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  • Signed and unsigned, and how bit extension works in C

    - by hatorade
    unsigned short s; s = 0xffff; int i = s; How does the extension work here? 2 larger order bytes are added, but I'm confused whether 1's or 0's are extended there. This is probably platform dependent so let's focus on what Unix does. Would the two bigger order bytes of the int be filled with 1's or 0's, and why? Basically, does the computer know that s is unsigned, and correctly assign 0's to the higher order bits of the int? So i is now 0x0000ffff? Or since ints are default signed in unix does it take the signed bit from s (a 1) and copy that to the higher order bytes?

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  • Beginner servlet question: accessing files in a .war, which path?

    - by Navigateur
    When a third-party library I'm using tries to access a file, I'm getting "Error opening ... file ... (No such file or directory)" even though I KNOW the file is in the WAR. I've tried both packaged (.war) and "exploded" (directory) deployment, and the file is definitely there. I've tried setting full permissions on it too. It's on Unix (Ubuntu). File is war/dict/index.sense and the error is "dict/index.sense (No such file or directory)". It works fine on my Windows computer when running in hosted mode as a GWT app from Eclipse, just not when I transfer it to the Unix machine for deployment. My question is: has anybody experienced this before and/or are there differences in relative path that I should consider i.e. what's the root path for relative file access in a war?

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  • How to identify/handle text file newlines in Java?

    - by rafrafUk
    Hi Everyone! I get files in different formats coming from different systems that I need to import into our database. Part of the import process it to check the line length to make sure the format is correct. We seem to be having issues with files coming from UNIX systems where one character is added. I suspect this is due to the return carriage being encoded differently on UNIX and windows platform. Is there a way to detect on which file system a file was created, other than checking the last character on the line? Or maybe a way of reading the files as text and not binary which I suspect is the issue? Thanks Guys !

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  • How to serve static files for multiple Django projects via nginx to same domain

    - by thanley
    I am trying to setup my nginx conf so that I can serve the relevant files for my multiple Django projects. Ultimately I want each app to be available at www.example.com/app1, www.example.com/app2 etc. They all serve static files from a 'static-files' directory located in their respective project root. The project structure: Home Ubuntu Web www.example.com ref logs app app1 app1 static bower_components templatetags app1_project templates static-files app2 app2 static templates templatetags app2_project static-files app3 tests templates static-files static app3_project app3 venv When I use the conf below, there are no problems for serving the static-files for the app that I designate in the /static/ location. I can also access the different apps found at their locations. However, I cannot figure out how to serve all of the static files for all the apps at the same time. I have looked into using the 'try_files' command for the static location, but cannot figure out how to see if it is working or not. Nginx Conf - Only serving static files for one app: server { listen 80; server_name example.com; server_name www.example.com; access_log /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/logs/access.log; error_log /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/logs/error.log; root /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/; location /static/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app1/static-files/; } location /media/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/media/; } location /app1/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app1; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app1.sock; } location /app2/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app2; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app2.sock; } location /app3/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app3; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app3.sock; } # what to serve if upstream is not available or crashes error_page 400 /static/400.html; error_page 403 /static/403.html; error_page 404 /static/404.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /static/500.html; # Compression gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_proxied any; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; # Some version of IE 6 don't handle compression well on some mime-types, # so just disable for them gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; # Set a vary header so downstream proxies don't send cached gzipped # content to IE6 gzip_vary on; } Essentially I want to have something like (I know this won't work) location /static/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app1/static-files/; alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app2/static-files/; alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app3/static-files/; } or (where it can serve the static files based on the uri) location /static/ { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } So basically, if I use try_files like above, is the problem in my project directory structure? Or am I totally off base on this and I need to put each app in a subdomain instead of going this route? Thanks for any suggestions TLDR: I want to go to: www.example.com/APP_NAME_HERE And have nginx serve the static location: /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/APP_NAME_HERE/static-files/;

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  • Courier Maildrop error user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified

    - by cad
    Hello I have a problem with maildrop. I have read dozens of webs/howto/emails but couldnt solve it. My objective is moving automatically spam messages to a spam folder. My email server is working perfectly. It marks spam in subject and headers using spamassasin. My box has: Ubuntu 9.04 Web: Apache2 + Php5 + MySQL MTA: Postfix 2.5.5 + SpamAssasin + virtual users using mysql IMAP: Courier 0.61.2 + Courier AuthLib WebMail: SquirrelMail I have read that I could use Squirrelmail directly (not a good idea), procmail or maildrop. As I already have maildrop in the box (from courier) I have configured the server to use maildrop (added an entry in transport table for a virtual domain). I found this error in email: This is the mail system at host foo.net I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster. If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]>: user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified. Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Action: failed Status: 5.1.1 Diagnostic-Code: x-unix; Invalid user specified. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: test <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Date: Sat, 1 May 2010 19:49:57 +0100 Subject: fail fail An this in the logs May 1 18:50:18 foo.net postfix/smtpd[14638]: connect from mail-bw0-f212.google.com[209.85.218.212] May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/smtpd[14638]: 8A9E9DC23F: client=mail-bw0-f212.google.com[209.85.218.212] May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 8A9E9DC23F: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:19 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 8A9E9DC23F: from=<[email protected]>, size=1858, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/pickup[14627]: 1D4B4DC2AA: uid=5002 from=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 1D4B4DC2AA: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/pipe[14644]: 8A9E9DC23F: to=<[email protected]>, relay=spamassassin, delay=3.8, delays=0.55/0.02/0/3.2, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered via spamassassin service) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 8A9E9DC23F: removed May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 1D4B4DC2AA: from=<[email protected]>, size=2173, nrcpt=1 (queue active) **May 1 18:50:23 foo.netpostfix/pipe[14648]: 1D4B4DC2AA: to=<[email protected]>, relay=maildrop, delay=0.22, delays=0.06/0.01/0/0.15, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown. Command output: Invalid user specified. )** May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/cleanup[14643]: 4C2BFDC240: message-id=<[email protected]> May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 4C2BFDC240: from=<>, size=3822, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/bounce[14651]: 1D4B4DC2AA: sender non-delivery notification: 4C2BFDC240 May 1 18:50:23 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 1D4B4DC2AA: removed May 1 18:50:24 foo.net postfix/smtp[14653]: 4C2BFDC240: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[209.85.211.97]:25, delay=0.91, delays=0.02/0.03/0.12/0.74, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1272739824 37si5422420ywh.59) May 1 18:50:24 foo.net postfix/qmgr[14628]: 4C2BFDC240: removed My config files: http://lar3d.net/main.cf (/etc/postfix) http://lar3d.net/master.c (/etc/postfix) http://lar3d.net/local.cf (/etc/spamassasin) http://lar3d.net/maildroprc (maildroprc) If I change master.cf line (as suggested here) maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} with maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d vmail ${recipient} I get the email in /home/vmail/MailDir instead of the correct dir (/home/vmail/foo.net/info/.SPAM ) After reading a lot I have some guess but not sure. - Maybe I have to install userdb? - Maybe is something related with mysql, but everything is working ok - If I try with procmail I will face same problem... - What are flags DRhu for? Couldnt find doc about them - In some places I found maildrop line with more parameters flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/lib/courier/bin/maildrop -d $ ${recipient} ${extension} ${recipient} ${user} ${nexthop} ${sender} I am really lost. Dont know how to continue. If you have any idea or need another config file please let me know. Thanks!!!

