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  • Case Statements versus coded if statements

    - by Eric
    What is more efficient - handling with case statements in sql or handling the same data using if statements in code. I'm asking because my colleague has a huge query that has many case statements. I advised her to take stress off of the DB by coding the case statements. I've found that it is more efficient...but why?

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  • Firebird multiple statements

    - by Aldo
    Hello, is there any way to execute multiple statements (none of which will have to return anything) on Firebird? Like importing a SQL file and executing it. I've been looking for a while and couldn't find anything for this.

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  • Should I avoid using Java Label Statements?

    - by Kamikaze Mercenary
    Today I had a coworker suggest I refactor my code to use a label statement to control flow through 2 nested for loops I had created. I've never used them before because personally I think they decrease the readability of a program. I am willing to change my mind about using them if the argument is solid enough however. What are people's opinions on label statements?

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  • SQL -- How to combine three SELECT statements with very tricky requirements

    - by Frederick
    I have a SQL query with three SELECT statements. A picture of the data tables generated by these three select statements is located at www.britestudent.com/pub/1.png. Each of the three data tables have identical columns. I want to combine these three tables into one table such that: (1) All rows in top table (Table1) are always included. (2) Rows in the middle table (Table2) are included only when the values in column1 (UserName) and column4 (CourseName) do not match with any row from Table1. Both columns need to match for the row in Table2 to not be included. (3) Rows in the bottom table (Table3) are included only when the value in column4 (CourseName) is not already in any row of the results from combining Table1 and Table2. I have had success in implementing (1) and (2) with an SQL query like this: SELECT DISTINCT UserName AS UserName, MAX(AmountUsed) AS AmountUsed, MAX(AnsweredCorrectly) AS AnsweredCorrectly, CourseName, MAX(course_code) AS course_code, MAX(NoOfQuestionsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, MAX(NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse FROM ( "SELECT statement 1" UNION "SELECT statement 2" ) dt_derivedTable_1 GROUP BY CourseName, UserName Where "SELECT statement 1" is the query that generates Table1 and "SELECT statement 2" is the query that generates Table2. A picture of the data table generated by this query is located at www.britestudent.com/pub/2.png. I can get away with using the MAX() function because values in the AmountUsed and AnsweredCorrectly columns in Table1 will always be larger than those in Table2 (and they are identical in the last three columns of both tables). What I fail at is implementing (3). Any suggestions on how to do this will be appreciated. It is tricky because the UserName values in Table3 are null, and because the CourseName values in the combined Table1 and Table2 results are not unique (but they are unique in Table3). After implementing (3), the final table should look like the table in picture 2.png with the addition of the last row from Table3 (the row with the CourseName value starting with "4. Klasse..." I have tried to implement (3) using another derived table using SELECT, MAX() and UNION, but I could not get it to work. Below is my full SQL query with the lines from this failed attempt to implement (3) commented out. Cheers, Frederick PS--I am new to this forum (and new to SQL as well), but I have had more of my previous problems answered by reading other people's posts on this forum than from reading any other forum or Web site. This forum is a great resources. -- SELECT DISTINCT MAX(UserName), MAX(AmountUsed) AS AmountUsed, MAX(AnsweredCorrectly) AS AnsweredCorrectly, CourseName, MAX(course_code) AS course_code, MAX(NoOfQuestionsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, MAX(NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse -- FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT UserName AS UserName, MAX(AmountUsed) AS AmountUsed, MAX(AnsweredCorrectly) AS AnsweredCorrectly, CourseName, MAX(course_code) AS course_code, MAX(NoOfQuestionsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, MAX(NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse) AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse FROM ( -- Table 1 - All UserAccount/Course combinations that have had quizzez. SELECT DISTINCT dbo.win_user.user_name AS UserName, cast(dbo.GetAmountUsed(dbo.session_header.win_user_id, dbo.course.course_id, dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course) as nvarchar(10)) AS AmountUsed, Isnull(cast(dbo.GetAnswerCorrectly(dbo.session_header.win_user_id, dbo.course.course_id, dbo.question_set.no_of_questions) as nvarchar(10)),0) AS AnsweredCorrectly, dbo.course.course_name AS CourseName, dbo.course.course_code, dbo.course.no_of_questions_in_course AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse FROM dbo.session_detail INNER JOIN dbo.session_header ON dbo.session_detail.session_header_id = dbo.session_header.session_header_id INNER JOIN dbo.win_user ON dbo.session_header.win_user_id = dbo.win_user.win_user_id INNER JOIN dbo.win_user_course ON dbo.win_user_course.win_user_id = dbo.win_user.win_user_id INNER JOIN dbo.question_set ON dbo.session_header.question_set_id = dbo.question_set.question_set_id RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.course ON dbo.win_user_course.course_id = dbo.course.course_id WHERE (dbo.session_detail.no_of_attempts = 1 OR dbo.session_detail.no_of_attempts IS NULL) AND (dbo.session_detail.is_correct = 1 OR dbo.session_detail.is_correct IS NULL) AND (dbo.win_user_course.is_active = 'True') GROUP BY dbo.win_user.user_name, dbo.course.course_name, dbo.question_set.no_of_questions, dbo.course.no_of_questions_in_course, dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course, dbo.session_header.win_user_id, dbo.course.course_id, dbo.course.course_code UNION ALL -- Table 2 - All UserAccount/Course combinations that do or do not have quizzes but where the Course is selected for quizzes for that User Account. SELECT dbo.win_user.user_name AS UserName, -1 AS AmountUsed, -1 AS AnsweredCorrectly, dbo.course.course_name AS CourseName, dbo.course.course_code, dbo.course.no_of_questions_in_course AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse FROM dbo.win_user_course INNER JOIN dbo.win_user ON dbo.win_user_course.win_user_id = dbo.win_user.win_user_id RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.course ON dbo.win_user_course.course_id = dbo.course.course_id WHERE (dbo.win_user_course.is_active = 'True') GROUP BY dbo.win_user.user_name, dbo.course.course_name, dbo.course.no_of_questions_in_course, dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course, dbo.course.course_id, dbo.course.course_code ) dt_derivedTable_1 GROUP BY CourseName, UserName -- UNION ALL -- Table 3 - All Courses. -- SELECT DISTINCT null AS UserName, -- -2 AS AmountUsed, -- -2 AS AnsweredCorrectly, -- dbo.course.course_name AS CourseName, -- dbo.course.course_code, -- dbo.course.no_of_questions_in_course AS NoOfQuestionsInCourse, -- dbo.course.no_of_questionsets_in_course AS NoOfQuestionSetsInCourse -- FROM dbo.course -- WHERE is_active = 'True' -- ) dt_derivedTable_2 -- GROUP BY CourseName -- ORDER BY CourseName

