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• How to determine the source of a request in a distributed service system?

  - by Kabumbus

  Map/Reduce is a great concept for sorting large quantities of data at once. What to do if you have small parts of data and you need to reduce it all the time? Simple example - choosing a service for request. Imagine we have 10 services. Each provides services host with sets of request headers and post/get arguments. Each service declares it has 30 unique keys - 10 per set. service A: name id ... Now imagine we have a distributed services host. We have 200 machines with 10 services on each. Each service has 30 unique keys in there sets. but now to find to which service to map the incoming request we make our services post unique values that map to that sets. We can have up to or more than 10 000 such values sets on each machine per each service. service A machine 1 name = Sam id = 13245 ... service A machine 1 name = Ben id = 33232 ... ... service A machine 100 name = Ron id = 777888 ... So we get 200 * 10 * 30 * 30 * 10 000 == 18 000 000 000 and we get 500 requests per second on our gateway each containing 45 items 15 of which are just noise. And our task is to find a service for request (at least a machine it is running on). On all machines all over cluster for same services we have same rules. We can first select to which service came our request via rules filter 10 * 30. and we will have 200 * 30 * 10 000 == 60 000 000. So... 60 mil is definitely a problem... I hope to get on idea of mapping 30 * 10 000 onto some artificial neural network alike Perceptron that outputs 1 if 30 words (some hashes from words) from the request are correct or if less than Perceptron should return 0. And I’ll send each such Perceptron for each service from each machine to gateway. So I would have a map Perceptron <-> machine for each service. Can any one tall me if my Perceptron idea is at least “sane”? Or normal people do it some other way? Or if there are better ANNs for such purposes?

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• Am I deluding myself? Business analyst transition to programmer

  - by Ryan

  Current job: Working as the lead business analyst for a Big 4 firm, leading a team of developers and testers working on a large scale re-platforming project (4 onshore dev, 4 offshore devs, several onshore/offshore testers). Also work in a similar capacity on other smaller scale projects. Extent of my role: Gathering/writing out requirements, creating functional specifications, designing the UI (basically mapping out all front-end aspects of the system), working closely with devs to communicate/clarify requirements and come up with solutions when we hit roadblocks, writing test cases (and doing much of the testing), working with senior management and key stakeholders, managing beta testers, creating user guides and leading training sessions, providing key technical support. I also write quite a few macros in Excel using VBA (several of my macros are now used across the entire firm, so there are maybe around 1000 people using them) and use SQL on a daily basis, both on the SQL compact files the program relies on, our SQL Server data and any Access databases I create. The developers feel that I am quite good in this role because I understand a lot about programming, inherent system limitations, structure of the databases, etc so it's easier for me to communicate ideas and come up with suggestions when we face problems. What really interests me is developing software. I do a fair amount of programming in VBA and have been wanting to learn C# for awhile (the dev team uses C# - I review code occasionally for my own sake but have not had any practical experience using it). I'm interested in not just the business process but also the technical side of things, so the traditional BA role doesn't really whet my appetite for the kind of stuff I want to do. Right now I have a few small projects that managers have given me and I'm finding new ways to do them (like building custom Access applications), so there's a bit here and there to keep me interested. My question is this: what I would like to do is create custom Excel or Access applications for small businesses as a freelance business (working as a one-man shop; maybe having an occasional contractor depending on a project's complexity). This would obviously start out as a part-time venture while I have a day job, but eventually become a full-time job. Am I deluding myself to thinking I can go from BA/part-time VBA programmer to making a full-time go of a freelance business (where I would be starting out just writing custom Excel/Access apps in VBA)? Or is this type of thing not usually attempted until someone gains years of full-time programming experience? And is there even a market for these types of applications amongst small businesses (and maybe medium-sized) businesses?