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  • How to redirect http requests to https (nginx)

    - by spuder
    There appear to be many questions and guides out there that instruct how to setup nginx to redirect http requests to https. Many are outdated, or just flat out wrong. # MANAGED BY PUPPET upstream gitlab { server unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket; } # setup server with or without https depending on gitlab::gitlab_ssl variable server { listen *:80; server_name gitlab.localdomain; server_tokens off; root /nowhere; rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri permanent; } server { listen *:443 ssl default_server; server_name gitlab.localdomain; server_tokens off; root /home/git/gitlab/public; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers AES:HIGH:!ADH:!MDF; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # individual nginx logs for this gitlab vhost access_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_error.log; location / { # serve static files from defined root folder;. # @gitlab is a named location for the upstream fallback, see below try_files $uri $uri/index.html $uri.html @gitlab; } # if a file, which is not found in the root folder is requested, # then the proxy pass the request to the upsteam (gitlab puma) location @gitlab { proxy_read_timeout 300; # https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694 proxy_connect_timeout 300; # https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694 proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_pass http://gitlab; } } I've restarted after every configuration change, and yet I still only get the 'Welcome to nginx' page when visiting http://192.168.33.10. whereas https://192.168.33.10 works perfectly. Why will nginx still not redirect http requests to https? I've also tried the following configurations listen *:80; server_name <%= @fqdn %>; #root /nowhere; #rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent; #rewrite ^ https://$server_name$request_uri permanent; #return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri; #return 301 http://$server_name$request_uri; #return 301 http://192.168.33.10$request_uri; return 301 http://$host$request_uri; The logs tailf /var/log/nginx/access.log 192.168.33.1 - - [22/Oct/2013:03:41:39 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.8; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/24.0" 192.168.33.1 - - [22/Oct/2013:03:44:43 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 133 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.8; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/24.0" tailf /var/log/nginx/gitlab_error.lob 2013/10/22 02:29:14 [crit] 27226#0: *1 connect() to unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket failed (2: No such file or directory) while connecting to upstream, client: 192.168.33.1, server: gitlab.localdomain, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket:/", host: "192.168.33.10" Resources http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls How to make nginx redirect How to force or redirect to SSL in nginx? nginx ssl redirect Nginx & Https Redirection https://www.tinywp.in/301-redirect-wordpress/ How to force or redirect to SSL in nginx?

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  • Nginx and multiple wordpress instances with fastcgi under same domain

    - by damnsweet
    My site is running on apache. two instances of wordpress exist under paths /tr/ and /eng/. I want to move the setup to nginx but could not manage to get it working. My setup consists of nging 0.7.66, php 5.3.2, and php-fpm. /tr/ and /eng/ are two separate wordpress instances located under /home/istci/webapps/wordpress_tr and /home/istci/webapps/wordpress respectively. Below is the server section from nginx.conf containing only configuration for tr, yet could not get it working either. server { listen 80; server_name www.example.com; charset utf-8; location ~ ^/$ { rewrite ^(.+)$ http://www.example.com/tr/ permanent; } location ~ /tr/.*php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/home/istci/var/run/wptr.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/istci/webapps/wordpress_tr$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; # required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; } location /tr/ { root /home/istci/webapps/wordpress_tr/; index index.php index.html index.htm; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.+)$ /tr/index.php?q=$1 last; break; } if (-f $request_filename) { expires 30d; break; } } } php-fpm listens on unix:/home/istci/var/run/wptr.sock. running it in debug-mode shows no active handlers, which means no connection is made to unix socket from nginx. nginx access logs: 127.0.0.1 - - [09/Jun/2010:03:45:11 -0500] "GET /tr/ HTTP/1.0" 404 20 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.2.4) Gecko/20100527 Firefox/3.6.4" nginx debug logs : 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6922#0: built by gcc 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48) 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6922#0: OS: Linux 2.6.18-164.9.1.el5PAE 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6922#0: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 4096:4096 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6923#0: start worker processes 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6923#0: start worker process 6924 2010/06/09 03:38:53 [notice] 6923#0: start worker process 6925 2010/06/09 03:39:01 [notice] 6925#0: *1 "^(.+)$" matches "/tr/", client: 127.0.0.1, server: www.example.com, request: "GET /tr/ HTTP/1.0", host: "www.example.com" 2010/06/09 03:39:01 [notice] 6925#0: *1 rewritten data: "/tr/index.php", args: "q=/tr/", client: 127.0.0.1, server: www.example.com, request: "GET /tr/ HTTP/1.0", host: "www.example.com" Any clues about what is wrong with my configuration? Thanks.

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  • Apache sends plain-text response when accessing SSL-enabled site without HTTPS

    - by animuson
    I've never encountered something such as this before. I was attempting to simply redirect the page to the HTTPS version if it determined that HTTPS was off, but instead it's displaying an HTML page rather than actually redirecting; and even odder, it's displaying it as text/plain! The VirtualHost Declaration (Sort of): ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/path/to/files" ServerName example.com SSLEngine On SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssh/certify/example.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssh/certify/example.com.key SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssh/certify/sub.class1.server.ca.pem <Directory "/path/to/files/"> AllowOverride All Options +FollowSymLinks DirectoryIndex index.php Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteRule .* https://example.com:6161 [R=301] The Page Output: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>301 Moved Permanently</title> </head><body> <h1>Moved Permanently</h1> <p>The document has moved <a href="https://example.com:6161">here</a>.</p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.2.21 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.21 OpenSSL/1.0.0e DAV/2 Server at example.com Port 443</address> </body></html> I've tried moving the Rewrite stuff up above the SSL stuff hoping it'd do something and nothing happens. If I view the page with via HTTPS, it displays fine like it should. It's obviously detecting that I'm trying to rewrite the path, but it's not acting. The Apache error log does not indicate anything to me that might have gone wrong. When I remove the RewriteRules: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>400 Bad Request</title> </head><body> <h1>Bad Request</h1> <p>Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand.<br /> Reason: You're speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port.<br /> Instead use the HTTPS scheme to access this URL, please.<br /> <blockquote>Hint: <a href="https://example.com/"><b>https://example.com/</b></a></blockquote></p> <p>Additionally, a 404 Not Found error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.</p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.2.21 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.21 OpenSSL/1.0.0e DAV/2 Server at example.com Port 443</address> </body></html> I get the standard "you can't do this because you're not using SSL" response, which is also provided in text/plain rather than being rendered as HTML. This would make sense, it should only work for HTTPS-enabled connections, but I still want to redirect them to the HTTPS connection when it determines that it is not enabled. Thinking I could circumvent the system: I tried adding a ErrorDocument 400 https://example.com:6161 to the config file instead of using RewriteRules, and that just gave me a new message, still no cheese. <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>302 Found</title> </head><body> <h1>Found</h1> <p>The document has moved <a href="https://example.com:6161">here</a>.</p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.2.21 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.21 OpenSSL/1.0.0e DAV/2 Server at example.com Port 443</address> </body></html> How can I force Apache to actually redirect rather than displaying a "301" page that shows HTML in plain-text format?

