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  • django + south + python: strange behavior when using a text string received as a parameter in a func

    - by carlosescri
    Hello, this is my first question. I'm trying to execute a SQL query in django (south migration): from django.db import connection # ... class Migration(SchemaMigration): # ... def transform_id_to_pk(self, table): try: db.delete_primary_key(table) except: pass finally: cursor = connection.cursor() # This does not work cursor.execute('SELECT MAX("id") FROM "%s"', [table]) # I don't know if this works. try: minvalue = cursor.fetchone()[0] except: minvalue = 1 seq_name = table + '_id_seq' db.execute('CREATE SEQUENCE "%s" START WITH %s OWNED BY "%s"."id"', [seq_name, minvalue, table]) db.execute('ALTER TABLE "%s" ALTER COLUMN id SET DEFAULT nextval("%s")', [table, seq_name + '::regclass']) db.create_primary_key(table, ['id']) # ... I use this function like this: self.transform_id_to_pk('my_table_name') So it should: Find the biggest existent ID or 0 (it crashes) Create a sequence name Create the sequence Update the ID field to use sequence Update the ID as PK But it crashes and the error says: File "../apps/accounting/migrations/0003_setup_tables.py", line 45, in forwards self.delegation_table_setup(orm) File "../apps/accounting/migrations/0003_setup_tables.py", line 478, in delegation_table_setup self.transform_id_to_pk('accounting_delegation') File "../apps/accounting/migrations/0003_setup_tables.py", line 20, in transform_id_to_pk cursor.execute(u'SELECT MAX("id") FROM "%s"', [table.encode('utf-8')]) File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 19, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) psycopg2.ProgrammingError: relation "E'accounting_delegation'" does not exist LINE 1: SELECT MAX("id") FROM "E'accounting_delegation'" ^ I have shortened the file paths for convenience. What does that "E'accounting_delegation'" mean? How could I get rid of it? Thank you! Carlos.

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  • How can I change the Python that my Django project is using?

    - by Burak
    I have 2 versions installed in my server. I used virtualenv to install Python 2.7. I am using WSGI to deploy my project. WSGIPythonPath /home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/html/my_project/wsgi.py My http.conf is like that. python -V gives Python 2.7.3 But in my projects Debug window, it says Django is using 2.6.8. Where am I wrong? UPDATE: Here is my wsgi file import os import sys sys.path.append('/var/www/html') os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myproject.settings") from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application application = get_wsgi_application() Python Version: 2.6.8 Python Path: ['/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Django-1.4-py2.7.egg', '/home/ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip-1.1-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django_transmeta-0.6.7-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ipython-0.13-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/virtualenv-1.7.2-py2.6.egg', '/usr/lib64/python26.zip', '/usr/lib64/python2.6', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg-info', '/var/www/html'] In my error_log of httpd: [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python version mismatch, expected '2.6.7', found '2.6.8'. [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python executable found '/usr/bin/python'. [Tue Jul 10 20:51:29 2012] [error] python_init: Python path being used '/usr/lib64/python26.zip:/usr/lib64/python2.6/:/usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old:/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload'.

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  • Is it possible, in a django template, to check if an object is contained in a list

    - by AlexH
    I'm very new to django, about a week into it. I'm making a site where users enter stuff, then other users can vote on whether they like the stuff or not. I know it's not so novel, but it's a good project to learn a bunch of tools. I have a many-to-many table for storing who likes or dislikes what. Before I render the page, I pull out all the likes and dislikes for the current user, along with the stuff I'm going to show on the page. When I render the page, I go through the list of stuff I'm going to show and print them out one at a time. I want to show the user which stuff they liked, and which they didn't. So in my django template, I have an object called entry. I also have two lists of objects called likes and dislikes. Is there any way to determine if entry is a member of either list, inside my django template. I think what I'm looking for is a filter where I can say something like {% if entry|in:likes %} or {% if likes|contains:entry %} I know I could add a method to my model and check for each entry individually, but that seems like it would be database intensive. Is there a better way to think about this problem?

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  • Where can I find out the following info on python (coming from Ruby)

    - by Michael Durrant
    I'm coming from Ruby and Ruby on Rails to Python. Where can I find or find resources about: The command prompt, what is python's version of 'irb' django, what is a good resource for installing, using, etc. pythoncasts... is there anything like railscats, i.e. good video tutorials web sites with the api info about what version have what and which to use. info and recommendations on editors, plugins and IDE's common gotchas for newbies and good things to know at the outset scaling issues, common reasons what is the equivalent of 'gems', i.e. components I can plug in what are popular plugins for django authentication and forms similar to devise and simple_form testing, what's available, anything similar to rspec? database adapters - any preferences? framework info - is django MVC like rails? OO'yness. Is everything an object that gets send messages? Different paradign? syntax - anything like jslint for checking for well-formed code?

