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  • Huawei b260a gsm modem not forwarding gre for pptp tunnel

    - by Priit
    I have a huawei gsm modem that does not want to let gre through. The goal is to connect into a pptp server thats behind the huawei. In the modems port forwarding settings theres a ready made profile for pptp (1723). After activating that the MS pptp test tools show that connection is being initiated but no gre packets make it to the server. After taking a closer look into the modems iptables rules theres nothing in there about gre. So I tried making gre rules manualy into forward and preroute chains without any success what so ever. As far as I can tell theres no ip_gre module present on the device is that needed for gre forwarding? Thats what I'm afraid of that it doesn't support gre in NAT but how would I turn it into a bridge? The wan interface is ppp0 so bridging it with eth0 would not work right? Is there some iptables rule I could use to make the modem let all the traffic just straight through?

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  • Using public interfaces on a server connected through a GRE tunnel

    - by Evan
    I'm pretty new to networking so please forgive any terminology mistakes. I have 2 servers connected with a GRE tunnel. Server1 (10.0.0.1) ---- Server2 (10.0.0.2) I want to be able to bind to the public IPs on Server2 using Server1. To do this, I setup virtual interfaces with Server2's public IPs on Server1 and then used routing rules on Server1 to route the packets through the GRE tunnel. On Server1: ip rule add from [Server2's first public IP] table gre ip rule add from [Server2's second public IP] table gre ip route add default via 10.0.0.2 dev gre1 table gre This works great and I can see the packets arriving via GRE on Server2. I can see the packet exiting the tunnel on Server2's gre1 device as shown: From Server1: ping -I [Server2's public ip] google.com tcpdump from Server2's GRE tunnel device: 12:07:17.029160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) [Server2's public ip] > 74.125.225.38: ICMP echo request, id 6378, seq 50, length 64 This is exactly the packet I want. However, I'm not seeing it go out at all on eth0:0 (where Server2's public IP is bound to). I've tried to use routing rules to get packets coming from Server2's public IP (which would be coming out of dev gre1) to go through dev eth0 on the public default gateway and that doesn't work either. I'm at a loss, thank you to anyone who can help.

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  • GRE Tunnel over IPsec with Loopback

    - by Alek
    I'm having a really hard time trying to estabilish a VPN connection using a GRE over IPsec tunnel. The problem is that it involves some sort of "loopback" connection which I don't understand -- let alone be able to configure --, and the only help I could find is related to configuring Cisco routers. My network is composed of a router and a single host running Debian Linux. My task is to create a GRE tunnel over an IPsec infrastructure, which is particularly intended to route multicast traffic between my network, which I am allowed to configure, and a remote network, for which I only bear a form containing some setup information (IP addresses and phase information for IPsec). For now it suffices to estabilish a communication between this single host and the remote network, but in the future it will be desirable for the traffic to be routed to other machines on my network. As I said this GRE tunnel involves a "loopback" connection which I have no idea of how to configure. From my previous understanding, a loopback connection is simply a local pseudo-device used mostly for testing purposes, but in this context it might be something more specific that I do not have the knowledge of. I have managed to properly estabilish the IPsec communication using racoon and ipsec-tools, and I believe I'm familiar with the creation of tunnels and addition of addresses to interfaces using ip, so the focus is on the GRE step. The worst part is that the remote peers do not respond to ping requests and the debugging of the general setup is very difficult due to the encrypted nature of the traffic. There are two pairs of IP addresses involved: one pair for the GRE tunnel peer-to-peer connection and one pair for the "loopback" part. There is also an IP range involved, which is supposed to be the final IP addresses for the hosts inside the VPN. My question is: how (or if) can this setup be done? Do I need some special software or another daemon, or does the Linux kernel handle every aspect of the GRE/IPsec tunneling? Please inform me if any extra information could be useful. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • GRE Tunnel over IPsec with Loopback

