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  • eCryptFS: How to mount a backup of an encrypted home dir?

    - by Boldewyn
    I use eCryptFS to encrypt the home directory of my laptop. My backup script copies the encrypted files to a server (together with everything else in (home/.ecryptfs). How can I mount the encrypted files of the backup? I'd like to verify that I can do that, and that everything is in place. My naive try with mount -t ecryptfs /backup/home/.ecryptfs/boldewyn /mnt/test didn't work, eCryptFS wanted to create a new partition.

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  • eCryptFS: How to mount a backup of an encrypted home dir?

    - by Boldewyn
    I use eCryptFS to encrypt the home directory of my laptop. My backup script copies the encrypted files to a server (together with everything else in (home/.ecryptfs). How can I mount the encrypted files of the backup? I'd like to verify that I can do that, and that everything is in place. My naive try with mount -t ecryptfs /backup/home/.ecryptfs/boldewyn /mnt/test didn't work, eCryptFS wanted to create a new partition.

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  • Vim: Copy selection

    - by Boldewyn
    Having a chunk of text selected in Vim's visual mode, I'd like to copy that to the system's clipboard (be it the primary or X11's). Is there an easy solution for this? Obviously, a simple y doesn't do the trick.

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  • Lilypond: Is there a way to auto-crop the paper

    - by Boldewyn
    In Lilypond the paper size can be set to A4, A5, Letter and so forth. However I have only a short song, and I want to embed it lateron. Therefore the output from Lilypond must be cropped somehow. Is there a possibility to let Lilypond itself do this? Some setting to the \paper{} block, perhaps?

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  • Mapped commands in VIM starting with a Comma

    - by Boldewyn
    In my .vimrc, I defined this line: map ,ps <Esc>:!ps<Space>-a<CR> The mapping is set (which I controlled via :verbose map ,ps while inside vim). There is nothing else mapped to the comma. However, if I type the command in command mode, nothing is displayed in the status bar, the comma is ignored, the p movement and the s insert are triggered. (I.e., VIM reacts, as if there was no command ,ps.) Is there any magic that I have overlooked in enabling comma-started mapped commands?

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  • How to change key mappings in Cygwin's Vim

    - by Boldewyn
    I'm using Vim under Debian, Win Vista and WinXP (the latter two with Cygwin). To handle tabs more easily, I mapped <C-Left> and <C-Right> to :tab(prev|next). This mapping works like a charm on the Debian machine. On the Windows machines, however, pressing <C-Left> deletes 5 lines, as far as I can tell, and meddles with cursor position, while <C-Right> does this, too, and additionally enters Insert mode. Question: To put it in a nutshell, how can I find out, why Vim behaves as it does? Is there a way to backtrace the active commands and keystrokes? Could there be a plugin the culprit? (I didn't install one, perhaps a default include by the Cygwin distro...) If so, how can I find it? Edit 1: OK, it seems, that I got a first trace: The terminal sends for <C-Left> '^[[1;5D', and for right '^[[1;5C' (evaluated with the <C-V><C-Left> trick). If vim interprets this literally and discards the first characters, it explains the strange behaviour. Any ideas, how I could change this key mapping? Additional Diagnosis: This behaviour occurs regardless of any existing ~/.vimrc file (is therefore not related to my above mentioned mapings) and is not inherited of some /etc/vim/vimrc, since this doesn't exist in the default Cygwin installation. :verbose map doesn't yield any new insights. Either nothing or my mentioned mappings appear, based on the existence of the .vimrc file :help <C-Left> suggests, that the default would be a simple cursor movement, which is apparently not the case. Vim's version under Cygwin: VIM - Vi IMproved 7.2 (2008 Aug 9, compiled Feb 11 2010 17:36:58) Included patches: 1-264 Compiled by http://cygwin.com/ Huge version without GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent -clientserver -clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +cryptv +cscope +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() -gettext -hangul_input +iconv +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape +mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm +mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme -netbeans_intg -osfiletype +path_extra -perl +postscript +printer +profile -python +quickfix +reltime +rightleft -ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard -xterm_save system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc" fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim" Compilation: gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 Linking: gcc -L/usr/local/lib -o vim.exe -lm -lncurses -liconv

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  • How to find out Vim's currently mapped commandos

