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• Setting folder permission so it isn't deletable, but everything else is allowed

  - by user10324

  I want to set permissions to a folder such that, when I'm normally logged in (meaning not as root), this folder isn't deletable, but I can still change the name of this folder and move in around in my system ? IS this possible and if yes, how to set the permission ? I already tried different combinations for the permissions but couldn't figure out how to do it. Also (side question), if some folder hast some permission set and I copy this folder, along with its contents (assuming I am allowed to read it) to a memory, are these permission preserved ? I suppose not, since under Windows I could delete the folder on the stick, even if under Ubuntu it isn't allowed to delete it...

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• How to combine Translate and Soft Deletable Behavior in CakePHP 1.2.7?

  - by m99

  Hi guys, i'm trying to combine Translate Behavior and Mariano Iglesias' Soft Deletable Behavior Revision 49. But always if a want to soft delete a record which hasMany other records, which are translated (located in the i18n-table partly), the related hasMany records aren't soft deleted. Example: Post hasMany Comments (dependent = true) Post actsAs SoftDeletable Comments actsAs SoftDeletable, Translate Post record get's soft deleted, but I also get an error for the dependent Comment records and they aren't soft deleted. Any suggestions? Thanks in advance Marco

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• Make a file non-deletable in USB

  - by MegaNairda

  Somebody used my USB drive and upon returning it to me, I found a autorun.inf that is undeletable. I tried changing it's file attribute which is only H (not even set as a system file) but it keeps on saying Access Denied. The USB is set on FAT32, upon asking my friend, he told me that he uses Panda USB Vaccine http://research.pandasecurity.com/Panda-USB-and-AutoRun-Vaccine/ How do they do this? Im trying to use some Disk Sector editor but have no idea which hex file they change to make this kind of file and make it deletable again. Formatting the drive removes it, but I'm curious as to how to be able to set those kind of file attribute.

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• pure-ftpd: one readonly/non-deletable file in home directory

  - by Bram Schoenmakers

  Is there a way to have a file in the user's FTP home directory without the ability to modify/remove it from that directory over FTP? So the user has write permissions on his own home folder, thus the ability to remove files. An exception should be made for a single file, which has the same filename and contents for each account. The solution I'm thinking of right now to run a periodic script to check the presence of that file, and if not, put it back. But I wonder whether there's a better solution than this.

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• pure-ftpd: one readonly/non-deletable file in home directory

  - by Bram Schoenmakers

  Is there a way to have a file in the user's FTP home directory without the ability to modify/remove it from that directory over FTP? So the user has write permissions on his own home folder, thus the ability to remove files. An exception should be made for a single file, which has the same filename and contents for each account. The solution I'm thinking of right now to run a periodic script to check the presence of that file, and if not, put it back. But I wonder whether there's a better solution than this.

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• JPA association table is not deletable

  - by Marcel

  Hi I have a problem with JPA (EclipseLink). I am not able to delete a association table. This is the situation: Product 1:n to ProductResource Resource 1:n to ProductResource I first set the product and resource attributes of ProductResource. If I then try to delete the ProductResource object nothing happens (no sql is generated - no exception). If I comment out both OneToMany annotations in ProductResource I can delete the object. I can also delete the object when product and resource attributes are not set. If I comment out only the annotation above the ressource attribut the ProductResource object gets deleted upon the deletion of the product object (cascade=CascadeType.ALL). I hope someone could give me a hint. Thank you. Product Resource: public class ProductResource implements Serializable { @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.EAGER, cascade=CascadeType.MERGE) private Product product; @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.EAGER, cascade=CascadeType.MERGE) private Resource resource; Product: public class Product implements Serializable { @OneToMany(mappedBy="product", fetch=FetchType.EAGER, cascade=CascadeType.ALL) private List<ProductResource> productResources = new ArrayList<ProductResource>(); Resource: public class Resource implements Serializable { @OneToMany(mappedBy="resource", fetch=FetchType.EAGER, cascade=CascadeType.ALL) private List<ProductResource> productResources = new ArrayList<ProductResource>(); Greetings Marcel

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• What language is this???

