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  • Converting a video file in arbitrary file format into MPEG4/H.264?

    - by knorv
    I want to convert a large number of video files in various formats into .mp4 files (container MPEG-4, codec H.264). I want to do this on an Ubuntu machine, using only command-line tools and I'm willing to install packages from main, restricted, universe and multiverse. Ideally I'd like to be able to do ... for VIDEO_FILE in *; do some_conversion_program $VIDEO_FILE $VIDEO_FILE.mp4 done ... and have all my video files in .mp4 format with container MPEG-4 and codec H.264. How would you tackle this problem on an Ubuntu machine? What packages do I need to install?

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  • What measures can be taken to increase Google indexing speed for a given newly created page?

    - by knorv
    Consider a website with a large number of pages. New pages are published regularly. When publishing a new page the website operator wants to get the newly created paged indexed in Google as soon as possible. The website operator wants to minimize the time spent between publication and indexing. Consider the site http://www.example.com/ with hundreds of thousands of pages. The page page http://www.example.com/something/important-page.html is created at say 12:00. How do I get important-page.html indexed as soon as possible after 12:00? Ideally within seconds or minutes. Or more generally: What options are available to try to get Google to index a specific newly created page as soon as possible?

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  • What measures can be taken to make sure Google is aware of the existence of a newly created page?

    - by knorv
    Consider a website with a large number of pages. New pages are published regularly. When publishing a new page the website operator wants to get the newly created paged indexed in Google as soon as possible. The website operator wants to minimize the time spent between publication and indexing. Consider the site http://www.example.com/ with hundreds of thousands of pages. The page page http://www.example.com/something/important-page.html is created at say 12:00. I want to get important-page.html indexed as soon as possible after 12:00. Ideally within seconds or minutes. What options are available to try to get Google to index a specific newly created page as soon as possible?

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  • Maximum number of files in one ext3 directory while still getting acceptable performance?

    - by knorv
    I have an application writing to an ext3 directory which over time has grown to roughly three million files. Needless to say, reading the file listing of this directory is unbearably slow. I don't blame ext3. The proper solution would have been to let the application code write to sub-directories such as ./a/b/c/abc.ext rather than using only ./abc.ext. I'm changing to such a sub-directory structure and my question is simply: roughly how many files should I expect to store in one ext3 directory while still getting acceptable performance? What's your experience? Or in other words; assuming that I need to store three million files in the structure, how many levels deep should the ./a/b/c/abc.ext structure be? Obviously this is a question that cannot be answered exactly, but I'm looking for a ball park estimate.

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  • Cassandra inserts using Net::Cassandra::Easy in Perl

    - by knorv
    When using the Perl module Net::Cassandra::Easy to interface with Cassandra I use the following code to read colums col[123] from rows row[123] in column-family Standard1: my $cassandra = Net::Cassandra::Easy->new(keyspace => 'Keyspace1', server => 'localhost'); $cassandra->connect(); my $result = $cassandra->get(['row1', 'row2', 'row3'], family => 'Standard1', byname => ['col1', 'col2', 'col3']); This works as expected. However, when trying to insert row row1 with .. $result = $cassandra->mutate(['row1'], family => 'Standard1', insertions => { "col1" => "Value to set." }); .. I get the error message Can't use string ("0") as a SCALAR ref while "strict refs" in use at .../Net/GenThrift/Thrift/BinaryProtocol.pm line 376. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Forcing a mixed ISO-8859-1 and UTF-8 multi-line string into UTF-8

    - by knorv
    Consider the following problem: A multi-line string $junk contains some lines which are encoded in UTF-8 and some in ISO-8859-1. I don't know a priori which lines are in which encoding, so heuristics will be needed. I want to turn $junk into pure UTF-8 with proper re-encoding of the ISO-8859-1 lines. Also, in the event of errors in the processing I want to provide a "best effort result" rather than throwing an error. My current attempt looks like this: $junk = &force_utf8($junk); sub force_utf8 { my $input = shift; my $output = ''; foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $input)) { if (utf8::valid($line)) { utf8::decode($line); } $output .= "$line\n"; } return $output; } While this appears to work I'm certain this is not the optimal solution. How would you improve my force_utf8(...) sub?

