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• What is the possible benefit (if any) of allowing recursive contructors?

  - by Penang

  In Java, constructors cannot be recursive. Compile time error: "recursive constructor invocation". Let's assume that we did not have this restriction. Things to keep in mind: The return type of a constructor is void. Since it is a void method you can't harness the complete power of recursion. A constructor can invoke itself (or any other constructor) using this(). But a "call to this must be first statement in constructor" We could use non local data between consecutive calls to still have some possible gain from recursive constructors. Would there be any benefit from allowing recursive constructors?

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• Where can I learn more about datastructure tricky questions?

  - by Sandbox

  I am relatively new to programming (around 1 year programming C#-winforms). Also, I come from a non CS background (no formal degree) Recently, while being interviewed for a job, I was asked about implementing a queue using a stack. I fumbled and wan't able to answer the question. After, the interview I could do it(had to spend some time). I have learnt (and think that I know it well) basic algorithms in datastructures using the book Data Structures: A Pseudocode Approach with C - Richard F. Gilberg (Author) . I want to know about sites/ books which have such questions along with answers. I think this will allow me to develop my CS specific problem solving skills. Any help is appreciated. BOUNTY: I am looking at some blog/website with datastructure and algorithms Q&A.

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• Opinions on collision detection objects with a moving scene

  - by Evan Teran

  So my question is simple, and I guess it boils down to how anal you want to be about collision detection. To keep things simple, lets assume we're talking about 2D sprites defined by a bounding box. In addition, let's assume that my sprite object has a function to detect collisions like this: S.collidesWith(other); Finally the scene is moving and "walls" in the scene can move, an object may not touch a wall. So a simple implementation might look like this (psuedo code): moveWalls(); moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } The problem with this is that if the sprite and wall move towards each other, depending on the circumstances (such as diagonal moment). They may pass though each other (unlikely but could happen). So I may do this instead. moveWalls(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } This takes care of the passing through each other issue, but another rare issue comes up. If they are adjacent to each other (literally the next pixel) and both the wall and the sprite are moving left, then I will get an invalid collision since the wall moves, checks for collision (hit) then the sprite is moved. Which seems unfair. In addition, to that, the redundant collision detection feels very inefficient. I could give the player movement priority alleviating the first issue but it is still checking twice. moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } moveWalls(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } Am I simply over thinking this issue, should this just be chalked up to "it'll happen rare enough that no one will care"? Certainly looking at old sprite based games, I often find situations where the collision detection has subtle flaws, but I figure by now we can do better :-P. What are people's thoughts?

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• Why are compilers so stupid?

  - by martinus

  I always wonder why compilers can't figure out simple things that are obvious to the human eye. They do lots of simple optimizations, but never something even a little bit complex. For example, this code takes about 6 seconds on my computer to print the value zero (using java 1.6): int x = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 100 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000; ++i) { x += x + x + x + x + x; } System.out.println(x); It is totally obvious that x is never changed so no matter how often you add 0 to itself it stays zero. So the compiler could in theory replace this with System.out.println(0). Or even better, this takes 23 seconds: public int slow() { String s = "x"; for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) { s += "x"; } return 10; } First the compiler could notice that I am actually creating a string s of 100000 "x" so it could automatically use s StringBuilder instead, or even better directly replace it with the resulting string as it is always the same. Second, It does not recognize that I do not actually use the string at all, so the whole loop could be discarded! Why, after so much manpower is going into fast compilers, are they still so relatively dumb? EDIT: Of course these are stupid examples that should never be used anywhere. But whenever I have to rewrite a beautiful and very readable code into something unreadable so that the compiler is happy and produces fast code, I wonder why compilers or some other automated tool can't do this work for me.

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• Why does C# allow abstract class with no abstract members?

  - by fatcat1111

  The C# spec, section 10.1.1.1, states: An abstract class is permitted (but not required) to contain abstract members. This allows me to create classes like this: public abstract class A { public void Main() { // it's full of logic! } } This is really a concrete class; it's only abstract in so far as one can't instantiate it. If inheritors don't actually have to provide implementation, then why call it abstract?

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• What's the difference between application layer and business logic layer?

  - by miceuz

  what's the difference between application layer and business logic layer? I kind of understand that business layer provides business specific services and application layer couples business services and provides services to the end user (webservice, UI, etc) am i right?