    - by Alek
    Hello, I'm having a really hard time trying to estabilish a VPN connection using a GRE over IPsec tunnel. The problem is that it involves some sort of "loopback" connection which I don't understand -- let alone be able to configure --, and the only help I could find is related to configuring Cisco routers. My network is composed of a router and a single host running Debian Linux. My task is to create a GRE tunnel over an IPsec infrastructure, which is particularly intended to route multicast traffic between my network, which I am allowed to configure, and a remote network, for which I only bear a form containing some setup information (IP addresses and phase information for IPsec). For now it suffices to estabilish a communication between this single host and the remote network, but in the future it will be desirable for the traffic to be routed to other machines on my network. As I said this GRE tunnel involves a "loopback" connection which I have no idea of how to configure. From my previous understanding, a loopback connection is simply a local pseudo-device used mostly for testing purposes, but in this context it might be something more specific that I do not have the knowledge of. I have managed to properly estabilish the IPsec communication using racoon and ipsec-tools, and I believe I'm familiar with the creation of tunnels and addition of addresses to interfaces using ip, so the focus is on the GRE step. The worst part is that the remote peers do not respond to ping requests and the debugging of the general setup is very difficult due to the encrypted nature of the traffic. There are two pairs of IP addresses involved: one pair for the GRE tunnel peer-to-peer connection and one pair for the "loopback" part. There is also an IP range involved, which is supposed to be the final IP addresses for the hosts inside the VPN. My question is: how (or if) can this setup be done? Do I need some special software or another daemon, or does the Linux kernel handle every aspect of the GRE/IPsec tunneling? Please inform me if any extra information could be useful. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • GRE keepalive with Linux and RouterOS

    - by eri
    I have a Linux host and couple of routerboadrs. I created a GRE tunnel, but Linux does not answer keepalive packages. Then router mark gre connection as unreachable, so I cant send to Linux host from router subnet. If linux sends something into tunnel (ping, etc.) - RouterOS mark connection as reacheble. Second and next packages routed nicely until one minute idle (no traffic). Tunnel in linux a make in this way: remote=x.x.x.x dev=gre21 network=10.21.0.0/16 ip tunnel add ${dev} mode gre remote ${remote} ttl 255 ip addr add 172.16.1.1/24 peer 172.16.1.21 dev ${dev} ip link set ${dev} up ip route add ${network} dev ${dev} And ip l: 14: gre21: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1476 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/gre 0.0.0.0 peer 109.60.170.15 How to set state "running"? How to keep alive tunnel? Ping in cron?

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  • PPTP server stuck at "GRE: Bad checksum from pppd"

    - by user92516
    I am a network engineer having quite limited experience with Ubuntu. I have been following up these online instructions to set up a pptp server but without much luck to get it to work. My server is a vm running an Apple Xserve behind a Cisco firewall. I made sure tcp 1723 and GRE are opened for the box. Below is the syslog output, looks like I always got stuck at GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. I'm running Ubuntu 10.04. Sep 24 13:21:53 ubuntu pptpd[1231]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Sep 24 13:21:53 ubuntu pptpd[1231]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[1232] Sep 24 13:21:53 ubuntu pptpd[1231]: CTRL: Client 166.137.85.165 control connection finished Sep 24 13:22:41 ubuntu pptpd[1276]: MGR: connections limit (100) reached, extra IP addresses ignored Sep 24 13:22:41 ubuntu pptpd[1277]: MGR: Manager process started Sep 24 13:22:41 ubuntu pptpd[1277]: MGR: Maximum of 100 connections available Sep 24 13:22:50 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: CTRL: Client 166.137.85.165 control connection started Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pppd[1279]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Using interface ppp0 Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1 Sep 24 13:22:51 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pppd[1279]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Connection terminated. Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Modem hangup Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pppd[1279]: Exit. Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=805a540,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[1279] Sep 24 13:23:21 ubuntu pptpd[1278]: CTRL: Client 166.137.85.165 control connection finished

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  • How to force certain traffic through GRE tunnel?

    - by wew
    Here's what I do. Server (public internet is 222.x.x.x): echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl -p iptunnel add gre1 mode gre local 222.x.x.x remote 115.x.x.x ttl 255 ip add add 192.168.168.1/30 dev gre1 ip link set gre1 up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.168.0/30 -j SNAT --to-source 222.x.x.x iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 222.x.x.x -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.168.2 Client (public internet is 115.x.x.x): iptunnel add gre1 mode gre local 115.x.x.x remote 222.x.x.x ttl 255 ip add add 192.168.168.2/30 dev gre1 ip link set gre1 up echo '100 tunnel' >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables ip rule add from 192.168.168.0/30 table tunnel ip route add default via 192.168.168.1 table tunnel Until here, all seems going right. But then 1st question, how to use GRE tunnel as a default route? Client computer is still using 115.x.x.x interface as default. 2nd question, how to force only ICMP traffic to go through tunnel, and everything else go default interface? I try doing this in client computer: ip rule add fwmark 200 table tunnel iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p udp -j MARK --set-mark 200 But after doing this, my ping program will timeout (if I not doing 2 command above, and using ping -I gre1 ip instead, it will works). Later I want to do something else also, like only UDP port 53 through tunnel, etc. 3rd question, in client computer, I force one mysql program to listen on gre1 interface 192.168.168.2. In client computer, there's also one more public interface (IP 114.x.x.x)... How to forward traffic properly using iptables and route so mysql also respond a request coming from this 114.x.x.x public interface?