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  • Queued Loadtest to remove Concurrency issues using Shared Data Service in OpenScript

    - by stefan.thieme(at)oracle.com
    Queued Processing to remove Concurrency issues in Loadtest ScriptsSome scripts act on information returned by the server, e.g. act on first item in the returned list of pending tasks/actions. This may lead to concurrency issues if the virtual users simulated in a load test scenario are not synchronized in some way.As the load test cases should be carried out in a comparable and straight forward manner simply cancel a transaction in case a collision occurs is clearly not an option. In case you increase the number of virtual users this approach would lead to a high number of requests for the early steps in your transaction (e.g. login, retrieve list of action points, assign an action point to the virtual user) but later steps would be rarely visited successfully or at all, depending on the application logic.A way to tackle this problem is to enqueue the virtual users in a Shared Data Service queue. Only the first virtual user in this queue will be allowed to carry out the critical steps (retrieve list of action points, assign an action point to the virtual user) in your transaction at any one time.Once a virtual user has passed the critical path it will dequeue himself from the head of the queue and continue with his actions. This does theoretically allow virtual users to run in parallel all steps of the transaction which are not part of the critical path.In practice it has been seen this is rarely the case, though it does not allow adding more than N users to perform a transaction without causing delays due to virtual users waiting in the queue. N being the time of the total transaction divided by the sum of the time of all critical steps in this transaction.While this problem can be circumvented by allowing multiple queues to act on individual segments of the list of actions, e.g. per country filter, ends with 0..9 filter, etc.This would require additional handling of these additional queues of slots for the virtual users at the head of the queue in order to maintain the mutually exclusive access to the first element in the list returned by the server at any one time of the load test. Such an improved handling of multiple queues and/or multiple slots is above the subject of this paper.Shared Data Services Pre-RequisitesStart WebLogic Server to host Shared Data ServicesYou will have to make sure that your WebLogic server is installed and started. Shared Data Services may not work if you installed only the minimal installation package for OpenScript. If however you installed the default package including OLT and OTM, you may follow the instructions below to start and verify WebLogic installation.To start the WebLogic Server deployed underneath of Oracle Load Testing and/or Oracle Test Manager you can go to your Start menu, Oracle Application Testing Suite and select the Restart Oracle Application Testing Suite Application Service entry from the Tools submenu.To verify the service has been started you can run the Microsoft Management Console for Services by Selecting Run from the Start Menu and entering services.msc. Look for the entry that reads Oracle Application Testing Suite Application Service, once it has changed it status from Starting to Started you can proceed to verify the login. Please note that this may take several minutes, I would say up to 10 minutes depending on the strength of your CPU horse-power.Verify WebLogic Server user credentialsYou will have to make sure that your WebLogic Server is installed and started. Next open the Oracle WebLogic Server Adminstration Console on http://localhost:8088/console.It may take a while until the application is deployed and started. It may display the following until the Administration Console has been deployed on the fly.Afterwards you can login using the username oats and the password that you selected during install time for your Application Testing Suite administrative purposes.This will bring up the Home page of you WebLogic Server. You have actually verified that you are able to login with these credentials already. However if you want to check the details, navigate to Security Realms, myrealm, Users and Groups tab.Here you could add users to your WebLogic Server which could be used in the later steps. Details on the Groups required for such a custom user to work are exceeding this quick overview and have to be selected with the WebLogic Server Adminstration Guide in mind.Shared Data Services pre-requisites for Load testingOpenScript Preferences have to be set to enable Encryption and provide a default Shared Data Service Connection for Playback.These are pre-requisites you want to use for load testing with Shared Data Services.Please note that the usage of the Connection Parameters (individual directive in the script) for Shared Data Services did not playback reliably in the current version 9.20.0370 of Oracle Load Testing (OLT) and encryption of credentials still seemed to be mandatory as well.General Encryption settingsSelect OpenScript Preferences from the View menu and navigate to the General, Encryption entry in the tree on the left. Select the Encrypt script data option from the list and enter the same password that you used for securing your WebLogic Server Administration Console.Enable global shared data access credentialsSelect OpenScript Preferences from the View menu and navigate to the Playback, Shared Data entry in the tree on the left. Enable the global shared data access credentials and enter the Address, User name and Password determined for your WebLogic Server to host Shared Data Services.Please note, that you may want to replace the localhost in Address with the hosts realname in case you plan to run load tests with Loadtest Agents running on remote systems.Queued Processing of TransactionsEnable Shared Data Services Module in Script PropertiesThe Shared Data Services Module has to be enabled for each Script that wants to employ the Shared Data Service Queue functionality in OpenScript. It can be enabled under the Script menu selecting Script Properties. On the Script Properties Dialog select the Modules section and check Shared Data to enable Shared Data Service Module for your script. Checking the Shared Data Services option will effectively add a line to your script code that adds the sharedData ScriptService to your script class of IteratingVUserScript.@ScriptService oracle.oats.scripting.modules.sharedData.api.SharedDataService sharedData;Record your scriptRecord your script as usual and then add the following things for Queue handling in the Initialize code block, before the first step and after the last step of your critical path and in the Finalize code block.The java code to be added at individual locations is explained in the following sections in full detail.Create a Shared Data Queue in InitializeTo create a Shared Data Queue go to the Java view of your script and enter the following statements to the initialize() code block.info("Create queueA with life time of 120 minutes");sharedData.createQueue("queueA", 120);This will create an instantiation of the Shared Data Queue object named queueA which is maintained for upto 120 minutes.If you want to use the code for multiple scripts, make sure to use a different queue name for each one here and in the subsequent steps. You may even consider to use a dynamic queueName based on filters of your result list being concurrently accessed.Prepare a unique id for each IterationIn order to keep track of individual virtual users in our queue we need to create a unique identifier from the virtual user id and