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• Another Custom Property Locator: a Library of Books

  - by Cindy McMullen

  Introduction The previous post gave an introduction to custom property locators and showed how create one using JDeveloper.  This post continues on the custom locator theme, with a slightly more complex locator: a library of books.  It demonstrates using the DAO pattern to delegate data access from the Locator, which is likely how many actual backing stores will integrate with the Locator.  You can imagine, rather than a library of books, the data store might be a user database of sorts.  The same sort of pattern would apply. This post uses the BookLocator example originally shown in the WebCenter documentation, but has: updated the source code to reflect the final Property APIs includes the steps for generating the namespace and property definition files via JDeveloper detailed usage of the PropertyService APIs Getting Started If you're new to JDeveloper, you might want to check out this tutorial.  There is also the "Jump-Start to using Personalization" blog post that you might find useful.  Otherwise, if you're already familiar with both, you can skip those tutorials and jump right in to using JDeveloper. Download the BookLocator.zip file (which has been updated from the original post) and unzip it to a new directory.  Start JDeveloper, navigate to the BookLocator.jws file, and open it.   It should look something like this: The Properties Namespace file contains the property definitions and property set definitions you define.  It is explained more in detail in the Namespace documentation.  Although this example doesn't show it, the property set definitions have the ability to reference multiple locators per property.   This can be done by right-clicking on the 'Locator Info' box.  Configure the contents of the Locator Map  by editing locators and mapping them to available property names in the property set definition. Compiling, deploying, and running your locator The rest of the steps in this tutorial basically follow those in the previous blog on custom locators, and won't be repeated here.   A scenario to invoke your locator is included with the sample app: see BookProperties.scenarios_diagram above.  Summary This post demonstrates a simple library of books accessed by the BookPropertyLocator via the DAO layer.  This is a useful pattern for more realistic property retrievals, such as a backing user store.  It also points out the possibility of retrieving properties from multiple locators, which would be quite handy to retrieve user attributes from multiple sources.

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• PL/SQL to delete invalid data from token Strings

  - by Jie Chen

  Previous article describes how to delete the duplicated values from token string in bulk mode. This one extends it and shows the way to delete invalid data. Scenario Support we have page_two and manufacturers tables in database and the table DDL is: SQL> desc page_two; Name NULL? TYPE ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------ MULTILIST04 VARCHAR2(765) SQL> SQL> desc manufacturers; Name NULL? TYPE ----------------------------------------- -------- ------ ID NOT NULL NUMBER NAME VARCHAR In table page_two, column multilist04 stores a token string splitted with common. Each token represent a valid ID in manufacturers table. My expectation is to delete invalid token strings from page_two.multilist04, which have no mapping id in manufacturers.id. For example in below SQL result: ,6295728,33,6295729,6295730,6295731,22, , value 33 and 22 are invalid data because there is no ID equals to 33 or 22 in manufacturers table. So I need to delete 33 and 22. SQL> col rowid format a20; SQL> col multilist04 format a50; SQL> select rowid, multilist04 from page_two; ROWID MULTILIST04 -------------------- -------------------------------------------------- AAB+UrADfAAAAhUAAI ,6295728,6295729,6295730,6295731, AAB+UrADfAAAAhUAAJ ,1111,6295728,6295729,6295730,6295731, AAB+UrADfAAAAhUAAK ,6295728,111,6295729,6295730,6295731, AAB+UrADfAAAAhUAAL ,6295728,6295729,6295730,6295731,22, AAB+UrADfAAAAhUAAM ,6295728,33,6295729,6295730,6295731,22, SQL> select id, encode_name from manufacturers where id in (1111,11,22,33); No rows selected SQL> Solution As there is no existing SPLIT function or related in PL/SQL, I should program it by myself. I code Split intermediate function which is used to get the token value between current splitter and next splitter. Next program is main entry point, it get each column value from page_two.multilist04, process each row based on cursor. When it get each multilist04 value, it uses above Split function to get each token string stored to singValue variant, then check if it exists in manufacturers.id. If not found, set fixFlag to 1, pending to be deleted.

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• Develop web site from existing software or cherry pick and use a web framework?

