I'm reading Thinking in C++ (vol. 2):

Whenever a function is called, information about that function is pushed onto the runtime stack in an activation record instance (ARI), also called a stack frame. A typical stack frame contains (1) the address of the calling function (so execution can return to it), (2) a pointer to the ARI of the function’s static parent (the scope that lexically contains the called function, so variables global to the function can be accessed), and (3) a pointer to the function that called it (its dynamic parent). The path that logically results from repetitively following the dynamic parent links is the dynamic chain, or call chain

I'm unable to comprehend what the author means as function's static and dynamic parent. Also am not able to differentiate between item 1, 2 or 3. They all seem to be the same. Can someone please explain this passage to me?