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• Generic Data Structure Description Language

  - by Jon Purdy

  I am wondering whether there exists any declarative language for arbitrarily describing the format and semantics of a data structure, that can be compiled to a specific implementation of that structure in any of a set of target languages. That is, something like a generic data definition language but geared toward describing arbitrary data structures such as vectors, lists, trees, etc., and the semantics of operations on those structures. I ask because I had an idea for a feasible implementation of this concept, and I'm just wondering whether it's worth it, and, consequently, whether it's been done before. Another, slightly more abstract question: is there any real difference between the normative specification of a data structure (what it does) and its implementation (how it does it)?

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• How to counter the "one true language" perspective?

  - by Rob Wells

  How do you work with someone when they haven't been able to see that there is a range of other languages out there beyond "The One True Path"? I mean someone who hasn't realised that the modern software professional has a range of tools in his toolbox. The person whose knee jerk reaction is, for example, "We must do this is C++!" "Everything must be done in C++!" What's the best approach to open people up to the fact that "not everything is a nail"? How may I introduce them to having a well-equipped toolbox, selecting the best tool for the job at hand?

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• Difference between 'scope' and 'namespace'?

  - by katriel

  What is the difference, in general, between the concepts of namespaces and scope? To my understanding, both describe the parts of a program in which a variable/object/method/function will be accessible. I understand that 'scope' tends to be a property of the variable (e.g., "This variable has global scope"), while a 'namespace' is a property of the program (e.g., "A Python function creates a local namespace"). Are there other differences? Global scope vs global namespace addresses a slightly narrower question: global namespaces in C++. http://www.alan-g.me.uk/tutor/tutname.htm states, There are a few very subtle differences between the terms but only a Computer Scientist pedant would argue with you, and for our purposes namespace and scope are identical. What are those subtle differences? Under what circumstances or with which kinds of languages do people use each concept?

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• Best design for generating code from an AST?

  - by Sam Washburn

  I'm working on a pretty complex DSL that I want to compile down into a few high level languages. The whole process has been a learning experience. The compiler is written in java. I was wondering if anyone knew a best practice for the design of the code generator portion. I currently have everything parsed into an abstract syntax tree. I was thinking of using a template system, but I haven't researched that direction too far yet as I would like to hear some wisdom first from stack overflow. Thanks!

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• Aspiring Web Developer

  - by ihaveitnow

  Hi guys, I want to be a web developer and mobile web developer...I know HTML Iv done some research and read that XML and XHTML are necessary. Are there any other languages that I need to know? Would knowledge of Flash help me in my quest? I also want to become an Android App developer :) (go open-source!) But thats for a different post. I hope I can make links within this community, thanks for reading and even more for responses.

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• Parsing a website

  - by Phenom

  I want to make a program that takes as user input a website address. The program then goes to that website, downloads it, and then parses the information inside. It outputs a new html file using the information from the website. Specifically, what this program will do is take certain links from the website, and put the links in the output html file, and it will discard everything else. Right now I just want to make it for websites that don't require a login, but later on I want to make it work for sites where you have to login, so it will have to be able to deal with cookies. I'll also want to later on have the program be able to explore certain links and download information from those other sites. What are the best programming languages or tools to do this?

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• Why is the 'if' statement considered evil?

  - by Vadim

  I just came from Simple Design and Testing Conference. In one of the session we were talking about evil keywords in programming languages. Corey Haines, who proposed the subject, was convinced that if statement is absolute evil. His alternative was to create functions with predicates. Can you please explain to me why if is evil. I understand that you can write very ugly code abusing if. But I don't believe that it's that bad.

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• Is there a language designed for code golf?

  - by J S

  I am not really a fan of code golf, but I have to wonder, is there an esoteric language designed for it? I mean a language with following properties: Common programs may be expressed in very short amount of characters It uses ASCII character set effectively (for example, common operators are not identifiers, so they don't have to be separated by whitespace, character usage is distributed more or less evenly because we cannot use Huffman coding and so on) Except the terse syntax, it should have very expressible and clean semantics (like, let's say, Python or Scheme); it shouldn't be difficult to program in It doesn't need features for large scale programs, such as OOP, but it definitely should allow custom functions and data structures It should have a large standard library, identifiers in this library should be as short as possible Maybe it should be called CG? Languages that can be a source of inspiration are Forth, APL and Joy.

