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• Oracle 11gR2: NLS_CHARACTERSET accidentally removed with an UPDATE-Query

  - by Marco Nätlitz

  Hi folks, I have a fresh installation of Oracle 11gr2_x64 on CentOS. After the installation I wanted to get productive and started to import my dumps. One of the dumps caused characterset error so I tried to change the systems character-set to the one specified in the dump. I ran a statement like this: UPDATE nls_database_parameters SET parameter='WS....' WHERE parameter=’NLS_CHARACTERSET’; As you can see: I have written the value of the character-set in the parameter column instead of the value column. I guess I was just too much thinking about the problem instead of checking what I am typing there. After the query the parameter "NLS_CHARACTERSET" is gone and the server reports that the characterset is "(null)". I want to put the "NLS_CHARACTERSET" paramater back in the table but don't know how. If I try to do something like this INSERT INTO nls_database_parameters (PARAMETERS, VALUE) VALUES ("NLS_CHARACTERSET", "AL32UTF8"); I get the error: Fehler bei Befehlszeile:1 Spalte:84 Fehlerbericht: *Cause: SQL-Fehler: ORA-00984: Spalte hier nicht zulässig *Action: 00984. 00000 - "column not allowed here" Sorry that the error message is in German but it contains the Oracle error code. Do you have any idea how I can fix that? Thanks and best regards Marco

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• Mac OS X - User home directories shared via NFS

  - by Hugh

  I've run into some problems with how I've got user home directories set up on our system here. Our server is an XServe, using Open Directory to manage the user accounts. The majority of our workstations are OS X, but there are a few running Linux (Centos 5.3), and, as time goes on, we expect the proportion of Linux workstations to increase (at some point, we expect to move the server side over to Linux too, but for now we're running with what we've already got) To ensure that the Linux and OS X workstations both see user's home directories in the same place, I shared the home directories using NFS. On the server end, the home directories are stored in: /Volumes/data/company_users This is mounted on the workstations to: /mount/company_users This work fine on the Linux workstations, but there is some weirdness under OS X. For the user who is logged in through the GUI, it all works just fine. However, if a user tries to SSH into a machine that they are not the primary user on, they often have no access to their own home directory. It looks as though OS X is trying to do something else to the user home directories mount point when you log in through the GUI.... For example, on this machine (nv001), I (hugh) am logged into the GUI. Last login: Mon Mar 8 18:17:52 on ttys011 [nv001:~] hugh% ls -al /mount/company_users total 40 drwxrwxrwx 26 hugh wheel 840 27 Jan 19:09 . drwxr-xr-x 6 admin admin 204 19 Dec 18:36 .. drwx------+ 128 hugh staff 4308 27 Feb 23:36 hugh drwx------+ 26 matt staff 840 4 Dec 14:14 matt [nv001:~] hugh% So Matt's home directory is accessible to him. However, if I try to switch to him: [nv001:~] hugh% su - matt Password: su: no directory [nv001:~] hugh% Or: [nv001:~] hugh% su matt Password: tcsh: Permission denied tcsh: Trying to start from "/mount/company_users/matt" tcsh: Trying to start from "/" [nv001:/] matt% Does anyone have any idea why it might be doing this? It's causing me all sorts of problems at the moment... The only machine that I can successfully switch users at the moment is the server that the user directories are stored on, where /mount/company_users is actually just a symlink to /Volumes/data/company_users

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• IPMI not fucntioning with Network Bonding

  - by muhammed sameer

  Hey, I am having problems with running IPMI on my servers that have network bonding enabled. Platform: CentOS release 5.3 (Final) Kernel: 2.6.18-92.el5 64bit Dell PowerEdge 1950 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet I have bonded the interface eth0 and eth1 as active passive, with eth0 as the active interface, below is conf description from /proc Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) Primary Slave: eth0 Currently Active Slave: eth0 MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 30 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth0 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:22:19:56:b9:cd Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:22:19:56:b9:cf My IPMI device is as follows IPMI Device Information Interface Type: KCS (Keyboard Control Style) Specification Version: 2.0 I2C Slave Address: 0x10 NV Storage Device: Not Present Base Address: 0x0000000000000CA8 (I/O) Register Spacing: 32-bit Boundaries I Have used openIPMI as well as freeipmi both to control the chassis via the IPMI card, but on servers which have bonding enabled, the command times out, below is the full run of the command with debug info. ipmi_lan_send_cmd:opened=[0], open=[4482848] IPMI LAN host 70.87.28.115 port 623 Sending IPMI/RMCP presence ping packet ipmi_lan_send_cmd:opened=[1], open=[4482848] No response from remote controller Get Auth Capabilities command failed ipmi_lan_send_cmd:opened=[1], open=[4482848] No response from remote controller Get Auth Capabilities command failed Error: Unable to establish LAN session Failed to open LAN interface Unable to get Chassis Power Status On the other hand I configured IPMI on a box with the same specs as mentioned above without bonding and IPMI works perfectly. Has anyone faced this problem with IPMI + Bonding ? I would be thankful is someone helps circumvent this issue. Muhammed Sameer

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• frequent "SNMP error" with Cacti

