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  • Building NanoBSD inside a jail

    - by ptomli
    I'm trying to setup a jail to enable building a NanoBSD image. It's actually a jail on top of a NanoBSD install. The problem I have is that I'm unable to mount the md device in order to do the 'build image' part. Is it simply not possible to mount an md device inside a jail, or is there some other knob I need to twiddle? On the host /etc/rc.conf.local jail_enable="YES" jail_mount_enable="YES" jail_list="build" jail_set_hostname_allow="NO" jail_build_hostname="build.vm" jail_build_ip="192.168.0.100" jail_build_rootdir="/mnt/zpool0/jails/build/home" jail_build_devfs_enable="YES" jail_build_devfs_ruleset="devfsrules_jail_build" /etc/devfs.rules [devfsrules_jail_build=5] # nothing Inside the jail [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# sysctl security.jail security.jail.param.cpuset.id: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostid: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostuuid: 64 security.jail.param.host.domainname: 256 security.jail.param.host.hostname: 256 security.jail.param.children.max: 0 security.jail.param.children.cur: 0 security.jail.param.enforce_statfs: 0 security.jail.param.securelevel: 0 security.jail.param.path: 1024 security.jail.param.name: 256 security.jail.param.parent: 0 security.jail.param.jid: 0 security.jail.enforce_statfs: 1 security.jail.mount_allowed: 1 security.jail.chflags_allowed: 1 security.jail.allow_raw_sockets: 0 security.jail.sysvipc_allowed: 0 security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only: 1 security.jail.set_hostname_allowed: 0 security.jail.jail_max_af_ips: 255 security.jail.jailed: 1 [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mdconfig -l md2 md0 md1 md0 and md1 are the ramdisks of the host. bsdlabel looks sensible [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# bsdlabel /dev/md2s1 # /dev/md2s1: 8 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg] a: 1012016 16 4.2BSD 0 0 0 c: 1012032 0 unused 0 0 # "raw" part, don't edit newfs runs ok [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# newfs -U /dev/md2s1a /dev/md2s1a: 494.1MB (1012016 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 using 4 cylinder groups of 123.55MB, 7907 blks, 15872 inodes. with soft updates super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at: 160, 253184, 506208, 759232 mount fails [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mount /dev/md2s1a _.mnt/ mount: /dev/md2s1a : Operation not permitted UPDATE: One of my colleagues pointed out There are some file systems types that can't be securely mounted within a jail no matter what, like UFS, MSDOFS, EXTFS, XFS, REISERFS, NTFS, etc. because the user mounting it has access to raw storage and can corrupt it in a way that it will panic entire system. From http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg160389.html So it seems that the standard nanobsd.sh won't run inside a jail while it uses the md device to build the image. One potential solution I'll try is to chroot from the host into the build jail, rather than jexec a shell.

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  • How to connect FreeBSD Jail to network

    - by jgtumusiime
    So recently I successfully installed and configured a freebsd jail and I would like to install software within my jail but I cannot connect to the network. I'm trying to setup an apache+php+mysql installation within the jail and have the webserver accessible by users. Here is my rc.conf for the jail. ... jail_enable="YES" # Set to NO to disable starting of any jails jail_list="mambo2" # Space separated list of names of jails jail_mambo2_rootdir="/usr/jails/j01" # jail's root directory jail_mambo2_hostname="mambo2.ug" # jail's hostname jail_mambo2_ip="192.168.100.174" # jail's IP address jail_mambo2_devfs_enable="YES" # mount devfs in the jail jail_mambo2_devfs_ruleset="mambo2_ruleset" # devfs ruleset to apply to jail here is my jail ifconfig output mambo2# ifconfig rl0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500 options=8<VLAN_MTU> ether 00:c1:28:00:48:db media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>) status: active plip0: flags=108810<POINTOPOINT,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,NEEDSGIANT> metric 0 mtu 1500 lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384 mambo2# It does not show the IP address I configured within /etc/rc.conf. But, when I list the running jails, it shows the right IP address. Here is a list of jails running [root@mambo /usr/home/jtumusiime]# jls JID IP Address Hostname Path 5 192.168.100.174 mambo2.ug /usr/jails/j01 I also created a /etc/resolv.conf for nameservers. This was not in existence so I'm not quite sure if it is necessary? mambo2# cat /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.100.251 nameserver 8.8.8.8 mambo2# my host has 4 ip addresses, 3 public and one private: 192.168.100.173 I tried creating a jail using ezjail and this does not work out. [root@mambo /usr/src]# ezjail-admin update -p -i Error: Cannot find your copy of the FreeBSD source tree in . Consider using 'ezjail-admin install' to create the base jail from an ftp server. [root@mambo /usr/src]# I have an updated copy of freebsd 7.1 source tree from SVN in /usr/src/ [root@mambo /usr/src]# svn info Path: . URL: http://svn.freebsd.org/base/release/7.1.0 Repository Root: http://svn.freebsd.org/base Repository UUID: ccf9f872-aa2e-dd11-9fc8-001c23d0bc1f Revision: 243371 Node Kind: directory Schedule: normal Last Changed Author: kensmith Last Changed Rev: 186660 Last Changed Date: 2009-01-01 01:57:14 +0300 (Thu, 01 Jan 2009) [root@mambo /usr/src]# and I did #make buildworld while building the first jail i.e mambo2 Here is an excerpt of ouput of ezjail-admin install ... 221 Goodbye. Trying 193.162.146.4... Connected to ftp.freebsd.org. 220 ftp.beastie.tdk.net FTP server (Version 6.00LS) ready. 331 Guest login ok, send your email address as password. 230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply. Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. 200 Type set to I. 550 pub/FreeBSD-Archive/old-releases/i386/7.1-RELEASE/base: No such file or directory. 221 Goodbye. Could not fetch base from ftp.freebsd.org. Maybe your release (7.1-RELEASE) is specified incorrectly or the host ftp.freebsd.org does not provide that release build. Use the -r option to specify an existing release or the -h option to specify an alternative ftp server. Querying your ftp-server... The ftp server you specified (ftp.freebsd.org) seems to provide the following builds: Trying 193.162.146.4... total 10 drwxrwxr-x 13 1006 1006 512 Feb 20 2011 8.2-RELEASE drwxrwxr-x 13 1006 1006 512 Apr 10 2012 8.3-RELEASE lrwxr-xr-x 1 1006 1006 16 Jan 7 2012 9.0-RELEASE -> i386/9.0-RELEASE drwxrwxr-x 7 1006 1006 1024 Feb 19 2012 ISO-IMAGES -rw-rw-r-- 1 1006 1006 637 Nov 23 2005 README.TXT drwxrwxr-x 5 1006 1006 512 Nov 2 02:59 i386 I do not want to upgrade my freebsd installation. I have googled around; but all in vail. Thank you

