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• Become a Vi Master by Learning These 30+ Key Bindings

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Vi is a powerful text editor included on most Linux systems. Many people swear by vi and find it faster than any other editor once they’ve learned its key bindings. You can even use vi key bindings in Bash. We’ve already covered getting started with vi for beginners. If you haven’t used vi in a while, you might want to give that post a look to get a refresher on the basics. How To Customize Your Wallpaper with Google Image Searches, RSS Feeds, and More 47 Keyboard Shortcuts That Work in All Web Browsers How To Hide Passwords in an Encrypted Drive Even the FBI Can’t Get Into

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• set proxy for vpn server on ubuntu server 12.4

  - by Morteza Soltanabadiyan

  I have a vpn server with HTTPS, L2TP , OPENVPN , PPTP. i want to set proxy in the server so all connection that comes from vpn clients use the proxy that i set in my server. I made a bash script file for it , but proxy not working. gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode 'manual' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http enabled true gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http host 'cproxy.anadolu.edu.tr' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http port 8080 gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http authentication-user 'admin' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http authentication-password 'admin' gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy use-same-proxy true export http_proxy=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export https_proxy=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export HTTP_PROXY=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 export HTTPS_PROXY=http://admin:[email protected]:8080 Now , I don't know what to do to make a global proxy for server and all vpn clients use it automatically.

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• How did programmers resolve their problems before the internet?

  - by 9a3eedi

  When programming, anytime I get stuck, perhaps with a compiler error that doesn't make sense, or from a GUI function that didn't do what I expected, I automatically google my problem, find someone else that faced the same thing, and read what's going on and why I'm getting the problem. Before the internet, how did people handle these situations? People used to read books and manuals more, I know. But books don't explain everything, like the odd compiler problem that you get sometimes, or nothing showing up on your screen despite you clearly writing correct OpenGL code. How did people cope when facing challenges? Did they simply "bash their head" on the wall till they figured it out? Is there something people used to do regularly on the side that gave them the ability to get themselves unstuck more easily? Were libraries/compilers much simpler back then? I've been asking this question because I sometimes feel guilty depending on Google so much when I'm pretty sure programmers before my time were more independent when it comes to facing these matters.

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• What does intermittent "Input/output error" suggest?

  - by dan

  Lately my Ubuntu 12 system has started acting very strange. Sometimes the computer freezes and then unfreezes 2 minutes later, and other times when I try a basic command like less I get the error bash: /usr/bin/less: Input/output error. But this is intermittent too. Any suggestions? Also if I try sudo reboot and enter my password, I get sudo: unable to open /var/lib/sudo/plato/7: Read-only file system Before I used to be able to do sudo reboot fine. If I tail /var/log/syslog I do see these curious lines: .... ata1: softreset failed (device not ready) .... ata1: hard resettting link .... ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) What can I do to fix this?

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• Nested languages code smell

  - by l0b0

  Many projects combine languages, for example on the web with the ubiquitous SQL + server-side language + markup du jour + JavaScript + CSS mix (often in a single function). Bash and other shell code is mixed with Perl and Python on the server side, evaled and sometimes even passed through sed before execution. Many languages support runtime execution of arbitrary code strings, and in some it seems to be fairly common practice. In addition to advice about security and separation of concerns, what other issues are there with this type of programming, what can be done to minimize it, and is it ever defensible (except in the "PHB on the shoulder" situation)?

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• vgaswitcheroo isn't working in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Forbidden404

  I always used vgaswitcheroo to turn off my discrete graphic, I did a script to turn off in boot, but now, vgaswitcheroo isn't working anymore, I don't know why... look forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ ls -l /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch ls: cannot access /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: Permission denied forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ grep -i switcheroo /boot/config-* /boot/config-3.2.0-20-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y /boot/config-3.2.0-23-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y /boot/config-3.2.0-24-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for forbidden404: root@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:/home/forbidden404# echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch bash: /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: No such file or directory root@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:/home/forbidden404# ls -l /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch ls: cannot access /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: No such file or directory And I'm not using any proprietary driver, k?