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  • A catalogue of Cassandra log messages: What is the correct interpretation?

    - by knorv
    The following is a complete catalogue of all log messages generated by Cassandra 0.6 when stress-testing a Cassandra installation over an extended period of time: AntiEntropyService: Sending AEService tree for (,) to: [] CassandraDaemon: Binding thrift service to localhost/N.N.N.N:N CassandraDaemon: Cassandra starting up... ColumnFamilyStore: has reached its threshold; switching in a fresh Memtable at CommitLogContext(file='.../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log', position=N) ColumnFamilyStore: Enqueuing flush of Memtable()@N CommitLog: Discarding obsolete commit log:CommitLogSegment(.../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log) CommitLog: Log replay complete CommitLog: Replaying .../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log, ... CommitLogSegment: Creating new commitlog segment .../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log CompactionManager: Compacted to .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db. N/N bytes for N keys. Time: Nms. CompactionManager: Compacting [org.apache.cassandra.io.SSTableReader(path='.../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db'), ...] DatabaseDescriptor: Auto DiskAccessMode determined to be mmap GCInspector: GC for ConcurrentMarkSweep: N ms, N reclaimed leaving N used; max is N GCInspector: GC for ParNew: N ms, N reclaimed leaving N used; max is N Memtable: Completed flushing .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db Memtable: Writing Memtable()@N SSTable: Deleted .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db SSTableDeletingReference: Deleted .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db SSTableReader: Sampling index for .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db StorageService: Starting up server gossip SystemTable: Saved ClusterName found: Test Cluster SystemTable: Saved ClusterName not found. Using Test Cluster SystemTable: Saved Token found: N SystemTable: Saved Token not found. Using N For each of the log messages listed - what is the correct interpretation of the log message?

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  • What problems have you solved using artificial neural networks?

    - by knorv
    I'd like to know about specific problems you - the SO reader - have solved using artificial neural network techniques and what libraries/frameworks you used if you didn't roll your own. Questions: What problems have you used artificial neural networks to solve? What libraries/frameworks did you use? I'm looking for first-hand experiences, so please do not answer unless you have that.

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  • Name "main::a" used only once: possible typo at ... line ...

    - by knorv
    When running the following Perl code ... use Data::Traverse qw(traverse); use warnings; my $struct = [ 1, 2, { foo => 42 }, [ 3, 4, [ 5, 6, { bar => 43 } ] ], 7, 8 ]; traverse { print "$a => $b\n" if /HASH/ } $struct; ... the warning Name "main::[ab]" used only once: possible typo is given. Since the use of $a and $b is clearly not a typo in this case I want to get rid of the warning. How do I do that while still using warnings?

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  • Does Perl's Net::Cassandra module support UTF-8?

    - by knorv
    I've run into a really strange UTF-8 problem with Net::Cassandra::Easy (which is built upon Net::Cassandra): UTF-8 strings written to Cassandra are garbled upon retrieval. The following code shows the problem: use strict; use utf8; use warnings; use Net::Cassandra::Easy; binmode(STDOUT, ":utf8"); my $key = "some_key"; my $column = "some_column"; my $set_value = "\x{2603}"; my $cassandra = Net::Cassandra::Easy->new(keyspace => "Keyspace1", server => "localhost"); $cassandra->connect(); $cassandra->mutate([$key], family => "Standard1", insertions => { $column => $set_value }); my $result = $cassandra->get([$key], family => "Standard1", standard => 1); my $get_value = $result->{$key}->{"Standard1"}->{$column}; if ($set_value eq $get_value) { # this is the path I want. print "OK: $set_value == $get_value\n"; } else { # this is the path I get. print "ERR: $set_value != $get_value\n"; } When running the code above $set_value eq $get_value evaluates to false. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Tuning recommendations from mysqltuner.pl: query_cache_limit

    - by knorv
    The mysqltuner.pl script gives me the following recommendation: query_cache_limit (> 1M, or use smaller result sets) And MySQL status output shows: mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Qcache%'; +-------------------------+------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------+------------+ | Qcache_free_blocks | 12264 | | Qcache_free_memory | 1001213144 | | Qcache_hits | 3763384 | | Qcache_inserts | 54632419 | | Qcache_lowmem_prunes | 0 | | Qcache_not_cached | 6656246 | | Qcache_queries_in_cache | 55280 | | Qcache_total_blocks | 122848 | +-------------------------+------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) From the status output above, how can I judge whether or nor the suggested increase in query_cache_limit is needed?