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  • Mysqli prepared insert statements always returning false

    - by user1754679
    I'm writing prepared statements that are supposed to insert data into a table, on a database that's been pre-selected in the variable $GLOBALS['mysqli']. The connection has been tested, and that's not the problem I'm having. I'm only running into trouble whenever my prepared statement involves INSERT INTO. I know the tablename, and field names are correct, but $stmt is ALWAYS false. What gives? $stmt = $GLOBALS['mysqli']->prepare("INSERT INTO audit_RefreshCount (user, count, lastrefresh) values (?,?,?)"); if ($stmt == TRUE) { $stmt->bindParam('ssi', $_SESSION['username'], '0', time()); //$stmt->bind_Param('ssi', $_SESSION['username'], '0', time()); // Also doesn't work. $stmt->execute(); }

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  • Venezuela's Highly Inflationary Economy Means Changes to Financial Statements

    - by Theresa Hickman
    This is a bit of an esoteric topic, but given the number of U.S. Companies (particularly oil companies) that operate and have subsidiaries in Venezuela, I think it is worthy of an honorable mention. As you may or may not know, Venezuela's currency has had some changes over the years. In 2008, the Venezuelan Bolivar became the Bolivar Fuerte which dropped three zeros. So Bs.10,000 became Bs.F.10 and all their bills and coins were changed to reflect this. Then on Jan. 8, 2010, the government devalued the currency by 100%. The conversion from VEF to USD dropped from 2.15 to 4.30. (I always wanted to visit Venezuela; I guess it's time to book my vacation). The SEC recently labeled Venezuela a highly inflationary economy. This means that US companies with investments/subsidiaries in Venezuela will need to apply highly inflationary accounting rules starting on Jan. 1, 2010. In addition, companies need to make more detailed disclosures when the Venezuelan reported balances differ from the actual US dollar denominated balances. In a nut shell, if you formerly used translation, then starting Jan 1 of this year, you must now use remeasurement (or temporal method) to restate your Venezuelan entity's financial statements. See ASC topic 830, Foreign Currency Matters, which states that "[t]he financial statements of a foreign entity in a highly inflationary economy shall be remeasured as if the functional currency were the reporting currency." For you non-accountants that I haven't bored and are still reading at this point, the reason why the SEC is doing this is to ensure financial statements are presented as accurately as possible. Hyperinflationary economies have volatile currencies, such as Venezuela (it's not every day a currency devalues 100% overnight) which can distort financial statements if the local currency (Venezuelan Bolivar Fuerte) is used as the functional currency. To make financial statements more accurate, the reporting currency of the U.S. parent (US dollars) should be used as the functional currency. FASB.orgactually has a nice write-up on this.

