For SEO purposes I need to rename around 150.000 images, then I'd like to permanently redirect the previous url locations requests to the new locations.

The current url to every image is something like:

website.com/something/unique_id/filename.jpg

And I want to redirect them to:

website.com/something/unique_id/new_filename.jpg

I can only think about 2 options:

1) Create an enormous list of redirects to include into my nginx's conf file.

2) Redirect those requests to something like "website.com/new_location/unique_id" that will redirect the request again to the new path.

There are other, better, options?

Should I avoid multiple 301 redirects?

Will crawlers downgrade my rankings because of multiple redirects?