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• HyperV - low CPU usage

  - by Klark

  I am very new to HyperV and virtual machine philosophy in general, so please expect more or less nooby questions :) I have a server that is only used as a host for virtual machines. OS is windows server 2008 R2 and it is running on 16 CPU and 48 GBs of RAM. On aforementioned server there are 8 VMs, each having 4 CPUs and 4 GBs of RAM. On those VMs we are running some CPU intensive tasks. Each machine has nearly 100% cpu usage. After I noticed slow performance I went to the host machine and started playing with process explorer. It turned out that cpu usage is very low. Also I/O is very low, and of course, memory consumption is high, which is expected. Of course, I don't expect that those 4 virtual cores dedicated to a VM work as fast as real, hardware 4 cores, but still I expected a higher consumption of real hardware. Is this sort of behaviour normal? I see that the most of CPU usage on host machine are marked as interrupts (which I guess is normal) and all those interrupts are passed to only one core (which is strange). Are there out of box optimization that I could perform to finally use all that processing power that is under the hood. My knowledge of virtualization technology is near to embarrassing, so I would be grateful for any links that could enlightened me :) Thanks.

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• htaccess hacked - i've deleted code and file - what next?

  - by user1762595

  My website was hacked recently. I think i've found the code that was added to the htaccess file, deleted it and then added script to prevent the htaccess file being accessed again. I've also deleted the php file that the hacked code refers to (common.php). What do i need to do next? I'm not a programmer or website developer but i really wanted to see if i could fix the problem myself as i've spent quite a few hours trying and don't give up easily. Here is the hacked code that i deleted; <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (google|yahoo) [OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} (google|yahoo) RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /$ [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} (shtml|html|htm|php|xml|phtml|asp|aspx)$ [NC] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !common.php RewriteCond /home/httpd/vhosts/bluestardive.com/httpdocs/common.php -f RewriteRule ^.*$ /common.php [L] </IfModule> this code has to stay in the htaccess file as it redirects my url to seo friendly ones or the website errors, but has this code been hacked as well? # Apache search queries statistic module RewriteEngine On AddHandler php5-fastcgi .php .php5 # <contrexx> # <core_modules__alias> RewriteRule ^about-us$ /index.php?page=883 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^ausfluge-und-aktivitaten$ /index.php?page=800 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^bluestardive-news$ /index.php?page=919 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^bookings$ /index.php?page=911 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^diveresort$ /index.php?page=879 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^diving$ /index.php?page=880 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^excursions-and-activities$ /index.php?page=881 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^galerie$ /index.php?section=gallery [L,NC] RewriteRule ^oceannight$ http://www.bluestardive.com/index.php?page=906 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^philosophy$ /index.php?page=846 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^reservation$ /index.php?page=917 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^reservierung$ /index.php?page=918 [L,NC] RewriteRule ^resort$ /index.php?page=798 [L,NC] # </core_modules__alias> # </contrexx> many thanks for any help Claire

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• Nagios: turn off service checks/display on down hosts

  - by Alien Life Form

  I want to to tweak nagios in such a way that all checking stops (with services not displayed, or displayed as unknown) for any down node. Said differently I only want to see one alert for a down host instead of 1 (down) + n (1 for every service). Note that I am interested in service display/status, not only in turning off notifications. Rationale: we use the nagios firefox/chrome plugin to monitor status and nagios' behavior is too noisy giving readings like these (because every node has 20 services): 3 down, 1 unreachable, 4 warnings, 87 critical This means that the 7 critical services on up node (the problem is on the service) are swamped in a slab of red services which are critical only because they sit on a node that's down/unreachable. What I'd rather like to see is: 3 down, 1 unreachable, 80 unknown, 4 warnings, 7 critical Or even 3 down, 1 unreachable, 4 warnings, 7 critical I have looked in service dependencies but I did not fine a way to describe: "make all services on a alive-host dependen on the status of the host check". I found the problem discussed here, where one of the participants thought it was a nagios bug, and here where one of the participants thought it was "as designed". As things are, I am just interested in the effect, much less in the design philosophy. Note that this nagios is checking hundreds of nodes, so the maintainablilty of the solution is also important. TIA and cheers.

