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  • sudo apt-get update errors

    - by Adrian Begi
    Here is what I get on my terminal when running sudo apt-get update errors. I dont know if the issue is from my sources.list or my proxy setup(have not made any changes to proxies). Thank you for any help in advanced. Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security Release.gpg Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security Release Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main amd64 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted amd64 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe amd64 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse amd64 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main TranslationIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse TranslationIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted TranslationIndex Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe TranslationIndex Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main amd64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted amd64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe amd64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse amd64 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main i386 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted i386 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe i386 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Err http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse i386 Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Translation-en_US Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Translation-en Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Translation-en_US Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Translation-en Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Translation-en_US Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Translation-en Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Translation-en_US Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Translation-en W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/main/source/Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/restricted/source/Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/universe/source/Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/multiverse/source/Sources 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/universe/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/multiverse/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/restricted/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/universe/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-security/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.15 80] E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. HERE IS MY SOURCES.LIST # # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ dists/oneiric/main/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ dists/oneiric/restricted/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ oneiric main restricted #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ dists/oneiric/main/binary-i386/ #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ dists/oneiric/restricted/binary-i386/ #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111011)]/ oneiric main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric multiverse deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security universe deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security multiverse deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric-security multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Ubuntu's ## 'extras' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party ## developers who want to ship their latest software. # deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main # deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu oneiric main

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  • Super Joybox 5 HID 0925:8884 not recognized as joystick in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

    - by Tim Evans
    Problem: When using the "Super JoyBox 5" 4 port playstation 2 to USB adapter, the device is not recognized as a joystick. there is no js0 created, but instead another input eventX and mouseX are created in /dev/input. When using the directional buttons (up down left right) on a Playstation 1 controller attached to the device, the mouse cursor moves to the top, bottom, left, and right edges of the screen respectively. Buttons are unresponsive. The joypads attached to the device cannot be used in any games or other programs. Attempted remedies: Creating a symlink from the eventX to js0 does not solve the problem. Addl Info: joydev is loaded and running peroperly according to LSMOD. evtest can be run on the created eventX (sudo evtest /dev/input/event14 in my case) and the buttons and axes all register inputs. Here is a paste of EVTEST's diagnostic and the first couple button events. [code] sudo evtest /dev/input/event14 Input driver version is 1.0.1 Input device ID: bus 0x3 vendor 0x925 product 0x8884 version 0x100 Input device name: "HID 0925:8884" Supported events: Event type 0 (EV_SYN) Event type 1 (EV_KEY) Event code 288 (BTN_TRIGGER) Event code 289 (BTN_THUMB) Event code 290 (BTN_THUMB2) Event code 291 (BTN_TOP) Event code 292 (BTN_TOP2) Event code 293 (BTN_PINKIE) Event code 294 (BTN_BASE) Event code 295 (BTN_BASE2) Event code 296 (BTN_BASE3) Event code 297 (BTN_BASE4) Event code 298 (BTN_BASE5) Event code 299 (BTN_BASE6) Event code 300 (?) Event code 301 (?) Event code 302 (?) Event code 303 (BTN_DEAD) Event code 304 (BTN_A) Event code 305 (BTN_B) Event code 306 (BTN_C) Event code 307 (BTN_X) Event code 308 (BTN_Y) Event code 309 (BTN_Z) Event code 310 (BTN_TL) Event code 311 (BTN_TR) Event code 312 (BTN_TL2) Event code 313 (BTN_TR2) Event code 314 (BTN_SELECT) Event code 315 (BTN_START) Event code 316 (BTN_MODE) Event code 317 (BTN_THUMBL) Event code 318 (BTN_THUMBR) Event code 319 (?) Event code 320 (BTN_TOOL_PEN) Event code 321 (BTN_TOOL_RUBBER) Event code 322 (BTN_TOOL_BRUSH) Event code 323 (BTN_TOOL_PENCIL) Event code 324 (BTN_TOOL_AIRBRUSH) Event code 325 (BTN_TOOL_FINGER) Event code 326 (BTN_TOOL_MOUSE) Event code 327 (BTN_TOOL_LENS) Event code 328 (?) Event code 329 (?) Event code 330 (BTN_TOUCH) Event code 331 (BTN_STYLUS) Event code 332 (BTN_STYLUS2) Event code 333 (BTN_TOOL_DOUBLETAP) Event code 334 (BTN_TOOL_TRIPLETAP) Event code 335 (BTN_TOOL_QUADTAP) Event type 3 (EV_ABS) Event code 0 (ABS_X) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 1 (ABS_Y) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 2 (ABS_Z) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 3 (ABS_RX) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 4 (ABS_RY) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 5 (ABS_RZ) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 6 (ABS_THROTTLE) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 7 (ABS_RUDDER) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 8 (ABS_WHEEL) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 9 (ABS_GAS) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 10 (ABS_BRAKE) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 11 (?) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 12 (?) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 13 (?) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 14 (?) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 15 (?) Value 127 Min 0 Max 255 Flat 15 Event code 16 (ABS_HAT0X) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 17 (ABS_HAT0Y) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 18 (ABS_HAT1X) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 19 (ABS_HAT1Y) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 20 (ABS_HAT2X) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 21 (ABS_HAT2Y) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 22 (ABS_HAT3X) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event code 23 (ABS_HAT3Y) Value 0 Min -1 Max 1 Event type 4 (EV_MSC) Event code 4 (MSC_SCAN) Testing ... (interrupt to exit) Event: time 1351223176.126127, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90001 Event: time 1351223176.126130, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 288 (BTN_TRIGGER), value 1 Event: time 1351223176.126166, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223178.238127, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90001 Event: time 1351223178.238130, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 288 (BTN_TRIGGER), value 0 Event: time 1351223178.238167, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223180.422127, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90002 Event: time 1351223180.422129, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 289 (BTN_THUMB), value 1 Event: time 1351223180.422163, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223181.558099, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90002 Event: time 1351223181.558102, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 289 (BTN_THUMB), value 0 Event: time 1351223181.558137, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223182.486137, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90003 Event: time 1351223182.486140, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 290 (BTN_THUMB2), value 1 Event: time 1351223182.486172, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223183.302130, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90003 Event: time 1351223183.302132, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 290 (BTN_THUMB2), value 0 Event: time 1351223183.302165, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223184.030133, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90004 Event: time 1351223184.030136, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 291 (BTN_TOP), value 1 Event: time 1351223184.030166, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ Event: time 1351223184.558135, type 4 (EV_MSC), code 4 (MSC_SCAN), value 90004 Event: time 1351223184.558138, type 1 (EV_KEY), code 291 (BTN_TOP), value 0 Event: time 1351223184.558168, -------------- SYN_REPORT ------------ [/code] The directional buttons on the pad are being identified as HAT0Y and HAT0X axes, thats zero, not the letter O. Aparently, this device used to work flawlessly on kernel 2.4.x systems, and even as late as ubunto 10.04. Perhaps the Joydev rules for identifying joypads has changed? Currently, this kind of bug is affecting a few different type of controller adapters, but since this is the one that i PERSONALLY have (and has been driving me my own special brand of crazy), its the one im documenting. What i think should be happening instead: The device should be registering js0 through js3, one for each port, or JS0 that will handle all of the connected devices with different numbered axes for each connected joypad. Either way, it should work as a joystick and stop controlling the mouse cursor. Please help!