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  • How to setup an IPSec / GRE tunnel on Windows Server 2008

    - by qbeuek
    I have a Windows Server 2008 that has a single network interface configured with a public IP address. My business partner has a private network. From my server, I need to access all the devices on his private network, and those devices must be able to access my server. My business partner has a standard solution for these requirements. They will setup an IPSec + GRE tunnel to my server. They told me, that I will need an additional public IP address for this to work. If it really is necessary, there is no problem, I can get an additional public IP address, although it will be assigned to the same physical network interface. I assume that on my server I will have both public IP addresses and also the private IP address from the tunnel (the same that is visible for the devices inside the private network). What alternatives do I have? Is it possible to configure this tunnel on my Windows Server 2008? Can it be done using only Windows tools, or do I need an additional free / commercial VPN software? If it cannot be done directly on Windows, can I setup an additional virtual machine running Linux, that will handle the IPSec + GRE tasks? How to do it? If it cannot be done on a virtual linux box, will I have to buy and setup a Cisco router to handle the IPSec + GRE tasks? Thanks for your opinions. I'm watching this question to clarify any issues or questions.

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  • Routing subnet over GRE tunnel

    - by eMgz
    Hi, Im trying to configure a GRE over IPSec connection between two subnets. The IPSec tunnel is opened and now I want to add a GRE tunnel over it: ip tunnel add GRE01 mode gre remote 10.244.0.1 local 10.244.245.32 ttl 255 ip link set GRE01 up ip addr add 10.244.248.126 dev GRE01 ip route add 10.244.248.125 dev GRE01 Now I have an interface GRE01 (ifconfig): GRE10 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr <h_addr> inet addr:10.244.248.126 P-t-P:10.244.248.126 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1476 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) And the following routes (ip route list): 10.244.248.125 dev GRE10 scope link <pub_subnet> dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src <pub_ip> default via <pub_gw> dev eth0 metric 100 As a last step, I need now to route my subnet over the tunnel: ip route add 10.245.1.224/28 10.244.248.125 However, I am getting the error Error: either "to" is duplicate, or "10.244.248.125" is a garbage. So, what I didn't understand is why I can't route my subnet over the tunnel, once the only route I have there says that it should route the tunnel IP over the GRE01 interface. Any hint? Thanks.

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  • Gre Tunnel Cisco Linux traffic forwarding

    - by mezgani
    I setup a gre tunnel a cisco router and a Linux machine, the tunnel interface in the Linux box named pic. Well i have to forward traffic coming from cisco through the Linux box. the rules i've set in the Linux box is described as follow: echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -A INPUT -p 47 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i pic -o ppp0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o pic -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE I see the traffic coming from tunnel and forwarded to internet but no reply from sent packet. May i miss something like a routing rule.

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  • Gre tunnel Linux Cisco

    - by mezgani
    I've created a GRE tunnel between LAN A and LAN B. LAN A is behind a router, and LAN B is behind a Linux box and this box has a pppoe interface. When i do tcpdump on Linux box i see that the traffic is routerd to Linux box (tunnel end), so my need is routing the tunnel traffic to internet. I've added these rules to my iptables script, and i stay unable to connect to internet from LAN A Permitting Linux to act as router (necessary to forward packets) echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -A INPUT -p 47 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o gre0 -j MASEQUARADE What i've forgot to set in this case?