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  • Getting a double slash when redirecting for a canonical hostname on Firefox only

    - by Brian Neal
    I have a Django powered website, and I'm trying to solve the "canonical hostname" problem. I want www.example.com to redirect to example.com. I have tried both techniques found in the Apache documentation here (scroll down to Canonical hostnames). I'm currently trying the mod_rewrite method, and I have this in a virtual host container: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301,NE] This works for me, except for one case. In Firefox only, if I type www.example.com in a browser, it redirects and I see this in the URL bar: example.com// (note the 2 trailing slashes). However, something like this will work correctly: www.example.com/news/ gets redirected to example.com/news/. I only see this on the root URL in Firefox. It seems to work fine on Windows under Chrome, IE9, and Opera (maybe those browsers eat the double slash?). My Mac using friend says it is fine in Safari, but he also sees the problem in Firefox. As far as Django settings go, I am using the default value of APPEND_SLASH=True. I don't know if Django has anything to do with it, but I've tried mod_rewrite rules like the above on static HTML sites before and it always seems to work.

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  • Building a template engine - starting point

    - by Anirudh
    We're building a Django-based project with a template component. This component will be separate from the project as such and can be Django/Python, Node, Java or whatever works. The template has to be rendered into HTML. The templates will contain references to objects with properties that are defined in the DB, say, a Bus. For eg, it could be something like [object type="vehicle" weight="heavy"] and it would have to pull a random object from the DB fulfilling the criteria : type="vehicle" weight="heavy" (bus/truck/jet) and then substitute that tag with an image, say, of a Bus. Also it would have to be able to handle some processing. Eg: What is [X type="integer" lte="10"] + [Y type="integer" lte="10"] [option X+Y correct_ans="true"] [option X-Y correct_ans="false"] [option X+y+1 correct_ans="false"] The engine would be expected to fill in a random integer value <= 10 for X and Y and show radioboxes for each of the options. Would also have to store the fact that the first option is the correct answer. Does it to make sense to write something from the scratch? Or is it better to use an existing templating system (like Django's own templating system) as a starting point? Any suggestions on how I can approach this?

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  • Hosting and scaling of a facebook application on cloud?

    - by DhruvPathak
    We would be building a facebook application in django(Python), but still not sure of where to host it economically,and with a good provision to scale in case the app gets viral. Some details about the app: i) Would be HTML based like a website,using django as a framework. ii) 100K is the number of expected pageviews in a day,if the app is viral. iii) The users will not generate any media content,only some database data will be generated by them. It would be great if someone with more experience can guide on following points: A) Hosting on google app engine or Amazon EC2 or some other cloud like RackSpace : Preferable points found in AppEngine were ease of deployment,cost effectiveness and easy scaling. For EC2: Full hold of the virtual machine,Amazon NoSQL and RDMBS database services in case we decide to use them. B) Does backend technology affect monthly cost ? eg. would CPU and memory usage difference of Django over , for example , PHP framework like CodeIgnitor really make remarkable difference in running costs. ( Here is the article that triggered this thought process : http://journal.dedasys.com/2010/01/12/rough-estimates-of-the-dollar-cost-of-scaling-web-platforms-part-i#comments) C) Does something like Heroku , which provides additional services over Amazon EC2, prove to be better than raw cloud management ? It is not that we are trying for premature scaling, we just want to have a good start so that we are ready to handle unpredicted growth and scale.

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  • Hosting and scaling a Facebook application in the cloud? [migrated]

    - by DhruvPathak
    We would be building a Facebook application in Django (Python), but still not sure of where to host it economically, and with a good provision to scale in case the app gets viral. Some details about the app: Would be HTML based like a website,using django as a framework. 100K is the number of expected pageviews in a day, if the app is viral. The users will not generate any media content, only some database data will be generated by them. It would be great if someone with more experience can guide on following points: A) Hosting on Google app engine or Amazon EC2 or some other cloud like RackSpace : Preferable points found in AppEngine were ease of deployment, cost effectiveness and easy scaling. For EC2: Full hold of the virtual machine,Amazon NoSQL and RDMBS database services in case we decide to use them. B) Does backend technology affect monthly cost? eg. would CPU and memory usage difference of Django over , for example , PHP framework like CodeIgnitor really make remarkable difference in running costs. (Here is the article that triggered this thought process : http://journal.dedasys.com/2010/01/12/rough-estimates-of-the-dollar-cost-of-scaling-web-platforms-part-i#comments) C) Does something like Heroku , which provides additional services over Amazon EC2, prove to be better than raw cloud management? It is not that we are trying for premature scaling, we just want to have a good start so that we are ready to handle unpredicted growth and scale.