  - by Misha Koshelev

  Dear All: I thought this was Javascript... but parser is giving me trouble. Any ideas? Thank you! Misha for (;;); {"error":0,"errorSummary":"","errorDescription":"","errorIsWarning":false,"silentError":0,"payload":{"collections": [{"name":"bcm","type":"flp","filter":"flp_662923563701","value":"662923563701","editable":true,"deletable":true,"members": ["1319651388","539562714","710814793","569071038","1553739575","2413243"]}, {"name":"mstp","type":"flp","filter":"flp_715806870131","value":"715806870131","editable":true,"deletable":true,"members": ["1263807225","1159429816","508447486","508005223","1234906348","642723993","552875889","23401888","10701320","8302901","7931988","3007490","1286522890","1128447272","1076062553","775679867","737520202","640799498","224400055","224400048","14211567","7909445","3005965","2404364","218216","660037273","224400089","73306230","9603033","1111694","1034418884","775680513" ,"704526828","518753881","512477182","224400016","24904610","19000876","5403952","3005641","2100348","100000421128298","1445411167","691445174","1020020100","795471177","683724539","682441089","532450522","224400129","224400005","3006522","2246813","1302265","7197","1900494", "100000474978266","2533582","1205125","1384091677","1260996959","710814793","514951289","224400164","224400156","173601800","13304723","7938844","3004783","3001379","302817","716739950 ","706849","1418109424","562676898","82501644","3007569","13173"]}, {"name":"mystery","type":"flp","filter":"flp_687949656211","value":"687949656211","editable":true,"deletable":true,"members": ["100001286464748","508123007","100001161894460","1148567030","1048974191","769992391","831734347","15347","1297180076","756692945","3005266","733396195","34410910","100000940154241"," 748426280","569417581","1318922027","100000164920046","1475269609","1436536592","10000016210 8385","754095305","100000421128298","537833189","100000692471928","7920231","673753496","3006217","1221878","8365333","1128447272","224400133","218216","505457123","1421958541","183829 5926","2349408","1622810085","1201640391","510959992","23429895","542118016","1017385668","586225579","625100539","100000474886633","26404148","1384091677","224400156","806908635","843 187401","400435","768261176","7901808","748496482","1541469473","2511982","25401573","503715 506","1226000844","559195162","41400094","1099436201","409816","1584400985","1577092523","100000349351880","199301581"]},{"name":"SMS Subscriptions","type":"ms","filter":"ms","value":"3","editable":true,"deletable":false,"members":[]}],"current_view":false}}

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• Terminal line glitches

  - by foxy

  I installed Ubuntu 11.10 mini + LXDE and wanted to make my command line different in terminal (than just plain white), so I added blue color to path line (everything until $ sign) and it works fine but I have two strange glitches now: When i write a line which is longer than terminal window, instead of starting at next line it starts at the same one, overwriting everything which was in there. Sometimes while navigating over previous commands (up/down arrow keys) some part of command gets stuck and is treated as part of prompt (the blue text), but it is white and is non-deletable and is not taken as part of command when i press enter. What could I mess up? The bad thing is that I don't remember what exactly did I change, but i'm sure I changed only one line in bashrc

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• Accidental deletion of the Gmail (IMAP) Trash 'System Label' in Evolution

  - by user20635

  I am using 11.04 and Evolution 2.32.2 I accidentally deleted the Gmail (IMAP) Trash 'System Label' in Evolution. Because this is Gmail object and (not a label per say), it is not deletable in Gmail. Under my Gmail account settings, I have made sure that both, 'Show in Label List' and 'Show in IMAP' are checked. That being said, I cannot seem to restore this IMAP folder in Evolution. I deleted the affected mail account, re-created, restarted Evolution, and no change. Any thoughts? Thanks.

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• Removing an associated object with a link_to to the update action

  - by Numbers

  class Question < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :category end class Category < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :questions accepts_nested_attributes_for :questions, allow_destroy: true end CategoriesController: private def category_params params.require(:category).permit(:title, questions_attributes: [:id, :category_id, :title, :_destroy]) end In the view I have a category displaying all it's posts (CategoriesController#show). Each post is deletable. How could I construct a link_to helper that deletes a post by updating the category?

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• Try to delete files used by IIS

  - by Cédric Boivin

  I got a service coded in c# whoes deleted somes web site files hosted on iis, before an update. But sometime when i delete the files, they stay there. If I try to delete them manually, via explorer, the file are not deletable, because they are in state "Delete pending". There is the way my service try to delete the file try { // Enlève tout les attributs sur le fichiers afin de s'assurer que le fichier n'est pas en lecture seul File.SetAttributes(file, FileAttributes.Normal); // Supprime le fichier File.Delete(file); } It's there a way to avoid this state ? What can i do to force the delete by c# code? Could i release all process to the file by c# code ? The environnement is IIS 7.5 Windows 2008-r2 .net 4.0 Thanks

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• How can I upgrade Ubuntu from 9.10 to 10.04 on a netbook with a 4GB root partition?