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  • Query specific logs from event log using nxlog

    - by user170899
    Below is my nxlog configuration define ROOT C:\Program Files (x86)\nxlog Moduledir %ROOT%\modules CacheDir %ROOT%\data Pidfile %ROOT%\data\nxlog.pid SpoolDir %ROOT%\data LogFile %ROOT%\data\nxlog.log <Extension json> Module xm_json </Extension> <Input internal> Module im_internal </Input> <Input eventlog> Module im_msvistalog Query <QueryList>\ <Query Id="0">\ <Select Path="Security">*</Select>\ </Query>\ </QueryList> </Input> <Output out> Module om_tcp Host localhost Port 3515 Exec $EventReceivedTime = integer($EventReceivedTime) / 1000000; \ to_json(); </Output> <Route 1> Path eventlog, internal => out </Route> <Select Path="Security">*</Select>\ - * gets everything from the Security log, but my requirement is to get specific logs starting with EventId - 4663. How do i do this? Please help. Thanks.

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  • Fragmented Log files could be slowing down your database

    - by Fatherjack
    Something that is sometimes forgotten by a lot of DBAs is the fact that database log files get fragmented in the same way that you get fragmentation in a data file. The cause is very different but the effect is the same – too much effort reading and writing data. Data files get fragmented as data is changed through normal system activity, INSERTs, UPDATEs and DELETEs cause fragmentation and most experienced DBAs are monitoring their indexes for fragmentation and dealing with it accordingly. However, you don’t hear about so many working on their log files. How can a log file get fragmented? I’m glad you asked. When you create a database there are at least two files created on the disk storage; an mdf for the data and an ldf for the log file (you can also have ndf files for extra data storage but that’s off topic for now). It is wholly possible to have more than one log file but in most cases there is little point in creating more than one as the log file is written to in a ‘wrap-around’ method (more on that later). When a log file is created at the time that a database is created the file is actually sub divided into a number of virtual log files (VLFs). The number and size of these VLFs depends on the size chosen for the log file. VLFs are also created in the space added to a log file when a log file growth event takes place. Do you have your log files set to auto grow? Then you have potentially been introducing many VLFs into your log file. Let’s get to see how many VLFs we have in a brand new database. USE master GO CREATE DATABASE VLF_Test ON ( NAME = VLF_Test, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.ROCK_2008\MSSQL\DATA\VLF_Test.mdf', SIZE = 100, MAXSIZE = 500, FILEGROWTH = 50 ) LOG ON ( NAME = VLF_Test_Log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.ROCK_2008\MSSQL\DATA\VLF_Test_log.ldf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 250MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB ); go USE VLF_Test go DBCC LOGINFO; The results of this are firstly a new database is created with specified files sizes and the the DBCC LOGINFO results are returned to the script editor. The DBCC LOGINFO results have plenty of interesting information in them but lets first note there are 4 rows of information, this relates to the fact that 4 VLFs have been created in the log file. The values in the FileSize column are the sizes of each VLF in bytes, you will see that the last one to be created is slightly larger than the others. So, a 5MB log file has 4 VLFs of roughly 1.25 MB. Lets alter the CREATE DATABASE script to create a log file that’s a bit bigger and see what happens. Alter the code above so that the log file details are replaced by LOG ON ( NAME = VLF_Test_Log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.ROCK_2008\MSSQL\DATA\VLF_Test_log.ldf', SIZE = 1GB, MAXSIZE = 25GB, FILEGROWTH = 1GB ); With a bigger log file specified we get more VLFs What if we make it bigger again? LOG ON ( NAME = VLF_Test_Log, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.ROCK_2008\MSSQL\DATA\VLF_Test_log.ldf', SIZE = 5GB, MAXSIZE = 250GB, FILEGROWTH = 5GB ); This time we see more VLFs are created within our log file. We now have our 5GB log file comprised of 16 files of 320MB each. In fact these sizes fall into all the ranges that control the VLF creation criteria – what a coincidence! The rules that are followed when a log file is created or has it’s size increased are pretty basic. If the file growth is lower than 64MB then 4 VLFs are created If the growth is between 64MB and 1GB then 8 VLFs are created If the growth is greater than 1GB then 16 VLFs are created. Now the potential for chaos comes if the default values and settings for log file growth are used. By default a database log file gets a 1MB log file with unlimited growth in steps of 10%. The database we just created is 6 MB, let’s add some data and see what happens. USE vlf_test go -- we need somewhere to put the data so, a table is in order IF OBJECT_ID('A_Table') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE A_Table go CREATE TABLE A_Table ( Col_A int IDENTITY, Col_B CHAR(8000) ) GO -- Let's check the state of the log file -- 4 VLFs found EXECUTE ('DBCC LOGINFO'); go -- We can go ahead and insert some data and then check the state of the log file again INSERT A_Table (col_b) SELECT TOP 500 REPLICATE('a',2000) FROM sys.columns AS sc, sys.columns AS sc2 GO -- insert 500 rows and we get 22 VLFs EXECUTE ('DBCC LOGINFO'); go -- Let's insert more rows INSERT A_Table (col_b) SELECT TOP 2000 REPLICATE('a',2000) FROM sys.columns AS sc, sys.columns AS sc2 GO 10 -- insert 2000 rows, in 10 batches and we suddenly have 107 VLFs EXECUTE ('DBCC LOGINFO'); Well, that escalated quickly! Our log file is split, internally, into 107 fragments after a few thousand inserts. The same happens with any logged transactions, I just chose to illustrate this with INSERTs. Having too many VLFs can cause performance degradation at times of database start up, log backup and log restore operations so it’s well worth keeping a check on this property. How do we prevent excessive VLF creation? Creating the database with larger files and also with larger growth steps and actively choosing to grow your databases rather than leaving it to the Auto Grow event can make sure that the growths are made with a size that is optimal. How do we resolve a situation of a database with too many VLFs? This process needs to be done when the database is under little or no stress so that you don’t affect system users. The steps are: BACKUP LOG YourDBName TO YourBackupDestinationOfChoice Shrink the log file to its smallest possible size DBCC SHRINKFILE(FileNameOfTLogHere, TRUNCATEONLY) * Re-size the log file to the size you want it to, taking in to account your expected needs for the coming months or year. ALTER DATABASE YourDBName MODIFY FILE ( NAME = FileNameOfTLogHere, SIZE = TheSizeYouWantItToBeIn_MB) * – If you don’t know the file name of your log file then run sp_helpfile while you are connected to the database that you want to work on and you will get the details you need. The resize step can take quite a while This is already detailed far better than I can explain it by Kimberley Tripp in her blog 8-Steps-to-better-Transaction-Log-throughput.aspx. The result of this will be a log file with a VLF count according to the bullet list above. Knowing when VLFs are being created By complete coincidence while I have been writing this blog (it’s been quite some time from it’s inception to going live) Jonathan Kehayias from SQLSkills.com has written a great article on how to track database file growth using Event Notifications and Service Broker. I strongly recommend taking a look at it as this is going to catch any sneaky auto grows that take place and let you know about them right away. Hassle free monitoring of VLFs If you are lucky or wise enough to be using SQL Monitor or another monitoring tool that let’s you write your own custom metrics then you can keep an eye on this very easily. There is a custom metric for VLFs (written by Stuart Ainsworth) already on the site and there are some others there are very useful so take a moment or two to look around while you are there. Resources MSDN – http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179355(v=sql.105).aspx Kimberly Tripp from SQLSkills.com – http://www.sqlskills.com/BLOGS/KIMBERLY/post/8-Steps-to-better-Transaction-Log-throughput.aspx Thomas LaRock at Simple-Talk.com – http://www.simple-talk.com/sql/database-administration/monitoring-sql-server-virtual-log-file-fragmentation/ Disclosure I am a Friend of Red Gate. This means that I am more than likely to say good things about Red Gate DBA and Developer tools. No matter how awesome I make them sound, take the time to compare them with other products before you contact the Red Gate sales team to make your order.