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  • Hosting and scaling a Facebook application in the cloud? [closed]

    - by DhruvPathak
    Possible Duplicate: How to find web hosting that meets my requirements? We would be building a Facebook application in Django (Python), but still not sure of where to host it economically, and with a good provision to scale in case the app gets viral. Some details about the app: Would be HTML based like a website,using django as a framework. 100K is the number of expected pageviews in a day, if the app is viral. The users will not generate any media content, only some database data will be generated by them. It would be great if someone with more experience can guide on following points: A) Hosting on Google app engine or Amazon EC2 or some other cloud like RackSpace : Preferable points found in AppEngine were ease of deployment, cost effectiveness and easy scaling. For EC2: Full hold of the virtual machine,Amazon NoSQL and RDMBS database services in case we decide to use them. B) Does backend technology affect monthly cost? eg. would CPU and memory usage difference of Django over , for example , PHP framework like CodeIgnitor really make remarkable difference in running costs. (Here is the article that triggered this thought process : http://journal.dedasys.com/2010/01/12/rough-estimates-of-the-dollar-cost-of-scaling-web-platforms-part-i#comments) C) Does something like Heroku , which provides additional services over Amazon EC2, prove to be better than raw cloud management? It is not that we are trying for premature scaling, we just want to have a good start so that we are ready to handle unpredicted growth and scale.

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  • inheritance in document database?

    - by nils petersohn
    i am wondering because i searched the pdf "xxx the definitive guide" and "beginning xxx" for the word "inheritance" but i didn't find anything? am i missing something? because i am doing a tablePerHierarchy inheritance with hibernate and mysql, does that become deprecated for some reason in xxx? (replace xxx with the "not only sql" database you like)

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  • Naming methods that do the same thing but return different types

    - by Konstantin Ð.
    Let's assume that I'm extending a graphical file chooser class (JFileChooser). This class has methods which display the file chooser dialog and return a status signature in the form of an int: APPROVE_OPTION if the user selects a file and hits Open /Save, CANCEL_OPTION if the user hits Cancel, and ERROR_OPTION if something goes wrong. These methods are called showDialog(). I find this cumbersome, so I decide to make another method that returns a File object: in the case of APPROVE_OPTION, it returns the file selected by the user; otherwise, it returns null. This is where I run into a problem: would it be okay for me to keep the showDialog() name, even though methods with that name — and a different return type — already exist? To top it off, my method takes an additional parameter: a File which denotes in which directory the file chooser should start. My question to you: Is it okay to call a method the same name as a superclass method if they return different types? Or would that be confusing to API users? (If so, what other name could I use?) Alternatively, should I keep the name and change the return type so it matches that of the other methods? public int showDialog(Component parent, String approveButtonText) // Superclass method public File showDialog(Component parent, File location) // My method

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  • Matching the superclass's constructor's parameter list, is treating a null default value as a non-null value within a constructor a violation of LSP?

    - by Panzercrisis
    I kind of ran into this when messing around with FlashPunk, and I'm going to use it as an example. Essentially the main sprite class is pretty much class Entity. Entity's constructor has four parameters, each with a default value. One of them is graphic, whose default value is null. Entity is designed to be inherited from, with many such subclasses providing their own graphic within their own internal workings. Normally these subclasses would not have graphic in their constructor's parameter lists, but would simply pick something internally and go with it. However I was looking into possibly still adhering to the Liskov Substitution Principal. Which led me to the following example: package com.blank.graphics { import net.flashpunk.*; import net.flashpunk.graphics.Image; public class SpaceGraphic extends Entity { [Embed(source = "../../../../../../assets/spaces/blank.png")] private const BLANK_SPACE:Class; public function SpaceGraphic(x:Number = 0, y:Number = 0, graphic:Graphic = null, mask:Mask = null) { super(x, y, graphic, mask); if (!graphic) { this.graphic = new Image(BLANK_SPACE); } } } } Alright, so now there's a parameter list in the constructor that perfectly matches the one in the super class's constructor. But if the default value for graphic is used, it'll exhibit two different behaviors, depending on whether you're using the subclass or the superclass. In the superclass, there won't be a graphic, but in the subclass, it'll choose the default graphic. Is this a violation of the Liskov Substitution Principal? Does the fact that subclasses are almost intended to use different parameter lists have any bearing on this? Would minimizing the parameter list violate it in a case like this? Thanks.