  - by Blorgbeard

  I have an Asus EeePC 901, running Ubuntu 9.10. I'd like to upgrade it to 10.04. I don't want to reinstall, since I have a bunch of scripts and programs all set up. However, when I attempt to upgrade using sudo apt-get dist-upgrade, I get an error asking me to free up another ~600MB on /. My / is mounted on sda0, which is a 4GB SSD. I do not have 600MB worth of deletable stuff on /. I've emptied my trash, and done apt-get autoremove and apt-get clean. I do have plenty of space in /home, mounted on sda1 (a 16GB SSD). Is there some way I can tell apt-get to use a different download/temp directory?

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• Red-Black trees - Erasing a node with two non-leaf children

  - by SalamiArmi

  Hi all, I've been implementing my own version of a red-black tree, mostly basing my algorithms from Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-black_tree). Its fairly concise for the most part, but there's one part that I would like clarification on. When erasing a node from the tree that has 2 non-leaf (non-NULL) children, it says to move either side's children into the deletable node, and remove that child. I'm a little confused as to which side to remove from, based on that. Do I pick the side randomly, do I alternate betweek sides, or do I stick to the same side for every future deletion?

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• NHibernate filters don't work with Session.Get

  - by Khash

  I'm trying to implement a Soft-deletable repository. Usually this can be easily done with a Delete Event listener. To filter out the deleted entities, I can add a Where attribute to my class mapping. However, I also need to implement two more methods in the repository for this entity: Restore and Purge. Restore will "undelete" entities and Purge will hard-delete them. This means I can't use Where attribute (since it block out soft-deleted entities to any access) I tried using filters instead. I can create a filter and enable or disable it within session to achieve the same result. But the problem is filters don't have any effect on Session.Get method (they only affect ICriteria based access). Any ideas as to how solve this problem? Thanks

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• ESXi - change to thin - virtual disk filesize is the same

  - by sven

  running ESXi 5.5 here with a datastore on a single SSD. Now, I thought about changing to thin disks from thick and found that I could use a tool on the ESXi host to do that. However, the file size of the new created virtual disk is not changing. I run: vmkfstools -i loader.vmdk -d 'thin' thinloader.vmdk Destination disk format: VMFS thin-provisioned Cloning disk 'loader.vmdk'... Clone: 100% done. After that I compared the virtual disksizes: ls -la *.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 32212254720 Jun 10 08:25 loader-flat.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 467 May 21 17:04 loader.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 32212254720 Jun 10 08:27 thinloader-flat.vmdk -rw------- 1 root root 520 Jun 10 08:33 thinloader.vmdk Stats on the original file: stat loader.vmdk File: loader.vmdk Size: 467 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 131072 regular file Device: 8bf64d175e27544ch/10085333178302026828d Inode: 419443780 Links: 1 Access: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-01-25 10:17:34.000000000 Modify: 2014-05-21 17:04:06.000000000 Change: 2014-05-21 17:04:06.000000000 and on the thin file: stat thinloader.vmdk File: thinloader.vmdk Size: 520 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 131072 regular file Device: 8bf64d175e27544ch/10085333178302026828d Inode: 432026692 Links: 1 Access: (0600/-rw-------) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2014-06-10 08:27:45.000000000 Modify: 2014-06-10 08:33:30.000000000 Change: 2014-06-10 08:33:30.000000000 Anyone an idea why the disk is not providing any more space (tried with multiple VM's already - all the same)? Also, I have noticed that the newly created file "autoappend" "-flat" to the disk ... Thanks Sven Update - diff of the vmdk config* --- loader.vmdk +++ thinloader.vmdk @@ -7,15 +7,17 @@ createType="vmfs" -RW 62914560 VMFS "loader-flat.vmdk" +RW 62914560 VMFS "thinloader-flat.vmdk" ddb.adapterType = "lsilogic" +ddb.deletable = "true" ddb.geometry.cylinders = "3916" ddb.geometry.heads = "255" ddb.geometry.sectors = "63" ddb.longContentID = "6d95855805dfa0079327dfee29b48dca" -ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 98 d5 7d 17 bf-ac 54 70 b1 2d 39 43 d5" +ddb.thinProvisioned = "1" +ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 93 c4 13 6c cf-bb 7b 34 c9 2c b4 dc 1e" ddb.virtualHWVersion = "8"

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• TC hashing filters - single rule deletion