  - by erisco

  A small team and I are tasked with developing a web site. The client has referenced a particular open source project (we'll call it X) when describing some of the features. Because of this, the team wants to start with X and adapt it to satisfy the client. I have looked at X and its code and, in my opinion, it would be unwise. However, my experience is limited, and could really benefit from the insights of others so that I can figure out what I should be asserting as the right direction for the team. My red flags are going up and this is why. X was developed in the earlier days of PHP; 500 line blocks of code are the norm; global variables are abundant; giant switch cases are the norm for switching between which page is shown. There is no clear mapping between URL and where the code for that page sits. From a feature-set standpoint, X is actually software specialized for a different task and has dozens of features we don't need or have use for that come as core assumptions. We will be unable to adapt X through its plugin system. That said, there are a few features which can be mapped, with some modification, to suit our purposes. I believe this is the attraction the team feels. I would feel comfortable if, instead of using X directly, we lifted what is salvageable and useful to us. We can then use that code, and the same 3rd party libraries X is using, in a new code base built on top of a PHP web framework (particularly Agavi, so you understand what I mean by 'web framework'). The web framework gives us a strong MVC structure and provides the common facilities for web development, or adapters to work with 3rd party libraries that do so. We will also have a clean slate feature-wise to work from, which means we can work additively instead of subtractively. Because the code base is better structured, and contains none of what we don't need, it will be easier to document, which is a critical requirement of our client. So to summarize, the team wants to use X, whereas I want to take the bits we can from X and use a web framework instead. I want to bounce this opinion off of other's experiences so that I can be more informed. Thanks for your insight.

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• All hail the Excel Queen

  - by Tim Dexter

  An excellent question this past week from dear ol Blighty; actually from Brian at Nextgen Clearing Ltd in the big smoke (London). Brian was developing an excel template and wanted to be able to reference the data fields multiple times inside the Excel template. Damn good question and I of course has some wacky solutions, from macros and cell referencing in Excel to pre-processing the data with an XSL stylesheet to copy the data multiple times so it could be referenced multiple times. All completely outlandish, enter our Queen of Excel, Shirley from the development team. Shirley is singlehandedly responsible for the Excel templates, I put her through six months of hell a few years back, with a host of Excel template requirements. She was more than up to the challenge and has developed some great features. One of those, is the ability to use the hidden XDO_METADATA sheet to map the data to custom named fields so they can be used multiple times in the template. So simple and very neat! Excel template and regular Excel users will know that you can only use the naming function once ie the names have to be unique across the workbook so you can not reuse a cell/group name. To get around this you can just come up with as many cell names as you want and map them in the XDO_METADATA sheet to the data columns/fields in your XML data set:. For example: XDO_?DEPTNO_SUMMARY?  <?DEPTNO?> XDO_?DNAME_SUMMARY?  <?DNAME?> XDO_GROUP_?G_D_DETAIL? <xsl:for-each-group select=".//G_D" group-by="./DEPTNO"> XDO_?DEPTNO_DETAIL? <?DEPTNO?> As you can see DEPTNO has been referenced twice and mapped to different named values in the left hand column. These values can then be used to name individual cells in the Excel template. You'll also notice a mix of Publisher <? ...?> and native XSL commands. So the world is your oyster on the mapping and the complexity you might need for calculations or string manipulation. Shirley has kindly built out a sample Excel template, data and result here so you can see how it all hangs together. the XDO_METADATA sheet is hidden, just right click on the sheet names and use the Unhide command to show it.

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• EF Doesn't Like Same Named Tables

  - by Anthony Trudeau

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/tonyt/archive/2013/07/02/153327.aspxIt's another week and another restriction imposed by the Entity Framework (EF). Don't get me wrong. I like EF, but I don't like how it restricts you in different ways. At this point you may be asking yourself the question: how can you have more than one table with the same name?The answer is to have tables in different schemas. I do this to partition the data based on the area of concern. It allows security to be assigned conveniently. A lot of people don't use schemas. I love them. But this article isn't about schemas.In the situation I have two tables:Contact.PersonEmployee.PersonThe first contains the basic, more public information such as the name. The second contains mostly HR specific information. I then mapped these tables to two classes. I stuck to a Table per Class (TPC) mapping, because of problems I've had in the past implementing inheritance with EF. The following code gives you the basic contents of the classes.[Table("Person", Schema = "Employee")]public class Employee {   ...   public int PersonId { get; set; }   [ForeignKey("PersonId")]   public virtual Person Person { get; set; }}[Table("Person", Schema = "Contact")]public class Person {   [Key]   public int Id { get; set; }   ...}This seemingly simple scenario just doesn't work. The problem occurs when you try to add a Person to the DbContext. You get an InvalidOperationException with the following text:The entity types 'Employee' and 'Person' cannot share table 'People' because they are not in the same type hierarchy or do not have a valid one to one foreign key relationship with matching primary keys between them..This is interesting for a couple of reasons. First, there is no People table in my database. Second, I have used the SetInitializer method to stop a database from being created, so it shouldn't be thinking about new tables.The solution to my problem was to change the name of my Employee.Person table. I decided to name it Employee.Employee. It's not ideal, but it gets me past the EF limitation. I hope that this article will help someone else that has the same problem.

