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• Spy++ for PowerBuilder applications

  - by Frerich Raabe

  Hi, I'm trying to write a tool which lets me inspect the state of a PowerBuilder-based application. What I'm thinking of is something like Spy++ (or, even nicer, 'Snoop' as it exists for .NET applications) which lets me inspect the object tree (and properties of objects) of some PowerBuilder-based GUI. I did the same for ordinary (MFC-based) applications as well as .NET applications already, but unfortunately I never developed an application in PowerBuilder myself, so I'm generally thinking about two problems at this point: Is there some API (preferably in Java or C/C++) available which lets one traverse the tree of visual objects of a PowerBuilder application? I read up a bit on the PowerBuilder Native Interface system, but it seems that this is meant to write PowerBuilder extensions in C/C++ which can then be called from the PowerBuilder script language, right? If there is some API available - maybe PowerBuilder applications even expose some sort of IPC-enabled API which lets me inspect the state of a PowerBuilder object hierarchy without being within the process of the PowerBuilder application? Maybe there's an automation interface available, or something COM-based - or maybe something else? Right now, my impression is that probably need to inject a DLL into the process of the PowerBuilder application and then gain access to the running PowerBuilder VM so that I can query it for the object tree. Some sort of IPC mechanism will then let me transport this information out of the PowerBuilder application's process. Does anybody have some experience with this or can shed some light on whether anybody tried to do this already? Best regards, Frerich

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• How "unique" is a Windows Product Key?

  - by Uwe Raabe

  I'm wondering if the Windows Product Key used for activating any Windows since XP is unique to this installation. How do OEM systems and corporate licenses fit into this scheme? Do they use the same product key for several systems or is each one activated with a seperate key?

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• Does kern.hz still have any relevance in FreeBSD if "dynamic tick mode" is enabled?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm running a FreeBSD 9.0 setup as a virtual machine in a KVM setup. In previous versions of FreeBSD it was common to force the kern.hz setting to a lower value so that the virtual machine does not keep the host busy because it's handling timer interrupts without having any work to do - the FreeBSD Handbook explains: The most important step is to reduce the kern.hz tunable to reduce the CPU utilization of FreeBSD under the Parallels environment. This is accomplished by adding the following line to /boot/loader.conf: kern.hz=100 Without this setting, an idle FreeBSD Parallels guest OS will use roughly 15% of the CPU of a single processor iMac®. After this change the usage will be closer to a mere 5%. However, in FreeBSD 9, the "dynamic tick mode" (aka "tickless mode") is the default, controlled by the kern.eventtimer.periodic setting which defaults to 0 (read: tickless mode). This makes me wonder - does the tip of lowering kern.hz still have any relevance for making FreeBSD 9 play nicely in a virtual machine setup?

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• How can I make an alias expand to a list of recipients returned by a command?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I have an rarely used /etc/aliases entry vmailusers: :include:/usr/local/etc/vmailusers The /usr/local/etc/vmailusers file is generated by a cronjob executing ls /home/vmail | grep -v lists > /usr/locale/etc/vmailusers chmod 0640 /usr/local/etc/vmailusers chmod mailnull:mail /usr/local/etc/vmailusers Is there a way to avoid having to run a cron job but rather execute the ls command in the very moment the vmailusers alias is used?

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• How do you avoid that server documentation gets out of sync with the actual setup?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm a hobbyist maintaining a small FreeBSD server serving mail via IMAP - it's an exercise in server administration. The setup does have reasonably good documentation (in AsciiDoc format) which recently allowed another person to recreate the entire setup from scratch in less than 30 minutes. However, I noticed that after the initial setup, it easily happens that small changes done to the system (say: inetd gets disabbled, my IMAP server listens on an additional port for ManageSieve connections, a new router is added to the exim configuration) don't end up in the documentation immediately (if at all). My idea was to avoid this problem by (partially?) generating the documentation out of the configuration files and the comments therein - one way to implement this may be to put /etc and /usr/local/etc into some source code management system (say - git) and then run a script which regenerates the documentation on every commit. However, I'm not sure whether that would be overkill and/or too difficult to get right (after all, I don't want complete copies of the source files in my documentation but rather just the diffs). How do other people avoid that the server documentation gets outdated - is there a good way to keep them in sync automatically, or do you just have the discipline to update the documentation the same time you modify the system?

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• How can I detect message boxes popping up in another process?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'd like to execute some code whenever a (any!) message box (as spawned by the MessageBox Function) is shown in another process. I didn't start the process I'm monitoring. I can think of three approaches: Install a global CBT Hook procedure which tells me whenever a window is created on the desktop. Then, check whether the window belongs to the process I'm monitoring and whether the class name is #32770 (which is the class name of dialogs according to the About Window Classes page at the MSDN). This would probably work, but it would pull the DLL which contains the hook procedure into virtually every process on the desktop, and the hook procedure gets called a lot. It smells like a potential perfomance problem. Try to subclass the #32770 system window class (is this possible at all?) and look for WM_CREATE messages in my custom window procedure. Intercept the MessageBox Function API call (even though the remote process is running already!) and call my code from the hook function. So far, I only know that the first idea is feasible, but it seems really inefficient. Can anybody think of a simpler solution than that to this problem?