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• C++ String manipulation isn't making sense to me...

  - by Andrew Bolster

  I am trying some of the Stanford SEE courses online to learn some new languages; this particular assignment has to do with removing substrings from strings. What I've got so far is below, but if text = "hello hello" and remove ="el", it gets stuck in a loop, but if i change text to text = "hello hllo", it works, making me think I'm doing something obviously stupid. There is a stipulation in the assignment not to modify the incoming strings, and instead to return a new string. string CensorString1(string text, string remove){ string returned; size_t found=0, lastfound=0; found = (text.substr(lastfound,text.size())).find(remove); while (string::npos != found ){ returned += text.substr(lastfound,found); lastfound = found + remove.size(); found = (text.substr(lastfound,text.size())).find(remove); } returned += text.substr(lastfound,found); return returned; } Guidance would be appreciated :-) Thanks

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• If I already know Perl Is Python worth learning?

  - by Garett

  I'm all for learning and continual improving one’s self, and I believe you should have as many tools as possible in your toolbox. However, I was wondering if it was worth it learning Python, since I already know a couple of dynamic interpreted languages, including Perl. My background is mostly C/C++/Java/C#, but I’ve programmed in Perl quite a bit over the years. I recently read Dive Into Python, as well as the tutorial for the Django framework for a new project where Python was suggested. However, I kept finding myself thinking that I can still accomplish much of the same stuff with Perl, so I’m not sure when I would choose a Python approach over one that I’m already familiar with. This is by no means meant to start any kind of language war, and I do recognize that language choice is quite subjective. I just wondering when one would make such a choice.

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• Do you think the AI industry will ever come back?

  - by Isaiah

  I just spent some time reading about the collapse of the AI industry and realized a lot of the reason it failed was because technology was slow to catch up with their theories on when it would be available. I also read that it is believed computers that will be able to emulate human synapses may be made round 2015-2025. It's 2010 now and were getting pretty close to that time frame. I was wondering if anyone thinks that the AI industry will return as the technology lands? And if so, will it change the language market? Could Lisp like languages suddenly experience a burst of growth if it does? Idk I just thought it was interesting thinking about it.

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• Is a function kind of like a static method?

  - by lkm

  I'm a java programmer and am trying to understand the difference between a method (java methods) and a function (such as in c++). I used to think that they are the same, just different naming conventions for different programming languages. But now that I know they are not, I am having trouble understanding the difference. I know that a method relates to an instance of a class and has access to class data (member variables), while a function does not (?). So is a function kind of like a static method? See here for explanations I read which led me to think this.

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• Is there any interesting jobs available for C++ other than device drivers / firmwares developments?

  - by AKN

  Hi, Initially C was used for designing drivers / firmwares and all that. Right now this has been taken over by C++. Ok. Let me not deviate this question. I would like to know where else C++ is being used and how you see its future? You can also list out pros and cons of C++ compared to other languages. Would like to see a healthy and meaningful discussion on C++ current usage and its future?! Cheers! AKN

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• C++0x implementation guesstimates?

  - by dsimcha

  The C++0x standard is on its way to being complete. Until now, I've dabbled in C++, but avoided learning it thoroughly because it seems like it's missing a lot of modern features that I've been spoiled by in other languages. However, I'd be very interested in C++0x, which addresses a lot of my complaints. Any guesstimates, after the standard is ratified, as to how long it will take for major compiler vendors to provide reasonably complete, production-quality implementations? Will it happen soon enough to reverse the decline in C++'s popularity, or is it too little, too late? Do you believe that C++0x will become "the C++" within a few years, or do you believe that most people will stick to the earlier standard in practice and C++0x will be somewhat of a bastard stepchild, kind of like C99?

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• Aside from performance concerns, is Java still chosen over Groovy/JRuby etc.?

  - by yar

  [This is an empirical question about the state-of-the-art: I am NOT asking if Java is cooler or less cool than the dynamic languages that work in the JVM.] Aside from cases where performance is a main decision factor, do companies/developers still willingly chose Java over Groovy, JRuby or JPython? Personal Note: The reason I am asking is that, while I do some subset of my professional work in Ruby (not JRuby, for now), in my personal projects I use Java. While I have written non-trivial apps in Groovy, I prefer Java, but I wonder if I should just get over it and do everything in Groovy. I like Java because I feel that static typing saves me time and aids refactoring. (No, I am not familiar with Scala.) However, I feel that this very empirical, on-topic programming question may inform my decision.