the used username right after retrieving the next record from our databank file.getDatabank("Usernames").getNextDatabankRecord();getVariables().set("usernameValue1","VU_{{@vuid}}_{{@iterationnum}}_{{db.Usernames.Username}}_{{@timestamp}}_{{@random(10000)}}");String usernameValue = getVariables().get("usernameValue1");info("Now running virtual user " + usernameValue);As you can see from the above code block, we have set the OpenScript variable usernameValue1 to VU_{{@vuid}}_{{@iterationnum}}_{{db.Usernames.Username}}_{{@timestamp}}_{{@random(10000)}} which is a concatenation of the virtual user id and the iterationnumber for general uniqueness; as well as the username from our databank, the timestamp and a random number for making it further unique and ease spotting of errors.Not all of these fields are actually required to make it really unique, but adding the queue name may also be considered to help troubleshoot multiple queues.The value is then retrieved with the getVariables.get() method call and assigned to the usernameValue String used throughout the script.Please note that moving the getDatabank("Usernames").getNextDatabankRecord(); call to the initialize block was later considered to remove concurrency of multiple virtual users running with the same userid and therefor accessing the same "My Inbox" in step 6. This will effectively give each virtual user a userid from the databank file. Make sure you have enough userids to remove this second hurdle.Enqueue and attend Queue before Critical PathTo maintain the right order of virtual users being allowed into the critical path of the transaction the following pseudo step has to be added in front of the first critical step. In the case of this example this is right in front of the step where we retrieve the list of actions from which we select the first to be assigned to us.beginStep("[0] Waiting in the Queue", 0);{info("Enqueued virtual user " + usernameValue + " at the end of queueA");sharedData.offerLast("queueA", usernameValue);info("Wait until the user is the first in queueA");String queueValue1 = null;do {// we wait for at least 0.7 seconds before we check the head of the// queue. This is the time it takes one user to move through the// critical path, i.e. pass steps [5] Enter country and [6] Assign// to meThread.sleep(700);queueValue1 = (String) sharedData.peekFirst("queueA");info("The first user in queueA is currently: '" + queueValue1 + "' " + queueValue1.getClass() + " length " + queueValue1.length() );info("The current user is '"+ usernameValue + "' " + usernameValue.getClass() + " length " + usernameValue.length() + ": indexOf " + usernameValue.indexOf(queueValue1) + " equals " + usernameValue.equals(queueValue1) );} while ( queueValue1.indexOf(usernameValue) < 0 );info("Now the user is the first in queueA");}endStep();This will enqueue the username to the tail of our Queue. It will will wait for at least 700 milliseconds, the time it takes for one user to exit the critical path and then compare the head of our queue with it's username. This last step will be repeated while the two are not equal (indexOf less than zero). If they are equal the indexOf will yield a value of zero or larger and we will perform the critical steps.Dequeue after Critical PathAfter the virtual user has left the critical path and complete its last step the following code block needs to dequeue the virtual user. In the case of our example this is right after the action has been actually assigned to the virtual user. This will allow the next virtual user to retrieve the list of actions still available and in turn let him make his selection/assignment.info("Get and remove the current user from the head of queueA");String pollValue1 = (String) sharedData.pollFirst("queueA");The current user is removed from the head of the queue. The next one will now be able to match his username against the head of the queue.Clear and Destroy Queue for FinishWhen the script has completed, it should clear and destroy the queue. This code block can be put in the finish block of your script and/or in a separate script in order to clear and remove the queue in case you have spotted an error or want to reset the queue for some reason.info("Clear queueA");sharedData.clearQueue("queueA");info("Destroy queueA");sharedData.destroyQueue("queueA");The users waiting in queueA are cleared and the queue is destroyed. If you have scripts still executing they will be caught in a loop.I found it better to maintain a separate Reset Queue script which contained only the following code in the initialize() block. I use to call this script to make sure the queue is cleared in between multiple Loadtest runs. This script could also even be added as the first in a larger scenario, which would execute it only once at very start of the Loadtest and make sure the queues do not contain any stale entries.info("Create queueA with life time of 120 minutes");sharedData.createQueue("queueA", 120);info("Clear queueA");sharedData.clearQueue("queueA");This will create a Shared Data Queue instance of queueA and clear all entries from this queue.Monitoring QueueWhile creating the scripts it was useful to monitor the contents, i.e. the current first user in the Queue. The following code block will make sure the Shared Data Queue is accessible in the initialize() block.info("Create queueA with life time of 120 minutes");sharedData.createQueue("queueA", 120);In the run() block the following code will continuously monitor the first element of the Queue and write an informational message with the current username Value to the Result window.info("Monitor the first users in queueA");String queueValue1 = null;do {queueValue1 = (String) sharedData.peekFirst("queueA");if (queueValue1 != null)info("The first user in queueA is currently: '" + queueValue1 + "' " + queueValue1.getClass() + " length " + queueValue1.length() );} while ( true );This script can be run from OpenScript parallel to a loadtest performed by the Oracle Load Test.However it is not recommend to run this in a production loadtest as the performance impact is unknown. Accessing the Queue's head with the peekFirst() method has been reported with about 2 seconds response time by both OpenScript and OTL. It is advised to log a Service Request to see if this could be lowered in future releases of Application Testing Suite, as the pollFirst() and even offerLast() writing to the tail of the Queue usually returned after an average 0.1 seconds.Debugging QueueWhile debugging the scripts the following was useful to remove single entries from its head, i.e. the current first user in the Queue. The following code block will make sure the Shared Data Queue is accessible in the initialize() block.info("Create queueA with life time of 120 minutes");sharedData.createQueue("queueA", 120);In the run() block the following code will remove the first element of the Queue and write an informational message with the current username Value to the Result window.info("Get and remove the current user from the head of queueA");String pollValue1 = (String) sharedData.pollFirst("queueA");info("The first user in queueA was currently: '" + pollValue1 + "' " + pollValue1.getClass() + " length " + pollValue1.length() );ReferencesOracle Functional Testing OpenScript User's Guide Version 9.20 [E15488-05]Chapter 17 Using the Shared Data Modulehttp://download.oracle.com/otn/nt/apptesting/oats-docs-9.21.0030.zipOracle Fusion Middleware Oracle WebLogic Server Administration Console Online Help 11g Release 1 (10.3.4) [E13952-04]Administration Console Online Help - Manage users and groupshttp://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17904_01/apirefs.1111/e13952/taskhelp/security/ManageUsersAndGroups.htm