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  • Why does Java allow to implement different interfaces, each containing a method with the same signature?

    - by Software Engeneering Learner
    I've recently found that I can have two interfaces containing method with the same signature as a method in the other interface. And then I can have an interface or class that implements both of that interfaces. So the descendant class/interface has implicitly implements two different methods as a one method. Why is this allowed in Java? I can see a numerous problems that arises from that. Even eclipse only can find out about implementations for only one interface method, but for the second one it doesn't show any implementations at all. Also I believe there would be problems with automatic refactoring, like when you would like to change the signature of the method in one of the interfaces and IDE won't be able to correctly change that signature in all implementations, as they implement two different interfaces and how will IDE know what interface method it implementation descends. Why don't just make a compiler error like 'interfaces method names clashes' or something like that?

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  • Very simple OOP question

    - by Mosty Mostacho
    I was creating and discussing a class diagram with a partner of mine. To simplify things, I've modify the real domain we're working on and made up the following diagram: Basically, a company works on constructions that are quite different one from each other but are still constructions. Note I've added one field for each class but there should be many more. Now, I thought this was the way to go but my partner told me that if in the future new construction classes appear we would have to modify the Company class, which is correct. So the new proposed class diagram would be this: Now I've been wondering: Should the fact that in no place of the application will there be mixed lists of planes and bridges affect the design in any way? When we have to list only planes for a company, how are we supposed to distinguish them from the other elements in the list without checking for their class names? Related to the previous question, is it correct to assume that this type of diagram should be high-level and this is something it shouldn't matter at this stage but rather be thought and decided at implementation time? Any comment will be appreciated.

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  • Class hierarchy problem in this social network model

    - by Gerenuk
    I'm trying to design a class system for a social network data model - basically a link/object system. Now I have roughly the following structure (simplified and only relevant methods shown) class Data: "used to handle the data with mongodb" "can link, unlink data and also return other linked data" "is basically a proxy object that only stores _id and accesses mongodb on requests" "it looks like {_id: ..., _out: [id1, id2,...], _inc: [id3, id4, ...]}" def get_node(self, id) "create a new Data object from the underlying mongodb" "each data object can potentially create a reference object to new mongo data" "this is needed when the data returns the linked objects" class Node: """ this class proxies linking calls to .data it includes additional network logic operations whereas Data only contains a basic database solution """ def __init__(self, data): "the infrastructure realization is stored as composition by an included object data" "Node bascially proxies most calls to the infrastructure object data" def get_node(self, data): "creates a new object of class Object or Link depending on data" class Object(Node): "can have multiple connections to Link" class Link(Node): "has one 'in' and one 'out' connection to an Object" This system is working, however maybe wouldn't work outside Python. Note that after reading links Now I have two questions here: 1) I want to infrastructure of the data storage to be replacable. Earlier I had Data as a superclass of Node so that it provided the neccessary calls. But (without dirty Python tricks) you cannot replace the superclass dynamically. Is using composition therefore recommended? The drawback is that I have to proxy most calls (link, unlink etc). Any thoughts? 2) The class Node contains the common method .get_node which is used to built new Object or Link instances after reading out the data. Some attribute of data decided whether the object which is only stored by id should be instantiated as an Object or Link class. The problem here is that Node needs to know about Object and Link in advance, which seems dodgy. Do you see a different solution? Both Object and Link need to instantiate one of all possible types depending on what the find in their linked data. Are there any other ideas how to implement a flexible Object/Link structure where the underlying database storage is isolated?

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  • Implementation of instance testing in Java, C++, C#

    - by Jake
    For curiosity purposes as well as understanding what they entail in a program, I'm curious as to how instance testing (instanceof/is/using dynamic_cast in c++) works. I've tried to google it (particularly for java) but the only pages that come up are tutorials on how to use the operator. How do the implementations vary across those langauges? How do they treat classes with identical signatures? Also, it's been drilled into my head that using instance testing is a mark of bad design. Why exactly is this? When is that applicable, instanceof should still be used in methods like .equals() and such right? I was also thinking of this in the context of exception handling, again particularly in Java. When you have mutliple catch statements, how does that work? Is that instance testing or is it just resolved during compilation where each thrown exception would go to?