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  • Password Security: Short and Complex versus ‘Short or Lengthy’ and Less Complex

    - by Akemi Iwaya
    Creating secure passwords for our online accounts is a necessary evil due to the huge increase in database and account hacking that occurs these days. The problem though is that no two companies have a similar policy for complex and secure password creation, then factor in the continued creation of insecure passwords or multi-site use of the same password and trouble is just waiting to happen. Ars Technica decided to take a look at multiple password types, how users fared with them, and how well those password types held up to cracking attempts in their latest study. The password types that Ars Technica looked at were comprehensive8, basic8, and basic16. The comprehensive type required a variety of upper-case, lower-case, digits, and symbols with no dictionary words allowed. The only restriction on the two basic types was the number of characters used. Which type do you think was easier for users to adopt and did better in the two password cracking tests? You can learn more about how well users did with the three password types and the results of the tests by visiting the article linked below. What are your thoughts on the matter? Are shorter, more complex passwords better or worse than using short or long, but less complex passwords? What methods do you feel work best since most passwords are limited to approximately 16 characters in length? Perhaps you use a service like LastPass or keep a dedicated list/notebook to manage your passwords. Let us know in the comments!    

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  • Logs are written to *.log.1 instead of *.log

    - by funkadelic
    For some reason my log files are writing to the *.log.1 files instead of the *.log files, e.g. for my Postfix log files it is writing to /var/log/mail.log.1 and not /var/log/mail.log as expected. Same goes for mail.err. It looks like it's also doing it for auth.log and syslog. Here is a ls -lt snippet of my /var/log directory, showing the more recently touched log files in reverse chronological order -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 4608882 Dec 18 12:12 auth.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 4445258 Dec 18 12:12 syslog.1 -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 2687708 Dec 18 12:11 mail.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 root adm 223033 Dec 18 12:04 denyhosts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56631 Dec 18 11:40 dpkg.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 292584 Dec 18 11:39 lastlog -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 9216 Dec 18 11:39 wtmp ... And ls -l mail.log*: -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 0 Dec 16 06:31 mail.log -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 2699809 Dec 18 12:28 mail.log.1 -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 331704 Dec 9 06:45 mail.log.2.gz -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 235751 Dec 2 06:40 mail.log.3.gz Is there something that is misconfigured? I tried restarting postfix and it still wrote to mail.log.1 afterwards (same with a postix stop; postfix start, too).

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  • repeated failing passwords in linux security log (/var/log/secure)

    - by wallyk
    Recently, I opened up the SSH port through my firewalls (and redirecting to my server) so I could check on the (http) server while on the road. The first week or two there was nothing different. But now, three or four weeks later, I see lots of this: Mar 20 08:38:28 localhost sshd[21895]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:31 localhost sshd[21895]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2854 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:31 localhost sshd[21896]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost unix_chkpwd[21900]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost sshd[21898]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:34 localhost sshd[21898]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 3729 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:35 localhost sshd[21899]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost unix_chkpwd[21903]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost sshd[21901]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:38 localhost sshd[21901]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4313 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:38 localhost sshd[21902]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost unix_chkpwd[21906]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost sshd[21904]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:42 localhost sshd[21904]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4869 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:43 localhost sshd[21905]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost unix_chkpwd[21909]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost sshd[21907]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:46 localhost sshd[21907]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2512 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:47 localhost sshd[21908]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 15:38:57 localhost sshd[21912]: Connection closed by 207.210.101.209 There are about 1100 lines of these for March 20th, zero for the 19th, and 800 or so for the 18th—all related to the same IP. What does it mean? What should I do? Why isn't it chronological?

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  • what service to restart for /var/log/auth.log to start

    - by Bond
    Here is a situation since the log files on my server had grown to several Gigabytes I took a backup of directory /var/log and then manually when to each subdirectory of /var/log and the files which were big in size I did cat > /var/log/file_which_is_big press 2 times enter key (basically over wrote those files with a blank space) and then Ctrl+C So basically I over wrote those files to be blank. Now when I open /var/log/auth.log I don't see any entry (which is expected also since I over wrote) but when I exit the SSH session and login again then also I do not see any entry in auth.log is there any way other than rebooting the machine to make sure I keep getting the entries in /var/log/auth.log I am not sure which service writes in this file. This is a Ubuntu 10.04 server.

