Following on from this question, which I have partially answered.

I compile this console app in x64 Release Mode, with optimizations on, and run it from the command line without a debugger attached.

using System; 
using System.Diagnostics;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var stopwatch = new Stopwatch();

        var ternary = Looper(10, Ternary);
        var normal = Looper(10, Normal);

        if (ternary != normal)            {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        stopwatch.Start();
        ternary = Looper(10000000, Ternary);
        stopWatch.Stop();
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Ternary took {0}ms", 
            stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);

        stopwatch.Start();
        normal = Looper(10000000, Normal);
        stopWatch.Stop();
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Normal took {0}ms", 
            stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds);

        if (ternary != normal)            {
            throw new Exception();
        }

        Console.ReadKey();
    }

    static int Looper(int iterations, Func<bool, int, int> operation)
    {
        var result = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
        {
            var condition = result % 11 == 4;
            var value = ((i * 11) / 3) % 5;
            result = operation(condition, value);
        }

        return result;
    }

    static int Ternary(bool condition, in value)
    {
        return value + (condition ? 2 : 1);
    }

    static int Normal(int iterations)
    {
        if (condition)
        {
            return = 2 + value;
        }

        return = 1 + value;
    }
}

I don't get any exceptions and the output to the console is somthing close to,

Ternary took 107ms

Normal took 230ms

When I break down the CIL for the two logical functions I get this,

... Ternary ...
{
     : ldarg.1      // push second arg
     : ldarg.0      // push first arg
     : brtrue.s T   // if first arg is true jump to T
     : ldc.i4.1     // push int32(1)
     : br.s F       // jump to F
    T: ldc.i4.2     // push int32(2)
    F: add          // add either 1 or 2 to second arg
     : ret          // return result
}

... Normal ...
{
     : ldarg.0      // push first arg
     : brfalse.s F  // if first arg is false jump to F
     : ldc.i4.2     // push int32(2)
     : ldarg.1      // push second arg
     : add          // add second arg to 2
     : ret          // return result
    F: ldc.i4.1     // push int32(1)
     : ldarg.1      // push second arg
     : add          // add second arg to 1
     : ret          // return result
}

Whilst the Ternary CIL is a little shorter, it seems to me that the execution path through the CIL for either function takes 3 loads and 1 or 2 jumps and a return. Why does the Ternary function appear to be twice as fast.

I underdtand that, in practice, they are both very quick and indeed, quich enough but, I would like to understand the discrepancy.