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  • Marrying Core Animation with OpenGL ES

    - by Ole Begemann
    Edit: I suppose instead of the long explanation below I might also ask: Sending -setNeedsDisplay to an instance of CAEAGLLayer does not cause the layer to redraw (i.e., -drawInContext: is not called). Instead, I get this console message: <GLLayer: 0x4d500b0>: calling -display has no effect. Is there a way around this issue? Can I invoke -drawInContext: when -setNeedsDisplay is called? Long explanation below: I have an OpenGL scene that I would like to animate using Core Animation animations. Following the standard approach to animate custom properties in a CALayer, I created a subclass of CAEAGLLayer and defined a property sceneCenterPoint in it whose value should be animated. My layer also holds a reference to the OpenGL renderer: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> #import "ES2Renderer.h" @interface GLLayer : CAEAGLLayer { ES2Renderer *renderer; } @property (nonatomic, retain) ES2Renderer *renderer; @property (nonatomic, assign) CGPoint sceneCenterPoint; I then declare the property @dynamic to let CA create the accessors, override +needsDisplayForKey: and implement -drawInContext: to pass the current value of the sceneCenterPoint property to the renderer and ask it to render the scene: #import "GLLayer.h" @implementation GLLayer @synthesize renderer; @dynamic sceneCenterPoint; + (BOOL) needsDisplayForKey:(NSString *)key { if ([key isEqualToString:@"sceneCenterPoint"]) { return YES; } else { return [super needsDisplayForKey:key]; } } - (void) drawInContext:(CGContextRef)ctx { self.renderer.centerPoint = self.sceneCenterPoint; [self.renderer render]; } ... (If you have access to the WWDC 2009 session videos, you can review this technique in session 303 ("Animated Drawing")). Now, when I create an explicit animation for the layer on the keyPath @"sceneCenterPoint", Core Animation should calculate the interpolated values for the custom properties and call -drawInContext: for each step of the animation: - (IBAction)animateButtonTapped:(id)sender { CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"sceneCenterPoint"]; animation.duration = 1.0; animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointZero]; animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(1.0f, 1.0f)]; [self.glView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil]; } At least that is what would happen for a normal CALayer subclass. When I subclass CAEAGLLayer, I get this output on the console for each step of the animation: 2010-12-21 13:59:22.180 CoreAnimationOpenGL[7496:207] <GLLayer: 0x4e0be20>: calling -display has no effect. 2010-12-21 13:59:22.198 CoreAnimationOpenGL[7496:207] <GLLayer: 0x4e0be20>: calling -display has no effect. 2010-12-21 13:59:22.216 CoreAnimationOpenGL[7496:207] <GLLayer: 0x4e0be20>: calling -display has no effect. 2010-12-21 13:59:22.233 CoreAnimationOpenGL[7496:207] <GLLayer: 0x4e0be20>: calling -display has no effect. ... So it seems that, possibly for performance reasons, for OpenGL layers, -drawInContext: is not getting called because these layers do not use the standard -display method to draw themselves. Can anybody confirm that? Is there a way around it? Or can I not use the technique I laid out above? This would mean I would have to implement the animations manually in the OpenGL renderer (which is possible but not as elegant IMO).

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  • Set Renderbuffer Width and Height (Open GL ES)

    - by Josh Elsasser
    I'm currently experiencing an issue with an Open GL ES renderbuffer where the backing and width are are both set to 15. Is there any way to set them to the width of 320 and 480? My project is built up on Apple's EAGLView class and ES1Renderer, but I've moved it from the app delegate to a controller. I also moved the CADisplayLink outside of it (I update my game logic with the timestamp from this) Any help would be greatly appreciated. I add the glview to the window as follows: CGRect applicationFrame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]; [window addSubview:gameController.glview]; [window makeKeyAndVisible]; I synthesize the controller and the glview within it. The EAGLView and Renderer are otherwise unmodified. Renderer Initialization: // Get the layer CAEAGLLayer *eaglLayer = (CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer; eaglLayer.opaque = TRUE; eaglLayer.drawableProperties = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithBool:FALSE], kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking, kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8, kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat, nil]; renderer = [[ES1Renderer alloc] init]; Render "resize from layer" Method - (BOOL)resizeFromLayer:(CAEAGLLayer *)layer { // Allocate color buffer backing based on the current layer size glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); [context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES fromDrawable:layer]; glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH_OES, &backingWidth); glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT_OES, &backingHeight); NSLog(@"Backing Width:%i and Height: %i", backingWidth, backingHeight); if (glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_OES) { NSLog(@"Failed to make complete framebuffer object %x", glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES)); return NO; } return YES; }