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• Transliteration API: Is it possible to make all input fields in the page transliteratable?

  - by SolidSnakeGTI

  Hello, I've used "Google AJAX Transliteration API" and it's going well with me. http://code.google.com/apis/ajaxlanguage/documentation/referenceTransliteration.html Currently I've a project that I need all input fields in every page (input & textarea tags) to be transliteratable, while these input fields differs from page to page (dynamic). As I know, I've to call makeTransliteratable(elementIds, opt_options) method in the API call to define which input fields to make transliteratable, and in my case here I can't predefine those fields manually. Is there a way to achieve this? Thanks in advance

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• Is there a way to programatically check dependencies of an EXE?

  - by Mason Wheeler

  I've got a certain project that I build and distribute to users. I have two build configurations, Debug and Release. Debug, obviously, is for my use in debugging, but there's an additional wrinkle: the Debug configuration uses a special debugging memory manager, with a dependency on an external DLL. There's been a few times when I've accidentally built and distributed an installer package with the Debug configuration, and it's then failed to run once installed because the users don't have the special DLL. I'd like to be able to keep that from happening in the future. I know I can get the dependencies in a program by running Dependency Walker, but I'm looking for a way to do it programatically. Specifically, I have a way to run scripts while creating the installer, and I want something I can put in the installer script to check the program and see if it has a dependency on this DLL, and if so, cause the installer-creation process to fail with an error. I know how to create a simple CLI program that would take two filenames as parameters, and could run a DependsOn function and create output based on the result of it, but I don't know what to put in the DependsOn function. Does anyone know how I'd go about writing it?

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• Brilliant features of C++

  - by John

  (Following Features to remove from C++ and Desired features for C++, I thought why not complete the trio...) What C++ features would you not change? What features are elegantly and brilliantly implemented and still look better than other popular languages?

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• How does Amazon's Statistically Improbable Phrases work?

  - by ??iu

  How does something like Statistically Improbable Phrases work? According to amazon: Amazon.com's Statistically Improbable Phrases, or "SIPs", are the most distinctive phrases in the text of books in the Search Inside!™ program. To identify SIPs, our computers scan the text of all books in the Search Inside! program. If they find a phrase that occurs a large number of times in a particular book relative to all Search Inside! books, that phrase is a SIP in that book. SIPs are not necessarily improbable within a particular book, but they are improbable relative to all books in Search Inside!. For example, most SIPs for a book on taxes are tax related. But because we display SIPs in order of their improbability score, the first SIPs will be on tax topics that this book mentions more often than other tax books. For works of fiction, SIPs tend to be distinctive word combinations that often hint at important plot elements. For instance, for Joel's first book, the SIPs are: leaky abstractions, antialiased text, own dog food, bug count, daily builds, bug database, software schedules One interesting complication is that these are phrases of either 2 or 3 words. This makes things a little more interesting because these phrases can overlap with or contain each other.

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• What is the Software Development Lifecycle?

  - by j-t-s

  Our investor wants a SDLC. I've never written one before, and I don't have enough time to go and buy a book, or spend much time learning about them. From what I've been told about them, they consist of requirements (what needs to be done), and a list is done. Is this correct? Update: I have found this article which really helps to explain things in simple terms and very quickly. Not that I think an SDLC should be done quickly. In my case, I have no other option.

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• book with good examples for each implementation?

  - by ajsie

  i've read about design patterns and it seems that there are a lot of different design patterns to use. i wonder if there are some books that acts like a reference. "you want to build a framework, then consider this, this and this pattern". also giving some examples. then jumps to another implementation eg. search engine and gives some patterns and concrete examples to use. in this way you learn about the weakness and strength about each pattern and where they will fit, instead of just reading about every design pattern decoupled from each other. are there good "reference sheets" or other tutorials good for a beginner at this? thanks

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• Algorithm for sentence analysis and tokenization

  - by Andrea Nagar

  I need to analyze a document and compile statistics as to how many times each a sequence of words is used (so the analysis is not on single words but of batch of recurring words). I read that compression algorithms do something similar to what I want - creating dictionaries of blocks of text with a piece of information reporting its frequency. It should be something similar to http://www.codeproject.com/KB/recipes/Patterns.aspx Do you have anything written in C#?

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• How to call an event when the user "finally" selects an item in a list?