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  • How do you handle objects that need custom behavior, and need to exist as an entity in the database?

    - by Scott Whitlock
    For a simple example, assume your application sends out notifications to users when various events happen. So in the database I might have the following tables: TABLE Event EventId uniqueidentifier EventName varchar TABLE User UserId uniqueidentifier Name varchar TABLE EventSubscription EventUserId EventId UserId The events themselves are generated by the program. So there are hard-coded points in the application where an event instance is generated, and it needs to notify all the subscribed users. So, the application itself doesn't edit the Event table, except during initial installation, and during an update where a new Event might be created. At some point, when an event is generated, the application needs to lookup the Event and get a list of Users. What's the best way to link the event in the source code to the event in the database? Option 1: Store the EventName in the program as a fixed constant, and look it up by name. Option 2: Store the EventId in the program as a static Guid, and look it up by ID. Extra Credit In other similar circumstances I may want to include custom behavior with the event type. That is, I'll want subclasses of my Event entity class with different behaviors, and when I lookup an event, I want it to return an instance of my subclass. For instance: class Event { public Guid Id { get; } public Guid EventName { get; } public ReadOnlyCollection<EventSubscription> EventSubscriptions { get; } public void NotifySubscribers() { foreach(var eventSubscription in EventSubscriptions) { eventSubscription.Notify(); } this.OnSubscribersNotified(); } public virtual void OnSubscribersNotified() {} } class WakingEvent : Event { private readonly IWaker waker; public WakingEvent(IWaker waker) { if(waker == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("waker"); this.waker = waker; } public override void OnSubscribersNotified() { this.waker.Wake(); base.OnSubscribersNotified(); } } So, that means I need to map WakingEvent to whatever key I'm using to look it up in the database. Let's say that's the EventId. Where do I store this relationship? Does it go in the event repository class? Should the WakingEvent know declare its own ID in a static member or method? ...and then, is this all backwards? If all events have a subclass, then instead of retrieving events by ID, should I be asking my repository for the WakingEvent like this: public T GetEvent<T>() where T : Event { ... // what goes here? ... } I can't be the first one to tackle this. What's the best practice?

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  • What alternative is better to diagram this scenario?

    - by Mosty Mostacho
    I was creating and discussing a class diagram with a partner of mine. To simplify things, I've modify the real domain we're working on and made up the following diagram: Basically, a company works on constructions that are quite different one from each other but are still constructions. Note I've added one field for each class but there should be many more. Now, I thought this was the way to go but my partner told me that if in the future new construction classes appear we would have to modify the Company class, which is correct. So the new proposed class diagram would be this: Now I've been wondering: Should the fact that in no place of the application will there be mixed lists of planes and bridges affect the design in any way? When we have to list only planes for a company, how are we supposed to distinguish them from the other elements in the list without checking for their class names? Related to the previous question, is it correct to assume that this type of diagram should be high-level and this is something it shouldn't matter at this stage but rather be thought and decided at implementation time? Any comment will be appreciated.

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  • Avoid overwriting all the methods in the child class

    - by Heckel
    The context I am making a game in C++ using SFML. I have a class that controls what is displayed on the screen (manager on the image below). It has a list of all the things to draw like images, text, etc. To be able to store them in one list I created a Drawable class from which all the other drawable class inherit. The image below represents how I would organize each class. Drawable has a virtual method Draw that will be called by the manager. Image and Text overwrite this method. My problem is that I would like Image::draw method to work for Circle, Polygon, etc. since sf::CircleShape and sf::ConvexShape inherit from sf::Shape. I thought of two ways to do that. My first idea would be for Image to have a pointer on sf::Shape, and the subclasses would make it point onto their sf::CircleShape or sf::ConvexShape classes (Like on the image below). In the Polygon constructor I would write something like ptr_shape = &polygon_shape; This doesn't look very elegant because I have two variables that are, in fact, just one. My second idea is to store the sf::CircleShape and sf::ConvexShape inside the ptr_shape like ptr_shape = new sf::ConvexShape(...); and to use a function that is only in ConvexShape I would cast it like so ((sf::ConvexShape*)ptr_shape)->convex_method(); But that doesn't look very elegant either. I am not even sure I am allowed to do that. My question I added details about the whole thing because I thought that maybe my whole architecture was wrong. I would like to know how I could design my program to be safe without overwriting all the Image methods. I apologize if this question has already been asked; I have no idea what to google.