  - by nn4l

  When adding new devices to my Cacti instance, I get frequent "SNMP error" messages in the device screen. But the error is not consistent, not even for the same device. Here's what I already have checked: Sometimes a device shows that "SNMP error" message even when it did not had that error an hour before, and vice versa. I tried this with several different Cacti releases, installed on different OS (Debian squeeze: 0.8.7g-1+squeeze1, Debian Sid: 0.8.7i-3, CentOS 6.0: 0.8.7i-2.el6) tried both from a local (192.168.1.xy) network and from a different data center so I don't think it is a network problem reinstalled the Cacti database, rerun the scripts to install my devices. Now different devices have that error when executing a snmpwalk or snmpgetnext command from the command line, it is always successful increasing the timeout to 20000 (20 seconds) and the retry count to 10 does not make a difference The cacti.log says: 04/14/2012 02:10:19 PM - CMDPHP: Poller[0] WARNING: SNMP GetNext Timeout for Host:'s0026.mydomain.de', and OID:'.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0' 04/14/2012 02:10:20 PM - CMDPHP: Poller[0] WARNING: SNMP GetNext Timeout for Host:'s0026.mydomain.de', and OID:'.1.3' However, when executing snmpget or snmpget with that from the command line a proper response is returned immediately.

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• Converting Lighttpd config to NginX with php-fpm