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• Port forwarding on Fortigate 50B

  - by sindre j

  I have serious problems setting up port forwarding on a Fortigate 50B. The unit is basically running as factory default, the wan1 interface is connected to my fibre optic internet modem, and my lan is connected to the internal switch of the Fortigate. The factory default firewall policy allowing traffic from the internal interface to wan1 is kept and I'm able to access the interet as normal. Then I added a virtual ip and a firewall policy for allowing access from the internet to my local servers (ip 192.168.9.51) webserver (standard port 80). The settings I made are as follows. Edit Virtual IP Mapping Name : Server VIP External interface : wan1 Type : Static NAT Extermal IP Address/Range : 0.0.0.0 Mapped IP Address/Range : 192.168.9.51 Port Forwading : not checked Firewall policy Source interface/Zone : wan1 Source address : all Destination interface/Zone : internal Destination address : Server VIP Schedule : always Service : HTTP Action : ACCEPT no other settings checked What happens now is that I'm unable to access internet from my server, I'm not getting through to the webserver from internet either. I'm able to ping a site on the outside, but all web traffic is blocked, both ways. I've checked the documentation, but as far as I can tell I have set this up correctly. Anyone here with knowledge of Fortigate port forwading/NAT?

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• Nginx as a proxy to Tomcat

  - by user36812

  Pardon me, this is my first attempt at Nginx-Jetty instead of Apache-JK-Tomcat. I deployed myapp.war file to $JETTY_HOME/webapps/, and the app is accessible at the url: http://myIP:8080/myapp I did a default installation of Nginx, and the default Nginx page is accessible at myIP Then, I modified the default domain under /etc/nginx/sites-enabled to the following: server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { #root /var/www/nginx-default; #index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/myapp/; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /var/www/nginx-default; } } Now I get the index page of mypp (running in jetty) when I hit myIP, which is good. But all the links are malformed. eg. The link to css is mydomain.com/myapp/css/style.css while what it should have been is mydomain.com/css/style.css. It seems to be mapping mydomain.com to 127.0.0.1:8080 instead of 127.0.0.1:8080/myapp/ Any idea what am missing? Do I need to change anything on the Jetty side too?

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• Xorg server won't start after fresh install of Debian 5.04, screen goes blank (Intel Atom D510(Pinet

  - by Kamil Zadora

  Hello, I have installed Debian 5.04 Lenny on my new Intel D510MO motheboard. I fixed some issues with incorrect drive mapping (for some reason during installation my hdd was on sdb, after a restart it is under sda - fixed in grub), and now I am struggling with getting graphical enviroment up and running, I installed the graphical enviroment using the Debian installer. I am not an linux expert by any means, I assume that I need to edit the xorg.conf file. Any hints appreciated! UPDATE1: No change after dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg Here is my current xorg.conf: # xorg.conf (X.Org X Window System server configuration file) # # This file was generated by dexconf, the Debian X Configuration tool, using # values from the debconf database. # # Edit this file with caution, and see the xorg.conf manual page. # (Type "man xorg.conf" at the shell prompt.) # # This file is automatically updated on xserver-xorg package upgrades *only* # if it has not been modified since the last upgrade of the xserver-xorg # package. # # If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated # again, run the following command: # sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Generic Keyboard" Driver "kbd" Option "XkbRules" "xorg" Option "XkbModel" "pc105" Option "XkbLayout" "pl" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Configured Mouse" Driver "mouse" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Configured Video Device" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Configured Monitor" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Default Screen" Monitor "Configured Monitor" EndSection UPDATE2: I have installed vnc4server package. I can connect over vnc from my windows 7 laptop and i see empty desktop with terminal window open. Seems that the xserver and gdm are running but they cant talk with my GPU. I am not sure if a can use any gui tool to configure it overthe vnc, as all I see is the terminal window, no taskbars etc. UPDATE3: My current Xorg.0.log http://pastebin.pl/18918 The graphic chipset integrated into the D510 processor is Intel 945GC

