Help me understand Inorder Traversal without using recursion

Posted by vito on Stack Overflow See other posts from Stack Overflow or by vito
Published on 2010-01-22T10:44:42Z Indexed on 2010/05/08 21:28 UTC
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I am able to understand preorder traversal without using recursion, but I'm having a hard time with inorder traversal. I just don't seem to get it, perhaps, because I haven't understood the inner working of recursion.

This is what I've tried so far:

def traverseInorder(node):
    lifo = Lifo()
    lifo.push(node)
    while True:
        if node is None:
            break
        if node.left is not None:
            lifo.push(node.left)
            node = node.left
            continue
        prev = node
        while True:
            if node is None:
                break
            print node.value
            prev = node
            node = lifo.pop()
        node = prev
        if node.right is not None:
            lifo.push(node.right)
            node = node.right
        else:
            break

The inner while-loop just doesn't feel right. Also, some of the elements are getting printed twice; may be I can solve this by checking if that node has been printed before, but that requires another variable, which, again, doesn't feel right. Where am I going wrong?

I haven't tried postorder traversal, but I guess it's similar and I will face the same conceptual blockage there, too.

Thanks for your time!

P.S.: Definitions of Lifo and Node:

class Node:
    def __init__(self, value, left=None, right=None):
        self.value = value
        self.left = left
        self.right = right

class Lifo:
    def __init__(self):
        self.lifo = ()
    def push(self, data):
        self.lifo = (data, self.lifo)
    def pop(self):
        if len(self.lifo) == 0:
            return None
        ret, self.lifo = self.lifo
        return ret

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