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  • Framework 4 Features: Summary of Security enhancements

    - by Anthony Shorten
    In the last log entry I mentioned one of the new security features in Oracle Utilities Application Framework 4.0.1. Security is one of the major "tent poles" (to borrow a phrase from Steve Jobs) in this release of the framework. There are a number of security related enhancements requested by customers and as a result of internal reviews that we have introduced. Here is a summary of some of the security enchancements we have added in this release: Security Cache Changes - Security authorization information is automatically cached on the server for performance reasons (security is checked for every single call the product makes for all modes of access). Prior to this release the cache auto-refreshed every 30 minutes (or so). This has beem made more nimble by supporting a cache refresh every minute (or so). This means authorization changes are reflected quicker than before. Business Level security - Business Services are configurable services that are based upon Application Services. Typically, the business service inherited its security profile from its parent service. Whilst this is sufficient for most needs, it is now required to further specify security on the Business Service definition itself. This will allow granular security and allow the same application service to be exposed as different Business Services with their own security. This is particularly useful when you base a Business Service on a query zone. User Propogation - As with other client server applications, the database connections are pooled and shared as needed. This means that a common database user is used to access the database from the pool to allow sharing. Unfortunently, this means that tracability at the database level is that much harder. In Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 the end userid is now propogated to the database using the CLIENT_IDENTIFIER as part of the Oracle JDBC connection API. This not only means that the common database userid is still used but the end user is indentifiable for the duration of the database call. This can be used for monitoring or to hook into Oracle's database security products. This enhancement is only available to Oracle Database customers. Enhanced Security Definitions - Security Administrators use the product browser front end to control access rights of defined users. While this is sufficient for most sites, a new security portal has been introduced to speed up the maintenance of security information. Oracle Identity Manager Integration - With the popularity of Oracle's Identity Management Suite, the Framework now provides an integration adapter and Identity Manager Generic Transport Connector (GTC) to allow users and group membership to be provisioned to any Oracle Utilities Application Framework based product from Oracle's Identity Manager. This is also available for Oracle Utilties Application Framework V2.2 customers. Refer to My Oracle Support KBid 970785.1 - Oracle Identity Manager Integration Overview. Audit On Inquiry - Typically the configurable audit facility in the Oracle Utilities Application Framework is used to audit changes to records. In Oracle Utilities Application Framework the Business Services and Service Scripts could be configured to audit inquiries as well. Now it is possible to attach auditing capabilities to zones on the product (including base package ones). Time Zone Support - In some of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework based products, the timezone of the end user is a factor in the processing. The user object has been extended to allow the recording of time zone information for use in product functionality. JAAS Suport - Internally the Oracle Utilities Application Framework uses a number of techniques to validate and transmit security information across the architecture. These various methods have been reconciled into using Java Authentication and Authorization Services for standardized security. This is strictly an internal change with no direct on how security operates externally. JMX Based Cache Management - In the last bullet point, I mentioned extra security applied to cache management from the browser. Alternatively a JMX based interface is now provided to allow IT operations to control the cache without the browser interface. This JMX capability can be initiated from a JSR120 compliant JMX console or JMX browser. I will be writing another more detailed blog entry on the JMX enhancements as it is quite a change and an exciting direction for the product line. Data Patch Permissions - The database installer provided with the product required lower levels of security for some operations. At some sites they wanted the ability for non-DBA's to execute the utilities in a controlled fashion. The framework now allows feature configuration to allow delegation for patch execution. User Enable Support - At some sites, the use of temporary staff such as contractors is commonplace. In this scenario, temporary security setups were required and used. A potential issue has arisen when the contractor left the company. Typically the IT group would remove the contractor from the security repository to prevent login using that contractors userid but the userid could NOT be removed from the authorization model becuase of audit requirements (if any user in the product updates financials or key data their userid is recorded for audit purposes). It is now possible to effectively diable the user from the security model to prevent any use of the useridwhilst retaining audit information. These are a subset of the security changes in Oracle Utilities Application Framework. More details about the security capabilities of the product is contained in My Oracle Support KB Id 773473.1 - Oracle Utilities Application Framework Security Overview.

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  • In Javascript event handling, why "return false" or "event.preventDefault()" and "stopping the event

    - by Jian Lin
    It is said that when we handle a "click event", returning false or calling event.preventDefault() makes a difference, in which the difference is that preventDefault will only prevent the default event action to occur, i.e. a page redirect on a link click, a form submission, etc. and return false will also stop the event flow. Does that mean, if the click event is registered several times for several actions, using $('#clickme').click(function() { … }) returning false will stop the other handlers from running? I am on a Mac now and so can only use Firefox and Chrome but not IE, which has a different event model, and tested it on FF and Chrome and all 3 handlers ran without any stopping…. so what is the real difference, or, is there a situation where "stopping the event flow" is not desirable? this is related to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3042036/using-jquerys-animate-if-the-clicked-on-element-is-a-href-a and http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2017755/whats-the-difference-between-e-preventdefault-and-return-false

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  • The Importance of a Security Assessment - by Michael Terra, Oracle

    - by Darin Pendergraft
    Today's Blog was written by Michael Terra, who was the Subject Matter Expert for the recently announced Oracle Online Security Assessment. You can take the Online Assessment here: Take the Online Assessment Over the past decade, IT Security has become a recognized and respected Business discipline.  Several factors have contributed to IT Security becoming a core business and organizational enabler including, but not limited to, increased external threats and increased regulatory pressure. Security is also viewed as a key enabler for strategic corporate activities such as mergers and acquisitions.Now, the challenge for senior security professionals is to develop an ongoing dialogue within their organizations about the importance of information security and how it can impact their organization's strategic objectives/mission. The importance of conducting regular “Security Assessments” across the IT and physical infrastructure has become increasingly important. Security standards and frameworks, such as the international standard ISO 27001, are increasingly being adopted by organizations and their business partners as proof of their security posture and “Security Assessments” are a great way to ensure a continued alignment to these frameworks.Oracle offers a number of different security assessment covering a broad range of technologies. Some of these are short engagements conducted for free with our strategic customers and partners. Others are longer term paid engagements delivered by Oracle Consulting Services or one of our partners. The goal of a security assessment, (also known as a security audit or security review), is to ensure that necessary security controls are integrated into the design and implementation of a project, application or technology.  A properly completed security assessment should provide documentation outlining any security gaps that exist in an infrastructure and the associated risks for those gaps. With that knowledge, an organization can choose to either mitigate, transfer, avoid or accept the risk. One example of an Oracle offering is a Security Readiness Assessment:The Oracle Security Readiness Assessment is a practical security architecture review focused on aligning an organization’s enterprise security architecture to their business principals and strategic objectives. The service will establish a multi-phase security architecture roadmap focused on supporting new and existing business initiatives.Offering OverviewThe Security Readiness Assessment will: Define an organization’s current security posture and provide a roadmap to a desired future state architecture by mapping  security solutions to business goals Incorporate commonly accepted security architecture concepts to streamline an organization’s security vision from strategy to implementation Define the people, process and technology implications of the desired future state architecture The objective is to deliver cohesive, best practice security architectures spanning multiple domains that are unique and specific to the context of your organization. Offering DetailsThe Oracle Security Readiness Assessment is a multi-stage process with a dedicated Oracle Security team supporting your organization.  During the course of this free engagement, the team will focus on the following: Review your current business operating model and supporting IT security structures and processes Partner with your organization to establish a future state security architecture leveraging Oracle’s reference architectures, capability maps, and best practices Provide guidance and recommendations on governance practices for the rollout and adoption of your future state security architecture Create an initial business case for the adoption of the future state security architecture If you are interested in finding out more, ask your Sales Consultant or Account Manager for details.