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• BAT file will not run from Task Scheduler but will from Command Line

  - by wtaylor

  I'm trying to run a BAT script from Task Scheduler in Windows 2008 R2 and it runs for 3 seconds and then stops. It says it successfully completes but I know it doesn't. I can run this script from the command line directly, and it runs just fine. The bat file I'm running actually deletes files older than 7 days using "forfiles" then I'm mapping a network drive, moving the files across the network using robocopy, and then closing the network connection. I have taken the network and copy options out of the file and it still does the same thing. Here is how my file looks: rem This will delete the files from BBLEARN_stats forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\BBLEARN_stats" -m *.* -d -17 -c "cmd /c del @file" rem This will delete the files from BBLEARN_cms_doc forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\BBLEARN_cms_doc" -m *.* -d -14 -c "cmd /c del @path" rem This will delete the files from BBLEARN_admin forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\BBLEARN_admin" -m *.* -d -10 -c "cmd /c del @path" rem This will delete the files from BBLEARN_cms forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\BBLEARN_cms" -m *.* -d -10 -c "cmd /c del @path" rem This will delete the files from attendance_bb forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\attendance_bb" -m *.* -d -10 -c "cmd /c del @path" rem This will delete the files from BBLearn forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\DB_Backups\BBLEARN" -m *.* -d -18 -c "cmd /c del @path" rem This will delete the files from Logs forfiles -p "E:\BB_Maintenance_Data\logs" -m *.* -d -10 -c "cmd /c del @path" NET USE Z: \\10.20.102.225\coursebackups\BB_DB_Backups /user:cie oly2008 ROBOCOPY E:\BB_Maintenance_Data Z: /e /XO /FFT /PURGE /NP /LOG:BB_DB_Backups.txt openfiles /disconnect /id * NET USE Z: /delete /y This is happening on 2 servers when trying to run commands from inside a BAT file. The other server is giving an error if (0xFFFFFFFF) but that file is running a CALL C:\dir\dir\file.bat -options and I've used commands like that before in Server 2003. Here is the file for this file: call C:\blackboard\apps\content-exchange\bin\batch_ImportExport.bat -f backup_batch_file.txt -l 1 -t archive NET USE Z: \\10.20.102.225\coursebackups\BB_Course_Backups /user:cie oly2008 ROBOCOPY E:\ Z: /move /e /LOG+:BB_Move_Course_Backups.txt openfiles /disconnect /id * NET USE Z: /delete /y Any help would be GREAT. Thanks

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• Problems migrating software RAID 5 to new server (linux)

  - by leleu

  I have a CentOS setup with sw RAID5 that holds my data. Well, the server died, so I bought another box to migrate my drives to. Only thing is, I cannot get the RAID array rebuilt (not even sure it needs rebuilding, might just need the /dev/md0 mapping created... but I don't even know how to determine what I need!) Some details: RAID5 software (used mdadm) 4x 250GB drives (2 are SATA, 2 are EIDE -- would this matter? It worked fine in the other box...) latest CentOS distro built using mdadm I've got a decent amount of experience with standard linux stuff, but the hardware level stuff runs me in circles. I've spent some time googling and elsewhere here on SF, so please be kind for my newbie questions :). My question is this: how can I diagnose the problem? For all I know, I'm using the wrong device blocks when I try to rebuild the array, but I can't find the command to display only the devices that have some physical attachment. Is there some simple way for me to run mdadm, having it scan over all my physical drives, and say "hey, drives 2,5,6,7 are a software array, want me to mount it?" I basically just took the drives from my old box and put it into my new one. They show up in the BIOS. What steps do I need to take in order to get the array up, running, and mounted? Thanks in advance!