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  • GRE subject Computer science

    - by Maddy.Shik
    How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? Agree that its under graduation level and one doesn't need to dig to deep for it. I have done my computer engineering from a college who ranks in top 20 in India. So may be my curriculum has not been that good as compared to international students. Since now i want to get admission in to world renowned university's Ph. D. program. I want to enhance my basic skills up to a level to beat other international students in competition. I want to know good book references which are recommended by professors in international school like CMU, MIT, Standford etc. Like for Algorithms Coreman is considered very good. Good books builds concepts from very basic so that one doesn't need to mug up even a basic concepts. Coreman is just too good with good blend of Mathematics and programming concepts. Definitely Test paper are must but that can be practiced once one has read text books thoroughly. Besides its been 2 years i passed out from college so its is essential for me to revise all concepts from text books. Please tell me standard text books for each subject like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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  • PPTP connection fails with errors 800/806

    - by Mark S. Rasmussen
    I've got a client (Server 2008 R2) that won't connect to our production environment PPTP VPN server (Server 2003, running RRAS). The server is behind a firewall that has TCP1723 open as well as GRE. Other clients at our office are able to connect just fine. Our office is behind a Juniper SSG5-Serial firewall, but all outgoing traffic is allowed, and multiple other clients are able to connect to VPN servers without issues. I've also setup a completely different VPN server on another network outside of our office. The functioning clients connect just fine - the Server 2008 R2 machine doesn't. Thus it's definitely a problem with this machine in particular. I've rebooted it. I've disabled the firewall, no dice on either. I've run PPTPSRV and PPTPCLNT on the server/client and they're able to communicate perfectly - indicating there's no problem using neither TCP1723 nor GRE. The Server 2008 R2 machine is also running as a VPN server itself (incoming connection) and that's working perfectly. We have the issues no matter if there are active incoming connections or not. I'm not sure what my next debugging step would be; any suggestions? EDIT: The event log on the server has the following warning from RasMan: A connection between the VPN server and the VPN client xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx has been established, but the VPN connection cannot be completed. The most common cause for this is that a firewall or router between the VPN server and the VPN client is not configured to allow Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) packets (protocol 47). Verify that the firewalls and routers between your VPN server and the Internet allow GRE packets. Make sure the firewalls and routers on the user's network are also configured to allow GRE packets. If the problem persists, have the user contact the Internet service provider (ISP) to determine whether the ISP might be blocking GRE packets. Obviously this points to GRE being a potential problem. But seeing as I have other clients connectiong without problems, as well as PPTPSRV and PPTPCLNT being able to communicate, I'm suspecting this might be a red herring. EDIT: Here are the anonymized events logged by the client in chronological order: CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY has started dialing a VPN connection using a per-user connection profile named ZZZ. The connection settings are: Dial-in User = XXX\YYY VpnStrategy = PPTP DataEncryption = Require PrerequisiteEntry = AutoLogon = No UseRasCredentials = Yes Authentication Type = CHAP/MS-CHAPv2 Ipv4DefaultGateway = No Ipv4AddressAssignment = By Server Ipv4DNSServerAssignment = By Server Ipv6DefaultGateway = Yes Ipv6AddressAssignment = By Server Ipv6DNSServerAssignment = By Server IpDnsFlags = Register primary domain suffix IpNBTEnabled = Yes UseFlags = Private Connection ConnectOnWinlogon = No. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY is trying to establish a link to the Remote Access Server for the connection named ZZZ using the following device: Server address/Phone Number = XXX.YYY.ZZZ.KKK Device = WAN Miniport (PPTP) Port = VPN3-4 MediaType = VPN. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY has successfully established a link to the Remote Access Server using the following device: Server address/Phone Number = XXX.YYY.ZZZ.KKK Device = WAN Miniport (PPTP) Port = VPN3-4 MediaType = VPN. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The link to the Remote Access Server has been established by user XXX\YYY. CoId={742CB15C-A7E0-47B7-8240-0EFA1139CBD9}: The user XXX\YYY dialed a connection named ZZZ which has failed. The error code returned on failure is 806. Running Wireshark on the client shows it trying and retrying to send a "71 Configuration Request" While the server shows the incoming client requests, but apparently without replying: Given that this is GRE traffic, I think rules out the GRE traffic being blocked. Question is, why doesn't the server reply? This is the Configuration Request the server receives from the non functioning client (meaning no response is sent to the client request): And this is the Configuration Request the server receives from the working client: To me they seem identical, except for differing keys and magic numbers, and the fact that one client receives a response while the other doesn't.