  - by exa

  For traffic shaping I'm currently using a setup that looks exactly like the setup from LARTC, on this page: http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I have a simple problem with that - everytime I want to modify something in the hash table (like assign a IP to different flowid), I need to delete the whole filter table and add it again filter by filter. (I actually don't do it by hand, I have a nice program that does it for me... but still...) There is a problem - I got roughly 10k filters allocated this way and deleting and refilling the whole filtertable can get pretty lengthy, which is not exactly good for traffic shaping. My program could easily manage to delete only the rules that need to be deleted (thus reducing the whole problem to several commands and miliseconds), but I simply don't know the command that deletes only the one hashing rule. My tc filter show: filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2: ht divisor 256 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:a:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt a flowid 1:101 match 0a0a0a0a/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:c:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt c flowid 1:102 match 0a0a0a0c/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key ht 800 bkt 0 link 2: match 00000000/00000000 at 16 hash mask 000000ff at 16 The wish: 'tc filter del ...' command that removes only one specific filter (for example the 0a0a0a0a IP match (IP address 10.10.10.10)). Removal of some small subgroup would also be good - for example I could still recreate a bucket (bkt a) pretty fast. My attempts: I tried to number all the filters using prio, but with no help -- they just create something unusuable (but deletable) below, but the bucketed filters remain there after that gets deleted. Any ideas? edit - I'm adding a simplified tl;dr description of the problem: I created hash filter on some interfce just like in this http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I want to find a command that deletes one rule (e.g. 1.2.1.123) from the table, leaving the rest untouched and working.

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• How to hide check all, clear all checkbox

  - by Kalpana

  I am having check box in the column header. The function of this is to check or uncheck all the check boxes in that column.If the row check box is checked and say delete, that row can be deleted from the dataTable. If the row object is used in some other table as a foreign key i put '-' in that row instead of check box which indicates that row cannot be deletable. In these cases if all the row has '-" , there is no need to have the header check box. How to programatically hide this 'Check All | Clear All' check box, if there is nothing to be removed. It would be even preferable to hide the 'Remove' button if there is no selection to be made. What are the best practices to address the above scenario. I have attached the javascript which I am using. <script type="text/javascript"> var tableId = '#user\\:userList'; jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#selectAll').click(function() { jQuery(tableId).find("input[type='checkbox']").attr('checked', jQuery('#selectAll').is(':checked')); }); }); </script>

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• Question regarding ideal database implementation for iPhone app

  - by Jeff

  So I have a question about the ideal setup for an app I am getting ready to build. The app is basically going to be a memorization tool and I already have an sqlite database full of content that I will be using for the app. The user will navigate through the contents of the database(using the uipickerview), and select something for memorization. If that row or cell of data is selected, it is put into a pool or a uitableview that is dedicated to showing which items you have in your "need to memorize" pool. When you go to that tableview, you can select the row, and the actual data would be populated. All information in the tableview would be deletable, in the event that they don't want it there anymore... Thats it. I know that with database interfacing, there are a few different options out there, in this particular setup, is core data the easiest approach? Is there any other way that would be better? I am just kind of looking for a point in the right direction, any help is greatly appreciated!!

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• How to close all tabs in Safari using AppleScript?

  - by Form

  I have made a very simple AppleScript to close all tabs in Safari. The problem is, it works, but not completely. Here's the code: tell application "Safari" repeat with aWindow in windows repeat with aTab in tabs of aWindow aTab close end repeat end repeat end tell I've also tried this script: tell application "Safari" repeat with i from 0 to the number of items in windows set aWindow to item i of windows repeat with j from 0 to the number of tabs in aWindow set aTab to item j of tabs of aWindow aTab close end repeat end repeat end tell ... but it does not work either. I tried that on my system (MacBook Pro jan 2008), as well as on a Mac Pro G5 under Tiger and the script fails on both, albeit with a much less descriptive error on Tiger. The problem is that only a couple of tabs are closed. Running the script a few times closes a few tab each time until none is left, but always fails with the same error after closing a few tabs. Under Leopard I get an out of bounds error. Since I am using fast enumeration (not using "repeat from 0 to number of items in windows") I don't see how I can get an out of bounds error with this... My goal is to use the Cocoa Scripting Bridge to close tabs in Safari from my Objective-C Cocoa application but the Scripting Bridge fails in the same manner. The non-deletable tabs show as NULL in the Xcode debugger, while the other tabs are valid objects from which I can get values back (such as their title). In fact I tried with the Scripting Bridge first then told myself why not try this directly in AppleScript and I was surprised to see the same results. I must have a glaring omission or something in there... (seems like a bug in Safari AppleScript support to me... :S) I've used repeat loops and Obj-C 2.0 fast enumeration to iterate through collections before with zero problems, so I really don't see what's wrong here. Anyone can help? Thanks in advance!