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• Nginx as a proxy to Jetty

  - by user36812

  Pardon me, this is my first attempt at Nginx-Jetty instead of Apache-JK-Tomcat. I deployed myapp.war file to $JETTY_HOME/webapps/, and the app is accessible at the url: http://myIP:8080/myapp I did a default installation of Nginx, and the default Nginx page is accessible at myIP Then, I modified the default domain under /etc/nginx/sites-enabled to the following: server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { #root /var/www/nginx-default; #index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/myapp/; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /var/www/nginx-default; } } Now I get the index page of mypp (running in jetty) when I hit myIP, which is good. But all the links are malformed. eg. The link to css is mydomain.com/myapp/css/style.css while what it should have been is mydomain.com/css/style.css. It seems to be mapping mydomain.com to 127.0.0.1:8080 instead of 127.0.0.1:8080/myapp/ Any idea what am missing? Do I need to change anything on the Jetty side too?

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• Scheduled tasks fail to start unless I'm logged in to the server

  - by Chuck

  Tasks need to open a CMD window and pass net use commands, then do a DIR command, pipping the output to a file on the server. Log in as either me (Sysadmin) or with one of the system accounts and task will only run if I'm physically logged into the server. Run as batch file is set in security properties for both users (me and service account), security is granted to all directories, etc. It almost acts like a scheduled task, since it is not physically connected to a display can't create a CMD window and pass the WinID so the command can be sent. I'm guessing. Anyone know of a document that explains how the server handles initiation of a window if done via scheduled task and no attached user is associated with the task? If I log onto the box and run the scheduled tasks they run fine, but produce no errors or event log entries and then just show that it ran successfully and sets the next run time. Have tried both with the run if logged in checkbox on and off and makes no difference. Other tasks work fine, except that they are acting on local drives with no display writing or updating taking place, so I'm guessing the system either can't instantiate a window if no display is connected to a logged on user, or it can't establish a point if it is trying to create a virtual screen. You'd think it is just creating a memory map and then mapping it to a device to display, but that doesn't seem to be the case, but I can find no documentation on how the system handles a scheduled task and how to invoke a fake or virtual screen that it could write to so it appears that a user was connected. Thanks This is driving me nuts and I've tried everything I can think of as well as our network boys ideas and nothing seems to work.

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• Explanation for kernel error - Eeeek! page_mapcount went negative

  - by Aditya Advani

  Internet says this is a genuine Kernel Bug but does anyone know what triggers it?? Server running CentOS x86_64 with kernel 2.6.27.24 Here is my crash output: [root@u15345757 httpdocs]# Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.506380] Eeek! page_mapcount(page) went negative! (-1) Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.517515] page pfn = d0a3 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.523814] page->flags = 10000000000083c Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.532489] page->count = 2 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.538741] page->mapping = ffff88001f01a110 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.547924] vma->vm_ops = 0x0 Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:22 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.554543] [ cut here ] Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:23 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.564528] invalid opcode: 0000 [1] SMP Message from syslogd@ at Thu Aug 6 01:42:23 2009 ... u15345757 kernel: [1145736.564528] Code: 80 e8 22 51 fd ff 48 8b 85 90 00 00 00 48 85 c0 74 19 48 8b 40 20 48 85 c0 74 10 48 8b 70 58 48 c7 c7 10 7f 7d 80 e8 fd 50 fd ff <0f> 0b eb fe 8b 77 18 41 58 5b 5d 83 e6 01 f7 de 83 c6 04 e9 df Broadcast message from root (pts/3) (Thu Aug 6 01:49:29 2009): The system is going down for reboot NOW!

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• Puppet: array in parameterized classes VS using resources

  - by Luke404

  I have some use cases where I want to define multiple similar resources that should end up in a single file (via a template). As an example I'm trying to write a puppet module that will let me manage the mapping between MAC addresses and network interface names (writing udev's persistent-net-rules file from puppet), but there are also many other similar usage cases. I searched around and found that it could be done with the new parameterised classes syntax: if implemented that way it should end up being used like this: node { "myserver.example.com": class { "network::iftab": interfaces => { "eth0" => { "mac" => "ab:cd:ef:98:76:54" } "eth1" => { "mac" => "98:76:de:ad:be:ef" } } } } Not too bad, I agree, but it would rapidly explode when you manage more complex stuff (think network configurations like in this module or any other multiple-complex-resources-in-a-single-config-file stuff). In a similar question on SF someone suggested using Pienaar's puppet-concat module but I doubt it could get any better than parameterised classes. What would be really cool and clean in the configuration definition would be something like the included host type, it's usage is simple, pretty and clean and naturally maps to multiple resources that will end up being configured in a single place. Transposed to my example it would be like: node { "myserver.example.com": interface { "eth0": "mac" => "ab:cd:ef:98:76:54", "foo" => "bar", "asd" => "lol", "eth1": "mac" => "98:76:de:ad:be:ef", "foo" => "rab", "asd" => "olo", } } ...that looks much better to my eyes, even with 3x options to each resource. Should I really be passing arrays to parameterised classes, or there is a better way to do this kind of stuff? Is there some accepted consensus in the puppet [users|developers] community? By the way, I'm referring to the latest stable release of the 2.7 branch and I am not interested in compatibility with older versions.