    - by Boldewyn
    I'm using Vim under Debian, Win Vista and WinXP (the latter two with Cygwin). To handle tabs more easily, I mapped <C-Left> and <C-Right> to :tab(prev|next). This mapping works like a charm on the Debian machine. On the Windows machines, however, pressing <C-Left> deletes 5 lines, as far as I can tell, and meddles with cursor position, while <C-Right> does this, too, and additionally enters Insert mode. Question: To put it in a nutshell, how can I find out, why Vim behaves as it does? Is there a way to backtrace the active commands and keystrokes? Could there be a plugin the culprit? (I didn't install one, perhaps a default include by the Cygwin distro...) If so, how can I find it? Additional Diagnosis: This behaviour occurs regardless of any existing ~/.vimrc file (is therefore not related to my above mentioned mapings) and is not inherited of some /etc/vim/vimrc, since this doesn't exist in the default Cygwin installation. :verbose map doesn't yield any new insights. Either nothing or my mentioned mappings appear, based on the existence of the .vimrc file :help <C-Left> suggests, that the default would be a simple cursor movement, which is apparently not the case. Vim's version under Cygwin: VIM - Vi IMproved 7.2 (2008 Aug 9, compiled Feb 11 2010 17:36:58) Included patches: 1-264 Compiled by http://cygwin.com/ Huge version without GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent -clientserver -clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +cryptv +cscope +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() -gettext -hangul_input +iconv +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape +mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm +mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme -netbeans_intg -osfiletype +path_extra -perl +postscript +printer +profile -python +quickfix +reltime +rightleft -ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard -xterm_save system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc" fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim" Compilation: gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 Linking: gcc -L/usr/local/lib -o vim.exe -lm -lncurses -liconv

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  • Using screen, commands like less and man don't clear the screen afterwards

    - by Boldewyn
    In contrast to this question I want the clearing of the screen re-enabled for less. It works fine in my xterm terminal under Cygwin/mintty or Gnome Terminal (both xterms). However, when inside a screen session, the clearing of the screen is somehow disabled. I tried several things, like screen -T xterm or putting the autonuke statement in my ~/.screenrc. Also, inside the screen session export TERM=xterm tset has no effect. So, now I'm out of ideas. Any help appreciated.

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  • How to remove NTFS system files from a previous Vista installation

    - by Boldewyn
    I'm trying to shrink my system partition under Win Vista. It's all fine, except that in front of the last 300MB of the volume sits a single file, that cannot be moved by defrag or other means from its position. It's called C:\$Extend\$UsnJrnl:$J, and my assumtion is, that it is left from a previous installation of Vista, when I re-set up the system. Now, googling for this kind of files brings interesting results, but no solution to my problem: Files left on the disk can become ownerless in a new setup of Windows and inaccessible (even for administrators). To be able to access them again, I found the tip to use takeown to re-assign them to the Admin group (or anyone else). Works like a charm for normal files, but not for the C:\$Extend stuff. The C:\$Extend folder is a system folder of the NTFS file system, where the journal is stored (especially in a file called $UsnJrnl:$Data, whose name is surprisingly close to mine). You can delete the journal with fsutil usn /delete C:, however, this doesn't work from within the booted system (as I found out trying). Also, I'm not quite sure of the side effects. You can't move the NTFS own files with standard defrag tools. The same holds, by the way, for not accessible files. Every bit of knowledge out there is targeted to either not accessible files or the $Extend NTFS stuff, but noone addresses my problem involving both, an inaccessible system file. Question: How can I remove this file, or at least how can I move it on the disk?

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  • How can I add config options for a specific hostname outside <VirtualHost>?

    - by Boldewyn
    I'm using Apache 2.2 and let it serve domains foo.example.com and bar.example.com with <VirtualHost> statements: <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerName foo.example.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerName bar.example.com </VirtualHost> My problem is, that I need to add configuration options, that are only targeted at foo.example.com, in a separate file (let's say, /etc/apache/sites-enabled/foo.conf). This file will be included, before the VirtualHost statement is issued, but it can't be embedded inside it. Can I (and if yes, how) target configuration settings to foo.example.com requests only, outside the VirtualHost container?

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  • Windows' "open with" with java and a jar file

    - by Boldewyn
    I use the rest-client to test REST APIs. It is basically just a .jar file, that is called via java -jar rest-client.jar. The rest-client uses two file extensions, in my case .rcq, to store data in files. I want to let the explorer open .rcq files with java -jar rest-client.jar <infile>, however, if I configure it (via GUI) to use the JAR alone, it obviously doesn't work. I'd be fine with touching HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT for this, as well, but don't know the exact syntax. By the way: It's WinXP.