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  • Why lock statements don't scale

    - by Alex.Davies
    We are going to have to stop using lock statements one day. Just like we had to stop using goto statements. The problem is similar, they're pretty easy to follow in small programs, but code with locks isn't composable. That means that small pieces of program that work in isolation can't necessarily be put together and work together. Of course actors scale fine :) Why lock statements don't scale as software gets bigger Deadlocks. You have a program with lots of threads picking up lots of locks. You already know that if two of your threads both try to pick up a lock that the other already has, they will deadlock. Your program will come to a grinding halt, and there will be fire and brimstone. "Easy!" you say, "Just make sure all the threads pick up the locks in the same order." Yes, that works. But you've broken composability. Now, to add a new lock to your code, you have to consider all the other locks already in your code and check that they are taken in the right order. Algorithm buffs will have noticed this approach means it takes quadratic time to write a program. That's bad. Why lock statements don't scale as hardware gets bigger Memory bus contention There's another headache, one that most programmers don't usually need to think about, but is going to bite us in a big way in a few years. Locking needs exclusive use of the entire system's memory bus while taking out the lock. That's not too bad for a single or dual-core system, but already for quad-core systems it's a pretty large overhead. Have a look at this blog about the .NET 4 ThreadPool for some numbers and a weird analogy (see the author's comment). Not too bad yet, but I'm scared my 1000 core machine of the future is going to go slower than my machine today! I don't know the answer to this problem yet. Maybe some kind of per-core work queue system with hierarchical work stealing. Definitely hardware support. But what I do know is that using locks specifically prevents any solution to this. We should be abstracting our code away from the details of locks as soon as possible, so we can swap in whatever solution arrives when it does. NAct uses locks at the moment. But my advice is that you code using actors (which do scale well as software gets bigger). And when there's a better way of implementing actors that'll scale well as hardware gets bigger, only NAct needs to work out how to use it, and your program will go fast on it's own.

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  • Generating Insert Statements

    This article from new author Oleg Netchaev describes the cursor-less script used to generate insert statements. This allows you to efficiently and easily add data generation statements to your project deployments.

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  • Avoid if statements in DirectX 10 shaders?

    - by PolGraphic
    I have heard that if statements should be avoid in shaders, because both parts of the statements will be execute, and than the wrong will be dropped (which harms the performance). It's still a problem in DirectX 10? Somebody told me, that in it only the right branch will be execute. For the illustration I have the code: float y1 = 5; float y2 = 6; float b1 = 2; float b2 = 3; if(x>0.5){ x = 10 * y1 + b1; }else{ x = 10 * y2 + b2; } Is there an other way to make it faster? If so, how do it? Both branches looks similar, the only difference is the values of "constants" (y1, y2, b1, b2 are the same for all pixels in Pixel Shader).

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  • SQL Strings vs. Conditional SQL Statements

    - by Yatrix
    Is there an advantage to piecemealing sql strings together vs conditional sql statements in SQL Server itself? I have only about 10 months of SQL experience, so I could be speaking out of pure ignorance here. Where I work, I see people building entire queries in strings and concatenating strings together depending on conditions. For example: Set @sql = 'Select column1, column2 from Table 1 ' If SomeCondtion @sql = @sql + 'where column3 = ' + @param1 else @sql = @sql + 'where column4 = ' + @param2 That's a real simple example, but what I'm seeing here is multiple joins and huge queries built from strings and then executed. Some of them even write out what's basically a function to execute, including Declare statements, variables, etc. Is there an advantage to doing it this way when you could do it with just conditions in the sql itself? To me, it seems a lot harder to debug, change and even write vs adding cases, if-elses or additional where parameters to branch the query.

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  • Absolute statements in IT that are wrong

    - by Dan McGrath
    I was recently in a discussion about the absolute statement "It costs more in programming time to optimise software than it costs to throw hardware at a problem". The general thought (of which I agree with) is that as an absolute statement this is wrong. There are too many variables to ever generalise in such a way. What other statements do you hear about software/programming that simply do not work as an absolute and why?

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  • MySQL Prepared Statements to Generate Crosstab SQL

    MySQL Reporting requirements sometimes require both unknown column and row values, necessitating a more powerful means of generating crosstabs. Today's article presents Prepared Statements, which dynamically generate the SQL and assign it to a variable so that we can tailor the output based on the number of data values.

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  • MySQL Prepared Statements to Generate Crosstab SQL

    MySQL Reporting requirements sometimes require both unknown column and row values, necessitating a more powerful means of generating crosstabs. Today's article presents Prepared Statements, which dynamically generate the SQL and assign it to a variable so that we can tailor the output based on the number of data values.