  - by herzmeister der welten

  When a user clicks once on an item in a Grid or a ListBox, that item is usually selected, hence most UI frameworks have a onSelected event or the like for that. However, how can we generally call the next step when a user "finally" selects an item by e.g. double clicking an entry? You know when some popup might appear in the context of the selected item and the user can do further stuff. Strangely enough, I think I have never seen a word for that in any UI framework. onPicked, onAccepted, onChosen, onFinallySelected, onResult? All kinda awkward or too special. Any other ideas?

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• Deal with undefined values in code or in the template?

  - by David

  I'm writing a web application (in Python, not that it matters). One of the features is that people can leave comments on things. I have a class for comments, basically like so: class Comment: user = ... # other stuff where user is an instance of another class, class User: name = ... # other stuff And of course in my template, I have <div>${comment.user.name}</div> Problem: Let's say I allow people to post comments anonymously. In that case comment.user is None (undefined), and of course accessing comment.user.name is going to raise an error. What's the best way to deal with that? I see three possibilities: Use a conditional in the template to test for that case and display something different. This is the most versatile solution, since I can change the way anonymous comments are displayed to, say, "Posted anonymously" (instead of "Posted by ..."), but I've often been told that templates should be mindless display machines and not include logic like that. Also, other people might wind up writing alternate templates for the same application, and I feel like I should be making things as easy as possible for the template writer. Implement an accessor method for the user property of a Comment that returns a dummy user object when the real user is undefined. This dummy object would have user.name = 'Anonymous' or something like that and so the template could access it and print its name with no error. Put an actual record in my database corresponding to a user with user.name = Anonymous (or something like that), and just assign that user to any comment posted when nobody's logged in. I know I've seen some real-world systems that operate this way. (phpBB?) Is there a prevailing wisdom among people who write these sorts of systems about which of these (or some other solution) is the best? Any pitfalls I should watch out for if I go one way vs. another? Whoever gives the best explanation gets the checkmark.

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• Constructing colours for maximum contrast

  - by Martin

  I want to draw some items on screen, each item is in one of N sets. The number of sets changes all the time, so I need to calculate N different colours which are as different as possible (to make it easy to identify what is in which set). So, for example with N = 2 my results would be black and white. With three I guess I would get all red, all green, all blue. For all four, it's less obvious what the correct answer is, and this is where I'm having trouble.

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• How can I convert German characters during XML read and PHP write into mysql?

  - by kitenski

  Morning, I am inputting data from an XML file into my database, but have any isse with German words (that are in the XML by mistake) For example the word für appears in my XML as für and thus appears the same in my database. I know I could do a simple search/replace for that exact phrase, but I was wondering if there was a smarter way to do it as I can't predict if any other German words may one day appear in the XML? ADDING SOME MORE DETAIL The XML source says: and in my PHP I have $domString = utf8_encode($dom-saveXML($element)); If I look into the XML file before I start reading it, it has - <title> - <![CDATA[ CoPilot Live v8 Europa für Android 8.0.0.644 ]]> </title> Thanks. Greg

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• Why didn't C have a boolean data type prior to C99?

  - by frou

  I realise you can just #define some integers, but why didn't C have a dedicated boolean data type before C99? It's such a common occurence in programming and logic, I don't understand the absense of an explicit type and notation.

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• How do actually castings work at the CLR level?

  - by devoured elysium

  When doing an upcast or downcast, what does really happen behind the scenes? I had the idea that when doing something as: string myString = "abc"; object myObject = myString; string myStringBack = (string)myObject; the cast in the last line would have as only purpose tell the compiler we are safe we are not doing anything wrong. So, I had the idea that actually no casting code would be embedded in the code itself. It seems I was wrong: .maxstack 1 .locals init ( [0] string myString, [1] object myObject, [2] string myStringBack) L_0000: nop L_0001: ldstr "abc" L_0006: stloc.0 L_0007: ldloc.0 L_0008: stloc.1 L_0009: ldloc.1 L_000a: castclass string L_000f: stloc.2 L_0010: ret Why does the CLR need something like castclass string? There are two possible implementations for a downcast: You require a castclass something. When you get to the line of code that does an castclass, the CLR tries to make the cast. But then, what would happen had I ommited the castclass string line and tried to run the code? You don't require a castclass. As all reference types have a similar internal structure, if you try to use a string on an Form instance, it will throw an exception of wrong usage (because it detects a Form is not a string or any of its subtypes). Also, is the following statamente from C# 4.0 in a Nutshell correct? Upcasting and downcasting between compatible reference types performs reference conversions: a new reference is created that points to the same object. Does it really create a new reference? I thought it'd be the same reference, only stored in a different type of variable. Thanks