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  • PPTP VPN Not Working - Peer failed CHAP authentication, PTY read or GRE write failed

    - by armani
    Brand-new install of CentOS 6.3. Followed this guide: http://www.members.optushome.com.au/~wskwok/poptop_ads_howto_1.htm And I got PPTPd running [v1.3.4]. I got the VPN to authenticate users against our Active Directory using winbind, smb, etc. All my tests to see if I'm still authenticated to the AD server pass ["kinit -V [email protected]", "smbclient", "wbinfo -t"]. VPN users were able to connect for like . . . an hour. I tried connecting from my Android phone using domain credentials and saw that I got an IP allocated for internal VPN users [which I've since changed the range, but even setting it back to the initial doesn't work]. Ever since then, no matter what settings I try, I pretty much consistently get this in my /var/log/messages [and the VPN client fails]: [root@vpn2 ~]# tail /var/log/messages Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Using interface ppp0 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1 Aug 31 15:57:22 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Peer armaniadm failed CHAP authentication Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Connection terminated. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pppd[18386]: Exit. Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=8059660,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Aug 31 15:57:24 vpn2 pptpd[18385]: CTRL: Client 208.54.86.242 control connection finished Now before you go blaming the firewall [all other forum posts I find seem to go there], this VPN server is on our DMZ network. We're using a Juniper SSG-5 Gateway, and I've assigned a WAN IP to the VPN box itself, zoned into the DMZ zone. Then, I have full "Any IP / Any Protocol" open traffic rules between DMZ<--Untrust Zone, and DMZ<--Trust Zone. I'll limit this later to just the authenticating traffic it needs, but for now I think we can rule out the firewall blocking anything. Here's my /etc/pptpd.conf [omitting comments]: option /etc/ppp/options.pptpd logwtmp localip [EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS] remoteip [ANOTHER_EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS, AND HAVE TRIED AN ARBITRARY GROUP LIKE 5.5.0.0-100] Here's my /etc/ppp/options.pptpd.conf [omitting comments]: name pptpd refuse-pap refuse-chap refuse-mschap require-mschap-v2 require-mppe-128 ms-dns 192.168.200.42 # This is our internal domain controller ms-wins 192.168.200.42 proxyarp lock nobsdcomp novj novjccomp nologfd auth nodefaultroute plugin winbind.so ntlm_auth-helper "/usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=ntlm-server-1" Any help is GREATLY appreciated. I can give you any more info you need to know, and it's a new test server, so I can perform any tests/reboots required to get it up and going. Thanks a ton.

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  • Public IP Routing over Private GRE tunnel

    - by Paul
    I have a GRE tunnel configured between two linux boxes. The tunnel works fine. I can ping from each host the other private ip. Head privateip: 10.0.0.1 publicip: 8.8.8.8 Tail privateip: 10.0.0.2 publicip: 7.7.7.7 The public IP on Tail has the network block 9.9.9.0/23 statically routed over the 7.7.7.7 interface. The idea is to make the 9.9.9.0/23 ips work on servers on the 8.8.8.8 network. I configure the tail host to route the /23 block. I mounted a 9.9 IP on the head server. I can ping the 9.9 ip from the tail to the head. I can't ping the 9.9 ip from the public internet. I think I need to add some other routes because of gateway issues, but I can't seem to wrap my mind around it (not a router guy, just beating my way through something that I have never done before and vaguely understand) --danks

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  • What is the simplest way to confirm or to disprove that Virtual Box virtual machines support GRE protocol

    - by mbaitoff
    It is stated in VirtualBox manual (chapter 6) that VM network interfaces in "NAT" mode do not support GRE protocol. I'm currently trying to setup a pair of VMs as pptp server and client which would communicate via VM's network interfaces in "INTERNAL NETWORK" mode. I set up modern Linux OSes with pptp software on both machines and made some basic pptp configuration. However, I fail to connect the client to the server - server reports a failure when writing to GRE socket. I now need a quick proof of principal ability to use the GRE protocol between VirtualBox VMs over a network in "INTERNAL" mode, such as a several-line .c program that would try to open/send/receive/close a GRE protocol connection, or like a specific lightweight tool to diagnose the GRE availability. Any suggestions?