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  • Highlight identical strings in vi(m)

    - by Boldewyn
    One feature of Notepad++, which I find really useful and haven't found elsewhere, is the highlighting of other text that is identical to the one currently selected. Is there something similar possible with vi(m)? (Of course, there is. But how do I achieve it?) That is, any of those: If I am in Visual Mode and have text selected: Highlight identical text If I have searched /foo, highlight all instances of foo. If I am at the beginning of a string (series of characters, numbers or underscores), highlight all other matching strings (prefered solution). The last one is similar to the closing parentheses matching and IMHO the most useful. Edit: For my second use case, I found a solution (that is, Google found it...): :set hls However, the others remain.

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  • Dividing with Gnu's bc

    - by Boldewyn
    I'm just starting with Gnu's bc and I'm stuck at the very beginning (very discouraging...). I want to divide two numbers and get a float as result: $bc bc 1.06.94 Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2004, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. For details type `warranty'. 15/12 1 15.0/12.0 1 15.000000/12.000000 1 scale(15.00000) 5 The man page says, that division returns a number with the same scale as the initial values. Obviously this is either not true or I'm missing something. Googling hasn't brought up any new insights (besides that 'BC' can also stand for 'British Columbia'). Do you see my error? Better yet, do you know any good references/tutorials to bc?

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  • Tar and gzip together, but the other way round?

    - by Boldewyn
    Gzipping a tar file as whole is drop dead easy and even implemented as option inside tar. So far, so good. However, from an archiver's point of view, it would be better to tar the gzipped single files. (The rationale behind it is, that data loss is minified, if there is a single corrupt gzipped file, than if your whole tarball is corrupted due to gzip or copy errors.) Has anyone experience with this? Are there drawbacks? Are there more solid/tested solutions for this than find folder -exec gzip '{}' \; tar cf folder.tar folder

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  • Tar an gzip together, but the other way round?

    - by Boldewyn
    Gzipping a tar file as whole is drop dead easy and even implemented as option inside tar. So far, so good. However, from an archiver's point of view, it would be better to tar the gzipped single files. (The rationale behind it is, that data loss is minified, if there is a single corrupt gzipped file, than if your whole tarball is corrupted due to gzip or copy errors.) Has anyone experience with this? Are there drawbacks? Are there more solid/tested solutions for this than find folder -exec gzip '{}' \; tar cf folder.tar folder

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  • Django users and authentication from external source

    - by Boldewyn
    I have a Django app that gets it's data completely from an external source (queried via HTTP). That is, I don't have the option for a local database. Session data is stored in the cache (on my development server I use a SQLite database, so that is no error source). I'm using bleeding edge Django 1.1svn. Enter the problem: I want to use Django's own authentication system for the users. It seems quite simple to write my own Authentication Backend, but always just under the condition that you have a local database where to save the users. Without database my main problem is persistence. I tried it with the following (assume that datasource.get() is a function that returns some kind of dict): class ModelBackend (object): """Login backend.""" def authenticate (self, username=None, password=None): """Check, if a given user/password combination is valid""" data = datasource.get ('login', username, password) if data and data['ok']: return MyUser (username=username) else: raise TypeError return None def get_user (self, username): """get data about a specific user""" try: data = datasource.get ('userdata', username) if data and data['ok']: return data.user except: pass return None class MyUser (User): """Django user who isn't saved in DB""" def save (self): return None But the intentionally missing save() method on MyUser seems to break the session storage of a login. How should MyUser look like without a local database?

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  • Searching for a semantic syntax highlighter in Javascript

    - by Boldewyn
    OK, I know, there are literally dozens of already available syntax highlighters out there. But I want one specifically, that implements line numbers through <ol/> lists. And that reduces the number of possible candidates to one, Lighter.js. Unfortunately, that is MooTools based, and since I decided some time ago to use jQuery, I don't want to embed yet another library just for syntax highlighting. The SyntaxHighlighter does something similar, but uses tables for the line numbering, and I don't want to hack it, if there is an already available tool, too.

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  • How to access CSS generated content with JavaScript

    - by Boldewyn
    I generate the numbering of my headers and figures with CSS's counter and content properties: img.figure:after { counter-increment: figure; content: "Fig. " counter(section) "." counter(figure); } This (appropriate browser assumed) gives a nice labelling "Fig. 1.1", "Fig. 1.2" and so on following any image. Question: How can I access this from Javascript? The question is twofold in that I'd like to access either the current value of a certain counter (at a certain DOM node) or the value of the CSS generated content (at a certain DOM node) or, obviously, both information. Background: I'd like to append to links back-referencing to figures the appropriate number, like this: <a href="#fig1">see here</h> ------------------------^ " (Fig 1.1)" inserted via JS As far as I can see, it boils down to this problem: I could access content or counter via getComputedStyle: var fig_content = window.getComputedStyle( document.getElementById('fig-a'), ':after').content; However, this is not the live value, but the one declared in the stylesheet. I cannot find any interface to access the real live value.