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• Historical / auditable database

  - by Mark

  Hi all, This question is related to the schema that can be found in one of my other questions here. Basically in my database I store users, locations, sensors amongst other things. All of these things are editable in the system by users, and deletable. However - when an item is edited or deleted I need to store the old data; I need to be able to see what the data was before the change. There are also non-editable items in the database, such as "readings". They are more of a log really. Readings are logged against sensors, because its the reading for a particular sensor. If I generate a report of readings, I need to be able to see what the attributes for a location or sensor was at the time of the reading. Basically I should be able to reconstruct the data for any point in time. Now, I've done this before and got it working well by adding the following columns to each editable table: valid_from valid_to edited_by If valid_to = 9999-12-31 23:59:59 then that's the current record. If valid_to equals valid_from, then the record is deleted. However, I was never happy with the triggers I needed to use to enforce foreign key consistency. I can possibly avoid triggers by using the extension to the "PostgreSQL" database. This provides a column type called "period" which allows you to store a period of time between two dates, and then allows you to do CHECK constraints to prevent overlapping periods. That might be an answer. I am wondering though if there is another way. I've seen people mention using special historical tables, but I don't really like the thought of maintainling 2 tables for almost every 1 table (though it still might be a possibility). Maybe I could cut down my initial implementation to not bother checking the consistency of records that aren't "current" - i.e. only bother to check constraints on records where the valid_to is 9999-12-31 23:59:59. Afterall, the people who use historical tables do not seem to have constraint checks on those tables (for the same reason, you'd need triggers). Does anyone have any thoughts about this? PS - the title also mentions auditable database. In the previous system I mentioned, there is always the edited_by field. This allowed all changes to be tracked so we could always see who changed a record. Not sure how much difference that might make. Thanks.

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• How to close all, or only some, tabs in Safari using AppleScript?

  - by Form

  I have made a very simple AppleScript to close all tabs in Safari. The problem is, it works, but not completely. The problem is that only a couple of tabs are closed. Here's the code: tell application "Safari" repeat with aWindow in windows repeat with aTab in tabs of aWindow if [some condition is encountered] then aTab close end if end repeat end repeat end tell I've also tried this script: tell application "Safari" repeat with i from 0 to the number of items in windows set aWindow to item i of windows repeat with j from 0 to the number of tabs in aWindow set aTab to item j of tabs of aWindow if [some condition is encountered] then aTab close end if end repeat end repeat end tell ... but it does not work either (same behavior). I tried that on my system (MacBook Pro jan 2008), as well as on a Mac Pro G5 under Tiger and the script fails on both, albeit with a much less descriptive error on Tiger. Running the script a few times closes a few tab each time until none is left, but always fails with the same error after closing a few tabs. Under Leopard I get an out of bounds error. Since I am using fast enumeration (not using "repeat from 0 to number of items in windows") I don't see how I can get an out of bounds error with this... My goal is to use the Cocoa Scripting Bridge to close tabs in Safari from my Objective-C Cocoa application but the Scripting Bridge fails in the same manner. The non-deletable tabs show as NULL in the Xcode debugger, while the other tabs are valid objects from which I can get values back (such as their title). In fact I tried with the Scripting Bridge first then told myself why not try this directly in AppleScript and I was surprised to see the same results. I must have a glaring omission or something in there... (seems like a bug in Safari AppleScript support to me... :S) I've used repeat loops and Obj-C 2.0 fast enumeration to iterate through collections before with zero problems, so I really don't see what's wrong here. Anyone can help? Thanks in advance!

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• Javascript .removeChild() only deletes even nodes?