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  • Renderbuffer Width (Open GL ES)

    - by Josh Elsasser
    I'm currently experiencing an issue with an Open GL ES renderbuffer where the backing and width are are both set to 15. Is there any way to set them to the width of 320 and 480? My project is built up on Apple's EAGLView class and ES1Renderer, but I've moved it from the app delegate to a controller. I also moved the CADisplayLink outside of it (I update my game logic with the timestamp from this) Any help would be greatly appreciated. I add the glview to the window as follows: CGRect applicationFrame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]; [window addSubview:gameController.glview]; [window makeKeyAndVisible]; I synthesize the controller and the glview within it. The EAGLView and Renderer are otherwise unmodified. Renderer Initialization: // Get the layer CAEAGLLayer *eaglLayer = (CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer; eaglLayer.opaque = TRUE; eaglLayer.drawableProperties = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithBool:FALSE], kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking, kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8, kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat, nil]; renderer = [[ES1Renderer alloc] init]; Render "resize from layer" Method - (BOOL)resizeFromLayer:(CAEAGLLayer *)layer { // Allocate color buffer backing based on the current layer size glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); [context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES fromDrawable:layer]; glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH_OES, &backingWidth); glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT_OES, &backingHeight); NSLog(@"Backing Width:%i and Height: %i", backingWidth, backingHeight); if (glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_OES) { NSLog(@"Failed to make complete framebuffer object %x", glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES)); return NO; } return YES; }

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  • iPhone OpenGL ES freezes for no reason

    - by KJ
    Hi, I'm quite new to iPhone OpenGL ES, and I'm really stuck. I was trying to implement shadow mapping on iPhone, and I allocated two 512*1024*32bit textures for the shadow map and the diffuse map respectively. The problem is that my application started to freeze and reboot the device after I added the shadow map allocation part to the code (so I guess the shadow map allocation is causing all this mess). It happens randomly, but mostly within 10 minutes. (sometimes within a few secs) And it only happens on the real iPhone device, not on the virtual device. I backtracked the problem by removing irrelevant code lines by lines and now my code is really simple, but it's still crashing (I mean, freezing). Could anybody please download my xcode project linked below and see what on earth is wrong? The code is really simple: http://www.tempfiles.net/download/201004/95922/CrashTest.html I would really appreciate if someone can help me. My iPhone is a 3GS and running on the OS version 3.1. Again, run the code and it'll take about 5 mins in average for the device to freeze and reboot. (Don't worry, it does no harm) It'll just display cyan screen before it freezes, but you'll be able to notice when it happens because the device will reboot soon, so please be patient. Just in case you can't reproduce the problem, please let me know. (That could possibly mean it's specifically my device that something's wrong with) Observation: The problem goes away when I change the size of the shadow map to 512*512. (but with the diffuse map still 512*1024) I'm desperate for help, thanks in advance! Just for the people's information who can't download the link, here is the OpenGL code: #import "GLView.h" #import <OpenGLES/ES2/glext.h> #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> @implementation GLView + (Class)layerClass { return [CAEAGLLayer class]; } - (id)initWithCoder: (NSCoder*)coder { if ((self = [super initWithCoder:coder])) { CAEAGLLayer* layer = (CAEAGLLayer*)self.layer; layer.opaque = YES; layer.drawableProperties = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithBool: NO], kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking, kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8, kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat, nil]; displayLink_ = nil; context_ = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI: kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2]; if (!context_ || ![EAGLContext setCurrentContext: context_]) { [self release]; return nil; } glGenFramebuffers(1, &framebuffer_); glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, framebuffer_); glViewport(0, 0, self.bounds.size.width, self.bounds.size.height); glGenRenderbuffers(1, &defaultColorBuffer_); glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, defaultColorBuffer_); [context_ renderbufferStorage: GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable: layer]; glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, defaultColorBuffer_); glGenTextures(1, &shadowColorBuffer_); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, shadowColorBuffer_); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 512, 1024, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL); glGenTextures(1, &texture_); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 512, 1024, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL); } return self; } - (void)startAnimation { displayLink_ = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget: self selector: @selector(drawView:)]; [displayLink_ setFrameInterval: 1]; [displayLink_ addToRunLoop: [NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode]; } - (void)useDefaultBuffers { glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, defaultColorBuffer_); glClearColor(0.0, 0.8, 0.8, 1); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); } - (void)useShadowBuffers { glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, shadowColorBuffer_, 0); glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); } - (void)drawView: (id)sender { NSTimeInterval startTime = [NSDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate]; [EAGLContext setCurrentContext: context_]; [self useShadowBuffers]; [self useDefaultBuffers]; glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, defaultColorBuffer_); [context_ presentRenderbuffer: GL_RENDERBUFFER]; NSTimeInterval endTime = [NSDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate]; NSLog(@"FPS : %.1f", 1 / (endTime - startTime)); } - (void)stopAnimation { [displayLink_ invalidate]; displayLink_ = nil; } - (void)dealloc { if (framebuffer_) glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &framebuffer_); if (defaultColorBuffer_) glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &defaultColorBuffer_); if (shadowColorBuffer_) glDeleteTextures(1, &shadowColorBuffer_); glDeleteTextures(1, &texture_); if ([EAGLContext currentContext] == context_) [EAGLContext setCurrentContext: nil]; [context_ release]; context_ = nil; [super dealloc]; } @end

