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  • C++: Why does gcc prefer non-const over const when accessing operator[]?

    - by JonasW
    This question might be more appropriately asked regarding C++ in general, but as I am using gcc on linux that's the context. Consider the following program: #include <iostream> #include <map> #include <string> using namespace std; template <typename TKey, typename TValue> class Dictionary{ public: map<TKey, TValue> internal; TValue & operator[](TKey const & key) { cout << "operator[] with key " << key << " called " << endl; return internal[key]; } TValue const & operator[](TKey const & key) const { cout << "operator[] const with key " << key << " called " << endl; return internal.at(key); } }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { Dictionary<string, string> dict; dict["1"] = "one"; cout << "first one: " << dict["1"] << endl; return 0; } When executing the program, the output is: operator[] with key 1 called operator[] with key 1 called first one: one What I would like is to have the compiler choose the operator[]const method instead in the second call. The reason is that without having used dict["1"] before, the call to operator[] causes the internal map to create the data that does not exist, even if the only thing I wanted was to do some debugging output, which of course is a fatal application error. The behaviour I am looking for would be something like the C# index operator which has a get and a set operation and where you could throw an exception if the getter tries to access something that doesn't exist: class MyDictionary<TKey, TVal> { private Dictionary<TKey, TVal> dict = new Dictionary<TKey, TVal>(); public TVal this[TKey idx] { get { if(!dict.ContainsKey(idx)) throw KeyNotFoundException("..."); return dict[idx]; } set { dict[idx] = value; } } } Thus, I wonder why the gcc prefers the non-const call over the const call when non-const access is not required.

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  • How do I make non-framework code to framework code? (PHP)

    - by ggfan
    I just started using CakePHP and it's very different from just normal procedural or basic OOP PHP. I am still learning PHP and still read "beginning PHP/mysql" books that teaches you basic PHP. Also lots of sites online provide code that isn't for a framework. Is the only way to make non-framework code to say a framework, say cakePHP, by learning cakePHP thoroughly than rewriting the code yourself to fit the MVC model?

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  • Regular expression to match non-negative integers in PHP?

    - by kavoir.com
    I seem to get it to work with the following regexp by preg_match(): @^(?:[1-9][0-9]*)|0$@ Yet it's weird that it matches '-0', considering there are no '-' allowed at all in the regexp. Why? What's more weird is that if you switch the parts divided by |: @^0|(?:[1-9][0-9]*)$@ It matches all negative integers such as '-2' and '-10', etc. What am I missing here? Any better regexp for non-negative integer?

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  • How do I call a non-public method of a public class in Clojure?

    - by sramsay
    I'm calling the twitter4j library using Clojure like so: (def twitter (. (TwitterFactory.) getInstance)) This works fine when I call it as a script. But when I use gen-class, I get: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can't call public method of non-public class: public java.lang.Object twitter4j.TwitterFactoryBase.getInstance() Is there a workaround for this?

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  • a function that returns a random number that is a multiple of 3 between 0 and the function's non-negative integer parameter n

    - by martin
    I need to write a function called multipleOf3 that returns a random number that is a multiple of 3 between 0 and the function's non-negative integer parameter n and here is the result i want [Note: No number returned can be greater than the value of the parameter n] Examples: multipleOf3(0) -- 0 multipleOf3(1) -- 0 multipleOf3(2) -- 0 multipleOf3(3) -- 0 or 3 multipleOf3(20) -- 0 or 3 or 6 or 9 or 12 or 15 or 18

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  • Is it better to return NULL or empty values from functions/methods where the return value is not present?

    - by P B
    I am looking for a recommendation here. I am struggling with whether it is better to return NULL or an empty value from a method when the return value is not present or cannot be determined. Take the following two methods as an examples: string ReverseString(string stringToReverse) // takes a string and reverses it. Person FindPerson(int personID) // finds a Person with a matching personID. In ReverseString(), I would say return an empty string because the return type is string, so the caller is expecting that. Also, this way, the caller would not have to check to see if a NULL was returned. In FindPerson(), returning NULL seems like a better fit. Regardless of whether or not NULL or an empty Person Object (new Person()) is returned the caller is going to have to check to see if the Person Object is NULL or empty before doing anything to it (like calling UpdateName()). So why not just return NULL here and then the caller only has to check for NULL. Does anyone else struggle with this? Any help or insight is appreciated.