  - by Le Dude

  Having so much issue with NginX configuration since I'm new with NginX. Been using Lighttpd for quite sometime. Here are the base info. New Machine - CentOS 6.3 64 Bit - NginX 1.2.4-1.e16.ngx - Php-FPM 5.3.18-1.e16.remi Old Machine - CentOS 6.2 64Bit - Lighttpd 1.4.25-3.e16 Original Lighttpd config file: ####################################################################### ## ## /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf ## ## check /etc/lighttpd/conf.d/*.conf for the configuration of modules. ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Some Variable definition which will make chrooting easier. ## ## if you add a variable here. Add the corresponding variable in the ## chroot example aswell. ## var.log_root = "/var/log/lighttpd" var.server_root = "/var/www" var.state_dir = "/var/run" var.home_dir = "/var/lib/lighttpd" var.conf_dir = "/etc/lighttpd" ## ## run the server chrooted. ## ## This requires root permissions during startup. ## ## If you run Chrooted set the the variables to directories relative to ## the chroot dir. ## ## example chroot configuration: ## #var.log_root = "/logs" #var.server_root = "/" #var.state_dir = "/run" #var.home_dir = "/lib/lighttpd" #var.vhosts_dir = "/vhosts" #var.conf_dir = "/etc" # #server.chroot = "/srv/www" ## ## Some additional variables to make the configuration easier ## ## ## Base directory for all virtual hosts ## ## used in: ## conf.d/evhost.conf ## conf.d/simple_vhost.conf ## vhosts.d/vhosts.template ## var.vhosts_dir = server_root + "/vhosts" ## ## Cache for mod_compress ## ## used in: ## conf.d/compress.conf ## var.cache_dir = "/var/cache/lighttpd" ## ## Base directory for sockets. ## ## used in: ## conf.d/fastcgi.conf ## conf.d/scgi.conf ## var.socket_dir = home_dir + "/sockets" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Load the modules. include "modules.conf" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Basic Configuration ## --------------------- ## server.port = 80 ## ## Use IPv6? ## #server.use-ipv6 = "enable" ## ## bind to a specific IP ## #server.bind = "localhost" ## ## Run as a different username/groupname. ## This requires root permissions during startup. ## server.username = "lighttpd" server.groupname = "lighttpd" ## ## enable core files. ## #server.core-files = "disable" ## ## Document root ## server.document-root = server_root + "/lighttpd" ## ## The value for the "Server:" response field. ## ## It would be nice to keep it at "lighttpd". ## #server.tag = "lighttpd" ## ## store a pid file ## server.pid-file = state_dir + "/lighttpd.pid" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Logging Options ## ------------------ ## ## all logging options can be overwritten per vhost. ## ## Path to the error log file ## server.errorlog = log_root + "/error.log" ## ## If you want to log to syslog you have to unset the ## server.errorlog setting and uncomment the next line. ## #server.errorlog-use-syslog = "enable" ## ## Access log config ## include "conf.d/access_log.conf" ## ## The debug options are moved into their own file. ## see conf.d/debug.conf for various options for request debugging. ## include "conf.d/debug.conf" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Tuning/Performance ## -------------------- ## ## corresponding documentation: ## http://www.lighttpd.net/documentation/performance.html ## ## set the event-handler (read the performance section in the manual) ## ## possible options on linux are: ## ## select ## poll ## linux-sysepoll ## ## linux-sysepoll is recommended on kernel 2.6. ## server.event-handler = "linux-sysepoll" ## ## The basic network interface for all platforms at the syscalls read() ## and write(). Every modern OS provides its own syscall to help network ## servers transfer files as fast as possible ## ## linux-sendfile - is recommended for small files. ## writev - is recommended for sending many large files ## server.network-backend = "linux-sendfile" ## ## As lighttpd is a single-threaded server, its main resource limit is ## the number of file descriptors, which is set to 1024 by default (on ## most systems). ## ## If you are running a high-traffic site you might want to increase this ## limit by setting server.max-fds. ## ## Changing this setting requires root permissions on startup. see ## server.username/server.groupname. ## ## By default lighttpd would not change the operation system default. ## But setting it to 2048 is a better default for busy servers. ## ## With SELinux enabled, this is denied by default and needs to be allowed ## by running the following once : setsebool -P httpd_setrlimit on server.max-fds = 2048 ## ## Stat() call caching. ## ## lighttpd can utilize FAM/Gamin to cache stat call. ## ## possible values are: ## disable, simple or fam. ## server.stat-cache-engine = "simple" ## ## Fine tuning for the request handling ## ## max-connections == max-fds/2 (maybe /3) ## means the other file handles are used for fastcgi/files ## server.max-connections = 1024 ## ## How many seconds to keep a keep-alive connection open, ## until we consider it idle. ## ## Default: 5 ## #server.max-keep-alive-idle = 5 ## ## How many keep-alive requests until closing the connection. ## ## Default: 16 ## #server.max-keep-alive-requests = 18 ## ## Maximum size of a request in kilobytes. ## By default it is unlimited (0). ## ## Uploads to your server cant be larger than this value. ## #server.max-request-size = 0 ## ## Time to read from a socket before we consider it idle. ## ## Default: 60 ## #server.max-read-idle = 60 ## ## Time to write to a socket before we consider it idle. ## ## Default: 360 ## #server.max-write-idle = 360 ## ## Traffic Shaping ## ----------------- ## ## see /usr/share/doc/lighttpd/traffic-shaping.txt ## ## Values are in kilobyte per second. ## ## Keep in mind that a limit below 32kB/s might actually limit the ## traffic to 32kB/s. This is caused by the size of the TCP send ## buffer. ## ## per server: ## #server.kbytes-per-second = 128 ## ## per connection: ## #connection.kbytes-per-second = 32 ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## Filename/File handling ## ------------------------ ## ## files to check for if .../ is requested ## index-file.names = ( "index.php", "index.rb", "index.html", ## "index.htm", "default.htm" ) ## index-file.names += ( "index.xhtml", "index.html", "index.htm", "default.htm", "index.php" ) ## ## deny access the file-extensions ## ## ~ is for backupfiles from vi, emacs, joe, ... ## .inc is often used for code includes which should in general not be part ## of the document-root url.access-deny = ( "~", ".inc" ) ## ## disable range requests for pdf files ## workaround for a bug in the Acrobat Reader plugin. ## $HTTP["url"] =~ "\.pdf$" { server.range-requests = "disable" } ## ## url handling modules (rewrite, redirect) ## #url.rewrite = ( "^/$" => "/server-status" ) #url.redirect = ( "^/wishlist/(.+)" => "http://www.example.com/$1" ) ## ## both rewrite/redirect support back reference to regex conditional using %n ## #$HTTP["host"] =~ "^www\.(.*)" { # url.redirect = ( "^/(.*)" => "http://%1/$1" ) #} ## ## which extensions should not be handle via static-file transfer ## ## .php, .pl, .fcgi are most often handled by mod_fastcgi or mod_cgi ## static-file.exclude-extensions = ( ".php", ".pl", ".fcgi", ".scgi" ) ## ## error-handler for status 404 ## #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.html" #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.php" ## ## Format: <errorfile-prefix><status-code>.html ## -> ..../status-404.html for 'File not found' ## #server.errorfile-prefix = "/srv/www/htdocs/errors/status-" ## ## mimetype mapping ## include "conf.d/mime.conf" ## ## directory listing configuration ## include "conf.d/dirlisting.conf" ## ## Should lighttpd follow symlinks? ## server.follow-symlink = "enable" ## ## force all filenames to be lowercase? ## #server.force-lowercase-filenames = "disable" ## ## defaults to /var/tmp as we assume it is a local harddisk ## server.upload-dirs = ( "/var/tmp" ) ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## SSL Support ## ------------- ## ## To enable SSL for the whole server you have to provide a valid ## certificate and have to enable the SSL engine.:: ## ## ssl.engine = "enable" ## ssl.pemfile = "/path/to/server.pem" ## ## The HTTPS protocol does not allow you to use name-based virtual ## hosting with SSL. If you want to run multiple SSL servers with ## one lighttpd instance you must use IP-based virtual hosting: :: ## ## $SERVER["socket"] == "10.0.0.1:443" { ## ssl.engine = "enable" ## ssl.pemfile = "/etc/ssl/private/www.example.com.pem" ## server.name = "www.example.com" ## ## server.document-root = "/srv/www/vhosts/example.com/www/" ## } ## ## If you have a .crt and a .key file, cat them together into a ## single PEM file: ## $ cat /etc/ssl/private/lighttpd.key /etc/ssl/certs/lighttpd.crt \ ## > /etc/ssl/private/lighttpd.pem ## #ssl.pemfile = "/etc/ssl/private/lighttpd.pem" ## ## optionally pass the CA certificate here. ## ## #ssl.ca-file = "" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ## ## custom includes like vhosts. ## #include "conf.d/config.conf" #include_shell "cat /etc/lighttpd/vhosts.d/*.conf" ## ####################################################################### ####################################################################### ### Custom Added by me #url.rewrite-once = (".*\.(js|ico|gif|jpg|png|css|jar|class)$" => "$0", "" => "/index.php") url.rewrite-once = ( ".*\?(.*)$" => "/index.php?$1", "^/js/.*$" => "$0", "^.*\.(js|ico|gif|jpg|png|css|swf |jar|class)$" => "$0", "" => "/index.php" ) # expire.url = ( "" => "access 1 days" ) include "myvhost-vhosts.conf" ####################################################################### Here is my Vhost file for lighttpd $HTTP["host"] =~ "192.168.8.35$" { server.document-root = "/var/www/lighttpd/qc41022012/public" server.errorlog = "/var/log/lighttpd/error.log" accesslog.filename = "/var/log/lighttpd/access.log" server.error-handler-404 = "/e404.php" } and here is my nginx.conf file user nginx; worker_processes 5; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/testsite/logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; # include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; ## I added this ## include /etc/nginx/sites-available/*; } Here is my NginX Vhost file server { server_name 192.168.8.91; access_log /var/log/nginx/myapps/logs/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/myapps/logs/error.log; root /var/www/html/myapps/public; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; } location = /favicon.ico { return 204; access_log off; log_not_found off; } # location ~ \.php$ { # try_files $uri /index.php; # include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; location ~ \.php.*$ { rewrite ^(.*.php)/ $1 last; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; # fastcgi_intercept_errors on; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/index.php; # fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $uri; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # include fastcgi_params; } } We have a custom apps that we created that works great with lighttpd. I went through some headache also when we were trying to figure out how to make it work with lighttpd. this is the line that helps make it work in lighttpd. url.rewrite-once = ( ".*\?(.*)$" => "/index.php?$1", "^/js/.*$" => "$0", "^.*\.(js|ico|gif|jpg|png|css|swf |jar|class)$" => "$0", "" => "/index.php" ) but I couldn't figure out how to make it works in NginX. The webserver run just fine when we use the phpinfo.php test file. However as soon as I point it to my apps, nothing comes up. Check the error.log file and there's no error. Very mind boggling. I spent over 1 week trying to figure it out with no luck.. Please help?