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• Outlook 2011 Contact Import from CSV with Notes containing new lines / cr / lf

  - by Paul Hargreaves

  I'm trying to import several thousand contacts into Outlook 2011 for Mac. Everything is working well except the Notes field as I cannot figure out how to get new lines / carriage returns into it. There is no documentation for the exact format that Outlook supports. After searching the web and experimenting I have tried: Creating a single contact in Outlook with Notes containing several lines of text. I then export the contact to a csv, deleting the contact in Outlook, then re-import. All lines in Notes merge together :-/ Following tips I found such as containing new lines around quotes. e.g. http://creativyst.com/Doc/Articles/CSV/CSV01.htm (search for line-break) Switching the CSV format from DOS to Unix, experimenting using manually injected ctrl-characters such as ^M etc. I would include an example export/import but unfortunately the the new breaks included do not work well in a SU code block.

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• ESXi hard drive power saving

  - by Jens

  I currently have a Windows Server running beneath my desk and was considering replacing it with a ESXi layer to run both a Windows and Unix virtual machine. The ESXi is going to give me some nice advantages that I can use but I am still stuck on this issue: The server is mainly used as a fileserver/local webserver, and I use Windows tasks to hibernate/wake the machine at night. Also there is an aggressive disk spin down timeout to reduce noise. With ESXi, this will not be possible to do any more. I could live with the server running 24/7, but I would really like to spin down the disks when not in use. Is there a way to do this on ESXi?

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• monit configuration for php-fpm

  - by Adam Jimenez

  I'm struggling to find a monit config for php-fpm that works. This is what I've tried: ### Monitoring php-fpm: the parent process. check process php-fpm with pidfile /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.pid group phpcgi # phpcgi group start program = "/etc/init.d/php-fpm start" stop program = "/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop" ## Test the UNIX socket. Restart if down. if failed unixsocket /var/run/php-fpm.sock then restart ## If the restarts attempts fail then alert. if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout depends on php-fpm_bin depends on php-fpm_init ## Test the php-fpm binary. check file php-fpm_bin with path /usr/sbin/php-fpm group phpcgi if failed checksum then unmonitor if failed permission 755 then unmonitor if failed uid root then unmonitor if failed gid root then unmonitor ## Test the init scripts. check file php-fpm_init with path /etc/init.d/php-fpm group phpcgi if failed checksum then unmonitor if failed permission 755 then unmonitor if failed uid root then unmonitor if failed gid root then unmonitor But it fails because there is no php-fpm.sock (Centos 6)

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• How to disable SSLCompression on Apache httpd 2.2.15?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I read about the CRIME attack against TLS Compression (CRIME is a successor to the BEAST attack against ssl & tls), and I want to protect my webservers against this attack by disabling SSL Compression, which was added to Apache 2.2.22 (See Bug 53219). I am running Scientific Linux 6.1, which ships with httpd-2.2.15. Security fixes for upstream versions of httpd 2.2 should be backported to this version. # rpm -q httpd httpd-2.2.15-15.sl6.1.x86_64 # httpd -V Server version: Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) Server built: Feb 14 2012 09:47:14 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:24 Server loaded: APR 1.3.9, APR-Util 1.3.9 Compiled using: APR 1.3.9, APR-Util 1.3.9 I tried SSLCompression off in my configuration, but that results in the following error message: # /etc/init.d/httpd restart Stopping httpd: [ OK ] Starting httpd: Syntax error on line 147 of /etc/httpd/httpd.conf: Invalid command 'SSLCompression', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration [FAILED] Is it possible to disable SSLCompression with this version of Apache Webserver?

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• Remotely sync Time Machine drives

  - by Off Rhoden

  I have an Xserve that runs Time Machine to a local terabyte drive. I also connected my external terabyte drive for a time period and had Time Machine use it to establish the seed data. I plan to take my drive back home with me (out of state) and have the Xserve return to using its local drive for Time Machine. But when I get back home, is there a way to keep my external drive's copy of the Time Machine Backups folder in sync with the Backups folder back on the Xserve? I'm wanting a full copy of the history (makes an awesome remote backup). I've thought of using the unix command rsync. In fact, that's how I had been doing it but I was looking the compactness that Time Machine was able to achieve. Thanks.