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  • Natting trafic from a tunnel to internet

    - by mezgani
    I'm trying to set up a GRE tunnel between a linux box and a router (LAN), and I'm having a few problems which seem to depend to my iptables configuration. Watching with tcpdump on linux box, I can see packets coming with flags GREv0, all i need right know is forwarding this data to internet, found here some trace : iptables -F iptables -X iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT iptables -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p 47 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o cloud -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i cloud -o ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward cloud Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr C4-CE-7A-2E-F2-BF-DD-C0-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet adr:10.3.3.3 P-t-P:10.3.3.3 Masque:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1476 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:124 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:10416 (10.1 KiB) Table de routage IP du noyau Destination Passerelle Genmask Indic MSS Fenêtre irtt Iface 196.206.120.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 cloud 0.0.0.0 196.206.120.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 root@aldebaran:~# ip route 196.206.120.1 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 196.206.122.46 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.18 10.3.3.0/24 dev cloud scope link default via 196.206.120.1 dev ppp0

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  • How to prepare for the GRE Computer Science Subject Test?

    - by Maddy.Shik
    How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? I want to score as competitively as possible. What are some good references? Is there anything that top schools like CMU, MIT, and Standford would expect? For example, Cormen et al is considered very good for algorithms. Please tell me standard text books for each subject covered by the test, like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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  • How to best prepare for the GRE Computer Science Subject Test?

    - by Maddy.Shik
    How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? I want to score as competitively as possible. What are some good references? Is there anything that top schools like CMU, MIT, and Standford would expect? For example, Cormen et al is considered very good for algorithms. Please tell me standard text books for each subject covered by the test, like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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  • How to prepare for the GRE Computer Science Subject Test?

    - by Maddy.Shik
    How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? I want to score as competitively as possible. What are some good references? Is there anything that top schools like CMU, MIT, and Standford would expect? For example, Cormen et al is considered very good for algorithms. Please tell me standard text books for each subject covered by the test, like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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  • Unable to PPTP through NAT on Cisco 881

    - by MasterRoot24
    I'm trying to connect to a PPTP server which is sat behind a Cisco 881 NAT router. The server is running Ubuntu Server 12.04 and is running Poptop pptpd as the PPTP daemon listening for connections. As discussed in my other question, I'm trying to setup a Cisco 881 router to replace my old Linksys WAG320N. This same server and WAN connection worked fine with the WAG320N with no special configuration, other than allowing 1723 in through the firewall. On the Cisco 881, I'm using the newer ip nat enable or NAT NVI to setup static routes in through the firewall for the services running behind the router. My reason being that I can't run another copy of my live DNS domains internally with local IP addresses in. For the purposes of this question, though, I have rebuilt the router with ip nat inside/outside style NAT'ing, but this issue is still apparent. HTTP/SMTP/IMAP etc. all work ok from both the WAN and LAN interfaces of the router. I'm only having issues with SIP (see other question) and PPTP. My issue is that the GRE doesn't appear to be passing through NAT correctly and one end of the connection is not receiving GRE traffic when it should be, so the server hangs up the connection. Here's an example of /var/log/syslog with debug enabled in /etc/pptpd.conf: Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: MGR: Launching /usr/sbin/pptpctrl to handle client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: local address = 192.168.1.50 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: remote address = 192.168.1.51 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: pppd options file = /etc/ppp/pptpd-options Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Client 82.132.248.216 control connection started Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 1) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Made a START CTRL CONN RPLY packet Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: I wrote 156 bytes to the client. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Sent packet to client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 7) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Set parameters to 100000000 maxbps, 64 window size Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Made a OUT CALL RPLY packet Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: pty_fd = 6 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: tty_fd = 7 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: I wrote 32 bytes to the client. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Sent packet to client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): program binary = /usr/sbin/pppd Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): local address = 192.168.1.50 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): remote address = 192.168.1.51 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Using interface ppp0 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/3 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Dec 11 21:06:31 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 15) Dec 11 21:06:31 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Got a SET LINK INFO packet with standard ACCMs Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Connection terminated. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> avahi-daemon[1042]: Withdrawing workstation service for ppp0. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Modem hangup Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Exit. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=6075a0,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[22627] Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Client 82.132.248.216 control connection finished Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Exiting now Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[5803]: MGR: Reaped child 22626 As far as Cisco are concerned, all I need is ip nat source static tcp <SERVER LAN IP> 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 but of course this doesn't seem to the be helping the GRE traffic through as it should. Trying the connection to the LAN IP of the server from the same LAN as the server (behind the router), the PPTP connection works fine, so I'm confident that the server's config is ok. Furthermore, all I needed on my WAG320N was to open 1723 in the firewall. Here's my current router config: ! ! Last configuration change at 20:20:15 UTC Tue Dec 11 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption ! hostname xxx ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! enable secret 4 xxxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 xxx quit ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! ip domain list dmz.xxx.local ip domain list xxx.local ip domain name dmz.xxx.local ip name-server 192.168.1.x ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn xxx ! ! username admin privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username joe secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.x 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.x 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ! ! ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 2 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line vty 0 4 access-class 2 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input all ! ! end UPDATE 16/12/2012: The only progress that I have been able to make on this issue is that I'm confident that the issue is caused by the GRE tunnels (which are required for the PPTP connection to complete) are being blocked. When attempting a connection, I can see in show ip nat nvi translations that both a TCP translation on 1723 is setup and also a GRE translation is setup also. I appear to be able to see GRE related packets on the LAN that the server is on, so I am lead to believe that the server is sending(?) GRE packets, however running Wireshark on a client PC when attempting a connection shows absolutely no GRE packets. Whilst there are no configuration directives in my config posted above (that I can pin point) which would specifically block them, it would appear that the GRE packets are not being allowed in/out of the router's firewall, even though a NAT translation entry is setup to the server's LAN address. Would anyone be able to provide me with some help to ensure that GRE packets are not blocked by the router's firewall, so that this can be ruled out as a possible issue please?

