Why is this beat detection code failing to register some beats properly?

Posted by Quincy on Game Development See other posts from Game Development or by Quincy
Published on 2011-03-17T16:10:07Z Indexed on 2012/10/16 23:23 UTC
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I made this SoundAnalyzer class to detect beats in songs:

class SoundAnalyzer
{
    public SoundBuffer soundData;
    public Sound sound;
    public List<double> beatMarkers = new List<double>();

    public SoundAnalyzer(string path)
    {
        soundData = new SoundBuffer(path);
        sound = new Sound(soundData);
    }

    // C = threshold, N = size of history buffer / 1024  B = bands
    public void PlaceBeatMarkers(float C, int N, int B)
    {
        List<double>[] instantEnergyList = new List<double>[B];
        GetEnergyList(B, ref instantEnergyList);
        for (int i = 0; i < B; i++)
        {
            PlaceMarkers(instantEnergyList[i], N, C);
        }
        beatMarkers.Sort();
    }

    private short[] getRange(int begin, int end, short[] array)
    {
        short[] result = new short[end - begin];
        for (int i = 0; i < end - begin; i++)
        {
            result[i] = array[begin + i];
        }
        return result;
    }

    // get a array of with a list of energy for each band
    private void GetEnergyList(int B, ref List<double>[] instantEnergyList)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < B; i++)
        {
            instantEnergyList[i] = new List<double>();
        }
        short[] samples = soundData.Samples;

        float timePerSample = 1 / (float)soundData.SampleRate;
        int sampleIndex = 0;
        int nextSamples = 1024;
        int samplesPerBand = nextSamples / B;

        // for the whole song
        while (sampleIndex + nextSamples < samples.Length)
        {
            complex[] FFT = FastFourier.Calculate(getRange(sampleIndex, nextSamples + sampleIndex, samples));
            // foreach band
            for (int i = 0; i < B; i++)
            {
                double energy = 0;
                for (int j = 0; j < samplesPerBand; j++)
                    energy += FFT[i * samplesPerBand + j].GetMagnitude();

                energy /= samplesPerBand;
                instantEnergyList[i].Add(energy);

            }

            if (sampleIndex + nextSamples >= samples.Length)
                nextSamples = samples.Length - sampleIndex - 1;
            sampleIndex += nextSamples;
            samplesPerBand = nextSamples / B;
        }
    }

    // place the actual markers
    private void PlaceMarkers(List<double> instantEnergyList, int N, float C)
    {
        double timePerSample = 1 / (double)soundData.SampleRate;
        int index = N;
        int numInBuffer = index;
        double historyBuffer = 0;

        //Fill the history buffer with n * instant energy
        for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)
        {
            historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[i];
        }

        // If instantEnergy / samples in buffer < instantEnergy for the next sample then add beatmarker.
        while (index + 1 < instantEnergyList.Count)
        {
            if(instantEnergyList[index + 1] > (historyBuffer / numInBuffer) * C)
                beatMarkers.Add((index + 1) * 1024 * timePerSample); 
            historyBuffer -= instantEnergyList[index - numInBuffer];
            historyBuffer += instantEnergyList[index + 1];
            index++;
        }
    }
}

For some reason it's only detecting beats from 637 sec to around 641 sec, and I have no idea why. I know the beats are being inserted from multiple bands since I am finding duplicates, and it seems that it's assigning a beat to each instant energy value in between those values.

It's modeled after this: http://www.flipcode.com/misc/BeatDetectionAlgorithms.pdf

So why won't the beats register properly?

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