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• ipvsadm lists a few hosts by IP only, rest by name

  - by dmourati

  We use keepalived to manage our Linux Virtual Server (LVS) load balancer. The LVS VIPs are setup to use a FWMARK as configured in iptables. virtual_server fwmark 300000 { delay_loop 10 lb_algo wrr lb_kind NAT persistence_timeout 180 protocol TCP real_server 10.10.35.31 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.31" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.32 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.32" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.33 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.33" misc_timeout 30 } } real_server 10.10.35.34 { weight 24 MISC_CHECK { misc_path "/usr/local/sbin/check_php_wrapper.sh 10.10.35.34" misc_timeout 30 } } } http://www.austintek.com/LVS/LVS-HOWTO/HOWTO/LVS-HOWTO.fwmark.html [root@lb1 ~]# iptables -L -n -v -t mangle Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 182G packets, 114T bytes) 190M 167G MARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 w1.x1.y1.4 multiport dports 80,443 MARK set 0x493e0 62M 58G MARK tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 w1.x1.y2.4 multiport dports 80,443 MARK set 0x493e0 [root@lb1 ~]# ipvsadm -L IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn FWM 300000 wrr persistent 180 -> 10.10.35.31:0 Masq 24 1 0 -> dis2.domain.com:0 Masq 24 3 231 -> 10.10.35.33:0 Masq 24 0 208 -> 10.10.35.34:0 Masq 24 0 0 At the time the realservers were setup, there was a misconfigured dns for some hosts in the 10.10.35.0/24 network. Thereafter, we fixed the DNS. However, the hosts continue to show up as only their IP numbers (10.10.35.31,10.10.35.33,10.10.35.34) above. [root@lb1 ~]# host 10.10.35.31 31.35.10.10.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer dis1.domain.com. OS is CentOS 6.3. Ipvsadm is ipvsadm-1.25-10.el6.x86_64. kernel is kernel-2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64. Keepalived is keepalived-1.2.7-1.el6.x86_64. How can we get ipvsadm -L to list all realservers by their proper hostnames?

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• raid 1 and high load average

  - by melocoton

  i have a server with high load average, I think the problem is the raid 1. cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 256896 blocks [2/2] [UU] md3 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 2562240 blocks [2/2] [UU] md4 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 958566272 blocks [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 15366080 blocks [2/2] [UU] model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU E8400 @ 3.00GHz Linux 2.6.18-164.6.1.el5.centos.plus (local) 04/19/2010 avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 17.37 0.01 6.02 26.17 0.00 50.43 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn sda 61.09 562.65 893.73 1557214 2473546 sda1 0.01 0.27 0.02 751 42 sda2 6.11 195.50 169.78 541075 469888 sda3 0.01 0.23 0.00 641 0 sda4 0.00 0.01 0.00 18 0 sda5 54.96 366.54 723.94 1014449 2003616 sdb 54.40 433.22 893.73 1199015 2473546 sdb1 0.01 0.16 0.02 436 42 sdb2 5.31 169.00 169.78 467729 469888 sdb3 0.01 0.31 0.00 865 0 sdb4 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 0 sdb5 49.05 263.65 723.94 729695 2003616 md1 29.96 364.39 166.68 1008498 461312 md4 124.15 630.07 713.28 1743822 1974112 md3 0.05 0.43 0.00 1192 0 md0 0.04 0.32 0.00 872 10 dm-0 7.96 83.29 23.02 230530 63720 dm-1 3.67 51.81 2.73 143394 7560 dm-2 7.63 67.76 27.35 187546 75696 dm-3 8.20 134.60 14.02 372514 38792 dm-4 5.90 10.66 39.35 29498 108912 dm-5 17.39 24.52 121.79 67850 337080 dm-6 27.19 229.60 139.89 635442 387168 dm-7 0.14 1.07 0.28 2970 776 dm-8 25.84 4.23 202.89 11698 561536 dm-9 14.77 8.38 112.35 23202 310960 dm-10 5.29 12.78 29.55 35376 81784 dm-11 0.16 1.25 0.05 3450 128 the server runs lvm in the md4