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  • freebsd-update reports an upgraded jail as not upgraded

    - by Martin Torhage
    I've set up a "Service Jail" in FreeBSD 8.0 according to the FreeBSD Handbook (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-application.html). After upgrading the host to the latest patch level and then performed a jail-upgrade, freebsd-fetch still reports that there are files in need of an update in the jail. Is this expected? Then how do I know if a jail is up to date? This is what I've done in more detail: After the initial setup of the jail freebsd-update fetch reported that there were no updates available neither in the host system nor in the jail. This was expected. A while later freebsd-update fetch reported that the following files where in need of an update both in the host and in the jail. /usr/lib/libssl.a /usr/lib/libssl_p.a /usr/lib/libzpool.a /usr/lib32/libssl.a /usr/lib32/libssl_p.a /usr/lib32/libzpool.a I updated the host and followed the upgrade guide for the jail (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-application.html#JAILS-SERVICE-JAILS-UPGRADING). freebsd-update fetch now reports that there are no updates available in the host but the following is the output from freebsd-update fetch in the jail: [root@bb /]# freebsd-update fetch Looking up update.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 3 mirrors found. Fetching metadata signature for 8.0-RELEASE from update5.FreeBSD.org... done. Fetching metadata index... done. Inspecting system... done. Preparing to download files... done. The following files are affected by updates, but no changes have been downloaded because the files have been modified locally: /var/db/mergemaster.mtree The following files will be updated as part of updating to 8.0-RELEASE-p2: /usr/lib/libssl.a /usr/lib/libssl_p.a /usr/lib/libzpool.a /usr/lib32/libssl.a /usr/lib32/libssl_p.a /usr/lib32/libzpool.a Shouldn't freebsd-update know that the jail is up to date or have I failed upgrading it? How am I supposed to know if a jail is up to date if freebsd-update can't tell? I'm sure I ran make cleandir twice before make buildworld. TIA

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  • Failed to su after making a chroot jail

    - by arepo21
    On a 64 bit CentOS host I am using script make_chroot_jail.sh to put a user in a jail, not permitting it to see anything expect it's home at /home/jail/home/user1. I did it typing this: sudo ./make_chroot_jail.sh user1 after, when trying to connect to user1 first i was getting an error like: /bin/su: user guest does not exist i have fixed this by copying some missed libraries: sudo cp /lib64/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib64/libnss_files.so.2 /lib64/libnss_dns.so.2 /lib64/libxcrypt.so.2 /home/jail/lib64/ sudo cp -r /lib64/security/ /home/jail/lib64/ But now, when trying to connect to user1 typing su user1 and then typing it's password, i am getting this error: could not open session So the question is how to connect to user1 in this situation? P.S. Here are the permissions of some files, this might be helpful in order to provide a solution: -rwsr-xr-x 1 root root /home/jail/bin/su drwxr-xr-x 4 root root /home/jail/etc -rw-r--r-- 1 root root /home/jail/etc/pam.d/su -rw-r--r-- 1 root root /home/jail/etc/passwd -rw------- 1 root root /home/jail/etc/shadow UPDATE1 After some modifications i managed to connect to user1, but the session closes immediately! I guess this a PAM issue, however cant find a way to fix it. Here the log entry for close action from /val/log/secure: Oct 6 15:19:42 localhost su: pam_unix(su:session): session closed for user user1 What makes the session to exit immediately after launching?

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  • How to tell if a freebsd jail is up to date?