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  • Can we call methods of non-static classes without an object in Java?

    - by ask
    In Java, the wrapper class Integer has the static method parseInt() which is used like this: Integer.parseInt(). I thought only methods of static classes could be called like this (ie. Class.doMethod()). All non-static classes need objects to be instantiated to use their methods. I checked the API, and apparently Integer is declared as public final Integer - not static. Someone please help me understand this.

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  • How to do a non-waiting write on a named pipe (c#) ?

    - by Jelly Amma
    Hello, I'm using .net 3.5 named pipes and my server side is : serverPipeStream = new NamedPipeServerStream("myPipe", PipeDirection.InOut, 1, PipeTransmissionMode.Byte, PipeOptions.Asynchronous); When I write some data with, say, BinaryWriter, the write() call itself doesn't return until the client side has called a read() on its NamedPipeClientStream. How can I make my write() to the named pipe non-blocking ? Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • How do you marshall a parameterized type with JAX-WS / JAXB?

    - by LES2
    Consider the following classes (please assume public getter and setter methods for the private fields). // contains a bunch of properties public abstract class Person { private String name; } // adds some properties specific to teachers public class Teacher extends Person { private int salary; } // adds some properties specific to students public class Student extends Person { private String course; } // adds some properties that apply to an entire group of people public class Result<T extends Person> { private List<T> group; private String city; // ... } We might have the following web service implementation annotated as follows: @WebService public class PersonService { @WebMethod public Result<Teacher> getTeachers() { ... } @WebMethod public Result<Student> getStudents() { ... } } The problem is that JAXB appears to marshall the Result object as a Result<Person> instead of the concrete type. So the Result returned by getTeachers() is serialized as containing a List<Person> instead of List<Teacher>, and the same for getStudents(), mutatis mutandis. Is this the expected behavior? Do I need to use @XmlSeeAlso on Person? Thanks! LES

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  • Getting Vars to bind properly across multiple files

    - by Alex Baranosky
    I am just learning Clojure and am having trouble moving my code into different files. I keep detting this error from the appnrunner.clj - Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Exception: Unable to resolve symbol: -run-application in this context It seems to be finding the namespaces fine, but then not seeing the Vars as being bound... Any idea how to fix this? Here's my code: APPLICATION RUNNER - (ns src/apprunner (:use src/functions)) (def input-files [(resource-path "a.txt") (resource-path "b.txt") (resource-path "c.txt")]) (def output-file (resource-path "output.txt")) (defn run-application [] (sort-files input-files output-file)) (-run-application) APPLICATION FUNCTIONS - (ns src/functions (:use clojure.contrib.duck-streams)) (defn flatten [x] (let [s? #(instance? clojure.lang.Sequential %)] (filter (complement s?) (tree-seq s? seq x)))) (defn resource-path [file] (str "C:/Users/Alex and Paula/Documents/SoftwareProjects/MyClojureApp/resources/" file)) (defn split2 [str delim] (seq (.split str delim))) (defstruct person :first-name :last-name) (defn read-file-content [file] (apply str (interpose "\n" (read-lines file)))) (defn person-from-line [line] (let [sections (split2 line " ")] (struct person (first sections) (second sections)))) (defn formatted-for-display [person] (str (:first-name person) (.toUpperCase " ") (:last-name person))) (defn sort-by-keys [struct-map keys] (sort-by #(vec (map % [keys])) struct-map)) (defn formatted-output [persons output-number] (let [heading (str "Output #" output-number "\n") sorted-persons-for-output (apply str (interpose "\n" (map formatted-for-display (sort-by-keys persons (:first-name :last-name)))))] (str heading sorted-persons-for-output))) (defn read-persons-from [file] (let [lines (read-lines file)] (map person-from-line lines))) (defn write-persons-to [file persons] (dotimes [i 3] (append-spit file (formatted-output persons (+ 1 i))))) (defn sort-files [input-files output-file] (let [persons (flatten (map read-persons-from input-files))] (write-persons-to output-file persons)))

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  • Zend: How to populate data to checkboxes?