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• Learning Asynchronous programming

  - by xenoterracide

  Asynchronous non-blocking event driven programming seems to be all the rage. I have a basic conceptual understanding of what this all means. However what I'm not sure is when and where my code can benefit from being asynchronous, or how to make blocking IO, non-blocking. I'm sure that I can simply use a library to do this, but I'm more interested in more in depth concepts, and the various ways to implement it myself. Are there any comprehensive/definitive books, or other resources on this subject (like GoF for Design Patterns, or K&R for C, tldp for things like bash)? (Note: I'm not sure if this is actually functionally an identical question to my question on Learning event driven programming)

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• Installing 64bit Java 7 - Cannot Execute Binary File

  - by warpstack

  So I downloaded the latest version of Java from Oracle so I could get a 64bit JVM on Ubuntu Server 10.10. After extracting the file and updating the alternatives I went to check my installation by running java -version and I get this error: -bash: /usr/bin/java: cannot execute binary file I'm at a loss for what to do here. My alternatives menu looks like this: Selection Path Priority Status ------------------------------------------------------------ 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 auto mode 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 manual mode 2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386/jre/bin/java 1051 manual mode * 3 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/java 3 manual mode After restarting the system I seem to be getting a totally new error when checking the java version. usr/bin/java: 1: Syntax error: end of file unexpected (expecting ")")

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• PATH command not found

  - by joslinm

  Hi, I'm not experienced with PATH (Any good reference would be appreciated), but I made a mistake and did PATH=/google_appengine, which I'm assuming completely overrid PATH. Still, I restarted bash and echo'd PATH and found that the folders were back. mark@mark-laptop:~$ echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games However, when I then tried to append to it, I got an error that PATH wasn't found. I've looked around Google and couldn't find a good answer. Any help would be appreciated mark@mark-laptop:~$ PATH = $PATH:/google_appengine PATH: command not found

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• Help me make a cronjob/screen command please?

  - by Josip Gòdly Zirdum

  Hi guys I want to set up a cronjob on reboot to do this cd /home/admin/vivalaminecraft.com && screen -d -m -S mcscreen && mono McMyAdmin.exe The issue is when I execute this it seems to create the screen but doesn't do the mono McMyAdmin.exe in the screen... Is there like a then command ? so it does 1. then 2. then 3. ? Could someone please help out :) So I tried this: so I did this: @reboot screen -dmS minecraft @reboot cd /home/admin/vivalaminecraft.com @reboot mono McMyAdmin.exe It still doesn't work. The screen is created but it doesn't have the mono execution in it I put this in it #!/bin/bash screen -dmS minecraft; cd /home/admin/vivalaminecraft.com; mono McMyAdmin.exe; is this correct?

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• I studied electrical engineering. Can I work as a developer? [closed]

  - by FailedDev

  A while ago I finished my Msc in Electrical Engineering and started working as an engineering consultant where I mostly do development work. I am good at picking up languages/technologies tools. I have fiddled with C/C++/C#/perl/ant/bash/html/css etc. Although I have never had a complain for my work, rather the contrary, I just feel that some day, someone will ask me a real hard task which would maybe seem rather trivial for a computer scientist but hard for me. Should I read/do something to become a better developer. Should I pick up a book about design patterns or algorithms for example? Is this normal that I have this kind of "fear"? Sorry if this is the wrong place to post this question. Please notify me so I can close it if this is the case.

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• How to set-up a simple subversion workflow

  - by Milen Bilyanov

  I am trying to set-up a simple SVN workflow at home. I am new to subversion (and programming) so I have been reading the official PDF documentations but still not sure about how to set-up my repository. I am working mainly with python, bash and rsl (Renderman Shading Language) So I already have a /dev structure on my disk as this: http://imageshack.us/f/708/devstructure.png/ And I have a /site structure that links to my /dev folder: http://imageshack.us/f/651/sitestructure.png/ So obviously starting to use SVN will change this approach that I already have in place. The question is when I am setting-up my SVN repository for the work I do in my /dev folder: Will I set-up a separate repository for each different programming platform? and Where exactly I should be placing my repository? Thanks.

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• A command-line clipboard copy and paste utility?

  - by Peter.O

  In Windows I used command-line clipboard copy-and-paste utilities... pclip.exe and gclip.exe These were UnixUtils ports for Windows (but they only handled plain text). There were a couple of other native Windows utils which could write/extracy any format. I've looked for something similar in Synaptic Package Manager, but I can't find anything. Is there something there, that I've missed? ... or maybe this is available in bash scripting? The type of utility I'd like will be able to read/write via std-in/std-out or file-in/file-out, and handle Unicode/Rich-text/Picture/etc clipboard formats... Late Edit: NB: I'm not after a clipboard manager.