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• SmartOS Virtualization with one public IP address

  - by matejkramny

  Is it possible? (title of this question) Googling Virtualization with one public IP address yields nothing useful What I have: SmartOS on a dedicated server. Dedicated server has one public IP address. What I want to do: Host multiple guest OS from that server Problem: Access to the guest through the (server that virtualizes the guest)'s IP address. Is this possible at all? Sorry, newbie to all this Research http://www.machine-unix.com/beginning-with-smartos/#comment-7256 Does not solve my problem - the guide sets up an internal IP http://blog.bgentil.fr/smartos-use-global-zone-as-gateway-for-guests.html Ideas Perhaps it is possible to do host-based translation like with nginx proxy?

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• Active Directory, Linux, and User Private Groups

  - by larsks

  We're in the process of moving from NIS on our Linux systems to binding everything to Active Directory. The NIS environment follows the common standard used by many Linux distributions that a user's primary group is a group of the same name as the user (and of which the user is typically the only member). I have been informed that in the Active Directory environment, you may not have a group name with the same name as a user (specifically, that no two AD security objects may have the same name). This would seem to complicate the process of moving our group definitions into AD. It looks like we could maintain the NIS group information in AD using only POSIX attributes (e.g., not an actual AD security object), but that seems like a suboptimal fix (because we do really want to have the same view of group membership in both the Unix and AD worlds). Have you moved a large legacy NIS environment into Active Directory? How did you handle this situation?

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• Adding Facebook IPv6 to Centos, getting CurlException 7

  - by Nick

  I'm correctly get following error. After searching about this issue, correct me if i'm wrong, I believe that adding/configuring IPv6 should solve the problem. PHP Fatal error: Uncaught CurlException: 7: Failed to connect to 2a03:2880:10:8f02:face:b00c:0:26: Network is unreachable\n thrown in /var/www/vhosts/facedex.net/httpdocs/fb/apps/seemyfuture/src/base_facebook.php on line 886 The problem is I dont know the right way to add it. There seems to have may methods. http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Linux+IPv6-HOWTO/x1035.html#AEN1044 http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/34093/static-ipv4-ipv6-configuration-on-centos-6-2 My netstat show this. Shell doesnt recogize -rn6 though.It shows invalid option -- 6 netstat -rn Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 27.254.38.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.128 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 27.254.38.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 FYI: I'm using Centos 5.7. Thank you a lot in advance.

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• Configuring RealVNC to accept copy/paste on a remote server

  - by AP257

  Hi So, I'm using RealVNC Viewer locally (Mac OSX 10.6) and connecting to a VNC Server on a remote machine (Debian - I'm no Unix expert). I want to be able to copy and paste at the command line, but Ctrl+V, Shift+V and Command+V all do nothing on the remote command line. First question: should I be trying a different combination of keys? Secondly, if it's not that I'm using the wrong combination of keys, how can I configure VNC Server to accept copy and paste? I have 'Share clipboard with VNC Server' checked locally, so I figure it must be a problem on the remote machine. I only have command-line access on the remote machine (though I am root) so I need to configure the option somehow via the command line.

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• Enable basic auth sitewide and disabling it for subpages?

  - by piquadrat

  I have a relatively straight forward config: upstream appserver-1 { server unix:/var/www/example.com/app/tmp/gunicorn.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location / { proxy_pass http://appserver-1; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; auth_basic "Restricted"; auth_basic_user_file /path/to/htpasswd; } location /api/ { auth_basic off; } } The goal is to use basic auth on the whole website, except on the /api/ subtree. While it does work with respect to basic auth, other directives like proxy_pass are not in effect on /api/ as well. Is it possible to just disable basic auth while retaining the other directives without copy&pasting everything?