    - by NAVEED
    I am working on zend. I have a form with some checkboxes. I want to get data from database and populate this data to this form. If '1' is stored in table field then tick the check box otherwise leave it alone. In textboxes and dropdowns, data is easily populated but how to check a checkbox in action. I am creating checkboxes and textboxes elements like this in form.php: // Person name $person = $this->CreateElement('text', 'name'); $person->setLabel('Name'); $elements[] = $person; // Organization name $person = $this->CreateElement('text', 'organization'); $person->setLabel('Organization'); $elements[] = $person; // isAdmin Checkbox $isAdmin = $this->CreateElement('checkbox', 'isAdmin'); $isAdmin->setLabel('Admin'); $elements[] = $isAdmin; $this->addElements($elements); $this->setElementDecorators(array('ViewHelper')); // set form decorator (what script will render the form) $this->setDecorators(array(array('ViewScript' , array('viewScript' => 'organization/accessroles-form.phtml')))); And populating data like this (for example): // Prepare data to populate $data['name'] = 'Naveed'; $data['organization'] = 'ABC'; $data['isAdmin'] = '1'; // Populate editable data $this->view->form->populate( $data ); It is populating data in textboxes but not checking the checkbox? Any idea that how to check a checkbox from action? Thanks

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  • Safe non-tamperable URL component in Perl using symmetric encryption?

    - by Randal Schwartz
    OK, I'm probably just having a bad Monday, but I have the following need and I'm seeing lots of partial solutions but I'm sure I'm not the first person to need this, so I'm wondering if I'm missing the obvious. $client has 50 to 500 bytes worth of binary data that must be inserted into the middle of a URL and roundtrip to their customer's browser. Since it's part of the URL, we're up against the 1K "theoretical" limit of a GET URL. Also, $client doesn't want their customer decoding the data, or tampering with it without detection. $client would also prefer not to store anything server-side, so this must be completely standalone. Must be Perl code, and fast, in both encoding and decoding. I think the last step can be base64. But what are the steps for encryption and hashing that make the most sense?

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  • Which LINQ expression is faster

    - by Vlad Bezden
    Hi All In following code public class Person { public string Name { get; set; } public uint Age { get; set; } public Person(string name, uint age) { Name = name; Age = age; } } void Main() { var data = new List<Person>{ new Person("Bill Gates", 55), new Person("Steve Ballmer", 54), new Person("Steve Jobs", 55), new Person("Scott Gu", 35)}; // 1st approach data.Where (x => x.Age > 40).ToList().ForEach(x => x.Age++); // 2nd approach data.ForEach(x => { if (x.Age > 40) x.Age++; }); data.ForEach(x => Console.WriteLine(x)); } in my understanding 2nd approach should be faster since it iterates through each item once and first approach is running 2 times: Where clause ForEach on subset of items from where clause. However internally it might be that compiler translates 1st approach to the 2nd approach anyway and they will have the same performance. Any suggestions or ideas? I could do profiling like suggested, but I want to understand what is going on compiler level if those to lines of code are the same to the compiler, or compiler will treat it literally. Thanks in advance for your help.