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• Right programing language for developing application for Mac

  - by drasto

  I'm planing to buy Mac. I would like to be able to develop GUI aplication for Mac as well. Currently I develop in C# using VisualStudio as IDE. I also know Java and I'm familiar with NetBeans IDE. Application created in both of this languages can run on Mac (as can NetBeans IDE) but I was told that neither C# nor Java is recomended for MacOS X development. So what language is recomended for MacOS X development ? I guess there is some recomodation from Apple for the developers ? I would prefer Object-oriented easy-to-use programing language (nothing like C) with good IDE that supports GUI creating (GUI designer). Thank you for answers

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• What to do with someone who can only use "the one true language"?

  - by Rob Wells

  G'day, How do you work with someone when they haven't been able to see that there is a range of other languages out there beyond "The One True Path"? I mean someone who hasn't grown up to realise that the modern software professional has a range of tools in his toolbox. Someone who has a well-equipped toolbox and then selects the best tool for the job at hand. The person who's knee jerk reaction is, for example, "We must do this is C++!" "Everything must be done in C++!" What's the best approach for these people? How do you open them up to the fact that "not everything is a nail." cheers,

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• Does fast typing influence fast programming?

  - by Lukasz Lew

  Many young programmers think that their bottleneck is typing speed. After some experience one realizes that it is not the case, you have to think much more than type. At some point my room-mate forced me to turn of the light (he sleeps during the night). I had to learn to touch type and I experienced an actual improvement in programming skill. The most surprising was that the improvement not due to sheer typing speed, but to a change in mindset. I'm less afraid now to try new things and refactor them later if they work well. It's like having a new tool in the bag. Have anyone of you had similar experience? Now I trained a touch typing a little with KTouch. I find auto-generate lessons the best. I can use this program to create new lessons out of text files but it's only verbatim training, not auto-generated based on a language model. Do you know any touch typing program that allows creation of custom, but randomized lessons?

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• Pair programming with tmux and Vagrant

  - by neezer

  Does anyone have a clear step-by-step guide for setting up a shared tmux session on a Vagrant vbox that my coworkers (on our local office lan) could SSH into? The articles I've found online only seem to cover setting this up from machine to machine (no virtualbox setups), and I'm not very good at networking, so I haven't been able to extrapolate a solution... We're all running the latest Macs in our office, btw. Here's one article I've found but haven't been able to get working with Vagrant: http://blog.voxdolo.me/remote-pairing-with-vim-and-tmux.html EDIT: To clarify, I don't really know how I should be setting up Vagrant to allow me to SSH into it from a machine outside the one hosting the VM. The article above suggests that I add the tunnels host on my physical machine running the VM (here-on referred to as the MBP), so I did that. Next is the ProxyCommand host declaration, which I have also assumed should live on the MBP. So next I try SSHing into the MBP from a guest machine (another separate physical machine on my network), and that seems to work... but that only gets me into the MBP, not the Vagrant image running on the MBP. I normally login Vagrant image on the MBP via vagrant ssh (per the docs), and I know how to forward ports on the Vagrant VM to the MBP, but it's unclear to me how I could forward ports/SSH from the MBP to the Vagrant VM, which I assume I would need to do so that my guest machine could SSH in--through the MBP--to my Vagrant image. That, in a nutshell, is what I'm trying to accomplish. I do my development work in Vagrant VMs which keeps my MBP nice and clean of any dev-related cruft and also keeps my dev environments totally isolated from one another, yet I would like to start pair-programming with my coworkers via tmux, thus the reason why I've asked this question. I would like to accomplish all of this without setting up an additional user account on the MBP, or giving my coworkers access to my local user account on the MBP to get to my Vagrant VM, if that's at all possible.

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• How to make a good programming interview?