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• Force netsh/arp binding multicast IP addres with specific MAC address

  - by Olivier

  I would like to setup an binding from an IP address to a MAC address using netsh. Goal is to bond an IP address which is a multicast address (224.224.x.y) to a given MAC address (which is NOT the calculated one from the multicast IP address : 01:00:5e:X:Y:Z It used to work with Windows XP (was it a bug that used to be "perfect" for my needs?), but Windows 7/8/8.1 forces the MAC address to the calculated one instead of letting me put what I want! (http://nettools.aqwnet.com/ipmaccalc/ipmaccalc.php shows MAC address calculation for multicast IP address) Thus I'm doing the following. Listing existing mappings: netsh.exe interface ip show neighbors "Ethernet" Interface 12 : Ethernet Internet address Physical address Type 224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-XX-YY-ZZ static Then adding my interface mapping manually: netsh.exe interface ip add neighbors "Ethernet" "224.xxx.yyy.zzz" "00-80-EE-UU-VV-WW" Finally, listing again my mappings: netsh.exe interface ip show neighbors "Ethernet" Interface 12 : Ethernet Internet address Physical address Type 224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-XX-YY-ZZ static **224.xxx.yyy.zzz 01-00-5e-UU-VV-WW static** As you can see, the MAC Address of the second entry (the one I just made) has been dynamically replaced by the calculated MAC Address corresponding to my IP Address... Calculation is done as follow (and displayed in hexa): UU=(xxx-128) VV=yyy WW=zzz But I don't want that behavior. My IP address and MAC address cannot be changed, and I must associate them accurately. Does anybody know how to disable MAC address substitution/calculation in netsh? Thanks, Olivier.

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• How to rip AVI from VOB using ffmpeg

  - by Linux Jedi

  I am trying to convert a VOB to an AVI. I have ripped an AVI from this VOB before using ffmpeg, but for some reason it's not working this time. This is what I tried: ffmpeg -sameq -acodec copy -i VTS_01_2.VOB output.avi This is the output I get: FFmpeg version 0.6.1, Copyright (c) 2000-2010 the FFmpeg developers built on Dec 29 2010 18:02:10 with gcc 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664) configuration: libavutil 50.15. 1 / 50.15. 1 libavcodec 52.72. 2 / 52.72. 2 libavformat 52.64. 2 / 52.64. 2 libavdevice 52. 2. 0 / 52. 2. 0 libswscale 0.11. 0 / 0.11. 0 [mpeg2video @ 0x101014200]mpeg_decode_postinit() failure Last message repeated 6 times Input #0, mpeg, from 'VTS_01_2.VOB': Duration: 26:30:29.20, start: 140.171311, bitrate: 90 kb/s Stream #0.0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video, yuv420p, 720x480 [PAR 32:27 DAR 16:9], 9800 kb/s, 31.44 fps, 29.97 tbr, 90k tbn, 59.94 tbc Stream #0.1[0xa0]: Audio: pcm_s16be, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1536 kb/s Output #0, avi, to 'output.avi': Metadata: ISFT : Lavf52.64.2 Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 720x480 [PAR 32:27 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 29.97 tbn, 29.97 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: pcm_s16be, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, 1536 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?)