  - by user1476297

  first posting. I am trying dynamically add children DIV under a DIV with ID="prnt". Addition of nodes work fine no problem. However strange enough when it comes to deleted nodes its only deleting the even numbered nodes including 0. Why is this, I could be something stupid but it seem more like a bug. I could be very wrong. Please help Thank you in advance. <script type="text/javascript"> function displayNodes() { var prnt = document.getElementById("prnt"); var chlds = prnt.childNodes; var cont = document.getElementById("content"); for(i = 0; i < chlds.length; i++) { if(chlds[i].nodeType == 1) { cont.innerHTML +="<br />"; cont.innerHTML +="Node # " + (i+1); cont.innerHTML +="<br />"; cont.innerHTML +=chlds[i].nodeName; cont.innerHTML +="<br />"; } } } function deleteENodes() { var prnt = document.getElementById("prnt"); var chlds = prnt.childNodes; for(i = 0; i < chlds.length; i++) { if(!(chlds[i].nodeType == 3)) { prnt.removeChild(chlds[i]); } } } function AddENodes() { var prnt = document.getElementById("prnt"); //Only even nodes are deletable PROBLEM for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) { var newDIV = document.createElement('div'); newDIV.setAttribute("id", "c"+(i)); var text = document.createTextNode("New Inserted Child "+(i)); newDIV.appendChild(text); prnt.appendChild(newDIV); } } </script> <title>Checking Div Nodes</title> </head> <body> <div id="prnt"> Parent 1 </div> <br /> <br /> <br /> <button type="button" onclick="displayNodes()">Show Node Info</button> <button type="button" onclick="deleteENodes()">Remove All Element Nodes Under Parent 1</button> <button type="button" onclick="AddENodes()">Add 5 New DIV Nodes</button> <div id="content"> </div> </body>

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• The case of the phantom ADF developer (and other yarns)