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• Nginx location regex is not matching

  - by shtuff.it

  The following has been working to cache css and js for me: location ~ "^(.*)\.(min.)?(css|js)$" { expires max; } results: $ curl -I http://mysite.com/test.css HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 18:55:28 GMT Content-Type: text/css Content-Length: 19578 Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 18:54:53 GMT Connection: keep-alive Expires: Thu, 31 Dec 2037 23:55:55 GMT Cache-Control: max-age=315360000 X-Backend: stage01 Accept-Ranges: bytes I am trying to get versioning setup for my js / css using a 10 digit unix timestamp and am having issues getting a regex match with the following valid a regex. location ~ "^(.*)([\d]{10})\.(min\.)?(css|js)$" { expires max; } results: $ curl -I http://mysite.com/test_1234567890.css HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2014 19:05:03 GMT Content-Type: text/css Content-Length: 19578 Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jan 2014 18:54:53 GMT Connection: keep-alive X-Backend: stage01 Accept-Ranges: bytes

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• Using watch to run a shell script - but the script goes defunct

  - by PHP-Steven

  So I want to keep an eye on my network connectivity so I can make a report for my ISP. (seems like the modem goes out for about 30-60 seconds about once a day) So I copied this handy little script http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/simple-linux-and-unix-system-monitoring-with-ping-command-and-scripts.html And an running it with watch -n 15 ./ping-test.sh I have been testing it by pulling the plug on my modem. The first time watch runs the script after the network goes out it runs fine (sends some email) and then goes defunct. Once networking is restored the script "finishes" and then watch runs it again. So I'm getting mail for when the network goes down, but not how long it was down for. If I run the script straight from the command line it runs (emails) and then exits. Any ideas why? How can I get the script to keep running once the network is down?

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• How do I create /Groups/ folder in Mac OS X

  - by fettereddingoskidney

  I am familiar with adding Groups with the GUI in MAC OS X, but I am trying to do it via SSH to a computer I remotely manage as a production server. I want to create / modify some of my users for a particular directory by creating a new group. In Another helpful serverfault post, I see that I need to add the users to the group name at /Groups/foo, however my system's Groups folder does not exist... Does Mac OS X create the Groups directory only when you actually create the group – if there do not already exist any groups on the Machine? Is this something that I can do simply using: mkdir "Groups" Or maybe I'm wrong altogether. Any pointers for how to go about this with Unix? – I should note also that this group will be used to manage the access to a directory on my server via an .htaccess file. Thanks!

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• Windows XP/7: custom routing for VPN connection

  - by Peter Becker

  We are dealing with a badly configured VPN connection from a vendor, which set up the default gateway but doesn't route traffic anywhere beyond their VPN zone. I managed to do some ad-hoc routing to configure a computer in a way that it can reach the vendor's VPN, our local network as well as the internet. I then tried to turn this into a script, but that failed since the interface number of the VPN changes on every connection. Is there a way in Windows XP and/or Windows 7 to configure custom routing on the client side of a VPN connection? What I would like to do is to have a script running just after the connection comes up that changes the routing table (similar to an ifup script on UNIX).

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• MacPorts, how to run "post-destroot" script

  - by Potatoswatter

  I'm trying to install MacPorts gdb; it seems to be poorly supported… Running "port install" installs it to /opt/local/libexec/gnubin/gdb, but the intent doesn't seem to be to add that to $PATH. The portfile doesn't define any parameters for port select which is typically used to set a MacPorts installation to handle default Unix commands. But it does include these lines: foreach binary [glob -tails -directory ${destroot}${prefix}/bin g*] { ln -s ${prefix}/bin/${binary} ${destroot}${prefix}/libexec/gnubin/[string range $binary 1 end] } This is buried under an action labeled post-destroot. destroot is a MacPorts command but post-destroot is not. The script is apparently not run by port install or port activate, or if it's failing it's doing so silently. Is there a better approach than creating the links manually?

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• Copying files SSH vs sFTP

  - by jackquack

  I'm a bit of a unix noob, but this question seems super basic, yet I can't find an answer anywhere. Basically, to my knowledge, sFTP is just FTP over ssh. So, why can't I drag and drop files from one folder to another on the server side like I can on ssh. Why when I want to unzip a .tar in a server folder, does it first want to copy it to my machine and then back? Why can't it just unzip like it can when I'm using the command line. I know that when I use the command line it is using the resources of the remote machine, but why can't sFTP do that too? Is there a way to execute commands which I would normally do over SSH, but in a gui? I'm tried mapping to the drive to my own machine, I've tried so many sFTP clients that it's silly. Is there another class of program that I just don't know of?