    - by Martin Torhage
    I've set up a "Service Jail" in FreeBSD 8.0 according to the FreeBSD Handbook (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-application.html). After upgrading the host to the latest patch level and then performed a jail-upgrade, freebsd-fetch still reports that there are files in need of an update in the jail. Is this expected? Then how do I know if a jail is up to date? This is what I've done in more detail: After the initial setup of the jail freebsd-update fetch reported that there were no updates available neither in the host system nor in the jail. This was expected. A while later freebsd-update fetch reported that the following files where in need of an update both in the host and in the jail. /usr/lib/libssl.a /usr/lib/libssl_p.a /usr/lib/libzpool.a /usr/lib32/libssl.a /usr/lib32/libssl_p.a /usr/lib32/libzpool.a I updated the host and followed the upgrade guide for the jail (http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-application.html#JAILS-SERVICE-JAILS-UPGRADING). freebsd-update fetch now reports that there are no updates available in the host but the following is the output from freebsd-update fetch in the jail: [root@bb /]# freebsd-update fetch Looking up update.FreeBSD.org mirrors... 3 mirrors found. Fetching metadata signature for 8.0-RELEASE from update5.FreeBSD.org... done. Fetching metadata index... done. Inspecting system... done. Preparing to download files... done. The following files are affected by updates, but no changes have been downloaded because the files have been modified locally: /var/db/mergemaster.mtree The following files will be updated as part of updating to 8.0-RELEASE-p2: /usr/lib/libssl.a /usr/lib/libssl_p.a /usr/lib/libzpool.a /usr/lib32/libssl.a /usr/lib32/libssl_p.a /usr/lib32/libzpool.a Shouldn't freebsd-update know that the jail is up to date or have I failed upgrading it? How am I supposed to know if a jail is up to date if freebsd-update can't tell? I'm sure I ran make cleandir twice before make buildworld. TIA

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  • Custom fail2ban Filter

    - by Michael Robinson
    In my quest to block excessive failed phpMyAdmin login attempts with fail2ban, I've created a script that logs said failed attempts to a file: /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log Custom log The format of the /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log file is: phpMyadmin login failed with username: root; ip: 192.168.1.50; url: http://somedomain.com/phpmyadmin/index.php phpMyadmin login failed with username: ; ip: 192.168.1.50; url: http://192.168.1.48/phpmyadmin/index.php Custom filter [Definition] # Count all bans in the logfile failregex = phpMyadmin login failed with username: .*; ip: <HOST>; phpMyAdmin jail [phpmyadmin] enabled = true port = http,https filter = phpmyadmin action = sendmail-whois[name=HTTP] logpath = /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log maxretry = 6 The fail2ban log contains: 2012-10-04 10:52:22,756 fail2ban.server : INFO Stopping all jails 2012-10-04 10:52:23,091 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,866 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,994 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,994 fail2ban.server : INFO Exiting Fail2ban 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.server : INFO Changed logging target to /var/log/fail2ban.log for Fail2ban v0.8.6 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'ssh' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,260 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,260 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 6 2012-10-04 10:52:24,261 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,261 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'ssh-iptables' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 5 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'fail2ban' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/fail2ban.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 3 2012-10-04 10:52:24,288 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 604800 2012-10-04 10:52:24,288 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 604800 2012-10-04 10:52:24,292 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' started 2012-10-04 10:52:24,293 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' started 2012-10-04 10:52:24,297 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' started When I issue: sudo service fail2ban restart fail2ban emails me to say ssh has restarted, but I receive no such email about my phpmyadmin jail. Repeated failed logins to phpMyAdmin does not cause an email to be sent. Have I missed some critical setup? Is my filter's regular expression wrong? Update: added changes from default installation Starting with a clean fail2ban installation: cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local Change email address to my own, action to: action = %(action_mwl)s Append the following to jail.local [phpmyadmin] enabled = true port = http,https filter = phpmyadmin action = sendmail-whois[name=HTTP] logpath = /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log maxretry = 4 Add the following to /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/phpmyadmin.conf # phpmyadmin configuration file # # Author: Michael Robinson # [Definition] # Option: failregex # Notes.: regex to match the password failures messages in the logfile. The # host must be matched by a group named "host". The tag "<HOST>" can # be used for standard IP/hostname matching and is only an alias for # (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<host>\S+) # Values: TEXT # # Count all bans in the logfile failregex = phpMyadmin login failed with username: .*; ip: <HOST>; # Option: ignoreregex # Notes.: regex to ignore. If this regex matches, the line is ignored. # Values: TEXT # # Ignore our own bans, to keep our counts exact. # In your config, name your jail 'fail2ban', or change this line! ignoreregex = Restart fail2ban sudo service fail2ban restart PS: I like eggs

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  • Custom fail2ban Filter for phpMyadmin bruteforce attempts