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• VPN disconnected: resolv.conf not refreshed

  - by cwall

  I connect to VPN using vpnc. When VPN disconnects, either via time out or the session limit is reached, VPN is terminated, but resolve.conf continues to contain references to my VPN network. resolv.conf before VPN is connected: nameserver 127.0.0.1 search mylocalnetwork resolv.conf after VPN is connected and remains once VPN is lost: nameserver X.X.X.X nameserver X.X.X.Z nameserver 127.0.0.1 search internal.mycompany.com mylocalnetwork In 10.04, when VPN lost, I'd run this script to refresh resolve.conf: 7$ cat bin/refreshResolvconf.sh #!/bin/bash #if [ -e /etc/resolvconf/run/interface/tun0 -a "`pidof vpnc`" == "" ]; then /sbin/resolvconf -d tun0; fi if [ -e /etc/resolvconf/run/interface/tun0 -a "`pidof vpnc`" == "" ] then /sbin/resolvconf -d tun0; echo "Refreshed resolv.conf" fi But, resolveconf changed in 12.04 changed, so this script is no longer applicable. To resolve, I manually edit resolve.conf or turn off/on my connection via "gnome-control-center network". Anyone else have the same problem? How can resolv.conf be updated post-VPN disconnect?

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• How can I delay dropbox from starting, but not disable it?

  - by jgbelacqua

  When I log into my user account on Ubuntu 10.10, there is a unsatisfying delay before my system becomes usable. Even launching a terminal, I have to wait a few seconds before the bash prompt appears. During this start-up period, the top process seems to be dropbox. I'm not sure what it's doing exactly (functionality is still fine as far as I can see), but I do know it really doesn't need to be doing it while I'm waiting for desktop to appear. (This is the standard Ubuntu with Gnome desktop, by the way.) What I would like to do is to be able to have a static or even dependency-based delay for dropbox to start. It would be nice if it waited for, e.g., 10 minutes, or for my browser tabs to load and a typing pause. Then it could churn away on file status or cache-chewing, and I would be happy. Is there a way to do this? Thanks!

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• How to Quickly Resize, Convert & Modify Images from the Linux Terminal

  - by Chris Hoffman

  ImageMagick is a suite of command-line utilities for modifying and working with images. ImageMagick can quickly perform operations on an image from a terminal, perform batch processing of many images, or be integrated into a bash script. ImageMagick can perform a wide variety of operations. This guide will introduce you to ImageMagick’s syntax and basic operations and show you how to combine operations and perform batch processing of many images. The HTG Guide to Hiding Your Data in a TrueCrypt Hidden Volume Make Your Own Windows 8 Start Button with Zero Memory Usage Reader Request: How To Repair Blurry Photos

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• image viewer: png vs gif

  - by David Oneill

  I have a bunch of files that have .png extension. However, some of them are actually gif files. Any of the files, I can open them w/ gimp or view them in firefox, but when I try to open them with the Eye of Gnome viewer, it gives an error "Could not load image: Fatal error reading PNG image file: Not a PNG file" Is there: Another image viewer that can open files with incorrect extensions that I could use as default? It would need to have the ability to zoom in and out on images, and scroll through all the images in a folder via arrow keys. An automated way to rename the files that are actually gif files to the correct extensions? Choice 2 is preferred, but I don't now how to tell what type they are. I would be able to put together a bash script to do the renaming if there is a command that could tell me what type they are.

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• Not recognize JDK after installation in ubuntu 12.10

  - by HFDev

  I did these steps without error: 1-JDK path : Downloads/jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin 2-Commands in Terminal : mkdir Programs cd Programs bash ../Downloads/jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin ln -s jdk-6u37-linux-x64 jdk 3-Set JAVA_HOME and Path: in HomeView MenuShow Hidden Files Then open .bashrc in text editor. I added the following lines to end of file. export JAVA_HOME=$Home/Programs/jdk export PATH=:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the result of executing the command echo $JAVA_HOME : /Programs/jdk This is the result of executing the command echo $PATH : :/Programs/jdk/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- And problem is : This is the result of executing the command java -version : The program 'java' can be found in the following packages: * default-jre * gcj-4.6-jre-headless * gcj-4.7-jre-headless * openjdk-7-jre-headless * openjdk-6-jre-headless Try: sudo apt-get install