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  • What are some recommended video lectures for a non-CS student to prepare for the GRE CS subject test?

    - by aristos
    Well the title kinda explains all there is to explain. I'm a non-cs student and was preparing to apply PhD programs in applied mathematics. But for my senior thesis I've been reading lots of machine learning and pattern recognition literature and enjoying it a lot. I've taken lots of courses with statistics and stochastics content, which I think, would help me if I get accepted to a program with ML focus, but there are only two CS courses -introduction to programming- in my transcript and therefore I decided to take the CS subject test to increase my chances. Which courses do you think would be most essential to have a good result from CS subject test? I'm thinking of watching video lectures of them, so do you have any recommendations?

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  • VPN pptp connection Unable to pass through linux iptables

    - by user221844
    I have set up a windows VPN server behind Linux - Ubuntu box that is working as firewall and proxy server. Now I want people from outside to be able to connect to the VPN server, but the connection is not being established and I get on the client an error 619. I have checked the problem on the internet and it seems a firewall issue. what should I do to make the connection established through the firewall? here is below the information about my setup Firewall-External-IF-IP: 172.16.1.100 Firewall-LAN-IF-IP: 192.168.1.1 VPN-Server-IP: 192.168.1.10 and below is my iptables file content: #Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [162000:140437619] :FORWARD ACCEPT [23282:27196133] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [185778:143961739] :LOGGING - [0:0] -A INPUT -p gre -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/32 -p tcp -m tcp --sport 1723 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.10/32 -p udp -m udp --sport 1723 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o EXT_IF -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 192.168.1.0/24 -i EXT_IF -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 192.168.1.10/32 -i EXT_IF -o INT_IF -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 192.168.1.10/32 -i INT_IF -o EXT_IF -p tcp -m tcp --sport 1723 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 192.168.1.10/32 -i EXT_IF -o INT_IF -p gre -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 192.168.1.10/32 -i INT_IF -o EXT_IF -p gre -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -p gre -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -d 192.168.1.10/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -d 192.168.1.10/32 -p udp -m udp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT COMMIT # Completed on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [17865:1053739] :INPUT ACCEPT [5490:357281] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [3723:223677] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [3726:223870] -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128 -A PREROUTING -d 172.16.1.100/32 -i EXT_IF -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.10 -A PREROUTING -d 172.16.1.100/32 -i EXT_IF -p gre -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.10 -A PREROUTING -i -h -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o EXT_IF -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [22695965:17811993005] :INPUT ACCEPT [13818180:11522330171] :PREROUTING ACCEPT [17865:1053739] :INPUT ACCEPT [5490:357281] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [3723:223677] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [3726:223870] -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128 -A PREROUTING -d 172.16.1.100/32 -i EXT_IF -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.10 -A PREROUTING -d 172.16.1.100/32 -i EXT_IF -p gre -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.10 -A PREROUTING -i -h -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o EXT_IF -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [22695965:17811993005] :INPUT ACCEPT [13818180:11522330171] :FORWARD ACCEPT [8527694:6271564562] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [14748508:11899678536] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [23271280:18170828012] COMMIT # Completed on Thu May 29 12:40:18 2014 hope that I find the solution here ....!! :(

