Base information: This is in context to the indexing process of OpenStreetMap data. To simplify the question: the core information is divided into 3 main types with value "W", "R", "N" (VARCHAR(1)).

The table has somewhere around ~75M rows, all columns with "W" make up ~42M rows. Existing indexes are not relevant to this question.

Now the question itself: The indexing of the data is done via an procedure. Inside this procedure, there are some loops that do the following:

[...] SELECT * FROM table WHERE the_key = "W"; [...]

The results get looped again and the above query itself is also in a loop. This takes a lot of time and slows down the process massivly. An indexon the_key is obviously useless since all the values that the index might use are the same ("W"). The script itself is running with a speed that is OK, only the SELECTing takes very long.

Do I

• need to create a "special" kind of index that takes this into account and makes the SELECT quicker? If so, which one?
• need to tune some of the server parameters (they are already tuned and the result that they deliver seem to be good. If needed, I can post them)?
• have to live with the speed and simply get more hardware to gain more power (Tim Taylor grunt grunt)?

Any alternatives to the above points (except rewriting it or not using it)?