  - by luckyluke

  I am doing interviews with from time to time to recruit some not bad people. And I really think I AM NOT doing to correct Job. I work in a company when We have to do a lot o DB programming, .NET programming, Java programming, so we need people who are open minded and not focused on a particular tech. Afterall language is a notation, You have to understand what is going under the hood. I ask people about their project, ask them some coding questions (believe me a SQL question involving a CROSS JOIN is hard), let them write some code, ask them about oo design, ask them how they update their knowledge, and stay up to date, do they have FUN when they code (at least sometimes). Hell I even give them a coding solution for home (3 hours max) to see how they think and code. And yet my hit rate at hiring junior member (those who live over the initial 3 months) is just about 33%. So my question, how do YOU make the good interviews, because I think my hit rate is to low? Do you have any best-practices(should be at least 60-70%)? p.s. And i noticed that: the best programmers are lazy, but motivated, just being lazy is not enough:) But people who write the best code are attentive to details:)

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• What are some programming techniques for converting SD images to HD images

  - by Dr Dork

  I'm taking programming class and instructor loves to work with images so most of our assignments involve manipulating raw RGB image data. One of our assignments is to implement a standard image converter that converts SD images to HD images and vice versa. I always take advantage of these types of assignments to go a little beyond what we were asked to do, so I added a basic anti-aliasing process that uses the average pixel color of the 3x3 surrounding pixels to improve the converted image. While it helps a bit, the resulting image still doesn't look good, which is ok because it's not expected to for the assignment. I've learned that converting an SD to HD images has shown to be much harder than down sampling to SD from HD just because SD to HD effectively involves increasing resolution when it is not there. Obviously, it is hard to create pixels from nothing, but I'd like enhance my anti-aliasing to something that provides better results when upscaling an image. Most of the techniques I find and read on the internet are far beyond my level of image processing and programming. Can anybody suggest any better methods or processes to create good HD content from SD content that may be within my programming skill level? I know that's a difficult thing to gauge since you don't know me, but perhaps knowing that I can write c++ code to read in raw RGB data and upscale/downscale it with simple average-anti-aliasing will give you an idea. Thanks in advance for all your help!

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• best PHP programming approach?

  - by Nazmin

  Hello guys, i guess that many of us has acceptable years of experience in PHP programming, me myself got 5 years programming in PHP since in University (not very solid), i just want to gather some suggestion here, what is better approach in PHP OOP? Since there is a lot of PHP framework out there as well as javascript framework, can anyone share their experience in using one of them as well as using both of the PHP and javascript framework together especially for developing enterprise system? (my company want to start using framework, ISP company) if someone has his/her own framework or class or php file so on and so forth, mind to share? now I've only database connection class. I've never use any php framework before, just jquery as javascript framework, my company has a messed up of programming approach because they did not actually a software house, so all the files are scattered across the server, I see that there are some question before about the framework but i just want to know you all approaches on OOP and in developing massive web apps using PHP, or maybe someone kind enough to share their solid written class. Also pro's and con's of all this things. Thanks in advance.

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• career in Mobile sw/Application Development [closed]