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  • Net::Cassandra::Easy equivalent of "SELECT * FROM ..."

    - by knorv
    When using Perl's Net::Cassandra::Easy the following code will retrieve columns col[1-3] from rows row[1-3]: $result = $cassandra->get(['row1', 'row2', 'row3'], family => 'Standard1', byname => ['col1', 'col2', 'col3'); The corresponding SQL would be: SELECT col1, col2, col3 FROM rows WHERE id IN ('row1', 'row2', 'row3'); Suppose instead that I want to retrieve all columns. In SQL terms that would be: SELECT * FROM rows WHERE id IN ('row1', 'row2', 'row3'); To get all columns I am currently using: $result = $cassandra->get(['row1', 'row2', 'row3'], family => 'Standard1', byoffset => { "count" => 1_000_000 }); This works as long as the number of columns does not exceed one million. While this works I'd assume that there is a cleaner way to do it. My question is: Is there any cleaner way to specify to Cassandra that I want to retrieve all columns for the maching rows?

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  • What problems have you solved using genetic algorithms/genetic programming?

    - by knorv
    Genetic algorithms (GA) and genetic programming (GP) are interesting areas of research. I'd like to know about specific problems you - the SO reader - have solved using GA/GP and what libraries/frameworks you used if you didn't roll your own. Questions: What problems have you used GA/GP to solve? What libraries/frameworks did you use? I'm looking for first-hand experiences, so please do not answer unless you have that.

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  • Interpreting segfault messages written to kernel log file

    - by knorv
    What is the correct interpretation of the following segfault messages? segfault at 10 ip 00007f9bebcca90d sp 00007fffb62705f0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f9beb83a000+f6f000] segfault at 10 ip 00007fa44d78890d sp 00007fff43f6b720 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7fa44d2f8000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f2b0022acee sp 00007fff368ea610 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f2aff9f7000+f6f000] segfault at 11 ip 00007f24b21adcee sp 00007fff7379ded0 error 4 in libQtWebKit.so.4.5.2[7f24b197a000+f6f000]

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  • How do I insert a row with Perl's Net::Cassandra::Easy?

    - by knorv
    When using the Perl module Net::Cassandra::Easy to interface with Cassandra I use the following code to read colums col[123] from rows row[123] in column-family Standard1: my $cassandra = Net::Cassandra::Easy->new(keyspace => 'Keyspace1', server => 'localhost'); $cassandra->connect(); my $result = $cassandra->get(['row1', 'row2', 'row3'], family => 'Standard1', byname => ['col1', 'col2', 'col3']); This works as expected. However, when trying to insert row row1 with .. $result = $cassandra->mutate(['row1'], family => 'Standard1', insertions => { "col1" => "Value to set." }); .. I get the error message Can't use string ("0") as a SCALAR ref while "strict refs" in use at .../Net/GenThrift/Thrift/BinaryProtocol.pm line 376. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Querying a Cassandra column family for rows that have not been updated in X days

    - by knorv
    I'm moving an existing MySQL based application over to Cassandra. So far finding the equivalent Cassandra data model has been quite easy, but I've stumbled on the following problem for which I'd appreciate some input: Consider a MySQL table holding millions of entities: CREATE TABLE entities ( id INT AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL, entity_information VARCHAR(...), entity_last_updated DATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (id), KEY (entity_last_updated) ); The table is regularly queried for entities that need to be updated: SELECT id FROM entities WHERE entity_last_updated IS NULL OR entity_last_updated < DATE_ADD(NOW(), INTERVAL -7*24 HOUR) ORDER BY entity_last_updated ASC; The entities returned by this queries are then updated using the following query: UPDATE entities SET entity_information = ?, entity_last_updated = NOW() WHERE id = ?; What would be the corresponding Cassandra data model that would allow me to store the given information and effectively query the entities table for entities that need to be updated (that is: entities that have not been updated in the last seven days)?