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  • SQL SERVER – Transaction Log Full – Transaction Log Larger than Data File – Notes from Fields #001

    - by Pinal Dave
    I am very excited to announce a new series on this blog – Notes from Fields. I have been blogging for almost 7 years on this blog and it has been a wonderful experience. Though, I have extensive experience with SQL and Databases, it is always a good idea that we consult experts for their advice and opinion. Following the same thought process, I have started this new series of Notes from Fields. In this series we will have notes from various experts in the database world. My friends at Linchpin People have graciously decided to support me in my new initiation.  Linchpin People are database coaches and wellness experts for a data driven world. In this very first episode of the Notes from Fields series database expert Tim Radney (partner at Linchpin People) explains a very common issue DBA and Developer faces in their career, when database logs fills up your hard-drive or your database log is larger than your data file. Read the experience of Tim in his own words. As a consultant, I encounter a number of common issues with clients.  One of the more common things I encounter is finding a user database in the FULL recovery model that does not make a regular transaction log backups or ever had a transaction log backup. When I find this, usually the transaction log is several times larger than the data file. Finding this issue is very significant to me in that it allows to me to discuss service level agreements with the client. I get to ask questions such as, are nightly full backups sufficient or do they need point in time recovery.  This conversation has now signed with the customer and gets them to thinking about their disaster recovery and high availability solutions. This issue is also very prominent on SQL Server forums and usually has the title of “Help, my transaction log has filled up my disk” or “Help, my transaction log is many times the size of my database”. In cases where the client only needs the previous full nights backup, I am able to change the recovery model to SIMPLE and shrink the transaction log using DBCC SHRINKFILE (2,1) or by specifying the transaction log file name by using DBCC SHRINKFILE (file_name, target_size). When the client needs point in time recovery then in most cases I will still end up switching the client to the SIMPLE recovery model to truncate the transaction log followed by a full backup. I will then schedule a SQL Agent job to make the regular transaction log backups with an interval determined by the client to meet their service level agreements. It should also be noted that typically when I find an overgrown transaction log the virtual log file count is also out of control. I clean up will always take that into account as well.  That is a subject for a future blog post. If your SQL Server is facing any issue we can Fix Your SQL Server. Additional reading: Monitoring SQL Server Database Transaction Log Space Growth – DBCC SQLPERF(logspace)  SQL SERVER – How to Stop Growing Log File Too Big Shrinking Truncate Log File – Log Full Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Backup and Restore, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • ???Flashback Log???????Redo Log?