    - by Michael Robinson
    In my quest to block excessive failed phpMyAdmin login attempts with fail2ban, I've created a script that logs said failed attempts to a file: /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log Custom log The format of the /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log file is: phpMyadmin login failed with username: root; ip: 192.168.1.50; url: http://somedomain.com/phpmyadmin/index.php phpMyadmin login failed with username: ; ip: 192.168.1.50; url: http://192.168.1.48/phpmyadmin/index.php Custom filter [Definition] # Count all bans in the logfile failregex = phpMyadmin login failed with username: .*; ip: <HOST>; phpMyAdmin jail [phpmyadmin] enabled = true port = http,https filter = phpmyadmin action = sendmail-whois[name=HTTP] logpath = /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log maxretry = 6 The fail2ban log contains: 2012-10-04 10:52:22,756 fail2ban.server : INFO Stopping all jails 2012-10-04 10:52:23,091 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,866 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,994 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' stopped 2012-10-04 10:52:23,994 fail2ban.server : INFO Exiting Fail2ban 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.server : INFO Changed logging target to /var/log/fail2ban.log for Fail2ban v0.8.6 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'ssh' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,253 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,260 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,260 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 6 2012-10-04 10:52:24,261 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,261 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'ssh-iptables' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,279 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 5 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,280 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 600 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.jail : INFO Creating new jail 'fail2ban' 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' uses poller 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.filter : INFO Added logfile = /var/log/fail2ban.log 2012-10-04 10:52:24,287 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set maxRetry = 3 2012-10-04 10:52:24,288 fail2ban.filter : INFO Set findtime = 604800 2012-10-04 10:52:24,288 fail2ban.actions: INFO Set banTime = 604800 2012-10-04 10:52:24,292 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh' started 2012-10-04 10:52:24,293 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'ssh-iptables' started 2012-10-04 10:52:24,297 fail2ban.jail : INFO Jail 'fail2ban' started When I issue: sudo service fail2ban restart fail2ban emails me to say ssh has restarted, but I receive no such email about my phpmyadmin jail. Repeated failed logins to phpMyAdmin does not cause an email to be sent. Have I missed some critical setup? Is my filter's regular expression wrong? Update: added changes from default installation Starting with a clean fail2ban installation: cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local Change email address to my own, action to: action = %(action_mwl)s Append the following to jail.local [phpmyadmin] enabled = true port = http,https filter = phpmyadmin action = sendmail-whois[name=HTTP] logpath = /var/log/phpmyadmin_auth.log maxretry = 4 Add the following to /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/phpmyadmin.conf # phpmyadmin configuration file # # Author: Michael Robinson # [Definition] # Option: failregex # Notes.: regex to match the password failures messages in the logfile. The # host must be matched by a group named "host". The tag "<HOST>" can # be used for standard IP/hostname matching and is only an alias for # (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<host>\S+) # Values: TEXT # # Count all bans in the logfile failregex = phpMyadmin login failed with username: .*; ip: <HOST>; # Option: ignoreregex # Notes.: regex to ignore. If this regex matches, the line is ignored. # Values: TEXT # # Ignore our own bans, to keep our counts exact. # In your config, name your jail 'fail2ban', or change this line! ignoreregex = Restart fail2ban sudo service fail2ban restart PS: I like eggs

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  • SFTP jail & Keeping file ownership the same / File owner per folder

    - by Dragonshadow
    I want to setup a jailed SFTP account for a subfolder of another user's home folder, but want the owner of everything in that subfolder to stay the same, including new files and folders uploaded and created by the sftp user, while still allowing access to the files and folders of that subfolder as if the SFTP user was the parent user. rawny bawb-sftp /home/rawny <- rawny owns this /home/rawny/sftp <- rawny owns this too, but bawb-sftp can upload to it, edit files, etc bawb-sftp uploads a file /home/rawny/sftp/lol.txt rawny should still own the file, as if he made it in the first place, even though bawb-sftp was the one that uploaded it. Basically I guess I'm asking for an sftp jail that acts as a highly limited passthrough/puppet for another user?

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  • How to create chroot jail with ability to change some system settings

    - by Tadeck
    How to properly create chroot jail (on Ubuntu, or some some other Linux if not applicable) to make user able to edit system settings (eg. with ifconfig) and be able to communicate with external scripts? The use case would be to enable user to authenticate using SSH and then be able to perform very limited set of actions from command line. Unfortunately the tricky part is the access to system settings. I have considered multiple options and the alternative is to setup fake SSH server (eg. with Twisted), try to use restricted shell (however, I seem to need chroot still), or write a script on top of the shell (?).

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  • Crossplatform "jail" for an application

    - by Alexander
    We currently have a variety of systems (Linux, Solarix, *BSD, HP-UX ...) on which we are not allowed to install anything into / (but I have root access. That's strange, I know). But we'd like to run Puppet on all of them. So, the obvious idea is to install Puppet with all prebuilt dependencies into some isolated tree, something like "jail", which will allow to use dependences from some prefix and to access the host system. The big advatanges would be uniform deployment and updates. One solution that came to my mind is to deploy Gentoo Prefix, and install Puppet there with package manager. However, this requires a lot of extra space and some manual patching for each system. Maybe there are some more elegant and simple solutions?

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  • ubuntu bind9 AppArmor read permission denied (chroot jail)