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  • Are trivial protected getters blatant overkill?

    - by Panzercrisis
    Something I really have not thought about before (AS3 syntax): private var m_obj:Object; protected function get obj():Object { return m_obj; } private var m_str:String; protected function get str():String { return m_str; } At least subclasses won't be able to set m_obj or m_str (though they could still modify m_obj). Is this just blatant overkill? I am not talking about doing this as opposed to making them public. I am talking about doing this instead of just making the variables themselves protected. Like this: protected var m_obj:Object; //more accessible than a private variable with a protected getter protected var m_str:String; //more accessible than a private variable with a protected getter

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  • OO Software Architecture - base class that everything inherits from. Bad/good idea?

    - by ale
    I am reviewing a proposed OO software architecture that looks like this: Base Foo Something Bar SomethingElse Where Base is a static class. My immediate thought was that every object in any class will inherit all the methods in Base which would create a large object. Could this cause problems for a large system? The whole architecture is hierarchical.. the 'tree' is much bigger than this really. Does this sort of architecture have a name (hierarchical?!). What are the known pros and cons?

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  • REST API wrapper - class design for 'lite' object responses

    - by sasfrog
    I am writing a class library to serve as a managed .NET wrapper over a REST API. I'm very new to OOP, and this task is an ideal opportunity for me to learn some OOP concepts in a real-life situation that makes sense to me. Some of the key resources/objects that the API returns are returned with different levels of detail depending on whether the request is for a single instance, a list, or part of a "search all resources" response. This is obviously a good design for the REST API itself, so that full objects aren't returned (thus increasing the size of the response and therefore the time taken to respond) unless they're needed. So, to be clear: .../car/1234.json returns the full Car object for 1234, all its properties like colour, make, model, year, engine_size, etc. Let's call this full. .../cars.json returns a list of Car objects, but only with a subset of the properties returned by .../car/1234.json. Let's call this lite. ...search.json returns, among other things, a list of car objects, but with minimal properties (only ID, make and model). Let's call this lite-lite. I want to know what the pros and cons of each of the following possible designs are, and whether there is a better design that I haven't covered: Create a Car class that models the lite-lite properties, and then have each of the more detailed responses inherit and extend this class. Create separate CarFull, CarLite and CarLiteLite classes corresponding to each of the responses. Create a single Car class that contains (nullable?) properties for the full response, and create constructors for each of the responses which populate it to the extent possible (and maybe include a property that returns the response type from which the instance was created). I expect among other things there will be use cases for consumers of the wrapper where they will want to iterate through lists of Cars, regardless of which response type they were created from, such that the three response types can contribute to the same list. Happy to be pointed to good resources on this sort of thing, and/or even told the name of the concept I'm describing so I can better target my research.

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  • Is "If a method is re-used without changes, put the method in a base class, else create an interface" a good rule-of-thumb?

    - by exizt
    A colleague of mine came up with a rule-of-thumb for choosing between creating a base class or an interface. He says: Imagine every new method that you are about to implement. For each of them, consider this: will this method be implemented by more than one class in exactly this form, without any change? If the answer is "yes", create a base class. In every other situation, create an interface. For example: Consider the classes cat and dog, which extend the class mammal and have a single method pet(). We then add the class alligator, which doesn't extend anything and has a single method slither(). Now, we want to add an eat() method to all of them. If the implementation of eat() method will be exactly the same for cat, dog and alligator, we should create a base class (let's say, animal), which implements this method. However, if it's implementation in alligator differs in the slightest way, we should create an IEat interface and make mammal and alligator implement it. He insists that this method covers all cases, but it seems like over-simplification to me. Is it worth following this rule-of-thumb?

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  • Django: making raw SQL query, passing multiple/repeated params?

    - by AP257
    Hopefully this should be a fairly straightforward question, I just don't know enough about Python and Django to answer it. I've got a raw SQL query in Django that takes six different parameters, the first two of which (centreLat and centreLng) are each repeated: query = "SELECT units, (SQRT(((lat-%s)*(lat-%s)) + ((lng-%s)*(lng-%s)))) AS distance FROM places WHERE lat<%s AND lat>%s AND lon<%s AND lon>%s ORDER BY distance;" params = [centreLat,centreLng,swLat,neLat,swLng,neLng] places = Place.objects.raw(query, params) How do I structure the params object and the query string so they know which parameters to repeat and where?

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