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• Audio Stutter in in ubuntu 12.04

  - by Andrew Redd

  After upgrading to precise my audio is stuttering. It is happening, in VLC, mplayer, and anything streaming from the internet. I followed the procedures in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure but nothing has helped so far. There is the problem that the driver version is out of date but it does not seem to want to update with the given commands. $ bash alsa-info.sh --stdout |grep version Driver version: 1.0.24 Library version: 1.0.25 Utilities version: 1.0.25 How can I upgrade the driver and fix the stuttering?

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• Automatically kill a process if it exceeds a given amount of RAM

  - by chrisamiller

  I work on large-scale datasets. When testing new software, a script will sometimes sneak up on me, quickly grab all available RAM, and render my desktop unusable. I'd like a way to set a RAM limit for a process so that if it exceeds that amount, it will be killed automatically. A language-specific solution probably won't work, as I use all sorts of different tools (R, Perl, Python, Bash, etc). So is there some sort of process-monitor that will let me set a threshold amount of RAM and automatically kill a process if it uses more?

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• How can I backup my PPAs?

  - by Scaine

  Related to this question. But my concern is that over the past year, most of my more interesting (or used) applications are from PPAs, and just backing up my sources list won't add the associated launchpad keys the way that add-apt-repository does. So I'm looking for a way to list all the PPA urls (like ppa:chromium-daily/stable) so that I can easily script a series of add-apt-repository commands to add them into a new installation gracefully. Short of dumping my bash history of course. Which might be feasible, depending on how far back that file goes back?

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• How can I lock screen on lxde

  - by maniat1k

  Like gnome Control + alt + L In Lxde how can i do that? What I have to intall to do this? thanks --searching for a solution on my own but... ok if I do alt+f2 and type xscreensaver-command -lock that's a small solution. tryed to do an small script but it's not working.. this is what I do vi lock.sh #!/bin/bash xscreensaver-command -lock exit 0 chmod +x lock.sh but this doesnt work.. ideas?

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• I don't have permission to access other drives

  - by mcjohnalds45

  After messing with the user accounts & names, I found I can't access my external drives without using sudo. So when I access one normally with cd "/media/john/FreeAgent Drive" I receive bash: cd: /media/john/FreeAgent Drive: Permission denied However, using sudo: sudo cd /media/john sudo ls -l It gives: drwx------ 1 john john 20480 Sep 24 10:45 FreeAgent Drive/ And id returns uid=1003(john) gid=1003(john) groups=1003(john), ... So I'm interpreting this is as "you are john, only john can access this drive, however, you cannot access this drive." I have tried sudo chown john:john "FreeAgent Drive" and sudo chmod o+rw "john/FreeAgent Drive"but I still can't access it.

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• How can you become a real programming polyglot?

  - by Yob

  I work as a Java programmer, but C and C++ were always my favourite languages during studies. Unfortunatelly I don't have an opportunity to work with them as often as I would like to. As a result I sometimes get realized that I don't remember something quite important (today example: inherited protected members cannot be accessed in derived class constructors). The other example could be Python and Haskell which I enjoy using but don't use everyday. I got an idea to write my own wiki with easy to forget things (e.g. bash tricks & tips) but I find no sense in writing there everything I can forget about coolest programming languages. I know that the best way would be having a side projects (I want to start working on some C/C++ open source project after graduation), but currently I have to write my graduation thesis and work so I merely don't have time to do this. How do you stay sharp in languages that you don't use everyday?

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• Looking for a customizable "Did you know..." dialog application

  - by Jorge Suárez de Lis

  I want to deploy a "Did you know..." or "Tip of the day" application at the office. It should: Show a dialog at login time with a random tip. Obviously, provide some way to store my own tips. Be easy to disable and reenable by the user itself. I'm using puppet, so I'm covered with the deployment. The tips don't even need to be gathered from a server, since I can deploy the newest tips file/database with no costs. Sure, I could hack a quick solution by using zenity and bash, but I'd like to know if there's any application out there specifically targeted at this. I don't like the zenity approach very much because it's very limited on the contents that can be displayed. No text alongside screenshots, for example. Zenity is aimed towards displaying simple dialogs.

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