing. Can anyone explain is?

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• In some games, we just let the main() loop be the Player object or Table object?

  - by ????

  I was thinking that let's say if there is a game of Blackjack or MasterMind, then we should have a class called Dealer or ComputerPal, which is how the computer interact with us (as a dealer for Blackjack or as the person giving hints for MasterMind). And then there should be a Player object, and the way to play one game is aPlayer.playGame but I noticed that a book was just using the main() loop to act as the player (or as the Controller of the game), calling the Dealer methods to dealer the cards, ask for player's action, etc... 1) Is this just a lazy way to model all the proper objects? 2) If more objects are to be added, who should call the aDealer.dealCards and then ask for aPlayer.askForAction? (because it is strange to let the Player handle all the logical steps). Should there be a Table object that handle all these logic and then to play one round of game, use aTable.playGame? What is a good object design for such game?

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• How to elegantly work with a lot of print functions?

  - by user1824372

  I'm working on a Python project that is executed on a terminal (or console) for which I am planning to implement a GUI. I did not major in CS so I really have no idea how to effectively design a terminal GUI such that: the user interface looks good in GUI, it is directed to a certain widget, let's say, a text label, or a bottom bar, or a hide-able frame. Do you have any suggestions? Currently, I am using the print function to provide essential information on STDOUT during execution, so a lot of print calls are distributed here and there in the code. I'm thinking of using macro-like variables such as 'FILE_NOT_EXISTS_MESSAGE' for printing, and all of them and their values would be defined in one file. Is that a standard way to do this? Should I introduce a logging system? In summary, I'm looking for a pattern for handling console output that is effective and adaptable.

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• Core principles, rules, and habits for CS students

  - by Asad Butt

  No doubt there is a lot to read on blogs, in books, and on Stack Overflow, but can we identify some guidelines for CS students to use while studying? For me these are: Finish your course books early and read 4-5 times more material relative to your course work. Programming is the one of the fastest evolving professions. Follow the blogs on a daily basis for the latest updates, news, and technologies. Instead of relying on assignments and exams, do at least one extra, non-graded, small to medium-sized project for every programming course. Fight hard for internships or work placements even if they are unpaid, since 3 months of work 1 year at college. Practice everything, every possible and impossible way. Try doing every bit of your assignments project yourself; i.e. fight for every inch. Rely on documentation as the first source for help and samples, Google, and online forums as the last source. Participate often in online communities and forums to learn the best possible approach for every solution to your problem. (After doing your bit.) Make testing one of your habits as it is getting more important everyday in programming. Make writing one of your habits. Write something productive once or twice a week and publish it.

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• How can you ask a sensitive work question anonymously but still inform readers of your credibility a

  - by Rob

  I would like to request opinions about my career/situation at work with a software development project. I would like to ask anonymously or created a new stackoverflow.com account because I think I may be identified by co-workers at my employer since I have referred them to (non-sensititive) technical questions I have asked here. So they might know my account and be able to follow my activity. If I create a new account it will have no reputation and some readers may ignore it, for example, because they might think that the user only wishes to take ideas from here and not contribute, i.e. not a committed stackoverflow poster. What are your thoughts? (I do feel that it is appropriate to ask such pogramming career/situational questions here as many others have and there are some good questions -and answers and it seems that the stackoverflow community accepts such questions even thought the site's strict guidelines are for specific answers and not discussion, and non-subjective questions. And thank goodness that is the case - not all problems faced by programmers are about the craft but also the human factors around it - where else would folks go?)

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• Best way for an external (remote) graphics designer to style ASP.NET MVC 4 app?

  - by Tom K

  My customer has his own graphics designer he wants to use to style his web application we're building in ASP.NET MVC 4. Our solution is in Bitbucket, but if he can't run it what choices do we have? I doubt he uses Visual Studio 2012. One idea is for us to publish to our solution to a file system, send it to him, have him create a local IIS website on his machine (assuming he isn't using a Mac). Mocking data or pointing to a test SQL in Azure isn't a problem. Then he can make changes to .css and .cshtml files. Will this even work? The point is that he needs to be able to test his changes. I know he can modify the views and just check-in. But he needs to deliver a working design. So it seems inefficient. The graphics designer will have access to our test site so he can see how it works, what data we have and fields. Another idea is for him to build a static mock site using just HTML/CSS. Later I'd integrate his styles into customer's solution, split his html into partial views which we use and add Razor syntax. Again, we'd like to leverage graphics designer for all of this. Is there a best practice documented around this subject? How do other teams deal with this situation?