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• signed software :: installer -- system software and package installer tool (Apple *.pkg)

  - by fyodor78

  Does anybody know a few details about signed software and /Applications/Utilities/Installer.app? I didn't find more at Wikipedia (https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Installer_%28Mac_OS_X%29) and the UNIX-Manual (man 8 installer). I have here a valid signature from iLife 11 Installer.app (http://i.imgur.com/Y3raY.jpg). Does this mean I can be 100% sure that nothing is modified? It means I can trust this PKG because signed by Apple? Or did I get something wrong?

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• Postfix - How to alias some [email protected] to another user, but only for certain values of "host.com"

  - by Rory McCann

  I have a Postfix email setup. It's handle a few domains (i.e. I have them in my mynetworks in my main.cf). I have a normal unix account and use that to log in, and get my mail. My personal email account is of the form [email protected]. I have a new domain new.com, and I want to forward [email protected] to [email protected], however I don't want to forward [email protected]. Someone has suggested just forwarding all 'info' to 'user', and then using procmail on my user@ account to remove the [email protected] The server is Ubuntu.

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• Different color prompts for different machines when using terminal/ssh?

  - by bcrawl

  I have 5 machines I constantly ssh into to do work. Its getting increasingly frustrating when I am issuing wrong commands on wrong boxes. Luckily I havent done anything bad yet. I wanted to know if there is any hack which I can hardcode which will display my prompt in different colors based on the machine I am ssh into? Such as blue for desktop1, purple for laptop, red for server etc? Is this possible? Currently I am using this command export PS1="\e[0;31m[\u@\h \W]\$ \e[m " taken from here http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-shell-change-the-color-of-my-shell-prompt-under-linux-or-unix/ but it obviously doesnt work across ssh. Also, if you have any other cool bash tips for helping me ease my sight will be wonderful. I got this tip which colors the man pages. http://linuxtidbits.wordpress.com/2009/03/23/less-colors-for-man-pages/

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• pure-ftpd debian, can't get www-data user working

  - by lynks

  I'm trying to add FTP access to the apache web files, in the past I have done this with an ftpuser and group arrangement. This time I would like to make it possible to login directly as www-data (the default apache user on debian) to make things a bit cleaner. I have checked and re-checked all the common issues; MinUID is set to 1 (www-data has uid 33) www-data has shell set to /bin/bash in /etc/passwd PAMAuthentication is off UnixAuthentication is on I have restarted pure-ftpd using /etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart My resulting pure-ftpd run is; /usr/sbin/pure-ftpd -l unix -A -Y 1 -u 1 -E -O clf:/var/log/pure-ftpd/transfer.log -8 UTF-8 -B My syslog contains; Oct 7 19:46:40 Debian-60-squeeze-64 pure-ftpd: ([email protected]) [WARNING] Can't login as [www-data]: account disabled And my ftp client is giving me; 530 Sorry, but I can't trust you Am I missing something obvious?

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• Nginx & Passenger - failed (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) while connecting to upstream

  - by Toby Hede

  I have an Nginx and Passenger setup that is proving problematic. At relatively low loads the server seems to get backed up and start churning results like this into the error.log: connect() to unix:/passenger_helper_server failed (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) while connecting to upstream My passenger setup is: passenger_min_instances 2; passenger_pool_idle_time 1200; passenger_max_pool_size 20; I have done some digging, and it looks like the CPU gets pegged. Memory usage seems fine passenger_memory_stats shows at most about 700MB being used, but CPU approaches 100%. is this enough to cause this type of error? Should i bring the pool size down? Are there other configuration settings I should be looking at? Any help appreciated Other pertinent information: Amazon EC2 Small Instance Ubuntu 10.10 Nginx (latest stable) Passenger (latest stable) Rails 3.0.4

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• PPTPD with PAM authentication?

  - by Richard

  I need a VPN solution for my company. One requirement is to be able to use the built-in windows VPN client. We are running a Debian Etch server. I've managed to set up PPTPD but the authentication is based on the chap-secrets file. We already have all the user accounts set up on the server, so it'd be nice to use PAM authentication to get user/pass directly from the unix login. Is this possible to achieve and how? If not, is there any other VPN solution that can do this? Don't tell me OpenVPN, it needs additional software to be installed on the Windows machines. :)

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