So I started learning C today, and as an exercise i was told to write a program that asks the user for numbers until they type a 0, then adds the even ones and the odd ones together. Here is is (don't laugh at my bad style):

#include <stdio.h>;

int main() {
    int esum = 0, osum = 0;
    int n, mod;

    puts("Please enter some numbers, 0 to terminate:");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    while (n != 0) {
        mod = n % 2;
        switch(mod) {
        case 0:
            esum += n;
            break;
        case 1:
            osum += n;
        }
        scanf("%d", &n);
    }
    printf("The sum of evens:%d,\t The sum of odds:%d", esum, osum);
    return 0;
}

My question concerns the mechanics of the scanf() function. It seems that when you enter several numbers at once separated by spaces (eg. 1 22 34 2 8), the scanf() function somehow remembers each distinct numbers in the line, and steps through the while loop for each one respectively. Why/how does this happen?

Example interaction within command prompt:

-> Please enter some numbers, 0 to terminate:
42 8 77 23 11 (enter)
0 (enter)
-> The sum of evens:50, The sum of odds:111

I'm running the program through the command prompt, it's compiled for win32 platforms with visual studio.