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  • MySQL Prepared Statements to Generate Crosstab SQL

    <b>Database Journal:</b> "MySQL Reporting requirements sometimes require both unknown column and row values, necessitating a more powerful means of generating crosstabs. Today's article presents Prepared Statements, which dynamically generate the SQL and assign it to a variable so that we can tailor the output based on the number of data values."

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  • MERGE Your DML Statements in SQL Server 2008

    MERGE is a new statement introduced in the SQL:2003 standard for performing multiple DML (Data Manipulation Language) statements against a target table at once. In this article we will look into ways to take advantage of this powerful addition to SQL Server 2008.

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  • All libGDX input statements are returning TRUE at once

    - by MowDownJoe
    I'm fooling around with Box2D and libGDX and running into a peculiar problem with polling for input. Here's the code for the Screen's render() loop: @Override public void render(float delta) { Gdx.gl20.glClearColor(0, 0, .2f, 1); Gdx.gl20.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); camera.update(); game.batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); debugRenderer.render(world, camera.combined); if(Gdx.input.isButtonPressed(Keys.LEFT)){ Gdx.app.log("Input", "Left is being pressed."); pushyThingyBody.applyForceToCenter(-10f, 0); } if(Gdx.input.isButtonPressed(Keys.RIGHT)){ Gdx.app.log("Input", "Right is being pressed."); pushyThingyBody.applyForceToCenter(10f, 0); } world.step((1f/45f), 6, 2); } And the constructor is largely just setting up the World, Box2DDebugRenderer, and all the Bodies in the world: public SandBox(PhysicsSandboxGame game) { this.game = game; camera = new OrthographicCamera(800, 480); camera.setToOrtho(false); world = new World(new Vector2(0, -9.8f), true); debugRenderer = new Box2DDebugRenderer(); BodyDef bodyDef = new BodyDef(); bodyDef.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; bodyDef.position.set(100, 300); body = world.createBody(bodyDef); CircleShape circle = new CircleShape(); circle.setRadius(6f); FixtureDef fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.shape = circle; fixtureDef.density = .5f; fixtureDef.friction = .4f; fixtureDef.restitution = .6f; fixture = body.createFixture(fixtureDef); circle.dispose(); BodyDef groundBodyDef = new BodyDef(); groundBodyDef.position.set(new Vector2(0, 10)); groundBody = world.createBody(groundBodyDef); PolygonShape groundBox = new PolygonShape(); groundBox.setAsBox(camera.viewportWidth, 10f); groundBody.createFixture(groundBox, 0f); groundBox.dispose(); BodyDef pushyThingyBodyDef = new BodyDef(); pushyThingyBodyDef.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; pushyThingyBodyDef.position.set(new Vector2(400, 30)); pushyThingyBody = world.createBody(pushyThingyBodyDef); PolygonShape pushyThingyShape = new PolygonShape(); pushyThingyShape.setAsBox(40f, 10f); FixtureDef pushyThingyFixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); pushyThingyFixtureDef.shape = pushyThingyShape; pushyThingyFixtureDef.density = .4f; pushyThingyFixtureDef.friction = .1f; pushyThingyFixtureDef.restitution = .5f; pushyFixture = pushyThingyBody.createFixture(pushyThingyFixtureDef); pushyThingyShape.dispose(); } Testing this on the desktop. Basically, whenever I hit the appropriate keys, neither of the if statements in the loop return true. However, when I click in the window, both statements return true, resulting in a 0 net force on the body. Why is this?

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  • Funny statements, quotes, phrases, errors found on technical Books [closed]

    - by Felipe Fiali
    I found some funny or redundant statements on technical books I've read, I'd like to share. And I mean good, serious, technical books. Ok so starting it all: The .NET framework doesn't support teleportation From MCTS 70-536 Training kit book - .NET Framework 2.0 Application Development Foundation Teleportation in science fiction is a good example of serialization (though teleportation is not currently supported byt the .NET Framework). C# 3 is sexy From Jon Skeet's C# in Depth second Edition You may be itching to get on to the sexy stuff from C# 3 by this point, and I don’t blame you. Instantiating a class From Introduction to development II in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2009 To instantiate a class, is to create a new instance of it. Continue or break From Introduction to development II in Microsoft Dynamics AX 2009 Continue and break commands are used within all three loops to tell the execution to break or continue. These are just a few. I'll post some more later. Share some that you might have found too.

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  • Top 10 Transact-SQL Statements a SQL Server DBA Should Know

    Microsoft SQL Server is a feature rich database management system product, with an enormous number of T-SQL commands. With each feature supporting its own list of commands, it can be difficult to remember them all. MAK shares his top 10 T-SQL statements that a DBA should know. Join SQL Backup’s 35,000+ customers to compress and strengthen your backups "SQL Backup will be a REAL boost to any DBA lucky enough to use it." Jonathan Allen. Download a free trial now.

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