    - by Richard Whitman
    I am trying to run bind9 with chroot jail. I followed the steps mentioned at : http://www.howtoforge.com/debian_bind9_master_slave_system I am getting the following errors in my syslog: Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: starting BIND 9.7.3 -u bind -t /var/lib/named Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: built with '--prefix=/usr' '--mandir=/usr/share/man' '--infodir=/usr/share/info' '--sysconfdir=/etc/bind' '--localstatedir=/var' '--enable-threads' '--enable-largefile' '--with-libtool' '--enable-shared' '--enable-static' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--with-gssapi=/usr' '--with-gnu-ld' '--with-dlz-postgres=no' '--with-dlz-mysql=no' '--with-dlz-bdb=yes' '--with-dlz-filesystem=yes' '--with-dlz-ldap=yes' '--with-dlz-stub=yes' '--with-geoip=/usr' '--enable-ipv6' 'CFLAGS=-fno-strict-aliasing -DDIG_SIGCHASE -O2' 'LDFLAGS=-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions' 'CPPFLAGS=' Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: adjusted limit on open files from 4096 to 1048576 Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: found 4 CPUs, using 4 worker threads Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: using up to 4096 sockets Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: none:0: open: /etc/bind/named.conf: permission denied Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: loading configuration: permission denied Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 named[3988]: exiting (due to fatal error) Jul 27 16:53:49 conf002 kernel: [74323.514875] type=1400 audit(1343433229.352:108): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" parent=3987 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/lib/named/etc/bind/named.conf" pid=3992 comm="named" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=103 ouid=103 Looks like the process can not read the file /var/lib/named/etc/bind/named.conf. I have made sure that the owner of this file is user bind, and it has the read/write access to it: root@test:/var/lib/named/etc/bind# ls -atl total 64 drwxr-xr-x 3 bind bind 4096 2012-07-27 16:35 .. drwxrwsrwx 2 bind bind 4096 2012-07-27 15:26 zones drwxr-sr-x 3 bind bind 4096 2012-07-26 21:36 . -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 666 2012-07-26 21:33 named.conf.options -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 514 2012-07-26 21:18 named.conf.local -rw-r----- 1 bind bind 77 2012-07-25 00:25 rndc.key -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 2544 2011-07-14 06:31 bind.keys -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 237 2011-07-14 06:31 db.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 271 2011-07-14 06:31 db.127 -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 237 2011-07-14 06:31 db.255 -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 353 2011-07-14 06:31 db.empty -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 270 2011-07-14 06:31 db.local -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 2994 2011-07-14 06:31 db.root -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 463 2011-07-14 06:31 named.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 490 2011-07-14 06:31 named.conf.default-zones -rw-r--r-- 1 bind bind 1317 2011-07-14 06:31 zones.rfc1918 What could be wrong here?

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  • Chroot jail of Nginx and php

    - by sqren
    I'm hosting multiple websites on one VPS, and want to chroot each website, eg. /chroot/website1 /chroot/website2 I'm using makejail, which is a highlevel tool, for creating the jails, and copying the libraries and dependencies. Easy peasy. Each website will need nginx, php and mysql. For php I'm using php5-fpm which actually supports chroot by configuration, however I'm not using this (maybe I should?) My question is which approach of the following three is the better: 1) Every website will have its own seperated instance of nginx, php and mysql. The downside is, that each webserver + php has to listen to a different port. I also need a "master" nginx web server in front of them, reverse proxying to the chrooted servers behind it. Probably most secure, but also most advanced. 2) I don't make any chroot jails manually. I setup one nginx web server, that proxies php requests to php-fpm, on different ports. I can have multiple php-fpm configurations each with is own chroot'ed folder. This is quite managable - however only php will be chrooted. Not the actual webserver. Is this secure enough. Also, I tried this option out, and it seems I will need to use TCP instead of sockets for connecting to MySQL. 3) You tell me ;) I'm quite new to chroot jailing, so please correct me if I'm wrong in my assumptions. I've been reading all the tutorials I could find, however, I find the market for chroot guides very scarce. Any help or inputs much appreciated!

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  • Jail user to home directory while still allowing permission to create and delete files/folders

    - by Sevenupcan
    I'm trying to give a client SFTP access to the root directory of their site on my server (Ubuntu 10.10) so they can manager their website themselves. While I have been successful in jailing a user to a directory and giving them SFTP access; they are only allowed to create and delete new files in sub directories (the directories they own). This means that I must give them access to the parent directory to the root of their site. How can I limit them to the root of their site (for example public_html) while still allowing them the ability create and delete files. All the tutorials I have read suggest that the root must be the owner of the user's home directory, which prevents them from write access inside that directory. I'm relatively new to managing my own server so any advice would be very grateful. Many thanks.

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  • Jailkit not locking down SFTP, working for SSH

    - by doublesharp
    I installed jailkit on my CentOS 5.8 server, and configured it according to the online guides that I found. These are the commands that were executed as root: mkdir /var/jail jk_init -j /var/jail extshellplusnet jk_init -j /var/jail sftp adduser testuser; passwd testuser jk_jailuser -j /var/jail testuser I then edited /var/jail/etc/passwd to change the login shell for testuser to be /bin/bash to give them access to a full bash shell via SSH. Next I edited /var/jail/etc/jailkit/jk_lsh.ini to look like the following (not sure if this is correct) [testuser] paths= /usr/bin, /usr/lib/ executables= /usr/bin/scp, /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server, /usr/bin/sftp The testuser is able to connect via SSH and is limited to only view the chroot jail directory, and is also able to log in via SFTP, however the entire file system is visible and can be traversed. SSH Output: > ssh testuser@server Password: Last login: Sat Oct 20 03:26:19 2012 from x.x.x.x bash-3.2$ pwd /home/testuser SFTP Output: > sftp testuser@server Password: Connected to server. sftp> pwd Remote working directory: /var/jail/home/testuser What can be done to lock down SFTP access to the jail? FWIW, I mostly used this as a guide: http://digitalpatch.blogspot.com.ar/2010/03/openssh-daemon-hardening-part-3-setup.html

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  • Is it advisable to run Apache in a chroot jail?

    - by morpheous
    I have been advised by a sysadmin guy I know, to run Apache in a chroot jail, for increased security. I have the following questions: Is this advisable (i.e. are there any 'gotcha's that I need to be aware of) ? Does running Apache in a chroot jail affect its ability issues like performance and scalability? He also advised that I run my databases (mySQL and PostgreSQL), in separate chroot jails. Is this something that is often done in production systems

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  • Is it possible to run dhcpd3 as non-root user in a chroot jail?