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  • Issuing Current Time Increments in StreamInsight (A Practical Example)

    The issuing of a Current Time Increment, Cti, in StreamInsight is very definitely one of the most important concepts to learn if you want your Streams to be responsive. A full discussion of how to issue Ctis is beyond the scope of this article but a very good explanation in addition to Books Online can be found in these three articles by a member of the StreamInsight team at Microsoft, Ciprian Gerea. Time in StreamInsight Series http://blogs.msdn.com/b/streaminsight/archive/2010/07/23/time-in-streaminsight-i.aspx http://blogs.msdn.com/b/streaminsight/archive/2010/07/30/time-in-streaminsight-ii.aspx http://blogs.msdn.com/b/streaminsight/archive/2010/08/03/time-in-streaminsight-iii.aspx A lot of the problems I see with unresponsive or stuck streams on the MSDN Forums are to do with how Ctis are enqueued or in a lot of cases not enqueued. If you enqueue events and never enqueue a Cti then StreamInsight will be perfectly happy. You, on the other hand, will never see data on the output as you have not told StreamInsight to flush the stream. This article deals with a specific implementation problem I had recently whilst working on a StreamInsight project. I look at some possible options and discuss why they would not work before showing the way I solved the problem. The stream of data I was dealing with on this project was very bursty that is to say when events were flowing they came through very quickly and in large numbers (1000 events/sec), but when the stream calmed down it could be a few seconds between each event. When enqueuing events into the StreamInsight engne it is best practice to do so with a StartTime that is given to you by the system producing the event . StreamInsight processes events and it doesn't matter whether those events are being pushed into the engine by a source system or the events are being read from something like a flat file in a directory somewhere. You can apply the same logic and temporal algebra to both situations. Reading from a file is an excellent example of where the time of the event on the source itself is very important. We could be reading that file a long time after it was written. Being able to read the StartTime from the events allows us to define windows that will hold the correct sets of events. I was able to do this with my stream but this is where my problems started. Below is a very simple script to create a SQL Server table and populate it with sample data that will show exactly the problem I had. CREATE TABLE [dbo].[t] ( [c1] [int] PRIMARY KEY, [c2] [datetime] NULL ) INSERT t VALUES (1,'20100810'),(2,'20100810'),(3,'20100810') Column c2 defines the StartTime of the event on the source and as you can see the values in all 3 rows of data is the same. If we read Ciprian’s articles we know that we can define how Ctis get injected into the stream in 3 different places The Stream Definition The Input Factory The Input Adapter I personally have always been a fan of enqueing Ctis through the factory. Below is code typical of what I would use to do this On the class itself I do some inheriting public class SimpleInputFactory : ITypedInputAdapterFactory<SimpleInputConfig>, ITypedDeclareAdvanceTimeProperties<SimpleInputConfig> And then I implement the following function public AdapterAdvanceTimeSettings DeclareAdvanceTimeProperties<TPayload>(SimpleInputConfig configInfo, EventShape eventShape) { return new AdapterAdvanceTimeSettings( new AdvanceTimeGenerationSettings(configInfo.CtiFrequency, TimeSpan.FromTicks(-1)), AdvanceTimePolicy.Adjust); } The configInfo .CtiFrequency property is a value I pass through to define after how many events I want a Cti to be injected and this in turn will flush through the stream of data. I usually pass a value of 1 for this setting. The second parameter determines the CTI timestamp in terms of a delay relative to the events. -1 ticks in the past results in 1 tick in the future, i.e., ahead of the event. The problem with this method though is that if consecutive events have the same StartTime then only one of those events will be enqueued. In this example I use the following to define how I assign the StartTime of my events currEvent.StartTime = (DateTimeOffset)dt.c2; If I go ahead and run my StreamInsight process with this configuration i can see on the output adapter that two events have been removed To see this in a little more depth I can use the StreamInsight Debugger and see what happens internally. What is happening here is that the first event arrives and a Cti is injected with a time of 1 tick after the StartTime of that event (Also the EndTime of the event). The second event arrives and it has a StartTime of before the Cti and even though we specified AdvanceTimePolicy.Adjust on the factory we know that a point event can never be adjusted like this and the event is dropped. The same happens for the third event as well (The second and third events get trumped by the Cti). For a more detailed discussion of why this happens look here http://www.sqlis.com/sqlis/post/AdvanceTimePolicy-and-Point-Event-Streams-In-StreamInsight.aspx We end up with a single event being pushed into the output adapter and our result now makes sense. The next way I tried to solve this problem by changing the value of the second parameter to TimeSpan.Zero Here is how my factory code now looks public AdapterAdvanceTimeSettings DeclareAdvanceTimeProperties<TPayload>(SimpleInputConfig configInfo, EventShape eventShape) { return new AdapterAdvanceTimeSettings( new AdvanceTimeGenerationSettings(configInfo.CtiFrequency, TimeSpan.Zero), AdvanceTimePolicy.Adjust); } What I am doing here is declaring a policy that says inject a Cti together with every event and stamp it with a StartTime that is equal to the start time of the event itself (TimeSpan.Zero). This method has plus points as well as a downside. The upside is that no events will be lost by having the same StartTime as previous events. The Downside is that because the Cti is declared with the StartTime of the event itself then it does not actually flush that particular event because in the StreamInsight algebra, a Cti commits only those events that occurred strictly before them. To flush the events we need a Cti to be enqueued with a greater StartTime than the events themselves. Here is what happened when I ran this configuration As you can see all we got through was the Cti and none of the events. The debugger output shows the stamps on the Cti and the events themselves. Because the Cti issued has the same timestamp (StartTime) as the events then none of the events get flushed. I was nearly there but not quite. Because my stream was bursty it was possible that the next event would not come along for a few seconds and this was far too long for an event to be enqueued and not be flushed to the output adapter. I needed another solution. Two possible solutions crossed my mind although only one of them made sense when I explored it some more. Where multiple events have the same StartTime I could add 1 tick to the first event, two to the second, three to third etc thereby giving them unique StartTime values. Add a timer to manually inject Ctis The problem with the first implementation is that I would be giving the events a new StartTime. This would cause me the following problems If I want to define windows over the stream then some events may not be captured in the right windows and therefore any calculations on those windows I did would be wrong What would happen if we had 10,000 events with the same StartTime? I would enqueue them with StartTime + n ticks. Along comes a genuine event with a StartTime of the very first event + 1 tick. It is now too far in the past as far as my stream is concerned and it would be dropped. Not what I would want to do at all. I decided then to look at the Timer based solution I created a timer on my input adapter that elapsed every 200ms. private Timer tmr; public SimpleInputAdapter(SimpleInputConfig configInfo) { ctx = new SimpleTimeExtractDataContext(configInfo.ConnectionString); this.configInfo = configInfo; tmr = new Timer(200); tmr.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(t_Elapsed); tmr.Enabled = true; } void t_Elapsed(object sender, ElapsedEventArgs e) { ts = DateTime.Now - dtCtiIssued; if (ts.TotalMilliseconds >= 200 && TimerIssuedCti == false) { EnqueueCtiEvent(System.DateTime.Now.AddTicks(-100)); TimerIssuedCti = true; } }   In the t_Elapsed event handler I find out the difference in time between now and when the last event was processed (dtCtiIssued). I then check to see if that is greater than or equal to 200ms and if the last issuing of a Cti was done by the timer or by a genuine event (TimerIssuedCti). If I didn’t do this check then I would enqueue a Cti every time the timer elapsed which is not something I wanted. If the difference between the two times is greater than or equal to 500ms and the last event enqueued was by a real event then I issue a Cti through the timer to flush the event Queue, otherwise I do nothing. When I enqueue the Ctis into my stream in my ProduceEvents method I also set the values of dtCtiIssued and TimerIssuedCti   currEvent = CreateInsertEvent(); currEvent.StartTime = (DateTimeOffset)dt.c2; TimerIssuedCti = false; dtCtiIssued = currEvent.StartTime; If I go ahead and run this configuration I see the following in my output. As we can see the first Cti gets enqueued as before but then another is enqueued by the timer and because this has a later timestamp it flushes the enqueued events through the engine. Conclusion Hopefully this has shown how the enqueuing of Ctis can have a dramatic effect on the responsiveness of your output in StreamInsight. Understanding the temporal nature of the product is for me one of the most important things you can learn. I have attached my solution for the demos. It is all in one project and testing each variation is a simple matter of commenting and un-commenting the parts in the code we have been dealing with here.

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  • Faster, Simpler access to Azure Tables with Enzo Azure API