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• How can I keep an event from being delivered to the GUI until my code finished running?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I installed a global mouse hook function like this: mouseEventHook = ::SetWindowsHookEx( WH_MOUSE_LL, mouseEventHookFn, thisModule, 0 ); The hook function looks like this: RESULT CALLBACK mouseEventHookFn( int code, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { if ( code == HC_ACTION ) { PMSLLHOOKSTRUCT mi = (PMSLLHOOKSTRUCT)lParam; // .. do interesting stuff .. } return ::CallNextHookEx( mouseEventHook, code, wParam, lParam ); } Now, my problem is that I cannot control how long the 'do interesting stuff' part takes exactly. In particular, it might take longer than the LowLevelHooksTimeout defined in the Windows registry. This means that, at least on Windows XP, the system no longer delivers mouse events to my hook function. I'd like to avoid this, but at the same time I need the 'do interesting stuff' part to happen before the target GUI receives the event. I attempted to solve this by doing the 'interesting stuff' work in a separate thread so that the mouseEventHookFn above can post a message to the worker thread and then do a return 1; immediately (which ends the hook function but avoids that the event is handed to the GUI). The idea was that the worker thread, when finished, performs the CallNextHookEx call itself. However, this causes a crash inside of CallNextHookEx (in fact, the crash occurs inside an internal function called PhkNextValid. I assume it's not safe to call CallNextHookEx from outside a hook function, is this true? If so, does anybody else know how I can run code (which needs to interact with the GUI thread of an application) before the GUI receives the event and avoid that my hook function blocks too long?

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• Why does ghci say that 1.1 + 1.1 + 1.1 > 3.3 is True?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I've been going through a Haskell tutorial recently and noticed this behaviour when trying some simple Haskell expressions in the interactive ghci shell: Prelude> 1.1 + 1.1 == 2.2 True Prelude> 1.1 + 1.1 + 1.1 == 3.3 False Prelude> 1.1 + 1.1 + 1.1 > 3.3 True Prelude> 1.1 + 1.1 + 1.1 3.3000000000000003 Does anybody know why that is?

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• How can I rewrite the history of a published git branch in multiple steps?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I've got a git repository with two branches, master and amazing_new_feature. The latter branch contains the work on, well, an amazing new feature. A colleague and me are both working on the same repository, and the two of us commit to both branches. Now the work on the amazing new feature finished, and a bit more than 100 commits were accumulated in the amazing_new_feature branch. I'd like to clean those commits up a bit (using git rebase -i) before merging the work into master. The issue we're facing is that it's quite a pain to rewrite/reorder all 100 commits in one go. Instead, what I'd like to do is: Rewrite/merge/reorder the first few commits in the amazing_new_feature branch and put the result into a dedicated branch which contains the 'cleaned up' history (say, a amazing_new_feature_ready_for_merge branch). Rebase the remaining amazing_new_feature branch on the amazing_new_feature_ready_for_merge branch. Repeat at 1. My idea is that at some point, all the work from amazing_new_feature should be in amazing_new_feature_ready_for_merge and then I can merge the latter into master. Is this a sensible approach, or are there better/easier/more fool-proff solutions to this problem? I'm especially scared about the second step of the above algorithm since it means rebasing a published branch. IIRC it's a dangerous thing to do.

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• How can I avoid encoding mixups of strings in a C/C++ API?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm working on implementing different APIs in C and C++ and wondered what techniques are available for avoiding that clients get the encoding wrong when receiving strings from the framework or passing them back. For instance, imagine a simple plugin API in C++ which customers can implement to influence translations. It might feature a function like this: const char *getTranslatedWord( const char *englishWord ); Now, let's say that I'd like to enforce that all strings are passed as UTF-8. Of course I'd document this requirement, but I'd like the compiler to enforce the right encoding, maybe by using dedicated types. For instance, something like this: class Word { public: static Word fromUtf8( const char *data ) { return Word( data ); } const char *toUtf8() { return m_data; } private: Word( const char *data ) : m_data( data ) { } const char *m_data; }; I could now use this specialized type in the API: Word getTranslatedWord( const Word &englishWord ); Unfortunately, it's easy to make this very inefficient. The Word class lacks proper copy constructors, assignment operators etc.. and I'd like to avoid unnecessary copying of data as much as possible. Also, I see the danger that Word gets extended with more and more utility functions (like length or fromLatin1 or substr etc.) and I'd rather not write Yet Another String Class. I just want a little container which avoids accidental encoding mixups. I wonder whether anybody else has some experience with this and can share some useful techniques. EDIT: In my particular case, the API is used on Windows and Linux using MSVC 6 - MSVC 10 on Windows and gcc 3 & 4 on Linux.

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• How can I notify an application of a programmatically set scrollbar value?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  My code involves standard Scroll Bar control and it happens that I need to change its value programmatically in some cases. I do this using SetScrollInfo function, as in this example: void setScrollBarValue( HWND scrollBar, int value ) { SCROLLINFO si = { sizeof( SCROLLINFO ); } si.fMask = SIF_POS; si.nPos = value; ::SetScrollInfo( scrollBar, SB_CTL, &si, true /* redraw */ ); } This appears to work fine (the thumb of the scrollbar moves around) but it fails to notify the rest of the application of the new scrollbar value. For instance, an edit control which uses the scroll bar (much like in the Windows notepad application) fails to scroll around because it doesn't get notified about the new scrollbar value. In case it matters: the scrollbar I'm modifying is not in the same process as the above setScrollBarValue function. Does anybody know how to achieve this?

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