    - by Lenain
    Hi everyone. I would like to run dhcpd3 from a chroot jail on Debian Lenny. At the moment, I can run it as root from my jail. Now I want to do this as non-root user (as "-u blah -t /path/to/jail" Bind option). If I start my process like this : start-stop-daemon --chroot /home/jails/dhcp --chuid dhcp \ --start --pidfile /home/jails/dhcp/var/run/dhcp.pid --exec /usr/sbin/dhcpd3 I get stuck with these errors : Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server V3.1.1 Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/ unable to create icmp socket: Operation not permitted Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file. Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file. Wrote 0 leases to leases file. Open a socket for LPF: Operation not permitted strace : brk(0) = 0x911b000 fcntl64(0, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl64(1, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl64(2, F_GETFD) = 0 access("/etc/suid-debug", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb775d000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/tls/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/tls/i686/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/tls/i686", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/tls/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/tls/cmov", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/tls/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/tls", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i686/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i686/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i686", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/cmov", 0xbfc2ac84) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\260e\1\0004\0\0\0t"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1294572, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb775c000 mmap2(NULL, 1300080, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xb761e000 mmap2(0xb7756000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x138) = 0xb7756000 mmap2(0xb7759000, 9840, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7759000 close(3) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb761d000 set_thread_area({entry_number:-1 - 6, base_addr:0xb761d6b0, limit:1048575, seg_32bit:1, contents:0, read_exec_only:0, limit_in_pages:1, seg_not_present:0, useable:1}) = 0 mprotect(0xb7756000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 open("/dev/null", O_RDWR) = 3 close(3) = 0 brk(0) = 0x911b000 brk(0x913c000) = 0x913c000 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_DGRAM, 0) = 3 fcntl64(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/dev/log"...}, 110) = 0 time(NULL) = 1284760816 open("/etc/localtime", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb761c000 read(4, "TZif2\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\f\0\0\0\f\0\0\0\0\0"..., 4096) = 2945 _llseek(4, -28, [2917], SEEK_CUR) = 0 read(4, "\nCET-1CEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3\n"..., 4096) = 28 close(4) = 0 munmap(0xb761c000, 4096) = 0 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Intern"..., 73, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 73 write(2, "Internet Systems Consortium DHCP "..., 46Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server V3.1.1) = 46 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Copyri"..., 75, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 75 write(2, "Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Syst"..., 48Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium.) = 48 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: All ri"..., 47, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 47 write(2, "All rights reserved."..., 20All rights reserved.) = 20 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: For in"..., 77, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 77 write(2, "For info, please visit http://www"..., 50For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/) = 50 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl64(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 4 fcntl64(4, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(4) = 0 open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=475, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb761c000 read(4, "# /etc/nsswitch.conf\n#\n# Example "..., 4096) = 475 read(4, ""..., 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0xb761c000, 4096) = 0 open("/lib/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/tls/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/tls/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/tls/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/tls/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/tls/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/tls/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/tls", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/i486-linux-gnu/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/lib/i486-linux-gnu", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/tls", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/i686", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/cmov/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/cmov", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu/libnss_db.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) stat64("/usr/lib/i486-linux-gnu", 0xbfc2ad5c) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/lib/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 4 read(4, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\320\30\0\0004\0\0\0\250"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=38408, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 41624, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0) = 0xb7612000 mmap2(0xb761b000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 4, 0x8) = 0xb761b000 close(4) = 0 open("/etc/services", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4 fcntl64(4, F_GETFD) = 0x1 (flags FD_CLOEXEC) fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=18480, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7611000 read(4, "# Network services, Internet styl"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "9/tcp\t\t\t\t# Quick Mail Transfer Pr"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "note\t1352/tcp\tlotusnotes\t# Lotus "..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "tion\nafs3-kaserver\t7004/udp\nafs3-"..., 4096) = 4096 read(4, "backup\t2989/tcp\t\t\t# Afmbackup sys"..., 4096) = 2096 read(4, ""..., 4096) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0xb7611000, 4096) = 0 time(NULL) = 1284760816 open("/etc/protocols", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2626, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7611000 read(4, "# Internet (IP) protocols\n#\n# Upd"..., 4096) = 2626 close(4) = 0 munmap(0xb7611000, 4096) = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP) = -1 EPERM (Operation not permitted) time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: unable"..., 80, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 80 write(2, "unable to create icmp socket: Ope"..., 53unable to create icmp socket: Operation not permitted) = 53 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 open("/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf", O_RDONLY) = 4 lseek(4, 0, SEEK_END) = 1426 lseek(4, 0, SEEK_SET) = 0 read(4, "#----------------------------\n# G"..., 1426) = 1426 close(4) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 401408, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb75b0000 mmap2(NULL, 401408, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb754e000 mmap2(NULL, 401408, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb74ec000 brk(0x916f000) = 0x916f000 close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_DGRAM, 0) = 3 fcntl64(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/dev/log"...}, 110) = 0 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Inter"..., 74, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 74 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Copyr"..., 76, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 76 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: All r"..., 48, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 48 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: For i"..., 78, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 78 open("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases", O_RDONLY) = 4 lseek(4, 0, SEEK_END) = 126 lseek(4, 0, SEEK_SET) = 0 read(4, "# The format of this file is docu"..., 126) = 126 close(4) = 0 open("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_APPEND, 0666) = 4 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=126, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb74eb000 fstat64(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=126, ...}) = 0 _llseek(4, 126, [126], SEEK_SET) = 0 time(NULL) = 1284760816 time(NULL) = 1284760816 open("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases.1284760816", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0664) = 5 fcntl64(5, F_GETFL) = 0x1 (flags O_WRONLY) fstat64(5, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb74ea000 _llseek(5, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR) = 0 close(4) = 0 munmap(0xb74eb000, 4096) = 0 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Wrote"..., 70, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 70 write(2, "Wrote 0 deleted host decls to lea"..., 42Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.) = 42 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Wrote"..., 74, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 74 write(2, "Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to"..., 46Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.) = 46 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Wrote"..., 58, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 58 write(2, "Wrote 0 leases to leases file."..., 30Wrote 0 leases to leases file.) = 30 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 write(5, "# The format of this file is docu"..., 126) = 126 fsync(5) = 0 unlink("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases~") = 0 link("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases", "/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases~") = 0 rename("/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases.1284760816", "/var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases") = 0 socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP) = 4 ioctl(4, SIOCGIFCONF, {0 - 64, NULL}) = 0 ioctl(4, SIOCGIFCONF, {64, {{"lo", {AF_INET, inet_addr("127.0.0.1")}}, {"eth0", {AF_INET, inet_addr("192.168.0.10")}}}}) = 0 ioctl(4, SIOCGIFFLAGS, {ifr_name="lo", ifr_flags=IFF_UP|IFF_LOOPBACK|IFF_RUNNING}) = 0 ioctl(4, SIOCGIFFLAGS, {ifr_name="eth0", ifr_flags=IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST|IFF_RUNNING|IFF_MULTICAST}) = 0 ioctl(4, SIOCGIFHWADDR, {ifr_name="eth0", ifr_hwaddr=00:c0:26:87:55:c0}) = 0 socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_PACKET, 768) = -1 EPERM (Operation not permitted) time(NULL) = 1284760816 stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2945, ...}) = 0 send(3, "Sep 18 00:00:16 dhcpd: Open "..., 74, MSG_NOSIGNAL) = 74 write(2, "Open a socket for LPF: Operation "..., 46Open a socket for LPF: Operation not permitted) = 46 write(2, "\n"..., 1 ) = 1 exit_group(1) = ? I understand that dhcpd wants to create sockets on port 67... but I don't know how to authorize that through the chroot. Any idea?