  - by Chris Muir

  A few years of ADF experience means I see common mistakes made by different developers, some I regularly make myself.  This post is designed to assist beginners to Oracle JDeveloper Application Development Framework (ADF) avoid a common ADF pitfall, the case of the phantom ADF developer [add Scooby-Doo music here]. ADF Business Components - triggers, default table values and instead of views. Oracle's JDeveloper tutorials help with the A-B-Cs of ADF development, typically built on the nice 'n safe demo schema provided by with the Oracle database such as the HR demo schema. However it's not too long until ADF beginners, having built up some confidence from learning with the tutorials and vanilla demo schemas, start building ADF Business Components based upon their own existing database schema objects.  This is where unexpected problems can sneak in. The crime Developers may encounter a surprising error at runtime when editing a record they just created or updated and committed to the database, based on their own existing tables, namely the error: JBO-25014: Another user has changed the row with primary key oracle.jbo.Key[x] ...where X is the primary key value of the row at hand.  In a production environment with multiple users this error may be legit, one of the other users has updated the row since you queried it.  Yet in a development environment this error is just plain confusing.  If developers are isolated in their own database, creating and editing records they know other users can't possibly be working with, or all the other developers have gone home for the day, how is this error possible? There are no other users?  It must be the phantom ADF developer! [insert dramatic music here] The following picture is what you'll see in the Business Component Browser, and you'll receive a similar error message via an ADF Faces page: A false conclusion What can possibly cause this issue if it isn't our phantom ADF developer?  Doesn't ADF BC implement record locking, locking database records when the row is modified in the ADF middle-tier by a user?  How can our phantom ADF developer even take out a lock if this is the case?  Maybe ADF has a bug, maybe ADF isn't implementing record locking at all?  Shouldn't we see the error "JBO-26030: Failed to lock the record, another user holds the lock" as we attempt to modify the record, why do we see JBO-25014? : Let's verify that ADF is in fact issuing the correct SQL LOCK-FOR-UPDATE statement to the database. First we need to verify ADF's locking strategy.  It is determined by the Application Module's jbo.locking.mode property.  The default (as of JDev 11.1.1.4.0 if memory serves me correct) and recommended value is optimistic, and the other valid value is pessimistic. Next we need a mechanism to check that ADF is issuing the LOCK statements to the database.  We could ask DBAs to monitor locks with OEM, but optimally we'd rather not involve overworked DBAs in this process, so instead we can use the ADF runtime setting –Djbo.debugoutput=console.  At runtime this options turns on instrumentation within the ADF BC layer, which among a lot of extra detail displayed in the log window, will show the actual SQL statement issued to the database, including the LOCK statement we're looking to confirm. Setting our locking mode to pessimistic, opening the Business Components Browser of a JSF page allowing us to edit a record, say the CHARGEABLE field within a BOOKINGS record where BOOKING_NO = 1206, upon editing the record see among others the following log entries: [421] Built select: 'SELECT BOOKING_NO, EVENT_NO, RESOURCE_CODE, CHARGEABLE, MADE_BY, QUANTITY, COST, STATUS, COMMENTS FROM BOOKINGS Bookings'[422] Executing LOCK...SELECT BOOKING_NO, EVENT_NO, RESOURCE_CODE, CHARGEABLE, MADE_BY, QUANTITY, COST, STATUS, COMMENTS FROM BOOKINGS Bookings WHERE BOOKING_NO=:1 FOR UPDATE NOWAIT[423] Where binding param 1: 1206  As can be seen on line 422, in fact a LOCK-FOR-UPDATE is indeed issued to the database.  Later when we commit the record we see: [441] OracleSQLBuilder: SAVEPOINT 'BO_SP'[442] OracleSQLBuilder Executing, Lock 1 DML on: BOOKINGS (Update)[443] UPDATE buf Bookings>#u SQLStmtBufLen: 210, actual=62[444] UPDATE BOOKINGS Bookings SET CHARGEABLE=:1 WHERE BOOKING_NO=:2[445] Update binding param 1: N[446] Where binding param 2: 1206[447] BookingsView1 notify COMMIT ... [448] _LOCAL_VIEW_USAGE_model_Bookings_ResourceTypesView1 notify COMMIT ... [449] EntityCache close prepared statement ....and as a result the changes are saved to the database, and the lock is released. Let's see what happens when we use the optimistic locking mode, this time to change the same BOOKINGS record CHARGEABLE column again.  As soon as we edit the record we see little activity in the logs, nothing to indicate any SQL statement, let alone a LOCK has been taken out on the row. However when we save our records by issuing a commit, the following is recorded in the logs: [509] OracleSQLBuilder: SAVEPOINT 'BO_SP'[510] OracleSQLBuilder Executing doEntitySelect on: BOOKINGS (true)[511] Built select: 'SELECT BOOKING_NO, EVENT_NO, RESOURCE_CODE, CHARGEABLE, MADE_BY, QUANTITY, COST, STATUS, COMMENTS FROM BOOKINGS Bookings'[512] Executing LOCK...SELECT BOOKING_NO, EVENT_NO, RESOURCE_CODE, CHARGEABLE, MADE_BY, QUANTITY, COST, STATUS, COMMENTS FROM BOOKINGS Bookings WHERE BOOKING_NO=:1 FOR UPDATE NOWAIT[513] Where binding param 1: 1205[514] OracleSQLBuilder Executing, Lock 2 DML on: BOOKINGS (Update)[515] UPDATE buf Bookings>#u SQLStmtBufLen: 210, actual=62[516] UPDATE BOOKINGS Bookings SET CHARGEABLE=:1 WHERE BOOKING_NO=:2[517] Update binding param 1: Y[518] Where binding param 2: 1205[519] BookingsView1 notify COMMIT ... [520] _LOCAL_VIEW_USAGE_model_Bookings_ResourceTypesView1 notify COMMIT ... [521] EntityCache close prepared statement Again even though we're seeing the midtier delay the LOCK statement until commit time, it is in fact occurring on line 412, and released as part of the commit issued on line 419.  Therefore with either optimistic or pessimistic locking a lock is indeed issued. Our conclusion at this point must be, unless there's the unlikely cause the LOCK statement is never really hitting the database, or the even less likely cause the database has a bug, then ADF does in fact take out a lock on the record before allowing the current user to update it.  So there's no way our phantom ADF developer could even modify the record if he tried without at least someone receiving a lock error. Hmm, we can only conclude the locking mode is a red herring and not the true cause of our problem.  Who is the phantom? At this point we'll need to conclude that the error message "JBO-25014: Another user has changed" is somehow legit, even though we don't understand yet what's causing it. This leads onto two further questions, how does ADF know another user has changed the row, and what's been changed anyway? To answer the first question, how does ADF know another user has changed the row, the Fusion Guide's section 4.10.11 How to Protect Against Losing Simultaneous Updated Data , that details the Entity Object Change-Indicator property, gives us the answer: At runtime the framework provides automatic "lost update" detection for entity objects to ensure that a user cannot unknowingly modify data that another user has updated and committed in the meantime. Typically, this check is performed by comparing the original values of each persistent entity attribute against the corresponding current column values in the database at the time the underlying row is locked. Before updating a row, the entity object verifies that the row to be updated is still consistent with the current state of the database.  