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• Openfiler iSCSI performance

  - by Justin

  Hoping someone can point me in the right direction with some iSCSI performance issues I'm having. I'm running Openfiler 2.99 on an older ProLiant DL360 G5. Dual Xeon processor, 6GB ECC RAM, Intel Gigabit Server NIC, SAS controller with and 3 10K SAS drives in a RAID 5. When I run a simple write test from the box directly the performance is very good: [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpfile bs=1M count=1000 1000+0 records in 1000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 4.64468 s, 226 MB/s So I created a LUN, attached it to another box I have running ESXi 5.1 (Core i7 2600k, 16GB RAM, Intel Gigabit Server NIC) and created a new datastore. Once I created the datastore I was able to create and start a VM running CentOS with 2GB of RAM and 16GB of disk space. The OS installed fine and I'm able to use it but when I ran the same test inside the VM I get dramatically different results: [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpfile bs=1M count=1000 1000+0 records in 1000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 26.8786 s, 39.0 MB/s [root@localhost ~]# Both servers have brand new Intel Server NIC's and I have Jumbo Frames enabled on the switch, the openfiler box as well as the VMKernel adapter on the ESXi box. I can confirm this is set up properly by using the vmkping command from the ESXi host: ~ # vmkping 10.0.0.1 -s 9000 PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1): 9000 data bytes 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.533 ms 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.736 ms 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.570 ms The only thing I haven't tried as far as networking goes is bonding two interfaces together. I'm open to trying that down the road but for now I am trying to keep things simple. I know this is a pretty modest setup and I'm not expecting top notch performance but I would like to see 90-100MB/s. Any ideas?

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• Server Performance

  - by sb12

  I know very little about performance tuning of servers etc... so i thought i'd put this up here as i start some research on it, just to get some direction. I am in the process of migrating from my old server to a new one - both are 64 bit machines. One is a few years old, the other brand new (PowerEdge R410). The old server spec is: 2 cpus, 3.4GHz Pentiums, 8G of RAM, Fedora 11 currently installed The new server spec is: 16 cpus, 3.2 GHz Xeon, 16G of RAM, CentOS 6.2 installed. Also RAID10 is on the new server - no RAID on the old one. Both servers currently have the same database (MySQL) with the same data migrated. I wrote a Perl script that simply steps through each row of a table in the database (about 18000 rows) and updates a value in that row. Every row in the table is updated. Out of curiosity i ran this perl script on both machines, just to see how the new server would perform vs. the old one, and it produced interesting results: The old server was twice as fast as the new one to complete. Looking at the database, both are configured exactly the same (the new one being a dump of the old one...)... Anyone any ideas why this would be given the hardware gap between both? As i said i'm about to start some digging, but thought i'd put this up here to maybe get some good direction.... Many thanks in advance..

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• Apache httpd Problem

  - by Christopher

  Hey, I am getting intermittent issues with my site. Pages often hang with huge loading times and sometimes fail to load. The httpd error logs contain the following: [Wed Feb 23 06:54:17 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 5871 for worker proxy:reverse [Wed Feb 23 06:54:17 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 5871 for (*) [Wed Feb 23 06:54:24 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 5872 for worker proxy:reverse [Wed Feb 23 06:54:24 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Wed Feb 23 06:54:24 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 5872 for (*) [Wed Feb 23 06:59:15 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 5954 for worker proxy:reverse [Wed Feb 23 06:59:15 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized The server is currently running with 800mb free memory, so it is not caused by lack of RAM. The current number of httpd procceses is 11. This does increase as the error persists and can rise up to 25+. Also, I am running Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS). Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Many thanks, Chris.

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• Starfield Wildcard SSL Certificate Not Trusted in All Browsers

  - by Austen Cameron

  I am at a loss as to what else I might try in order to debug this issue with a Starfield Wildcard SSL Certificate. The problem is that in certain browsers (Safari or the most-updated chrome you can get for OS X 10.5.8 for example) the certificate comes up as untrusted, even on the root domain. My server setup / background info: General LAMP setup - CentOS 6.3 - on a Godaddy VPS Starfield Technologies Wildcard SSL certificate Installed using the instructions from godaddy's support pages ssl.conf lines are basically as follows: SSLCertificateFile /path/to/cert/mysite.com.cert SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/cert/mysite.key SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/cert/sf_bundle.crt Everything seemingly worked fine until the other night when I noticed the problem in OS X, I assume it's more browser version related, but have only been able to replicate it on that particular machine. What I have tried: Updating sf_bundle.crt from godaddy's cert repository and Starfield's repository versions Following This ServerFault answer from Jim Phares - changing the ChainFile line to sf_intermediate.crt from Starfield's repository Using http://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-checker.html on my url It says the domain is correctly listed on the certificate but comes up with an error that reads The certificate is not trusted in all web browsers. You may need to install an Intermediate/chain certificate to link it to a trusted root certificate. What might I try next to remedy the untrusted certificate issue? Let me know if there is any other information needed that might help debugging this issue. Thanks in advance!