    - by Liu Maclean(???)
    ????????????????????redo log?   RVWR( Recovery Writer)?3s??flashback generate buffer??block before image?????????? ?????block change???RVWR??block before image ?flashback log? ?????????,Oracle???????????before image????????,????????flashback database logs?????   ???????????,????? ??????????????????,???????????before image?????shared pool??flashback log buffer?,RVWR??????flashback log buffer??????????? ?DBWR???????????????,DBWR?????buffer header??FBA(Flashback Byte Address)?flashback log buffer?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????????? , RVWR???????????(flashback markers)?flashback database logs?? ????(flashback markers)?????????????Oracle??flashback ??????????  ??????????, Oracle ??????(flashback markers)????????????flashback database log???????????block image; ??Oracle ???????(forward recovery)?????????????????SCN?????? flashback markers for example: **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 4 bof 8184) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 3 (Skip) Size: 8132 RECORD DATA (Skip): **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 4 bof 52) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 7 (Begin Crash Recovery Record) Size: 36 RECORD DATA (Begin Crash Recovery Record): Previous logical record fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 3 bof 316) Record scn: 0x0000.00000000 [0.0] **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 3 bof 8184) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 3 (Skip) Size: 7868 RECORD DATA (Skip): **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 3 bof 316) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 2 (Marker) Size: 300 RECORD DATA (Marker): Previous logical record fba: (lno 0 thr 0 seq 0 bno 0 bof 0) Record scn: 0x0000.00000000 [0.0] Marker scn: 0x0000.0060e024 [0.6348836] 06/13/2012 15:56:35 Flag 0x0 Flashback threads: 1, Enabled redo threads 1 Recovery Start Checkpoint: scn: 0x0000.0060e024 [0.6348836] 06/13/2012 15:56:12 thread:1 rba:(0x80.180.10) Flashback thread Markers: Thread:1 status:0 fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 2 bof 8184) Redo Thread Checkpoint Info: Thread:1 rba:(0x80.180.10) **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 2 bof 8184) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 3 (Skip) Size: 8168 RECORD DATA (Skip): End-Of-Thread reached ????????????????block change ????before image????????flashback log?? ?????block change???flashback log record ????????? redo log???!????flashback log ???????before image ? redo log??? change vector ?  Oracle?????????????????????????????????????,??????I/O??????????????: ??hot block??,Oracle???????????block image?????; Oracle ?????????(flashback barriers)???????????????,flashback barriers???????(???15??),??????????(flashback barriers)????(flashback markers)????????? ????, ??????change?????, ???????????????????????????, ?15????????????????????flashback log????????before image?????????????,?????????????????????,?????????????? ????????,??????????????(flashback barriers), flashback barriers???????,?????15????? ?????flashback barriers????????(flashback markers)???????????????,???????????????????(????barriers?????)??????block image ,????????????????????????????????? ??????????flashback log????redo log????! ????,????????????????, ?????????? SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production CORE 11.2.0.3.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production SQL> select * from global_name; GLOBAL_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- www.oracledatabase12g.com SQL> create table flash_maclean (t1 varchar2(200)) tablespace users; Table created. SQL> insert into flash_maclean values('MACLEAN LOVE HANNA'); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 939495424 bytes Fixed Size 2233960 bytes Variable Size 713034136 bytes Database Buffers 218103808 bytes Redo Buffers 6123520 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> update flash_maclean set t1='HANNA LOVE MACLEAN'; 1 row updated. commit; Commit complete. SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. SQL> select dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid),dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) from flash_maclean; DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID) DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(ROWID) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ 140431 4 datafile 4 block 140431 ??RDBA rdba: 0x0102248f (4/140431) SQL> ! ps -ef|grep rvwr|grep -v grep oracle 26695 1 0 15:56 ? 00:00:00 ora_rvwr_G11R23 SQL> oradebug setospid 26695 Oracle pid: 20, Unix process pid: 26695, image: [email protected] (RVWR) SQL> ORADEBUG DUMP FBTAIL 1; Statement processed. To dump the last 2000 flashback records , ??ORADEBUG DUMP FBTAIL 1????????2000?????? SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/orabase/diag/rdbms/g11r23/G11R23/trace/G11R23_rvwr_26695.trc ? TRACE?????????block? before image **** Record at fba: (lno 1 thr 1 seq 1 bno 55 bof 2564) **** RECORD HEADER: Type: 1 (Block Image) Size: 28 RECORD DATA (Block Image): file#: 4 rdba: 0x0102248f Next scn: 0x0000.00000000 [0.0] Flag: 0x0 Block Size: 8192 BLOCK IMAGE: buffer rdba: 0x0102248f scn: 0x0000.00609044 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x06 tail: 0x90440601 frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0xc626 type: 0x06=trans data Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1 Dump of memory from 0x00002B1D94183C00 to 0x00002B1D94185C00 2B1D94183C00 0000A206 0102248F 00609044 06010000 [.....$..D.`.....] 2B1D94183C10 0000C626 00000001 00014AD4 0060903A [&........J..:.`.] 2B1D94183C20 00000000 00320002 01022488 00090006 [......2..$......] 2B1D94183C30 00000CC8 00C00340 000D0542 00008000 [[email protected].......] 2B1D94183C40 006040BC 000F000A 00000920 00C002E4 [.@`..... .......] 2B1D94183C50 0017048F 00002001 00609044 00000000 [..... ..D.`.....] 2B1D94183C60 00000000 00010100 0014FFFF 1F6E1F77 [............w.n.] 2B1D94183C70 00001F6E 1F770001 00000000 00000000 [n.....w.........] 2B1D94183C80 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 [................] Repeat 500 times 2B1D94185BD0 00000000 00000000 2C000000 4D120102 [...........,...M] 2B1D94185BE0 454C4341 4C204E41 2045564F 4E4E4148 [ACLEAN LOVE HANN] 2B1D94185BF0 01002C41 43414D07 4E41454C 90440601 [A,...MACLEAN..D.] Block header dump: 0x0102248f Object id on Block? Y seg/obj: 0x14ad4 csc: 0x00.60903a itc: 2 flg: E typ: 1 - DATA brn: 0 bdba: 0x1022488 ver: 0x01 opc: 0 inc: 0 exflg: 0 Itl Xid Uba Flag Lck Scn/Fsc 0x01 0x0006.009.00000cc8 0x00c00340.0542.0d C--- 0 scn 0x0000.006040bc 0x02 0x000a.00f.00000920 0x00c002e4.048f.17 --U- 1 fsc 0x0000.00609044 bdba: 0x0102248f data_block_dump,data header at 0x2b1d94183c64 =============== tsiz: 0x1f98 hsiz: 0x14 pbl: 0x2b1d94183c64 76543210 flag=-------- ntab=1 nrow=1 frre=-1 fsbo=0x14 fseo=0x1f77 avsp=0x1f6e tosp=0x1f6e 0xe:pti[0] nrow=1 offs=0 0x12:pri[0] offs=0x1f77 block_row_dump: tab 0, row 0, @0x1f77 tl: 22 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x2 cc: 1 col 0: [18] 4d 41 43 4c 45 41 4e 20 4c 4f 56 45 20 48 41 4e 4e 41 end_of_block_dump SQL> select dump('MACLEAN LOVE HANNA',16) from dual; DUMP('MACLEANLOVEHANNA',16) -------------------------------------------------------------------- Typ=96 Len=18: 4d,41,43,4c,45,41,4e,20,4c,4f,56,45,20,48,41,4e,4e,41 ???????????????????????,??flashback log??before image????????? create table flash_maclean1 (t1 int) tablespace users; SQL> select vs.name, ms.value 2 from v$mystat ms, v$sysstat vs 3 where vs.statistic# = ms.statistic# 4 and vs.name in ('redo size','db block changes'); NAME VALUE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- db block changes 0 redo size 0 SQL> select name,value from v$sysstat where name like 'flashback log%'; NAME VALUE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- flashback log writes 49 flashback log write bytes 9306112 SQL> begin 2 for i in 1..5000 loop 3 update flash_maclean1 set t1=t1+1; 4 commit; 5 end loop; 6 end; 7 / PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> select vs.name, ms.value 2 from v$mystat ms, v$sysstat vs 3 where vs.statistic# = ms.statistic# 4 and vs.name in ('redo size','db block changes'); NAME VALUE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- db block changes 20006 redo size 3071288 SQL> select name,value from v$sysstat where name like 'flashback log%'; NAME VALUE ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- flashback log writes 52 flashback log write bytes 10338304 ??????????? ??hot block,???20006 ?block changes???? ??? 3000k ?redo log ? ??1000k? flashback log ?

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  • Security as a Service (SecaaS) for Amazon EC2

    - by Dave
    I'm looking for a security as a service (SecaaS) provider or open source solution for Amazon EC2 instances, however I can't seem to find much on Google or elsewhere so was wondering if anyone knows where I could find this service? Ideally I'm looking for something that offers virtual firewalls, email and web security and virtual spam prevention. If anyone has any information on SecaaS i'd appreciate it, Thanks in advance

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  • Consolidate Data in Private Clouds, But Consider Security and Regulatory Issues

    - by Troy Kitch
    The January 13 webcast Security and Compliance for Private Cloud Consolidation will provide attendees with an overview of private cloud computing based on Oracle's Maximum Availability Architecture and how security and regulatory compliance affects implementations. Many organizations are taking advantage of Oracle's Maximum Availability Architecture to drive down the cost of IT by deploying private cloud computing environments that can support downtime and utilization spikes without idle redundancy. With two-thirds of sensitive and regulated data in organizations' databases private cloud database consolidation means organizations must be more concerned than ever about protecting their information and addressing new regulatory challenges. Join us for this webcast to learn about greater risks and increased threats to private cloud data and how Oracle Database Security Solutions can assist in securely consolidating data and meet compliance requirements. Register Now.