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  • FreeBSD jail IMAP/MTA config recommendations

    - by kobame
    I've got access to my "own" FreeBSD jail. The jail has only basic, unconfigured system, but I have full access to FreeBSD ports, and (jail)root too. Now I need to setup my jail as IMAP/MTA. The question: What packages are EASIEST for config and later administration, (the simplest possible setup, with the minimum needed configuration) when: i haven't any preferences (don't know any yet) my (one) domain is managed by ISP, so don't need DNS need only IMAP for few users (up to 20 mailboxes) need secure transport layer (IMAPS/993) password auth, no LDAP, no kerberos, nor databases, nothing like fancy things... need easy-setup easy-admin MTA, with simplest possible password SMTP auth, (again no LDAP, nor DB), secure transport layer but would be nice have virus-scan and some anti-spam protection So, what ports I should install for MTA and IMAP? MTA (Sendmail, Postfix, Exim)? antivirus (ClamAV) antispam??? IMAP(S), (Dovecot, Courier) when the main criteria are: easy setup, and easy administration. When I googled I found only complicated setups for thousands of users with LDAP, databases and so on - too big-caliber for my small (easy?) needs. Any pointer to an easy howto is very welcomed.

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  • FreeBSD jail with IPFW with loopback - unable to connect loopback interface

    - by khinester
    I am trying to configure a one IP jail with loopback interface, but I am unsure how to configure the IPFW rules to allow traffic to pass between the jail and the network card on the server. I have followed http://blog.burghardt.pl/2009/01/multiple-freebsd-jails-sharing-one-ip-address/ and https://forums.freebsd.org/viewtopic.php?&t=30063 but without success, here is what i have in my ipfw.rules # vim /usr/local/etc/ipfw.rules ext_if="igb0" jail_if="lo666" IP_PUB="192.168.0.2" IP_JAIL_WWW="10.6.6.6" NET_JAIL="10.6.6.0/24" IPF="ipfw -q add" ipfw -q -f flush #loopback $IPF 10 allow all from any to any via lo0 $IPF 20 deny all from any to 127.0.0.0/8 $IPF 30 deny all from 127.0.0.0/8 to any $IPF 40 deny tcp from any to any frag # statefull $IPF 50 check-state $IPF 60 allow tcp from any to any established $IPF 70 allow all from any to any out keep-state $IPF 80 allow icmp from any to any # open port ftp (20,21), ssh (22), mail (25) # ssh (22), , dns (53) etc $IPF 120 allow tcp from any to any 21 out $IPF 130 allow tcp from any to any 22 in $IPF 140 allow tcp from any to any 22 out $IPF 150 allow tcp from any to any 25 in $IPF 160 allow tcp from any to any 25 out $IPF 170 allow udp from any to any 53 in $IPF 175 allow tcp from any to any 53 in $IPF 180 allow udp from any to any 53 out $IPF 185 allow tcp from any to any 53 out # HTTP $IPF 300 skipto 63000 tcp from any to me http,https setup keep-state $IPF 300 skipto 63000 tcp from any to me http,https setup keep-state # deny and log everything $IPF 500 deny log all from any to any # NAT $IPF 63000 divert natd ip from any to any via $jail_if out $IPF 63000 divert natd ip from any to any via $jail_if in but when i create a jail as: # ezjail-admin create -f continental -c zfs node 10.6.6.7 /usr/jails/node/. /usr/jails/node/./etc /usr/jails/node/./etc/resolv.conf /usr/jails/node/./etc/ezjail.flavour.continental /usr/jails/node/./etc/rc.d /usr/jails/node/./etc/rc.conf 4 blocks find: /usr/jails/node/pkg/: No such file or directory Warning: IP 10.6.6.7 not configured on a local interface. Warning: Some services already seem to be listening on all IP, (including 10.6.6.7) This may cause some confusion, here they are: root syslogd 1203 6 udp6 *:514 *:* root syslogd 1203 7 udp4 *:514 *:* i get these warning and then when i go into the jail environment, i am unable to install any ports. any advice much appreciated.