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  • Why, on iOS, is glRenderbufferStorage appearing to fail?

    - by dugla
    On an iOS device (iPad) I decided to change the storage for my renderbuffer from the CAEAGLLayer that backs the view to explicit storage via glRenderbufferStorage. Sadly, the following code fails to result in a valid FBO. Can someone please tell me what I missed?: glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_framebuffer); glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_framebuffer); glGenRenderbuffers(1, &m_colorbuffer); glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_colorbuffer); GLsizei width = (GLsizei)layer.bounds.size.width; GLsizei height = (GLsizei)layer.bounds.size.height; glRenderbufferStorage(m_colorbuffer, GL_RGBA8_OES, width, height); glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_colorbuffer); Note: The layer size is valid and correct. This is solid production working rendering code. The only change I am making is the line glRenderbufferStorage(...) previously I did: [m_context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:layer] Thanks, Doug

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  • Drawing a texture with an alpha channel doesn't work -- draws black

    - by DevDevDev
    I am modifying GLPaint to use a different background, so in this case it is white. Anyway the existing stamp they are using assumes the background is black, so I made a new background with an alpha channel. When I draw on the canvas it is still black, what gives? When I actually draw, I just bind the texture and it works. Something is wrong in this initialization. Here is the photo - (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder*)coder { CGImageRef brushImage; CGContextRef brushContext; GLubyte *brushData; size_t width, height; if (self = [super initWithCoder:coder]) { CAEAGLLayer *eaglLayer = (CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer; eaglLayer.opaque = YES; // In this application, we want to retain the EAGLDrawable contents after a call to presentRenderbuffer. eaglLayer.drawableProperties = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES], kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking, kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8, kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat, nil]; context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES1]; if (!context || ![EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]) { [self release]; return nil; } // Create a texture from an image // First create a UIImage object from the data in a image file, and then extract the Core Graphics image brushImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"test.png"].CGImage; // Get the width and height of the image width = CGImageGetWidth(brushImage); height = CGImageGetHeight(brushImage); // Texture dimensions must be a power of 2. If you write an application that allows users to supply an image, // you'll want to add code that checks the dimensions and takes appropriate action if they are not a power of 2. // Make sure the image exists if(brushImage) { brushData = (GLubyte *) calloc(width * height * 4, sizeof(GLubyte)); brushContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(brushData, width, width, 8, width * 4, CGImageGetColorSpace(brushImage), kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast); CGContextDrawImage(brushContext, CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, (CGFloat)width, (CGFloat)height), brushImage); CGContextRelease(brushContext); glGenTextures(1, &brushTexture); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, brushTexture); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, brushData); free(brushData); } //Set up OpenGL states glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); CGRect frame = self.bounds; glOrthof(0, frame.size.width, 0, frame.size.height, -1, 1); glViewport(0, 0, frame.size.width, frame.size.height); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glDisable(GL_DITHER); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA); glEnable(GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES); glTexEnvf(GL_POINT_SPRITE_OES, GL_COORD_REPLACE_OES, GL_TRUE); glPointSize(width / kBrushScale); } return self; }

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  • aspectRatio = backingWidth / backingHeight ???

    - by carrots
    What am I doing wrong here, I can't get the result of this division: aspectRatio = backingWidth / backingHeight; I've thought I might try casting to (GLfloat) but that didn't do anything. As I step through the code I see that aspectRatio is 0 after the operation, while backingWidth is clearly 768 and backingHeight is 1029. Here are the types: GLfloat aspectRatio; and // The pixel dimensions of the CAEAGLLayer GLint backingWidth; GLint backingHeight; It must be something basic I'm doing wrong here..

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