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• Vserver: secure mails from a hacked webservice

  - by lukas

  I plan to rent and setup a vServer with Debian xor CentOS. I know from my host, that the vServers are virtualized with linux-vserver. Assume there is a lighthttpd and some mail transfer agent running and we have to assure that if the lighthttpd will be hacked, the stored e-mails are not readable easily. For me, this sounds impossible but may I missed something or at least you guys can validate the impossibility... :) I think basically there are three obvious approaches. The first is to encrypt all the data. Nevertheless, the server would have to store the key somewhere so an attacker (w|c)ould figure that out. Secondly one could isolate the critical services like lighthttpd. Since I am not allowed to do 'mknod' or remount /dev in a linux-vserver, it is not possible to setup a nested vServer with lxc or similar techniques. The last approach would be to do a chroot but I am not sure if it would provide enough security. Further I have not tried yet, if I am able to do a chroot in a linux-vserver...? Thanks in advance!

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• Prestashop is not saving Memcached settings

  - by ianenri

  I have a issue with the admin site of prestashop. I'm trying to activate the caching system but it doesn't save the setting. When I add a server (I'm using an Amazon ElasticCache server) saves it, but when I select the enable option and click Save, it redirects me to "Back Office Preferences Performance" but with a blank page and the admin tabs visible. I go back to those settings again and i see that the caching option is disabled. Also, there is a warning: "To use Memcached, you must install the Memcache PECL extension on your server. http://www.php.net/manual/en/memcache.installation.php" , even if i already installed memcached via yum. I tried also, by modifying the settings.inc.php file editing define('_PS_CACHE_ENABLED_', '0'); to: define('_PS_CACHE_ENABLED_', '1'); But i get 500 Internal Server Error in every page, so i prefer to leave it as before. Any ideas? I'm using PrestaShop 1.4.6.2 with Nginx 1.0.11 and PHP-FPM 5.3.8 in a CentOS 5.7 system.

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• PHP unable to load dynamic library... but it is loaded. WTF?

  - by Josh

  I have a CentOS 5.4 server with Apache 2.2.3, mod_fastcgi and PHP 5.2.11. Everything is working great, server is a production server and I've had no complaints. When I was looking in PHP's error log to diagnose a problem with a specific page, I saw the following periodically repeated over and over: [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so: undefined symbol: php_rfc1867_callback in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_get_dbh_ce in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/apc.so: undefined symbol: php_rfc1867_callback in Unknown on line 0 [03-May-2010 19:54:12] PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so: undefined symbol: php_pdo_get_dbh_ce in Unknown on line 0 I am very confused because APC is loaded, I can see it in the output of phpinfo(). And by the look of these error messages nothing should be working at all. Yet sites seem to be running fine. How can I track down the source of this error?

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• Secure iptables config for Samba

  - by Eric

  I'm trying to setup an iptables config such that outbound connections from my CentOS 6.2 server are allowed ONLY if they are of state ESTABLISHED. Currently, the following setup is working great for sshd, but all the Samba rules get totally ignored for a reason I cannot figure out. iptables Bash script to setup ALL rules: # Remove all existing rules iptables -F # Set default chain policies iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP # Allow incoming SSH iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 22222 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 22222 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming Samba iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 10.1.1.0/24 -p udp --dport 137:138 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -d 10.1.1.0/24 -p udp --sport 137:138 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 10.1.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 139 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -d 10.1.1.0/24 -p tcp --sport 139 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Enable these rules service iptables restart iptables rule list after running the above script: [root@repoman ~]# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:22222 state NEW,ESTABLISHED Chain FORWARD (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp spt:22222 state ESTABLISHED Ultimately, I'm trying to restrict Samba the same way I have done for sshd. In addition, I'm trying to restrict connections to the following IP address range: 10.1.1.12 - 10.1.1.19 Can you guys offer some pointers or possibly even a full-blown solution? I've read man iptables quite extensively, so I'm not sure why the Samba rules are getting thrown out. Additionally, removing the -s 10.1.1.0/24 flags don't change the fact the rules get ignored.

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• Why do I get xfs_freeze "Operation not supported" error with ec2-consistent-snapshot? Debian Squeeze w/ext4 filesystem

  - by Michael Endsley

  I'm running the following command: [root@somehost ~]# ec2-consistent-snapshot --aws-credentials-file '/some/dir/file' --mysql --mysql-socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock' --mysql-username 'backup' --mysql-password 'password' --freeze-filesystem '/dev/xvda1' vol-xxxxxx It returns this error: xfs_freeze: cannot freeze filesystem at /dev/xvda1: Operation not supported ec2-consistent-snapshot: ERROR: xfs_freeze -f /dev/xvda1: failed(256) snap-eeb66393 xfs_freeze: cannot unfreeze filesystem mounted at /dev/xvda1: Invalid argument ec2-consistent-snapshot: ERROR: xfs_freeze -u /dev/xvda1: failed(256) This is being run on Debian Squeeze with the ext4 Linux filesystem. Can anyone explain this error to me, or what might be its cause? When googling, I found information about it needing to be executed with sudo, but I'm performing the entire operation as root. I also found some posts about trying to run it after a CentOS upgrade using yum, but the situation appeared dissimilar. It's difficult to find things referring to this situation exactly. xfs_freeze is available for use on the filesystem. Is it possible that the filesystem, despite being ext4, somehow doesn't support freezing? Sorry if I've missed some bit of StackExchange etiquette with this post -- it's my first venture here!