    - by Herve Roggero
    After developing the latest version of Enzo Cloud Backup I took the time to create an API that would simplify access to Azure Tables (the Enzo Azure API). At first, my goal was to make the code simpler compared to the Microsoft Azure SDK. But as it turns out it is also a little faster; and when using the specialized methods (the fetch strategies) it is much faster out of the box than the Microsoft SDK, unless you start creating complex parallel and resilient routines yourself. Last but not least, I decided to add a few extension methods that I think you will find attractive, such as the ability to transform a list of entities into a DataTable. So let’s review each area in more details. Simpler Code My first objective was to make the API much easier to use than the Azure SDK. I wanted to reduce the amount of code necessary to fetch entities, remove the code needed to add automatic retries and handle transient conditions, and give additional control, such as a way to cancel operations, obtain basic statistics on the calls, and control the maximum number of REST calls the API generates in an attempt to avoid throttling conditions in the first place (something you cannot do with the Azure SDK at this time). Strongly Typed Before diving into the code, the following examples rely on a strongly typed class called MyData. The way MyData is defined for the Azure SDK is similar to the Enzo Azure API, with the exception that they inherit from different classes. With the Azure SDK, classes that represent entities must inherit from TableServiceEntity, while classes with the Enzo Azure API must inherit from BaseAzureTable or implement a specific interface. // With the SDK public class MyData1 : TableServiceEntity {     public string Message { get; set; }     public string Level { get; set; }     public string Severity { get; set; } } //  With the Enzo Azure API public class MyData2 : BaseAzureTable {     public string Message { get; set; }     public string Level { get; set; }     public string Severity { get; set; } } Simpler Code Now that the classes representing an Azure Table entity are defined, let’s review the methods that the Azure SDK would look like when fetching all the entities from an Azure Table (note the use of a few variables: the _tableName variable stores the name of the Azure Table, and the ConnectionString property returns the connection string for the Storage Account containing the table): // With the Azure SDK public List<MyData1> FetchAllEntities() {      CloudStorageAccount storageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(ConnectionString);      CloudTableClient tableClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudTableClient();      TableServiceContext serviceContext = tableClient.GetDataServiceContext();      CloudTableQuery<MyData1> partitionQuery =         (from e in serviceContext.CreateQuery<MyData1>(_tableName)         select new MyData1()         {            PartitionKey = e.PartitionKey,            RowKey = e.RowKey,            Timestamp = e.Timestamp,            Message = e.Message,            Level = e.Level,            Severity = e.Severity            }).AsTableServiceQuery<MyData1>();        return partitionQuery.ToList();  } This code gives you automatic retries because the AsTableServiceQuery does that for you. Also, note that this method is strongly-typed because it is using LINQ. Although this doesn’t look like too much code at first glance, you are actually mapping the strongly-typed object manually. So for larger entities, with dozens of properties, your code will grow. And from a maintenance standpoint, when a new property is added, you may need to change the mapping code. You will also note that the mapping being performed is optional; it is desired when you want to retrieve specific properties of the entities (not all) to reduce the network traffic. If you do not specify the properties you want, all the properties will be returned; in this example we are returning the Message, Level and Severity properties (in addition to the required PartitionKey, RowKey and Timestamp). The Enzo Azure API does the mapping automatically and also handles automatic reties when fetching entities. The equivalent code to fetch all the entities (with the same three properties) from the same Azure Table looks like this: // With the Enzo Azure API public List<MyData2> FetchAllEntities() {        AzureTable at = new AzureTable(_accountName, _accountKey, _ssl, _tableName);        List<MyData2> res = at.Fetch<MyData2>("", "Message,Level,Severity");        return res; } As you can see, the Enzo Azure API returns the entities already strongly typed, so there is no need to map the output. Also, the Enzo Azure API makes it easy to specify the list of properties to return, and to specify a filter as well (no filter was provided in this example; the filter is passed as the first parameter).  Fetch Strategies Both approaches discussed above fetch the data sequentially. In addition to the linear/sequential fetch methods, the Enzo Azure API provides specific fetch strategies. Fetch strategies are designed to prepare a set of REST calls, executed in parallel, in a way that performs faster that if you were to fetch the data sequentially. For example, if the PartitionKey is a GUID string, you could prepare multiple calls, providing appropriate filters ([‘a’, ‘b’[, [‘b’, ‘c’[, [‘c’, ‘d[, …), and send those calls in parallel. As you can imagine, the code necessary to create these requests would be fairly large. With the Enzo Azure API, two strategies are provided out of the box: the GUID and List strategies. If you are interested in how these strategies work, see the Enzo Azure API Online Help. Here is an example code that performs parallel requests using the GUID strategy (which executes more than 2 t o3 times faster than the sequential methods discussed previously): public List<MyData2> FetchAllEntitiesGUID() {     AzureTable at = new AzureTable(_accountName, _accountKey, _ssl, _tableName);     List<MyData2> res = at.FetchWithGuid<MyData2>("", "Message,Level,Severity");     return res; } Faster Results With Sequential Fetch Methods Developing a faster API wasn’t a primary objective; but it appears that the performance tests performed with the Enzo Azure API deliver the data a little faster out of the box (5%-10% on average, and sometimes to up 50% faster) with the sequential fetch methods. Although the amount of data is the same regardless of the approach (and the REST calls are almost exactly identical), the object mapping approach is different. So it is likely that the slight performance increase is due to a lighter API. Using LINQ offers many advantages and tremendous flexibility; nevertheless when fetching data it seems that the Enzo Azure API delivers faster.  For example, the same code previously discussed delivered the following results when fetching 3,000 entities (about 1KB each). The average elapsed time shows that the Azure SDK returned the 3000 entities in about 5.9 seconds on average, while the Enzo Azure API took 4.2 seconds on average (39% improvement). With Fetch Strategies When using the fetch strategies we are no longer comparing apples to apples; the Azure SDK is not designed to implement fetch strategies out of the box, so you would need to code the strategies yourself. Nevertheless I wanted to provide out of the box capabilities, and as a result you see a test that returned about 10,000 entities (1KB each entity), and an average execution time over 5 runs. The Azure SDK implemented a sequential fetch while the Enzo Azure API implemented the List fetch strategy. The fetch strategy was 2.3 times faster. Note that the following test hit a limit on my network bandwidth quickly (3.56Mbps), so the results of the fetch strategy is significantly below what it could be with a higher bandwidth. Additional Methods The API wouldn’t be complete without support for a few important methods other than the fetch methods discussed previously. The Enzo Azure API offers these additional capabilities: - Support for batch updates, deletes and inserts - Conversion of entities to DataRow, and List<> to a DataTable - Extension methods for Delete, Merge, Update, Insert - Support for asynchronous calls and cancellation - Support for fetch statistics (total bytes, total REST calls, retries…) For more information, visit http://www.bluesyntax.net or go directly to the Enzo Azure API page (http://www.bluesyntax.net/EnzoAzureAPI.aspx). About Herve Roggero Herve Roggero, Windows Azure MVP, is the founder of Blue Syntax Consulting, a company specialized in cloud computing products and services. Herve's experience includes software development, architecture, database administration and senior management with both global corporations and startup companies. Herve holds multiple certifications, including an MCDBA, MCSE, MCSD. He also holds a Master's degree in Business Administration from Indiana University. Herve is the co-author of "PRO SQL Azure" from Apress and runs the Azure Florida Association (on LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=4177626). For more information on Blue Syntax Consulting, visit www.bluesyntax.net.

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  • Architecture for Qt SIGNAL with subclass-specific, templated argument type

    - by Barry Wark
    I am developing a scientific data acquisition application using Qt. Since I'm not a deep expert in Qt, I'd like some architecture advise from the community on the following problem: The application supports several hardware acquisition interfaces but I would like to provide an common API on top of those interfaces. Each interface has a sample data type and a units for its data. So I'm representing a vector of samples from each device as a std::vector of Boost.Units quantities (i.e. std::vector<boost::units::quantity<unit,sample_type> >). I'd like to use a multi-cast style architecture, where each data source broadcasts newly received data to 1 or more interested parties. Qt's Signal/Slot mechanism is an obvious fit for this style. So, I'd like each data source to emit a signal like typedef std::vector<boost::units::quantity<unit,sample_type> > SampleVector signals: void samplesAcquired(SampleVector sampleVector); for the unit and sample_type appropriate for that device. Since tempalted QObject subclasses aren't supported by the meta-object compiler, there doesn't seem to be a way to have a (tempalted) base class for all data sources which defines the samplesAcquired Signal. In other words, the following won't work: template<T,U> //sample type and units class DataSource : public QObject { Q_OBJECT ... public: typedef std::vector<boost::units::quantity<U,T> > SampleVector signals: void samplesAcquired(SampleVector sampleVector); }; The best option I've been able to come up with is a two-layered approach: template<T,U> //sample type and units class IAcquiredSamples { public: typedef std::vector<boost::units::quantity<U,T> > SampleVector virtual shared_ptr<SampleVector> acquiredData(TimeStamp ts, unsigned long nsamples); }; class DataSource : public QObject { ... signals: void samplesAcquired(TimeStamp ts, unsigned long nsamples); }; The samplesAcquired signal now gives a timestamp and number of samples for the acquisition and clients must use the IAcquiredSamples API to retrieve those samples. Obviously data sources must subclass both DataSource and IAcquiredSamples. The disadvantage of this approach appears to be a loss of simplicity in the API... it would be much nicer if clients could get the acquired samples in the Slot connected. Being able to use Qt's queued connections would also make threading issues easier instead of having to manage them in the acquiredData method within each subclass. One other possibility, is to use a QVariant argument. This necessarily puts the onus on subclass to register their particular sample vector type with Q_REGISTER_METATYPE/qRegisterMetaType. Not really a big deal. Clients of the base class however, will have no way of knowing what type the QVariant value type is, unless a tag struct is also passed with the signal. I consider this solution at least as convoluted as the one above, as it forces clients of the abstract base class API to deal with some of the gnarlier aspects of type system. So, is there a way to achieve the templated signal parameter? Is there a better architecture than the one I've proposed?

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  • How to reduce virtual memory by optimising my PHP code?