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• Question about API and Web application code sharing

  - by opendd

  This is a design question. I have a multi part application with several user types. There is a user client for the patient that interacts with a web service. There is an API evolving behind the web service that will be exposed to institutional "users" and an interface for clinicians, researchers and admin types. The patient UI is Flex. The clinician/admin portion of the application is RoR. The API is RoR/rack based. The web service component is Java WS. All components access the same data source. These components are deployed as separate components to their own subdomains. This decision was made to allow for scaling the components individually as needed. Initially, the decision was made to split the code for the RoR Web application from the RoR API. This decision was made in the interests of security and keeping the components focused on specific tasks. Over the course of time, there is necessarily going to be overlap and I am second guessing my decision to keep the code totally separate. I am noticing code being lifted from the admin side being lifted, modified and used in the API. This being the case, I have been considering merging the Ruby based repositories. I am interested in ideas and insight on this situation along with the reasoning behind your thoughts. Thanks.

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• Do you need all that data?

  - by BuckWoody

  I read an amazing post over on ars technica (link: http://arstechnica.com/science/news/2010/03/the-software-brains-behind-the-particle-colliders.ars?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=rss) abvout the LHC, or as they are also known, the "particle colliders". Beyond just the pure scientific geek awesomeness, these instruments have the potential to collect more data than you can (or possibly should) store. Actually, this problem has a lot in common with a BI system. There's so much granular detail available in the source systems that a designer has to decide how, and how much, to roll up the data. Whenver you do that, you lose fidelity, but in many cases that's OK. Take, for example, your car's speedometer. You don't actually need to track each and every point of speed as it happens. You only need to know that you're hovering around the speed limit at a certain point in time. Since this is the way that humans percieve data, is there some lesson we should take in the design of data "flows" - and what implications does this have for new technologies like StreamInsight? Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Game Components, Game Managers and Object Properties

  - by George Duckett

  I'm trying to get my head around component based entity design. My first step was to create various components that could be added to an object. For every component type i had a manager, which would call every component's update function, passing in things like keyboard state etc. as required. The next thing i did was remove the object, and just have each component with an Id. So an object is defined by components having the same Ids. Now, i'm thinking that i don't need a manager for all my components, for example i have a SizeComponent, which just has a Size property). As a result the SizeComponent doesn't have an update method, and the manager's update method does nothing. My first thought was to have an ObjectProperty class which components could query, instead of having them as properties of components. So an object would have a number of ObjectProperty and ObjectComponent. Components would have update logic that queries the object for properties. The manager would manage calling the component's update method. This seems like over-engineering to me, but i don't think i can get rid of the components, because i need a way for the managers to know what objects need what component logic to run (otherwise i'd just remove the component completely and push its update logic into the manager). Is this (having ObjectProperty, ObjectComponent and ComponentManager classes) over-engineering? What would be a good alternative?

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• Cost to licence characters or ships for a game

  - by Michael Jasper

  I am producing a game pitch document for a university game design class, and I am looking for examples of licencing cost for using characters or ships from other IP holders in a game. For example: cost of using an X-Wing in a game, licencing from Lucas cost of using the Enterprise in a game, licencing from Paramount cost of using the Space Shuttle (if any), licencing from Nasa EDIT The closest information I can find is from an article about Nights of the Old Republic, but isn't nearly specific enough for my needs: What Kotick means by Lucas being the principal beneficiary of the success of The Old Republic is that there are most likely clauses in the license agreement that give percentages, points, or another denomination of revenue out to Lucas and his people just for the Star Wars name, and that amount is presumed to be a great deal of money. Kotick is saying that because the cost of the license is so prohibitive, as he has personally had experience with in his position as CEO of Activision Blizzard, that EA will not be able to be profitable because of the hemorrhaging of money to the licensor. EDIT 2 Another vague source stating that FOX uses a "five-figure rule" (assuming between $10,000 - $99,000) It seems FOX, like most studios, will not license individuals to create new works based upon their products. They will only commission individuals of their choosing if they elect to branch out into expanded product lines related to those licenses. Alternately, they are open to making the licencing available to large corporations with access to global markets, but only if those corporations agree to what Ms Friedman called a "five-figure guarantee". Presumably this means that the corporation seeking the licensing must agree to pay a 5-figure sum for that license, and be confident that their product will sell enough volume to recoup that fee, and to produce sufficient profits to make the acquisition worth their while. Thank you!

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• Structuring database for multi-object "activity" and "following" functionalities

  - by romaninsh

  I am working on a web application which operate with different types of objects such as user, profiles, pages etc. All objects have unique object_id. When objects interact it may produce "activity", such as user posting on the page or profile. Activity may be related to multiple objects through their object_id. Users may also follow "objects" and they need to be able to see stream of relevant activity. Could you provide me with some data structure suggestions which would be efficient and scalable? My goal is to show activity limited to the objects which user is following I am not limited by relational databases. Update As I'm getting advices on ORM and how index things, I'd like to again, stress my question. According to my current design model the database structure looks like this: As you can see - it's quite easy to implement database like that. Activity and Follower tables do contain much larger amount of records than the upper level but it's tolerable. But when it comes for me to create a "timeline" table, it becomes a nightmare. For every user I need to reference all the object activities which he follows. In terms of records it easily gets out of control. Please suggest me how to change this structure to avoid timeline creation and also be abel to quickly retrieve activity for any given user. Thanks.

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