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• Domain with www pointing yo another site

  - by ntechi

  Recently I started Multi Sites on my VPS which is having Centos 64 bit. Currently I am having two sites live and each is working fine, Now the problem is in the URL I have the following sites: http://mbas.co.in http://u-k.in mbas was the very first site on my VPS Now in URL if I type http://mbas.co.in or http://www.mbas.co.in both redirect to my mbas website But for the second website, If in URL I type http://u-k.in then it redirects to the u-k website correctly but if I type http://www.u-k.in then it redirects me to mbas website. You can try that I have configured my DNS in this way, see the image http://i55.tinypic.com/14vlpxl.jpg And my Multi Site code is this <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/html/www.mbas.co.in ServerName mbas.co.in ErrorLog logs/mbas.co.in-error_log CustomLog logs/mbas.co.in-access_log common </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/html/u-k.in ServerName u-k.in ErrorLog logs/u-k-error_log CustomLog logs/u-k-access_log common </VirtualHost>

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• SSH garbling characters in vim/nano on remote server

  - by geerlingguy

  ... and it's driving me insane. Basically (this has been happening over the past couple months), I log into a few different CentOS servers (one Linode, another VPS, and a shared host to which I have shell access), running 5.5, 5.7, and 6, from my Mac running OS X Lion, using Terminal. Basically: $ ssh [email protected] [remote-host] $ nano somefile.txt Once I start editing the file, if I use the arrow keys to move around the cursor, or start deleting, then typing again, the cursor jumps around a bit, and if I save the file and reopen it, it's obvious that the cursor was, in fact, jumping all over the place on a line for no apparent reason. I end up getting things like "This is a neof text." When I had typed in (to the cursor-crazy editor) "This is a line of text." It's a big problem when it comes to editing configuration files, because I often have to edit one line, save and close, then reopen just to make sure that line is right... then edit another line... and it's getting quite annoying. I found Linode Lish Shell Vim and Nano rendering troubles: lines not appearing / cursor positions wrong, but I don't know if that relates much, since that's specifically referring to lish.

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• VPN Error 619: Behind Cisco Router WRT310N

  - by ty91011

  I've researched a lot on all the forums and this error is too generic for any of the proposed solutions to work. I'll try to give as much detail and tried solutions. I'm running a CentOS PPTP server behind a Cisco WRT310N Router. Multiple clients from outside with different OS have failed with the same error 619, along with turning off windows firewall and disabling antivirus. I believe this is a router and IP routing issue, and not a client issue. When I connect from a client on the same router as the VPN server, it works when I use the 192. network address- but doesn't work with the public IP address. I've tried telnet to port 1723 from an outside server and I get in. I've opened up the VPN port (1723) on the router, VPN udp port (500), and the GRE port (47) to route to the VPN server's ip. Also, the server's router is behind a DSL modem. I had a glimmer of hope when this site: http://www.chicagotech.net/casestudy/vpnerror619.htm suggested that the PPoE authentication should reside on the router and not the modem. But I still came up empty. So does anybody know what the problem is?

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• Qmail Patching Makes me Nervous

  - by JM4

  We have a system running CentOS 5 with Plesk 8.6 and Qmail running. Our primary domain is hosted through Media Temple. When Plesk and Qmail are hosted on a single Dedicated Virtual server, it reads the primary server IP and domain and reports that when sending emails from the system. Our pages are written in PHP so we are using the mail() function. While our email goes out to everybody, several enterprise email domains reject our email because it shows a different originating IP (our primary server IP and domain) than the domain we list in the 'from' address. This is not modifiable. Every domain we own of course does have its own IP as well underneath our primary server IP. I have seen several places online that provide a patch, specifically - which allows Domain Binding: "DomainBindings -- For servers that host multiple domains or have multiple IP addresses assigned to them, it is sometimes useful (or important) to have qmail use a specific IP address for its outgoing mail. By default, qmail uses whatever address the OS chooses for all outbound connections. With this patch, you can specify which address to use. It uses a control file similar to smtproutes to specify the outbound IP address to use, based on the sender's domain (local copy) (pyropus.ca)" Qmail Link First off I do not have netqmail installed so I'll need to find another source, but also I am completely unfamiliar with applying patches to qmail. Will I lose email services if I patch? Is it a simple apply and use process? Will my existing email accounts and data be restored after the patch? I am very, very new to unix/linux so this does make me a bit nervous but I am the only person who can make the change and it is one our company "HAS" to have. Any ideas?

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• Cant connect to MySQL server from Java application

  - by RN

  This is on VPS\Centos server. The MySQL server is pre configured. I am running the Java application on Tomcat My Java web application is not able to connect to the MySQL server. I get an error - "Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused" I suspect this to be a configuration problem rather than a coding problem- hence I have posted this on ServerFault And yes, The same web-app is able to connect to MySQL on a different linux box This is the URL that I provided to my Java application (note- it assumes default port) url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/pickupgames" My first suspicion was that I am running on a non-default port So I tried to find the port where mySQL server is running I tried every trick mentioned in http://serverfault.com/questions/116100/how-to-check-what-port-mysql-is-running-on But no luck ! SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'PORT'; This shows port 0 netstat -tlnp doesn't show mysql at all /etc/my.cnf It has no port entry telnet localhost 3306 Doesn't connect And in case you are wondering if mysql server is running at all or not It is And I know for sure, because I have been able to login using the mysql command Also # ps -ef|grep 'mysql' root 31839 27662 0 00:49 pts/3 00:00:00 grep mysql root 32452 1 0 Apr02 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking mysql 32504 32452 0 Apr02 ? 00:00:06 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --skip-external-locking --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking Please note the --skip-networking parameter Does this have something to do with the issue ? Any explanation why I cant connect to mysql server on port 3306 by telnet? Or why it docent show up under netstat? Any suggestion on whet I should try next ?