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• Issue when I'm trying to draw gradient in swift

  - by bagusflyer

  I got an error when I was trying to draw gradient in Swift code: GradientView.swift:31:40: Could not find an overload for '__conversion' that accepts the supplied arguments Here is my code: let context : CGContextRef = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() let locations :CGFloat[] = [ 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 ] let colors = [UIColor.redColor().CGColor,UIColor.greenColor().CGColor,UIColor.blueColor().CGColor, UIColor.yellowColor().CGColor] let colorspace : CGColorSpaceRef = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB() let gradient : CGGradientRef = CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorspace, colors, locations) //CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorspace,colors,locations) let startPoint : CGPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0) let endPoint : CGPoint = CGPointMake(500,500) CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient,startPoint, endPoint, 0); The problem is the CGGradientCreateWithColors takes CFArray not a normal Swift Array. I have no idea how to convert CFArray to Array and can't find anything in Apple's document. Any idea? Thanks

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• Efficiently selecting a set of random elements from a linked list

  - by Matt Sheppard

  Say I have a linked list of numbers of length N. N is very large and I don’t know in advance the exact value of N. How can I most efficiently write a function that will return k completely random numbers from the list?

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• How long a desktop programmer able to convert himsleft on mastering PHP ?

  - by justjoe

  i know it depends on many thing. But can anybody tell me how long it should be ? I just want to draw a boundaries between successful and failed attempt to convert myself ?

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• Throwing cats out of windows

  - by AndrewF

  Imagine you're in a tall building with a cat. The cat can survive a fall out of a low story window, but will die if thrown from a high floor. How can you figure out the longest drop that the cat can survive, using the least number of attempts? Obviously, if you only have one cat, then you can only search linearly. First throw the cat from the first floor. If it survives, throw it from the second. Eventually, after being thrown from floor f, the cat will die. You then know that floor f-1 was the maximal safe floor. But what if you have more than one cat? You can now try some sort of logarithmic search. Let's say that the build has 100 floors and you have two identical cats. If you throw the first cat out of the 50th floor and it dies, then you only have to search 50 floors linearly. You can do even better if you choose a lower floor for your first attempt. Let's say that you choose to tackle the problem 20 floors at a time and that the first fatal floor is #50. In that case, your first cat will survive flights from floors 20 and 40 before dying from floor 60. You just have to check floors 41 through 49 individually. That's a total of 12 attempts, which is much better than the 50 you would need had you attempted to use binary elimination. In general, what's the best strategy and it's worst-case complexity for an n-storied building with 2 cats? What about for n floors and m cats? Assume that all cats are equivalent: they will all survive or die from a fall from a given window. Also, every attempt is independent: if a cat survives a fall, it is completely unharmed. This isn't homework, although I may have solved it for school assignment once. It's just a whimsical problem that popped into my head today and I don't remember the solution. Bonus points if anyone knows the name of this problem or of the solution algorithm.

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• Reverse engineering a bezier curve

  - by Martin

  Given a few sample points on a bézier curve, is it possible to work out the set of possible parameters of the curve? In my specific application there is a limited set of endpoints the curve may have, so I want to generate the set of possible curves, enumerate all of them and pick out all the ones which may end on a valid end point.

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• Should i write my own forum? If my site has banning/PM/etc?

  - by acidzombie24

  I built a site from scratch (already done). It has banning, PM, comments, etc. The PMs and comments are done using markdown (like SO system). Should i write my own forum code or should i find one already made? What are reasons for or against writing my own? There are pros and cons for writing my own or using another software. But some cons keeping me from using another forum software is Multiple Logins: One for the site, one for separate forums. Need to Customization code: I'll need to change the toolbar in the forum software so i can access pages on the regular site. Look consistency: It may look drastically different from my site even after applying lots of css changes. Banning and User consistency. Users may be ban on site or on forums but not the other. users may select a different or multiple usernames on the forum instead of being forced to use the same username on both site and forum. What are reasons for or against writing my own and using forum software?

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