  - by pramod

  i m planning to do a course on Wireless & mobile computing.The syllabus are given below.Please check & let me know whether its worth to do.How is the job prospects after that.I m a fresher & from electronic Engg.The modules are- *Wireless and Mobile Computing (WiMC) – Modules* C, C++ Programming and Data Structures 100 Hours C Revision C, C++ programming tools on linux(Vi editor, gdb etc.) OOP concepts Programming constructs Functions Access Specifiers Classes and Objects Overloading Inheritance Polymorphism Templates Data Structures in C++ Arrays, stacks, Queues, Linked Lists( Singly, Doubly, Circular) Trees, Threaded trees, AVL Trees Graphs, Sorting (bubble, Quick, Heap , Merge) System Development Methodology 18 Hours Software life cycle and various life cycle models Project Management Software: A Process Various Phases in s/w Development Risk Analysis and Management Software Quality Assurance Introduction to Coding Standards Software Project Management Testing Strategies and Tactics Project Management and Introduction to Risk Management Java Programming 110 Hours Data Types, Operators and Language Constructs Classes and Objects, Inner Classes and Inheritance Inheritance Interface and Package Exceptions Threads Java.lang Java.util Java.awt Java.io Java.applet Java.swing XML, XSL, DTD Java n/w programming Introduction to servlet Mobile and Wireless Technologies 30 Hours Basics of Wireless Technologies Cellular Communication: Single cell systems, multi-cell systems, frequency reuse, analog cellular systems, digital cellular systems GSM standard: Mobile Station, BTS, BSC, MSC, SMS sever, call processing and protocols CDMA standard: spread spectrum technologies, 2.5G and 3G Systems: HSCSD, GPRS, W-CDMA/UMTS,3GPP and international roaming, Multimedia services CDMA based cellular mobile communication systems Wireless Personal Area Networks: Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11a/b/g standards Mobile Handset Device Interfacing: Data Cables, IrDA, Bluetooth, Touch- Screen Interfacing Wireless Security, Telemetry Java Wireless Programming and Applications Development(J2ME) 100 Hours J2ME Architecture The CLDC and the KVM Tools and Development Process Classification of CLDC Target Devices CLDC Collections API CLDC Streams Model MIDlets MIDlet Lifecycle MIDP Programming MIDP Event Architecture High-Level Event Handling Low-Level Event Handling The CLDC Streams Model The CLDC Networking Package The MIDP Implementation Introduction to WAP, WML Script and XHTML Introduction to Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) Symbian Programming 60 Hours Symbian OS basics Symbian OS services Symbian OS organization GUI approaches ROM building Debugging Hardware abstraction Base porting Symbian OS reference design porting File systems Overview of Symbian OS Development – DevKits, CustKits and SDKs CodeWarrior Tool Application & UI Development Client Server Framework ECOM STDLIB in Symbian iPhone Programming 80 Hours Introducing iPhone core specifications Understanding iPhone input and output Designing web pages for the iPhone Capturing iPhone events Introducing the webkit CSS transforms transitions and animations Using iUI for web apps Using Canvas for web apps Building web apps with Dashcode Writing Dashcode programs Debugging iPhone web pages SDK programming for web developers An introduction to object-oriented programming Introducing the iPhone OS Using Xcode and Interface builder Programming with the SDK Toolkit OS Concepts & Linux Programming 60 Hours Operating System Concepts What is an OS? Processes Scheduling & Synchronization Memory management Virtual Memory and Paging Linux Architecture Programming in Linux Linux Shell Programming Writing Device Drivers Configuring and Building GNU Cross-tool chain Configuring and Compiling Linux Virtual File System Porting Linux on Target Hardware WinCE.NET and Database Technology 80 Hours Execution Process in .NET Environment Language Interoperability Assemblies Need of C# Operators Namespaces & Assemblies Arrays Preprocessors Delegates and Events Boxing and Unboxing Regular Expression Collections Multithreading Programming Memory Management Exceptions Handling Win Forms Working with database ASP .NET Server Controls and client-side scripts ASP .NET Web Server Controls Validation Controls Principles of database management Need of RDBMS etc Client/Server Computing RDBMS Technologies Codd’s Rules Data Models Normalization Techniques ER Diagrams Data Flow Diagrams Database recovery & backup SQL Android Application 80 Hours Introduction of android Why develop for android Android SDK features Creating android activities Fundamental android UI design Intents, adapters, dialogs Android Technique for saving data Data base in Androids Maps, Geocoding, Location based services Toast, using alarms, Instant messaging Using blue tooth Using Telephony Introducing sensor manager Managing network and wi-fi connection Advanced androids development Linux kernel security Implement AIDL Interface. Project 120 Hours

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• Can someone clarify what this Joel On Software quote means?

  - by Bob

  I was reading Joel On Software today and ran across this quote: Without understanding functional programming, you can't invent MapReduce, the algorithm that makes Google so massively scalable. The terms Map and Reduce come from Lisp and functional programming. MapReduce is, in retrospect, obvious to anyone who remembers from their 6.001-equivalent programming class that purely functional programs have no side effects and are thus trivially parallelizable. What does he mean when he says functional programs have no side effects? And how does this make parallelizing trivial?

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• C# Projects for study

  - by Chandra

  I need to learn C# for my Internship. I would not like to start programming top down reading a Ebook. I would like to set a Goal for myself and then try to achieve it Programmatically. So, I am here to ask your help, if you could suggest me some interesting projects which will help me in Learning C# efficiently and quickly. I have previous programming experience, programming in C,C++ and Matlab. Thanks for your time Chandra

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