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  • pptpd not working externally on Ubuntu Server 11.10

    - by Brendan
    I am trying to set up a pptpd vpn on our newly installed Ubuntu 11.10 64 bit server, but am not having success having a client connect via an iPhone to the VPN. Note that no clients have been able to connect to this VPN from outside of the network. The system is up to date with patches. Here is the output of /var/log/syslog. Please note that 222.153.x.y is my remote IP address. Mar 30 22:07:47 server pptpd[9546]: CTRL: Client 222.153.x.y control connection started Mar 30 22:07:47 server pptpd[9546]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Mar 30 22:07:47 server pppd[9555]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Mar 30 22:07:47 server pppd[9555]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Mar 30 22:07:47 server pppd[9555]: Using interface ppp0 Mar 30 22:07:47 server pppd[9555]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/3 Mar 30 22:07:47 server pptpd[9546]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Mar 30 22:08:17 server pppd[9555]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Mar 30 22:08:17 server pppd[9555]: Connection terminated. Mar 30 22:08:17 server pppd[9555]: Modem hangup Mar 30 22:08:17 server pppd[9555]: Exit. Mar 30 22:08:17 server pptpd[9546]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=6075a0,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Mar 30 22:08:17 server pptpd[9546]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Mar 30 22:08:17 server pptpd[9546]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[9555] Mar 30 22:08:17 server pptpd[9546]: CTRL: Client 222.153.x.y control connection finished As you can see, the problem seems to be the connection timing out after 30 seconds ("Mar 30 22:08:17 server pppd[9555]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests". Over Wifi however (inside the local network) there are no issues: Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pptpd[12406]: CTRL: Client 192.168.0.100 control connection started Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pptpd[12406]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pppd[12407]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pppd[12407]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pppd[12407]: Using interface ppp0 Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pppd[12407]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/3 Mar 30 22:12:33 unreal-server pptpd[12406]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Mar 30 22:12:36 unreal-server pppd[12407]: peer from calling number 192.168.0.100 authorized Mar 30 22:12:36 unreal-server pppd[12407]: MPPE 128-bit stateless compression enabled Mar 30 22:12:36 unreal-server pppd[12407]: Cannot determine ethernet address for proxy ARP Mar 30 22:12:36 unreal-server pppd[12407]: local IP address 192.168.0.10 Mar 30 22:12:36 unreal-server pppd[12407]: remote IP address 192.168.1.1 I have set up an iptables config for the server; to check this isn't the problem I allowed all traffic temporarily, but this does NOT change the symptoms in the first example. Here is the output from /etc/iptables.rules.save *filter :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] COMMIT Even with these rules applied, the output from /var/log/syslog is LINE FOR LINE what I saw in the the first block of code. Please note that before running this Ubuntu server; an old SME Server box was running in place of it, that had a pptpd server on it just like we are using, and we experienced no issues.

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  • Ubuntu server PPTPD with OS X clients Problems

    - by Nakedsteve
    I'm trying to get a PPTP server running on a ubuntu server, but I've run into some issues with it. I followed this guide on how to set up pptpd on my server, and everything went smooth, but when I try to connect with my mac, it gives me this error: Here's my configuration: Does anyone have any idea as to what I'm doing wrong here? Update: Here's what the pptpd.log has to say about it: steve@debian:~$ sudo tail /var/log/pptpd.log sudo: unable to resolve host debian Sep 3 21:46:43 debian pptpd[2485]: MGR: Manager process started Sep 3 21:46:43 debian pptpd[2485]: MGR: Maximum of 11 connections available Sep 3 21:46:43 debian pptpd[2485]: MGR: Couldn't create host socket Sep 3 21:46:43 debian pptpd[2485]: createHostSocket: Address already in use Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: CTRL: Client 192.168.1.101 control connection started Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=204d0,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[2487] Sep 3 21:46:56 debian pptpd[2486]: CTRL: Client 192.168.1.101 control connection finished My pptpd options are: asyncmap 0 noauth crtscts lock hide-password modem debug proxyarp lcp-echo-interval 30 lcp-echo-failure 4 nopix

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