I have scripts that have one-liners or sort scripts from other languages within them. How can I have LaTeX listings detect this and change the syntax formating language withing the script? This would be especially useful for awk withing bash I believe.

Bash

#!/bin/bash
... # usage message to catch bad input without invoking R
... # any bash pre-processing of input
... # etc
echo "hello world"

R --vanilla << EOF
# Data on motor octane ratings for various gasoline blends
x <- c(88.5,87.7,83.4,86.7,87.5,91.5,88.6,100.3,
95.6,93.3,94.7,91.1,91.0,94.2,87.5,89.9,
88.3,87.6,84.3,86.7,88.2,90.8,88.3,98.8,
94.2,92.7,93.2,91.0,90.3,93.4,88.5,90.1,
89.2,88.3,85.3,87.9,88.6,90.9,89.0,96.1,
93.3,91.8,92.3,90.4,90.1,93.0,88.7,89.9,
89.8,89.6,87.4,88.9,91.2,89.3,94.4,92.7,
91.8,91.6,90.4,91.1,92.6,89.8,90.6,91.1,
90.4,89.3,89.7,90.3,91.6,90.5,93.7,92.7,
92.2,92.2,91.2,91.0,92.2,90.0,90.7)
x
length(x)
mean(x);var(x)
stem(x)
EOF

perl -n -e '
@t = split(/\t/);
%t2 = map { $_ => 1 } split(/,/,$t[1]);
$t[1] = join(",",keys %t2);
print join("\t",@t); ' knownGeneFromUCSC.txt

awk -F'\t' '{
  n = split($2, t, ","); _2 = x
  split(x, _) # use delete _ if supported
  for (i = 0; ++i <= n;)
    _[t[i]]++ || _2 = _2 ? _2 "," t[i] : t[i]
  $2 = _2 
  }-3' OFS='\t' infile

Python

#!/usr/local/bin/python
print "Hello World"
os.system("""
VAR=even;
sed -i "s/$VAR/odd/" testfile;
for i in `cat testfile` ;
do echo $i; done;
echo "now the tr command is removing the vowels";
cat testfile |tr 'aeiou' ' '
""")