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  • What scalability problems have you solved using a NoSQL data store?

    - by knorv
    NoSQL refers to non-relational data stores that break with the history of relational databases and ACID guarantees. Popular open source NoSQL data stores include: Cassandra (tabular, written in Java, used by Facebook, Twitter, Digg, Rackspace, Mahalo and Reddit) CouchDB (document, written in Erlang, used by Engine Yard and BBC) Dynomite (key-value, written in C++, used by Powerset) HBase (key-value, written in Java, used by Bing) Hypertable (tabular, written in C++, used by Baidu) Kai (key-value, written in Erlang) MemcacheDB (key-value, written in C, used by Reddit) MongoDB (document, written in C++, used by Sourceforge, Github, Electronic Arts and NY Times) Neo4j (graph, written in Java, used by Swedish Universities) Project Voldemort (key-value, written in Java, used by LinkedIn) Redis (key-value, written in C, used by Engine Yard, Github and Craigslist) Riak (key-value, written in Erlang, used by Comcast and Mochi Media) Ringo (key-value, written in Erlang, used by Nokia) Scalaris (key-value, written in Erlang, used by OnScale) ThruDB (document, written in C++, used by JunkDepot.com) Tokyo Cabinet/Tokyo Tyrant (key-value, written in C, used by Mixi.jp (Japanese social networking site)) I'd like to know about specific problems you - the SO reader - have solved using data stores and what NoSQL data store you used. Questions: What scalability problems have you used NoSQL data stores to solve? What NoSQL data store did you use? What database did you use before switching to a NoSQL data store? I'm looking for first-hand experiences, so please do not answer unless you have that.

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  • Is sstable2json broken in Cassandra 0.6.0-beta3?

    - by knorv
    I'm getting NullPointerException:s when using sstable2json in Cassandra 0.6.0-beta3: $ bin/sstable2json .../cassandra/data/system/LocationInfo-1-Data.db Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at java.util.Arrays$ArrayList.<init>(Arrays.java:3357) at java.util.Arrays.asList(Arrays.java:3343) at org.apache.cassandra.tools.SSTableExport.export(SSTableExport.java:255) at org.apache.cassandra.tools.SSTableExport.export(SSTableExport.java:299) at org.apache.cassandra.tools.SSTableExport.export(SSTableExport.java:323) at org.apache.cassandra.tools.SSTableExport.main(SSTableExport.java:367) I've had no problems with sstable2json when using Cassandra 0.5. Is sstable2json broken in Cassandra 0.6.0-beta3 or am I doing something wrong?

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  • Recommendations for domain name registrar with API-support

    - by knorv
    I'm building a web application that needs to register domain names programmatically. What domain name registrars with API support fulfill the following requirements: Supports .COM Ideally cheap Reliable, trustworthy and should been so over an extended period of time What API-supporting domain name registrars have you used? What are your recommendations and why?

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  • Why doesn't Python require exactly four spaces per indentation level?

    - by knorv
    Whitespace is signification in Python in that code blocks are defined by their indentation. Furthermore, Guido van Rossum recommends using four spaces per indentation level (see PEP 8: Style Guide for Python Code). What was the reasoning behind not requiring exactly four spaces per indentation level as well? Are there any technical reasons? It seems like all the arguments that can be made for making whitespace define code blocks can also be used to argument for setting an exact whitespace length for one indentation level (say four spaces).

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  • Cassandra API equivalent of "SELECT ... FROM ... WHERE id IN ('...', '...', '...');"

    - by knorv
    Assume the following data set: id age city phone == === ==== ===== alfred 30 london 3281283 jeff 43 sydney 2342734 joe 29 tokyo 1283881 kelly 54 new york 2394929 molly 20 london 1823881 rob 39 sydney 4928381 To get the following result set .. id age phone == === ===== alfred 30 3281283 joe 29 1283881 molly 20 1823881 .. using SQL one would issue .. SELECT id, age, phone FROM dataset WHERE id IN ('alfred', 'joe', 'molly'); What is the corresponding Cassandra API call that would yield the same result set in one command?

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