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  • Attached event triggering if event is same as current event

    - by Psytronic
    I have a button which start/stops a timer. When I click it, I remove the current event handler, and attach the opposite one. Ie, click "Stop", and the "Start" function is attached for the next click. However in IE (7), not sure about 8. The newly attached event is also triggering after the original function is finished: Lifeline in IE7: Button pushed -- "Stop" function begins -- "Stop" function removed -- "Start" function attached -- "Stop" function finishes -- "Start" function is called. I know it's to do with the attaching event bit, because If I remove it, the Start event doesn't fire. This seems a bit odd, as I have the same situation in the "Start" function, ie, "Start" removed, "Stop" called. But this doesn't seem to cause an infinite loop, thankfully. if(btn.attachEvent){ btn.detachEvent("onclick", stop); btn.attachEvent("onclick", start); }else if(btn.addEventListener){ btn.removeEventListener("click", stop, true); btn.addEventListener("click", start , true); } It all works fine in FF and Chrome. I have switched the order of attach/detach, just to see if it makes a difference, but it doesn't. Addendum Sorry, and no answers involving jQuery, Protoype et al. Its not something I want to integrate for this project.

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  • SQL Server Log File Size Management

    - by Rob
    I have all my databases in full recovery and have the log backups happening every 15 minutes so my log files are usually pretty small. question is if there is a nightly operation that causes lots of transactions to happen and causes my log files to grow, should i shrink them back down afterward? Does having a gigantic log file negatively affect the database performance? Disk space isn't an issue at this time.

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  • Call a function when "event.GetFrom(m_cpVoice)==S_OK" (ergo when event happens) [SAPI 5.1 and C++]

    - by Jesuskiewicz
    Hello, I'm doing a project with a 3D model, that speaks. So, I'm using SAPI 5.1, and I want to call a function asynchronously when there's a Viseme event (in order to play the animation related to). How could I do it? Thank you very much. Note: I use : hRes = m_cpVoice-Speak(L"All I want is to solve this problem", SPF_ASYNC , NULL); And I know the CspEvent, event.eEventId . All I want is how to call a function when Sapi event happens

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  • Logrotate not doing any rotation

    - by blizz
    I just set up LogRotate on my RHEL6 server so that it rotates my custom Apache log files. However, it doesn't do anything when i try manually running it. I expect it to rotate the log files "access.log" and "err.log". They have been there for a few days and need to be rotated. Here is the output: [root@pc1 httpd]# logrotate -d -f /etc/logrotate.d/apache reading config file /etc/logrotate.d/apache reading config info for /var/log/httpd/*log /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log Handling 1 logs rotating pattern: /var/log/httpd/*log /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log forced from command line (no old logs will be kept) empty log files are rotated, old logs are removed considering log /var/log/httpd/access_log log needs rotating considering log /var/log/httpd/error_log log needs rotating considering log /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log log needs rotating considering log /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log log needs rotating rotating log /var/log/httpd/access_log, log->rotateCount is 0 dateext suffix '-20131023' glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' glob finding old rotated logs failed fscreate context set to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_log_t:s0 renaming /var/log/httpd/access_log to /var/log/httpd/access_log-20131023 disposeName will be /var/log/httpd/access_log-20131023.gz running postrotate script running script with arg /var/log/httpd/access_log: " /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd " compressing log with: /bin/gzip removing old log /var/log/httpd/access_log-20131023.gz error: error opening /var/log/httpd/access_log-20131023.gz: No such file or directory rotating log /var/log/httpd/error_log, log->rotateCount is 0 dateext suffix '-20131023' glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' glob finding old rotated logs failed fscreate context set to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_log_t:s0 renaming /var/log/httpd/error_log to /var/log/httpd/error_log-20131023 disposeName will be /var/log/httpd/error_log-20131023.gz running postrotate script running script with arg /var/log/httpd/error_log: " /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd " compressing log with: /bin/gzip removing old log /var/log/httpd/error_log-20131023.gz error: error opening /var/log/httpd/error_log-20131023.gz: No such file or directory rotating log /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log, log->rotateCount is 0 dateext suffix '-20131023' glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' glob finding old rotated logs failed fscreate context set to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_rw_content_t:s0 renaming /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log to /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log-20131023 disposeName will be /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log-20131023.gz running postrotate script running script with arg /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log: " /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd " compressing log with: /bin/gzip removing old log /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log-20131023.gz error: error opening /var/www/html/NSLogs/access.log-20131023.gz: No such file or directory rotating log /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log, log->rotateCount is 0 dateext suffix '-20131023' glob pattern '-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' glob finding old rotated logs failed fscreate context set to unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_rw_content_t:s0 renaming /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log to /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log-20131023 disposeName will be /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log-20131023.gz running postrotate script running script with arg /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log: " /usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd " compressing log with: /bin/gzip removing old log /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log-20131023.gz error: error opening /var/www/html/NSErrorLogs/err.log-20131023.gz: No such file or directory

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  • Updated Security Baseline (7u45) impacts Java 7u40 and before with High Security settings

    - by costlow
    The Java Security Baseline has been increased from 7u25 to 7u45.  For versions of Java below 7u45, this means unsigned Java applets or Java applets that depend on Javascript LiveConnect calls will be blocked when using the High Security setting in the Java Control Panel. This issue only affects Applets and Web Start applications. It does not affect other types of Java applications. The Short Answer Users upgrading to Java 7 update 45 will automatically fix this and is strongly recommended. The More Detailed Answer There are two items involved as described on the deployment flowchart: The Security Baseline – a dynamically updated attribute that checks to see which Java version contains the most recent security patches. The Security Slider – the user-controlled setting of when to prompt/run/block applets. The Security Baseline Java clients periodically check in to understand what version contains the most recent security patches. Versions are released in-between that contain bug fixes. For example: 7u25 (July 2013) was the previous secure baseline. 7u40 contained bug fixes. Because this did not contain security patches, users were not required to upgrade and were welcome to remain on 7u25. When 7u45 was released (October, 2013), this critical patch update contained security patches and raised the secure baseline. Users are required to upgrade from earlier versions. For users that are not regularly connected to the internet, there is a built in Expiration Date. Because of the pre-established quarterly critical patch updates, we are able to determine an approximate date of the next version. A critical patch released in July will have its successor released, at latest, in July + 3 months: October. The Security Slider The security slider is located within the Java control panel and determines which Applets & Web Start applications will prompt, which will run, and which will be blocked. One of the questions used to determine prompt/run/block is, “At or Above the Security Baseline.” The Combination JavaScript calls made from LiveConnect do not reside within signed JAR files, so they are considered to be unsigned code. This is correct within networked systems even if the domain uses HTTPS because signed JAR files represent signed "data at rest" whereas TLS (often called SSL) literally stands for "Transport Level Security" and secures the communication channel, not the contents/code within the channel. The resulting flow of users who click "update later" is: Is the browser plug-in registered and allowed to run? Yes. Does a rule exist for this RIA? No rules apply. Does the RIA have a valid signature? Yes and not revoked. Which security prompt is needed? JRE is below the baseline. This is because 7u45 is the baseline and the user, clicked "upgrade later." Under the default High setting, Unsigned code is set to "Don’t Run" so users see: Additional Notes End Users can control their own security slider within the control panel. System Administrators can customize the security slider during automated installations. As a reminder, in the future, Java 7u51 (January 2014) will block unsigned and self-signed Applets & Web Start applications by default.