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  • Freebsd jail for an small company - checklist - what shouldn't forget

    - by cajwine
    Looking for an checklist for an "small company freebsd/jail server". Having pretty common starting point: FreeBSD jail (remote/headless) for the company: public web, email, ftp server, and private (maybe in the future partially public) wiki (foswiki) 4 physical persons, (6 email addresses) + one admin - others will never use ssh) have already done usual hardening on the host side (like pf, sshguard etc). my major components are: dovecot, exim, apache22, proftpd, perl5.14. Looking for an checklist, what I shouldn't forget. My plan: openssl self-signed certificates for exim, dovecot and proftpd (wildcard keys) openssl self-signed certificate for apache (later will go for "trusted-signed" key) My questions are: is is an "good practice" having one pair of wildcard SSL-certificates for many programs? (exim, dovecot, proftpd) - or should I generate one key for each service? should I add all 4 persons as standard (unix) users, or I should go with virtual users? Asking because: have only small count of users, and it is more simple to configure everything (exim, dovecot) for local users ($HOME/Maildir), plus ability to set $HOME/.forward/vacation and etc. is here some (special) things what I should consider? (e.g. maybe, in the future we want setup our own webmail - will make this any difference?) any other recommendation? Thank you, hoping that this question fit into the http://serverfault.com/faq under the: Server and Business Workstation operating systems, hardware, software Operations, maintenance, and monitoring Looking for an checklist, but please explain why you're recommending it. See Good Subjective, Bad Subjective. related: What's your suggested mail server configuration for a FreeBSD server?

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  • Linux networking "jail" for a single process

    - by halp
    I need to tune up a networking app for network specific things like: make it use a DNS server different than the default one from /etc/resolv.conf make sure it does not try to connect to certain hosts/ports using tcp/udp connections I know I can get away with just modifying /etc/resolv.conf and writing some iptables rules, but going for a default DENY firewall policy for outgoing IP packets can trigger malfunctions in other services running on the server. I know I can set up a virtual machine with a whole OS and run my app there, but it seems a bit overkill. Is it possible to have a networking "jail" for a single app (think single Linux process) that could accept iptables-like rules for network traffic (think in terms of IP packets and above) allowed to and from this particular app? Maybe this is achievable through some dynamically loaded library that can deal with the networking layer, the same manner tsocks does, but more fine-grained?

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  • gcc sandboxing tool - AppArmor / CHROOT jail on Ubuntu 12.04

    - by StuR
    We have a Node application as the front end to a C++ sandboxing tool, which compiles code using gcc and outputs the result to the browser. e.g. exec("gcc -o /tmp/test /tmp/test.cpp", function (error, stdout, stderr) { if(!stderr) { execFile('/tmp/test', function(error, stdout, stderr) {}); } }); This works fine. However, as you can imagine this is a security nightmare if it were to be made public - so I was thinking of two options to protect my stack: 1) A CHROOT jail - but this in itself wouldn't be enough to prevent directory traversal / file access. 2) AppArmor ? So my question is really, how could I protect my stack from any nasties that could come from: A) Compiling unknown code using gcc B) Executing the compiled code

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  • SFTP: file symlinks in a jailed (chrooted) directory

    - by Kevin Duke
    I'm trying to set up sftp so that a few trusted people can access/edit/create some files. I have jailed a user into their home directory (/home/name) but have run into a problem. I want for them to also be able to access other parts of the VPS because it is also a game server, webhost, etc, and I want for them to be able to have full control of files outside their jailed directory. I tried making a symlink (ln -s) to the desired directory but it does not work, as expected. I tried (cp -rl) to the files that I wanted to give access and it worked -- they can edit the files in their directory and it changes the one stored outside of jail. BUT they cannot create new files (they can but it won't update outside of jail). I know I'm probably not doing this the "right way" but what can I do to do what I want?

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  • chroot for unsecure programs execution

    - by attwad
    Hi, I have never set-up a chroot-jailed environment before and I am afraid I need some help to do it well. To explain shortly what this is all about: I have a webserver to which users send python scripts to process various files that are stored on the server (the system is for Research purpose). Everyday a cron job starts the execution of the uploaded scripts via a command of this kind: /usr/bin/python script_file.py All of this is really insecure and I would like to create a jail in which I would copy the necessary files (uploaded scripts, files to process, python binary and dependencies). I already looked at various utilities to create jails but none of them seemed up-to-date or were lacking solid documentation (ie. the links proposed in How can I run an untrusted python script) Could anyone guide me to a viable solution to my problem? like a working example of a script that creates a jail, put some files in it and executes a python script? Thank you very much.

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