    - by iCeR
    My current code (see below) uses 147MB of virtual memory! My provider has allocated 100MB by default and the process is killed once run, causing an internal error. The code is utilising curl multi and must be able to loop with more than 150 iterations whilst still minimizing the virtual memory. The code below is only set at 150 iterations and still causes the internal server error. At 90 iterations the issue does not occur. How can I adjust my code to lower the resource use / virtual memory? Thanks! <?php function udate($format, $utimestamp = null) { if ($utimestamp === null) $utimestamp = microtime(true); $timestamp = floor($utimestamp); $milliseconds = round(($utimestamp - $timestamp) * 1000); return date(preg_replace('`(?<!\\\\)u`', $milliseconds, $format), $timestamp); } $url = 'https://www.testdomain.com/'; $curl_arr = array(); $master = curl_multi_init(); for($i=0; $i<150; $i++) { $curl_arr[$i] = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); curl_multi_add_handle($master, $curl_arr[$i]); } do { curl_multi_exec($master,$running); } while($running > 0); for($i=0; $i<150; $i++) { $results = curl_multi_getcontent ($curl_arr[$i]); $results = explode("<br>", $results); echo $results[0]; echo "<br>"; echo $results[1]; echo "<br>"; echo udate('H:i:s:u'); echo "<br><br>"; usleep(100000); } ?> Processor Information Total processors: 8 Processor #1 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #2 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #3 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #4 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #5 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #6 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #7 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #8 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Memory Information Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range Memory: 8302344k/9175040k available (2176k kernel code, 80272k reserved, 901k data, 228k init, 7466304k highmem) System Information Linux server3.server.com 2.6.18-194.17.1.el5PAE #1 SMP Wed Sep 29 13:31:51 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux Physical Disks SCSI device sda: 1952448512 512-byte hdwr sectors (999654 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 08 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 1952448512 512-byte hdwr sectors (999654 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 08 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sd 0:1:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdb sd 0:1:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0 sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0 Current Memory Usage total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8306672 7847384 459288 0 487912 6444548 -/+ buffers/cache: 914924 7391748 Swap: 4095992 496 4095496 Total: 12402664 7847880 4554784 Current Disk Usage Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 898G 307G 546G 36% / /dev/sda1 99M 19M 76M 20% /boot none 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm /var/tmpMnt 4.0G 1.8G 2.0G 48% /tmp

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  • Example WLST Script to Obtain JDBC and JTA MBean Values

    - by Daniel Mortimer
    Introduction Following on from the blog entry "Get an Offline or Online WebLogic Domain Summary Using WLST!", I have had a request to create a smaller example which only collects a selection of JDBC (System Resource) and JTA configuration and runtime MBeans values. So, here it is. Download Sample Script You can grab the sample script by clicking here. Instructions to Run: 1. After download, extract the zip to the machine hosting the WebLogic environment. You should have three directories along with a readme.txt output Sample_Output scripts 2. In the scripts directory, find the start wrapper script startWLSTJDBCSummarizer.sh (Unix) or startWLSTJDBCSummarizer.cmd (MS Windows). Open the appropriate file in an editor and change the environment variable settings to suit your system. Example - startWLSTDomainSummarizer.cmd set WL_HOME=D:\product\FMW11g\wlserver_10.3 set DOMAIN_HOME=D:\product\FMW11g\user_projects\domains\MyDomain set WLST_OUTPUT_PATH=D:\WLSTDomainSummarizer\output\ set WLST_OUTPUT_FILE=WLST_JDBC_Summary_Via_MBeans.html call "%WL_HOME%\common\bin\wlst.cmd" WLS_JDBC_Summary_Online.py Note: The WLST_OUTPUT_PATH directory value must have a trailing slash. If there is no trailing slash, the script will error and not continue.  3. Run the shell / command line wrapper script. It should launch WLST and kick off "WLS_JDBC_Summary_Online.py". This will hit you with some prompts e.g. Is your domain Admin Server up and running and do you have the connection details? (Y /N ): Y Enter connection URL to Admin Server e.g t3://mymachine.acme.com:7001 : t3://localhost:7001 Enter weblogic username: weblogic Enter weblogic username password (function prompt 1): welcome1 (Note: the value typed in for password will not be echoed back to the console). 4. If the scripts run successfully, you should get a HTML summary in the specified output directory. See example screenshots below: Screenshot 1 - JDBC System Resource Tab Page  Screenshot 2 - JTA Tab Page 5. For the HTML to render correctly, ensure the .js and .css files provided (review the output directory created by the zip file extraction) are accessible. For example, to view the HTML locally (without using a web server), place the HTML output, jquery-ui.js, spry.js and wlstsummarizer.css in the same directory. Disclaimer This is a sample script. I have tested it against WebLogic Server 10.3.6 domains on MS Windows and Unix.  I cannot guarantee that the script will run error free or produce the expected output on your system. If you have any feedback add a comment to the blog. I will endeavour to fix any problems with my WLST code. Credits JQuery: http://jquery.com/ Spry (Adobe) : https://github.com/adobe/Spryhttp://www.red-team-design.com/cool-headings-with-pseudo-elements

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  • How to Run Apache Commands From Oracle HTTP Server 11g Home

    - by Daniel Mortimer
    Every now and then you come across a problem when there is nothing in the "troubleshooting manual" which can help you. Instead you need to think outside the box. This happened to me two or three years back. Oracle HTTP Server (OHS) 11g did not start. The error reported back by OPMN was generic and gave no clue, and worse the HTTP Server error log was empty, and remained so even after I had increased the OPMN and HTTP Server log levels. After checking configuration files, operating system resources, etc I was still no nearer the solution. And then the light bulb moment! OHS is based on Apache - what happens if I attempt to start HTTP Server using the native apache command. Trouble was the OHS 11g solution has its binaries and configuration files in separate "home" directories ORACLE_HOME contains the binaries ORACLE_INSTANCE contains the configuration files How to set the environment so that native apache commands run without error? Eventually, with help from a colleague, the knowledge articleHow to Start Oracle HTTP Server 11g Without Using opmnctl [ID 946532.1]was born! To be honest, I cannot remember the exact cause and solution to that OHS problem two or three years ago. But, I do remember that an attempt to start HTTP Server using the native apache command threw back an error to the console which led me to discover the culprit was some unusual filesystem fault.The other day, I was asked to review and publish a new knowledge article which described how to use the apache command to dump a list of static and shared loaded modules. This got me thinking that it was time [ID 946532.1] was given an update. The resultHow To Run Native Apache Commands in an Oracle HTTP Server 11g Environment [ID 946532.1] Highlights: Title change Improved environment setting scripts Interactive, should be no need to manually edit the scripts (although readers are welcome to do so) Automatically dump out some diagnostic information Inclusion of some links to other troubleshooting collateral To view the knowledge article you need a My Oracle Support login. For convenience, you can obtain the scripts via the links below.MS Windows:Wrapper cmd script - calls main cmd script [After download, remove the ".txt" file extension]Main cmd script - sets OHS 11g environment to run Apache commands [After download, remove the ".txt" file extension]Unix:Shell script - sets OHS 11g environment to run Apache commands on Unix Please note: I cannot guarantee that the scripts held in the blog repository will be maintained. Any enhancements or faults will applied to the scripts attached to the knowledge article. Lastly, to find out more about native apache commands, refer to the Apache Documentation apachectl - Apache HTTP Server Control Interface[http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/programs/apachectl.html]httpd - Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol Server[http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/programs/httpd.html]