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  • Latest Security Updates for Java are Available for Download

    - by Akemi Iwaya
    Oracle has released new updates that patch 40 security holes in their Java Runtime Environment software. Anyone who needs or actively uses the Java Runtime Environment for work or gaming should promptly update their Java installation as soon as possible. One thing to keep in mind is that there are limitations placed on updates for older versions of Java as shown in the following excerpt. If you are using an older version, then it is recommended that you update to the Java SE 7 release if possible (depending on your usage circumstances). From the The H Security blog post: Only the current version of Java, Java SE 7, will be updated for free; downloads of the new version, Java SE 7 Update 25, are available and existing installs should auto-update. Mac OS X users will get an updated Java SE 6 for their systems as an automatic update; Java SE 7 on Mac OS X is updated by Oracle. Users of other older versions of Java will only get updates if they have a maintenance contract with Oracle. Affected Product Releases and Versions: JDK and JRE 7 Update 21 and earlier JDK and JRE 6 Update 45 and earlier JDK and JRE 5.0 Update 45 and earlier JavaFX 2.2.21 and earlier Note: If you do not need Java on your system, we recommend uninstalling it entirely or disabling the browser plugin. You can download and read through the details about the latest Java updates by visiting the links shown below.    

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  • Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 12 &ndash; Networking Security

    - by MarkPearl
    After reading this section you should be able to Identify security risks in LANs and WANs and design security policies that minimize risks Explain how physical security contributes to network security Discuss hardware and design based security techniques Understand methods of encryption such as SSL and IPSec, that can secure data in storage and in transit Describe how popular authentication protocols such as RADIUS< TACACS,Kerberos, PAP, CHAP, and MS-CHAP function Use network operating system techniques to provide basic security Understand wireless security protocols such as WEP, WPA and 802.11i Security Audits Before spending time and money on network security, examine your networks security risks – rate and prioritize risks. Different organizations have different levels of network security requirements. Security Risks Not all security breaches result from a manipulation of network technology – there are human factors that can play a role as well. The following categories are areas of considerations… Risks associated with People Risks associated with Transmission and Hardware Risks associated with Protocols and Software Risks associated with Internet Access An effective security policy A security policy identifies your security goals, risks, levels of authority, designated security coordinator and team members, responsibilities for each team member, and responsibilities for each employee. In addition it specifies how to address security breaches. It should not state exactly which hardware, software, architecture, or protocols will be used to ensure security, nor how hardware or software will be installed and configured. A security policy must address an organizations specific risks. to understand your risks, you should conduct a security audit that identifies vulnerabilities and rates both the severity of each threat and its likelihood of occurring. Security Policy Content Security policy content should… Policies for each category of security Explain to users what they can and cannot do and how these measures protect the networks security Should define what confidential means to the organization Response Policy A security policy should provide for a planned response in the event of a security breach. The response policy should identify the members of a response team, all of whom should clearly understand the the security policy, risks, and measures in place. Some of the roles concerned could include… Dispatcher – the person on call who first notices the breach Manager – the person who coordinates the resources necessary to solve the problem Technical Support Specialist – the person who focuses on solving the problem Public relations specialist – the person who acts as the official spokesperson for the organization Physical Security An important element in network security is restricting physical access to its components. There are various techniques for this including locking doors, security people at access points etc. You should identify the following… Which rooms contain critical systems or data and must be secured Through what means might intruders gain access to these rooms How and to what extent are authorized personnel granted access to these rooms Are authentication methods such as ID cards easy to forge etc. Security in Network Design The optimal way to prevent external security breaches from affecting you LAN is not to connect your LAN to the outside world at all. The next best protection is to restrict access at every point where your LAN connects to the rest of the world. Router Access List – can be used to filter or decline access to a portion of a network for certain devices. Intrusion Detection and Prevention While denying someone access to a section of the network is good, it is better to be able to detect when an attempt has been made and notify security personnel. This can be done using IDS (intrusion detection system) software. One drawback of IDS software is it can detect false positives – i.e. an authorized person who has forgotten his password attempts to logon. Firewalls A firewall is a specialized device, or a computer installed with specialized software, that selectively filters or blocks traffic between networks. A firewall typically involves a combination of hardware and software and may reside between two interconnected private networks. The simplest form of a firewall is a packet filtering firewall, which is a router that examines the header of every packet of data it receives to determine whether that type of packet is authorized to continue to its destination or not. Firewalls can block traffic in and out of a LAN. NOS (Network Operating System) Security Regardless of the operating system, generally every network administrator can implement basic security by restricting what users are authorized to do on a network. Some of the restrictions include things related to Logons – place, time of day, total time logged in, etc Passwords – length, characters used, etc Encryption Encryption is the use of an algorithm to scramble data into a format that can be read only by reversing the algorithm. The purpose of encryption is to keep information private. Many forms of encryption exist and new ways of cracking encryption are continually being invented. The following are some categories of encryption… Key Encryption PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) SSH (Secure Shell) SCP (Secure CoPy) SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) For a detailed explanation on each section refer to pages 596 to 604 of textbook Authentication Protocols Authentication protocols are the rules that computers follow to accomplish authentication. Several types exist and the following are some of the common authentication protocols… RADIUS and TACACS PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) CHAP and MS-CHAP EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) 802.1x (EAPoL) Kerberos Wireless Network Security Wireless transmissions are particularly susceptible to eavesdropping. The following are two wireless network security protocols WEP WPA

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