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  • Uninitialized array offset

    - by kimmothy16
    Hey everyone, I am using PHP to create a form with an array of fields. Basically you can add an unlimited number of 'people' to the form and each person has a first name, last name, and phone number. The form requires that you add a phone number for the first person only. If you leave the phone number field blank on any others, the handler file is supposed to be programmed to use the phone number from the first person. So, my fields are: person[] - a hidden field with a value that is this person's primary key. fname[] - an input field lname[] - an input field phone[] - an input field My form handler looks like this: $people = $_POST['person'] $counter = 0; foreach($people as $person): if($phone[$counter] == '') { // use $phone[0]'s phone number } else { // use $phone[$counter] number } $counter = $counter + 1; endforeach; PHP doesn't like this though, it is throwing me an Notice: Uninitialized string offset error. I debugged it by running the is_array function on people, fname, lname, and phone and it returns true to being an array. I can also manually echo out $phone[2], etc. and get the correct value. I've also ran is_int on the $counter variable and it returned true, so I'm unsure why this isn't working as intended? Any help would be great!

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  • How do I get save (no exclamation point) semantics in an ActiveRecord transaction?

    - by James A. Rosen
    I have two models: Person and Address which I'd like to create in a transaction. That is, I want to try to create the Person and, if that succeeds, create the related Address. I would like to use save semantics (return true or false) rather than save! semantics (raise an ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid or not). This doesn't work because the user.save doesn't trigger a rollback on the transaction: class Person def save_with_address(address_options = {}) transaction do self.save address = Address.build(address_options) address.person = self address.save end end end (Changing the self.save call to an if self.save block around the rest doesn't help, because the Person save still succeeds even when the Address one fails.) And this doesn't work because it raises the ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid exception out of the transaction block without triggering an ActiveRecord::Rollback: class Person def save_with_address(address_options = {}) transaction do save! address = Address.build(address_options) address.person = self address.save! end end end The Rails documentation specifically warns against catching the ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid inside the transaction block. I guess my first question is: why isn't this transaction block... transacting on both saves?

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  • Hibernate: Check if object exists/changed

    - by swalkner
    Assuming I have an object Person with long id String firstName String lastName String address Then I'm generating a Person-object somewhere in my application. Now I'd like to check if the person exists in the database (= firstname/lastname-combination is in the database). If not = insert it. If yes, check, if the address is the same. If not = update the address. Of course, I can do some requests (first, try to load object with firstname/lastname), then (if existing), compare the address. But isn't there a simpler, cleaner approach? If got several different classes and do not like to have so many queries. I'd like to use annotations as if to say: firstname/lastname = they're the primary key. Check for them if the object exists. address is the parameter you have to compare if it stayed the same or not. Does Hibernate/JPA (or another framework) support something like that? pseude-code: if (database.containsObject(person)) { //containing according to compound keys if (database.containsChangedObject(person)) { database.updateObject(person); } } else { database.insertObject(person); }

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  • accepts_nested_attributes with Model.update for multiple models

    - by Ohad
    Hi, I'm trying to follow http://railscasts.com/episodes/198-edit-multiple-individually but I would like to save objects which are nested (accepts_nested_attributes_for). I've added the following in my controller: def edit_multiple @people = Person.find(params[:person_ids], :include => [:parameters]) end def update_multiple keys = params[:people].keys if keys.empty? flash[:error] = "Please select at least one person" redirect_to :back and return end values = keys.map {|k| params[:people][k]} @people = Person.update(keys,values).reject { |h| h.errors.empty? } if @people.empty? flash[:notice] = 'Updated people!' redirect_to person_path else redirect_to edit_multiple_path end end and in the view: <% form_tag update_multiple_people_path, :method => :post do %> <% for person in @people %> <% fields_for "people[]", host do |f| %> <%= f.error_messages :object_name => "person" %> <h3><%= h person.name %></h3> <% for parameter in person.parameters %> <% f.fields_for "person_parameters[]", parameter do |builder| -%> <%= render "common/parameters", :f => builder %> <% end -%> <% end -%> <p><%= link_to_add_fields "Add a parameter", f, :person_parameters, "common/parameters" %></p> <% end %> <% end %> <p><%= submit_tag "Edit these Parameter(s)" %></p> <% end %> but I'm always getting a mistmatch - e.g. ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch and Parameter(#70341811965140) expected, got Array(#70341874300460) Thanks!

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