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  • Gnome Do not Launching

    - by PyRulez
    When I try running gnome do, I get this. chris@Chris-Ubuntu-Laptop:~$ gnome-do pgrep: invalid user name: -u and it is not writable Trying sudo: chris@Chris-Ubuntu-Laptop:~$ sudo gnome-do [NetworkService] Could not initialize Network Manager dbus: Unable to open the session message bus. [Error 17:54:30.122] [SystemService] Could not initialize dbus: Unable to open the session message bus. (Do:2401): Wnck-CRITICAL **: wnck_set_client_type got called multiple times. (Do:2401): libdo-WARNING **: Binding '<Super>space' failed! [Error 17:54:30.649] [AbstractKeyBindingService] Key "" is already mapped. Tomboy.NotesItemSource "Tomboy Notes" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.TypeInitializationException: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for Tomboy.TomboyDBus ---> System.Exception: Unable to open the session message bus. ---> System.ArgumentNullException: Argument cannot be null. Parameter name: address at NDesk.DBus.Bus.Open (System.String address) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at NDesk.DBus.Bus.get_Session () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at NDesk.DBus.Bus.get_Session () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Tomboy.TomboyDBus..cctor () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at Tomboy.NotesItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . Firefox.PlacesItemSource "Firefox Places" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.InvalidCastException: Cannot cast from source type to destination type. at Mono.Data.Sqlite.SqliteDataReader.VerifyType (Int32 i, DbType typ) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Mono.Data.Sqlite.SqliteDataReader.GetString (Int32 i) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Firefox.PlacesItemSource+<LoadPlaceItems>c__Iterator3.MoveNext () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Firefox.PlaceItem].AddEnumerable (IEnumerable`1 enumerable) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Firefox.PlaceItem]..ctor (IEnumerable`1 collection) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray[PlaceItem] (IEnumerable`1 source) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Firefox.PlacesItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource "GNOME Special Locations" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not find file "/root/.gtk-bookmarks". File name: '/root/.gtk-bookmarks' at System.IO.FileStream..ctor (System.String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, Boolean anonymous, FileOptions options) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.FileStream..ctor (System.String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) System.IO.FileStream:.ctor (string,System.IO.FileMode,System.IO.FileAccess,System.IO.FileShare) at System.IO.File.OpenRead (System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.StreamReader..ctor (System.String path, System.Text.Encoding encoding, Boolean detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks, Int32 bufferSize) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.StreamReader..ctor (System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) System.IO.StreamReader:.ctor (string) at Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource+<ReadBookmarkItems>c__Iterator3.MoveNext () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . ^[^\Full thread dump: "<unnamed thread>" tid=0x0xb7570700 this=0x0x56f18 thread handle 0x403 state : not waiting owns () at (wrapper managed-to-native) Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall.read (int,intptr,ulong) <0xffffffff> at Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall.read (int,void*,ulong) <0x00023> at Mono.Unix.UnixStream.Read (byte[],int,int) <0x0008b> at NDesk.DBus.Connection.ReadMessage () <0x0003c> at NDesk.DBus.Connection.Iterate () <0x0001b> at NDesk.DBus.BusG/<Init>c__AnonStorey0.<>m__0 (intptr,NDesk.GLib.IOCondition,intptr) <0x00033> at (wrapper native-to-managed) NDesk.DBus.BusG/<Init>c__AnonStorey0.<>m__0 (intptr,NDesk.GLib.IOCondition,intptr) <0xffffffff> at (wrapper managed-to-native) Gtk.Clipboard.gtk_clipboard_wait_is_text_available (intptr) <0xffffffff> at Gtk.Clipboard.WaitIsTextAvailable () <0x00017> at Do.Universe.SelectedTextItem.UpdateSelection (object,System.EventArgs) <0x00027> at Do.Platform.AbstractApplicationService.OnSummoned () <0x00025> at Do.Platform.ApplicationService.<ApplicationService>m__31 (object,System.EventArgs) <0x00013> at Do.Core.Controller.OnSummoned () <0x00025> at Do.Core.Controller.Summon () <0x00027> at Do.Do.Main (string[]) <0x001eb> at (wrapper runtime-invoke) <Module>.runtime_invoke_void_object (object,intptr,intptr,intptr) <0xffffffff> "<unnamed thread>" tid=0x0xb2c81b40 this=0x0x194150 thread handle 0x412 state : interrupted state owns () at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.IO.InotifyWatcher.ReadFromFD (intptr,byte[],intptr) <0xffffffff> at System.IO.InotifyWatcher.Monitor () <0x0005f> at System.Threading.Thread.StartInternal () <0x00057> at (wrapper runtime-invoke) object.runtime_invoke_void__this__ (object,intptr,intptr,intptr) <0xffffffff> "Universe Update Dispatcher" tid=0x0xb29ffb40 this=0x0x569d8 thread handle 0x41b state : interrupted state owns () at (wrapper managed-to-native) System.Threading.WaitHandle.WaitOne_internal (System.Threading.WaitHandle,intptr,int,bool) <0xffffffff> at System.Threading.WaitHandle.WaitOne (System.TimeSpan,bool) <0x00133> at System.Threading.WaitHandle.WaitOne (System.TimeSpan) <0x00022> at Do.Core.UniverseManager.UniverseUpdateLoop () <0x0007a> at System.Threading.Thread.StartInternal () <0x00057> at (wrapper runtime-invoke) object.runtime_invoke_void__this__ (object,intptr,intptr,intptr) <0xffffffff> Tomboy.NotesItemSource "Tomboy Notes" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.TypeInitializationException: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for Tomboy.TomboyDBus ---> System.Exception: Unable to open the session message bus. ---> System.ArgumentNullException: Argument cannot be null. Parameter name: address at NDesk.DBus.Bus.Open (System.String address) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at NDesk.DBus.Bus.get_Session () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at NDesk.DBus.Bus.get_Session () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Tomboy.TomboyDBus..cctor () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at Tomboy.NotesItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . Firefox.PlacesItemSource "Firefox Places" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.InvalidCastException: Cannot cast from source type to destination type. at Mono.Data.Sqlite.SqliteDataReader.VerifyType (Int32 i, DbType typ) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Mono.Data.Sqlite.SqliteDataReader.GetString (Int32 i) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Firefox.PlacesItemSource+<LoadPlaceItems>c__Iterator3.MoveNext () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Firefox.PlaceItem].AddEnumerable (IEnumerable`1 enumerable) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Firefox.PlaceItem]..ctor (IEnumerable`1 collection) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToArray[PlaceItem] (IEnumerable`1 source) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Firefox.PlacesItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource "GNOME Special Locations" encountered an error in UpdateItems: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not find file "/root/.gtk-bookmarks". File name: '/root/.gtk-bookmarks' at System.IO.FileStream..ctor (System.String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, Boolean anonymous, FileOptions options) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.FileStream..ctor (System.String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) System.IO.FileStream:.ctor (string,System.IO.FileMode,System.IO.FileAccess,System.IO.FileShare) at System.IO.File.OpenRead (System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.StreamReader..ctor (System.String path, System.Text.Encoding encoding, Boolean detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks, Int32 bufferSize) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.IO.StreamReader..ctor (System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) System.IO.StreamReader:.ctor (string) at Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource+<ReadBookmarkItems>c__Iterator3.MoveNext () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Linux.GNOMESpecialLocationsItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at Do.Universe.Safe.SafeItemSource.UpdateItems () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 . It stops when I try my key combination, ctrl-alt-. It does not pop up though.

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  • chrome os in triple boot with ubuntu (elemntary os)(ubuntu gnome) and windows 8.1

    - by Aniel Arias
    hi im wondering how to put/ install chrome os n hard drive with dual boot with Ubuntu and windows 8.1 please i need help with this. i had follow some guides from here https://sites.google.com/site/installationubuntu/chrome-os/make-your-own-chromium-os-notebook and http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/29283/install-chromium-os-without-usb-disk please contact me at Facebook aniel arias or my email [email protected] thank you

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