The guide further suggests to make this solution more efficient: You can make the lost update detection more efficient by identifying any attributes of your entity whose values you know will be updated whenever the entity is modified. Typical candidates include a version number column or an updated date column in the row.....To detect whether the row has been modified since the user queried it in the most efficient way, select the Change Indicator option to compare only the change-indicator attribute values. We now know that ADF BC doesn't use the locking mechanism at all to protect the current user against updates, but rather it keeps a copy of the original record fetched, separate to the user changed version of the record, and it compares the original record against the one in the database when the lock is taken out.  If values don't match, be it the default compare-all-columns behaviour, or the more efficient Change Indicator mechanism, ADF BC will throw the JBO-25014 error. This leaves one last question.  Now we know the mechanism under which ADF identifies a changed row, what we don't know is what's changed and who changed it? The real culprit What's changed?  We know the record in the mid-tier has been changed by the user, however ADF doesn't use the changed record in the mid-tier to compare to the database record, but rather a copy of the original record before it was changed.  This leaves us to conclude the database record has changed, but how and by who? There are three potential causes: Database triggers The database trigger among other uses, can be configured to fire PLSQL code on a database table insert, update or delete.  In particular in an insert or update the trigger can override the value assigned to a particular column.  The trigger execution is actioned by the database on behalf of the user initiating the insert or update action. Why this causes the issue specific to our ADF use, is when we insert or update a record in the database via ADF, ADF keeps a copy of the record written to the database.  However the cached record is instantly out of date as the database triggers have modified the record that was actually written to the database.  Thus when we update the record we just inserted or updated for a second time to the database, ADF compares its original copy of the record to that in the database, and it detects the record has been changed – giving us JBO-25014. This is probably the most common cause of this problem. Default values A second reason this issue can occur is another database feature, default column values.  When creating a database table the schema designer can define default values for specific columns.  For example a CREATED_BY column could be set to SYSDATE, or a flag column to Y or N.  Default values are only used by the database when a user inserts a new record and the specific column is assigned NULL.  The database in this case will overwrite the column with the default value. As per the database trigger section, it then becomes apparent why ADF chokes on this feature, though it can only specifically occur in an insert-commit-update-commit scenario, not the update-commit-update-commit scenario. Instead of trigger views I must admit I haven't double checked this scenario but it seems plausible, that of the Oracle database's instead of trigger view (sometimes referred to as instead of views).  A view in the database is based on a query, and dependent on the queries complexity, may support insert, update and delete functionality to a limited degree.  In order to support fully insertable, updateable and deletable views, Oracle introduced the instead of view, that gives the view designer the ability to not only define the view query, but a set of programmatic PLSQL triggers where the developer can define their own logic for inserts, updates and deletes. While this provides the database programmer a very powerful feature, it can cause issues for our ADF application.  On inserting or updating a record in the instead of view, the record and it's data that goes in is not necessarily the data that comes out when ADF compares the records, as the view developer has the option to practically do anything with the incoming data, including throwing it away or pushing it to tables which aren't used by the view underlying query for fetching the data. Readers are at this point reminded that this article is specifically about how the JBO-25014 error occurs in the context of 1 developer on an isolated database.  The article is not considering how the error occurs in a production environment where there are multiple users who can cause this error in a legitimate fashion.  Assuming none of the above features are the cause of the problem, and optimistic locking is turned on (this error is not possible if pessimistic locking is the default mode *and* none of the previous causes are possible), JBO-25014 is quite feasible in a production ADF application if 2 users modify the same record. At this point under project timelines pressure, the obvious fix for developers is to drop both database triggers and default values from the underlying tables.  However we must be careful that these legacy constructs aren't used and assumed to be in place by other legacy systems.  Dropping the database triggers or default value that the existing Oracle Forms  applications assumes and requires to be in place could cause unexpected behaviour and bugs in the Forms application.  Proficient software engineers would recognize such a change may require a partial or full regression test of the existing legacy system, a potentially costly and timely exercise, not ideal. Solving the mystery once and for all Luckily ADF has built in functionality to deal with this issue, though it's not a surprise, as Oracle as the author of ADF also built the database, and are fully aware of the Oracle database's feature set.  At the Entity Object attribute level, the Refresh After Insert and Refresh After Update properties.  Simply selecting these instructs ADF BC after inserting or updating a record to the database, to expect the database to modify the said attributes, and read a copy of the changed attributes back into its cached mid-tier record.  Thus next time the developer modifies the current record, the comparison between the mid-tier record and the database record match, and JBO-25014: Another user has changed" is no longer an issue. [Post edit - as per the comment from Oracle's Steven Davelaar below, as he correctly points out the above solution will not work for instead-of-triggers views as it relies on SQL RETURNING clause which is incompatible with this type of view] Alternatively you can set the Change Indicator on one of the attributes.  This will work as long as the relating column for the attribute in the database itself isn't inadvertently updated.  In turn you're possibly just masking the issue rather than solving it, because if another developer turns the Change Indicator back on the original issue will return.

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