I understand that a resource with X-Robots-Tag: noindex forces some search engines, including Google, not to index the resource further. I also understand that an HTTP 301 response causes search engines to use the redirected URL instead of the original URL to refer to the resource.

But what happens if both "X-Robots-Tag: noindex" and status code 301 occur on the same response? It's likely that the original URL will no longer be indexed, but will that cause the redirected URL to no longer be indexed too? This possibility is not mentioned in the X-Robots-Tag specification.