Class hierarchy problem (with generic's variance!)

Posted by devoured elysium on Stack Overflow See other posts from Stack Overflow or by devoured elysium
Published on 2010-04-26T23:31:06Z Indexed on 2010/04/26 23:33 UTC
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The problem:

class StatesChain : IState, IHasStateList {
    private TasksChain tasks = new TasksChain();

     ...

    public IList<IState> States {
        get { return _taskChain.Tasks; }
    }

    IList<ITask> IHasTasksCollection.Tasks {
        get { return _taskChain.Tasks; } <-- ERROR! You can't do this in C#!
                                             I want to return an IList<ITask> from
                                             an IList<IStates>.
    }
}

Assuming the IList returned will be read-only, I know that what I'm trying to achieve is safe (or is it not?). Is there any way I can accomplish what I'm trying? I wouldn't want to try to implement myself the TasksChain algorithm (again!), as it would be error prone and would lead to code duplication. Maybe I could just define an abstract Chain and then implement both TasksChain and StatesChain from there? Or maybe implementing a Chain<T> class?

How would you approach this situation?

The Details: I have defined an ITask interface:

public interface ITask {
    bool Run();
    ITask FailureTask { get; }
}

and a IState interface that inherits from ITask:

public interface IState : ITask {
    IState FailureState { get; }
}

I have also defined an IHasTasksList interface:

interface IHasTasksList {
    List<Tasks> Tasks { get; }
}

and an IHasStatesList:

interface IHasTasksList {
    List<Tasks> States { get; }
}

Now, I have defined a TasksChain, that is a class that has some code logic that will manipulate a chain of tasks (beware that TasksChain is itself a kind of ITask!):

class TasksChain : ITask, IHasTasksList {
    IList<ITask> tasks = new List<ITask>();

    ...

    public List<ITask> Tasks { get { return _tasks; } }

    ...
}

I am implementing a State the following way:

public class State : IState {
    private readonly TaskChain _taskChain = new TaskChain();

    public State(Precondition precondition, Execution execution) {
        _taskChain.Tasks.Add(precondition);
        _taskChain.Tasks.Add(execution);
    }

    public bool Run() {
        return _taskChain.Run();
    }

    public IState FailureState {
        get { return (IState)_taskChain.Tasks[0].FailureTask; }
    }

    ITask ITask.FailureTask {
        get { return FailureState; }
    }
}

which, as you can see, makes use of explicit interface implementations to "hide" FailureTask and instead show FailureState property.

The problem comes from the fact that I also want to define a StatesChain, that inherits both from IState and IHasStateList (and that also imples ITask and IHasTaskList, implemented as explicit interfaces) and I want it to also hide IHasTaskList's Tasks and only show IHasStateList's States. (What is contained in "The problem" section should really be after this, but I thought puting it first would be way more reader friendly).

(pff..long text) Thanks!

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