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  • Performance of tokenizing CSS in PHP

    - by Boldewyn
    This is a noob question from someone who hasn't written a parser/lexer ever before. I'm writing a tokenizer/parser for CSS in PHP (please don't repeat with 'OMG, why in PHP?'). The syntax is written down by the W3C neatly here (CSS2.1) and here (CSS3, draft). It's a list of 21 possible tokens, that all (but two) cannot be represented as static strings. My current approach is to loop through an array containing the 21 patterns over and over again, do an if (preg_match()) and reduce the source string match by match. In principle this works really good. However, for a 1000 lines CSS string this takes something between 2 and 8 seconds, which is too much for my project. Now I'm banging my head how other parsers tokenize and parse CSS in fractions of seconds. OK, C is always faster than PHP, but nonetheless, are there any obvious D'Oh! s that I fell into? I made some optimizations, like checking for '@', '#' or '"' as the first char of the remaining string and applying only the relevant regexp then, but this hadn't brought any great performance boosts. My code (snippet) so far: $TOKENS = array( 'IDENT' => '...regexp...', 'ATKEYWORD' => '@...regexp...', 'String' => '"...regexp..."|\'...regexp...\'', //... ); $string = '...CSS source string...'; $stream = array(); // we reduce $string token by token while ($string != '') { $string = ltrim($string, " \t\r\n\f"); // unconsumed whitespace at the // start is insignificant but doing a trim reduces exec time by 25% $matches = array(); // loop through all possible tokens foreach ($TOKENS as $t => $p) { // The '&' is used as delimiter, because it isn't used anywhere in // the token regexps if (preg_match('&^'.$p.'&Su', $string, $matches)) { $stream[] = array($t, $matches[0]); $string = substr($string, strlen($matches[0])); // Yay! We found one that matches! continue 2; } } // if we come here, we have a syntax error and handle it somehow } // result: an array $stream consisting of arrays with // 0 => type of token // 1 => token content

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  • Delete a header in PHP

    - by Boldewyn
    To allow caching a PHP generated file, I want to make sure, that the 'Pragma: no-cache' header is not set. However, how do I delete a possibly already set header? That is, it could be possible, that somewhere in the code someone wrote header('Pragma: no-cache'); and now I want to make sure, the header is not sent. Is it sufficient to do this: header('Pragma:'); or is there something like delete_header() (which would, apparently, be undocumented or well-hidden)?

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  • PHP profiling with microtime(): Negative time?

    - by Boldewyn
    For a very simple profiling I use microtime() like this: $now = microtime(); for (...) { // do something echo microtime() - $now; $now = microtime(); } Now, the output of the echo line seems completely random, that is, I expected fluctuations, but I don't expected negative numbers showing up. However, a typical result contains ~ 1/3 negative numbers. I confirmed this on Solaris (PHP 5.0.x) and WinVista (PHP 5.2.3). What the heck is going on here? Have I invented accidently a time machine?

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  • How reliable are URIs like /index.php/seo_path

    - by Boldewyn
    I noticed, that sometimes (especially where mod_rewrite is not available) this path scheme is used: http://host/path/index.php/clean_url_here --------------------------^ This seems to work, at least in Apache, where index.php is called, and one can query the /clean_url_here part via $_SERVER['PATH_INFO']. PHP even kind of advertises this feature. Also, e.g., the CodeIgniter framework uses this technique as default for their URLs. The question: How reliable is the technique? Are there situations, where Apache doesn't call index.php but tries to resolve the path? What about lighttpd, nginx, IIS, AOLServer? A ServerFault question? I think it's got more to do with using this feature inside PHP code. Therefore I ask here.

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  • Static classes in PHP via abstract keyword?

    - by Boldewyn
    According to the PHP manual, a class like this: abstract class Example {} cannot be instantiated. If I need a class without instance, e.g. for a registry pattern: class Registry {} // and later: echo Registry::$someValue; would it be considered good style to simply declare the class as abstract? If not, what are the advantages of hiding the constructor as protected method compared to an abstract class? Rationale for asking: As far as I see it, it could a bit of feature abuse, since the manual refers to abstract classes more as like blueprints for later classes with instantiation possibility.

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