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• How to use most of memory available on MySQL

  - by Zilvinas

  I've got a MySQL server which has both InnoDB and MyISAM tables. InnoDB tablespace is quite small under 4 GB. MyISAM is big ~250 GB in total of which 50 GB is for indexes. Our server has 32 GB of RAM but it usually uses only ~8GB. Our key_buffer_size is only 2GB. But our key cache hit ratio is ~95%. I find it hard to believe.. Here's our key statistics: | Key_blocks_not_flushed | 1868 | | Key_blocks_unused | 109806 | | Key_blocks_used | 1714736 | | Key_read_requests | 19224818713 | | Key_reads | 60742294 | | Key_write_requests | 1607946768 | | Key_writes | 64788819 | key_cache_block_size is default at 1024. We have 52 GB's of index data and 2GB key cache is enough to get a 95% hit ratio. Is that possible? On the other side data set is 200GB and since MyISAM uses OS (Centos) caching I would expect it to use a lot more memory to cache accessed myisam data. But at this stage I see that key_buffer is completely used, our buffer pool size for innodb is 4gb and is also completely used that adds up to 6GB. Which means data is cached using just 1 GB? My question is how could I check where all the free memory could be used? How could I check if MyISAM hits OS cache for data reads instead of disk?

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• Dual Xeon Server voltages are low

  - by Mindflux

  I've got a whitebox server running CentOS 5.7. It's a Dual Xeon 5620, 24GB of RAM. The mainboard is a SuperMicro X8DT6-F and the chassis is a SC825TQ-R720LPB. Dual 720W Power supplies. We had a big power outage a couple weeks back that took down everything, I don't have any pre-power outage figures for this server, and the only reason I noticed these is because when I was bringing up the servers I was checking them out with more scrutiny than usual. http://i.imgur.com/rSjiw.png (Image of voltage readings) As you can see, CPU1 DIMM is low, +3.3V is high, 3.3VSB is high, +5v is high, +12v is REAL LOW (out of normal 5% (plus/minus))... and VBAT is off the charts. With my whitebox VAR we've tried the following: Swap out PSU with another server I have with the same PSUs. Try different power cord Update BMC/IPMI firmware in case readings were wrong (They aren't) Update BIOS Try different PDU Try a different outlet and/or circuit Replaced Voltage Regulator Unit At this point, the only thing we haven't done, seemingly is replace the mainboard.. which is what the next step will be unless something else shines some light on the situation. I should mention the system is rock solid otherwise which is a surprise given the 12v voltage is that far off.

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• Control Panel for MySQL and PostgreSQL server

  - by jfreak53

  I am looking for a control panel for a CentOS system that will allow me to add user's that can control their "own" MySQL and PostgreSQL Databases. I don't want to have to spend the $25 a month for cpanel on a dedicated to do this. Plus cPanel comes with all the rest like webserver and email that I don't need these to have. Basically I want to be able to create users that can create their own databases and only see those that they have created. I want to be able to control their disk space as with most panels. They need to be able to create their own DB users as well. Kloxo won't work as it doesn't natively support PostgreSQL. I tried straight PHPMyAdmin, but it won't let the user's create their own DB's unless they can also see everyone else's. VirtualMin I just can't get to work at all! ha ha I installed it an though it works great for itself if a user signs into Usermin they can see all DB's. If they sign into PHPMyAdmin (which basically means any program that directly connects to MySQL) they see all DB's. If they login to virtualmin then yes, they only see their's. But that won't work. I can't seem to think of another way to do this. I can use webmin and usermin directly but PHPMyAdmin again let's the user's I create either see only one DB and create none, or see all DB's. So that sound's like a permission problem in MySQL and PostgreSQL.

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• Migrating to Amazon AWS etc: What key statistics/questions should be analyzed and asked?

  - by cerd

  I searched SOverflow pretty extensively for something similar to this set of questions. BACKGROUND: We are a growing 'big(ish)' data chemical data company that are outgrowing our lab and our dedicated production workhorses. Make no mistake, we need to do some serious query optimization. Our data (It comes from a certain govt. agency so the schema and lack of indexing is atrocious). So yes, I know, AWS or EC2 is not a silver bullet in the face of spending time to maybe rework your queries/code entirely 'out of the box'. With that said I would appreciate any input on the following questions: We produce on CentOS and lab on Ubuntu LTS which I prefer especially with their growing cloud / AWS integration. If we are mysql centric, and our biggest problem is these big cartesian products that produce slow queries, should we roll out what we know after more optimization with respect to Ubuntu/mySQL with the added Amazon horsepower? Or is there some merit to the NoSQL and other technologies they offer? What are the key metrics I need to gather from apache and mysql other than like: Disk I/O operations, Data up/down avgs and trends and special high usage periods/scenarios? I've reviewed AWS/EC2 fine print, but want 2nd opinions. What other services aside from the basic web/database have proven valuable to you? I know nothing of Hadoop or many other technologies they offer, echoing my prev. question, do you sometimes find it worth it (Initially having it be a gamble aside from basic homework) to dive/break into a whole new environment and try to/or end up finding a way of more efficiently producing your data/site product? Anything I should watch out for in projecting costs, or any other general advice when working with AWS folks from anyone else where your company is very niche and very very technical (Scientifically - or anybody for that matter)? Thanks very much for your input - I think this thread could be valuable to others as well.

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