I have a table essentially:

name         has_children      parent_id    row_id values0.....valuesn
parent       1                 1            1
children     0                 1            2
children     0                 1            3
parent       0                 4            4
parent       1                 5            5
children     0                 5            6
children     0                 5            7

the values for the children can be different than the values for the parent. i want some selects/joins that will filter the table on a value column (i.e. >10) and will return the parent (even if false for the filter) if one of it's children is true for the filter.

acceptable return:
parent=true    all children=false, return just parent
parent=false   >=1 children=true, return parent and one non-filtered child

i'm sure this has been thought about before but i don't have the faintest idea how to phrase the question to find a solution.