According to their release notes, the Xerial SQLite JDBC driver supports foreign keys since version 3.6.20.1. I have tried some time now to get a foreign key constraint to be enforced, but to no avail. Here is what I came up with:

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
       Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");

       SQLiteConfig config = new SQLiteConfig();
       config.enforceForeignKeys(true);
       Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite::memory:", config.toProperties());

       connection.createStatement().executeUpdate(
               "CREATE TABLE artist(" +
               "artistid    INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, " +
                "artistname  TEXT);");
       connection.createStatement().executeUpdate(
               "CREATE TABLE track("+
                       "trackid     INTEGER," + 
                       "trackname   TEXT," + 
                       "trackartist INTEGER," +
                       "FOREIGN KEY(trackartist) REFERENCES artist(artistid)" +
                ");");
       connection.createStatement().executeUpdate(
               "INSERT INTO track VALUES(14, 'Mr. Bojangles', 3)");
}

The table definitions are taken directly from the sample in the SQLite documentation. This is supposed to fail, but it doesn't. I also checked, and it really inserts the tuple (no ignore or something like that).

Does anyone have any experience with that, or knows how to make it work?