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• BES Express - configure MDS to push messages from 3rd party web application

  - by Max Gontar

  Hi! I have developed IIS web service to send PAP messages using Blackberry Push API over MDS. And there is an application installed on device, configured to receive push messages on appropriate port. Everything works well on MDS simulator. But it's not working well in real environment: I have installed BES Express and register several devices. I can browse MDS url with appropriate port, so url is correct. Also port enabled for reliable pushes is used in push message and in device application. Here is MDS simulator log: <2011-01-12 14:00:03.456 EET>:[272]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = PapServlet: request from 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 564 bytes...> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.476 EET>:[273]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Mapping PAP request to push request for pushID:pushID:asdas> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.479 EET>:[274]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = PushServlet: POST request from [UNKNOWN @ 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] to [PAPDEST=WAPPUSH%3D2100000A%253A100%2FTYPE%3DUSER%40rim.net&PORT=100&REQUESTURI=/] : -1 bytes...> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.480 EET>:[275]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = submitting push message with id:pushID:asdas> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.482 EET>:[276]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Executing push submit command for pushID:pushID:asdas> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.483 EET>:[278]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Pushing message to: 2100000a> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.484 EET>:[279]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Number of active push connections:1> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.489 EET>:[280]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = added server-initiated connection = -872546301, push id = pushID:asdas> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.491 EET>:[281]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Available threads in DefaultJobPool = 9 running JobRunner: DefaultJobRunner-7> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.494 EET>:[282]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = ReceivedFromServer, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION => <2011-01-12 14:00:03.494 EET>:[282]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = ReceivedFromServer, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Transmission Line Section]:> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.494 EET>:[282]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = ReceivedFromServer, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = POST / HTTP/1.1> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.494 EET>:[282]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = ReceivedFromServer, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Headers Section]: 8 headers> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.494 EET>:[282]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = ReceivedFromServer, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Parameters Section]: 3 parameters> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.499 EET>:[283]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = SentToDevice, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION => <2011-01-12 14:00:03.499 EET>:[283]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = SentToDevice, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Transmission Line Section]:> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.499 EET>:[283]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = SentToDevice, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = POST / HTTP/1.1> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.499 EET>:[283]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = SentToDevice, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Headers Section]: 9 headers> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.499 EET>:[283]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, HANDLER = HTTP, EVENT = SentToDevice, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, HTTPTRANSMISSION = [Parameters Section]: 3 parameters> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.501 EET>:[284]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Finished JobRunner: DefaultJobRunner-7, available threads in DefaultJobPool = 10, time spent = 8ms> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.521 EET>:[287]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = CreatedSendingQueue, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.526 EET>:[290]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = Sending, TAG = 1288699908, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a, VERSION = 16, CONNECTIONID = -872546301, SEQUENCE = 0, TYPE = NOTIFY-REQUEST, CONNECTIONHANDLER = http, PROTOCOL = TCP, PARAMETERS = [MGONTAR/10.10.0.35:100], SIZE = 339> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.531 EET>:[291]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Number of active push connections:0> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.591 EET>:[292]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = Notification, TAG = 1288699908, STATE = DELIVERED> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.600 EET>:[296]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, EVENT = Device connections: AVG latency (msecs)79> <2011-01-12 14:00:03.600 EET>:[297]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, Removed push connection:-872546301> <2011-01-12 14:00:07.015 EET>:[298]:<MDS-CS_MDS>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = RemovedSendingQueue, DEVICEPIN = 2100000a> And here is real MDS log: <2011-01-12 11:35:02.763 GMT>:[3932]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, PapServlet: request from 192.168.1.241 583 bytes...> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.897 GMT>:[3933]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Mapping PAP request to push request for pushID:pushID:sdfsdfwerwer> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.909 GMT>:[3934]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, PushServlet: POST request from [UNKNOWN @ 192.168.1.241] to [PAPDEST=WAPPUSH%3D22D7F6BD%253A7874%2FTYPE%3DUSER%40rim.net&PORT=7874&REQUESTURI=/]> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.909 GMT>:[3934]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<push id: pushID:sdfsdfwerwer> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.910 GMT>:[3935]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, submitting push message with id:pushID:sdfsdfwerwer> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.910 GMT>:[3936]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Executing push submit command for pushID:pushID:sdfsdfwerwer> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.911 GMT>:[3937]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Pushing message to: 22d7f6bd> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.912 GMT>:[3938]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Number of active push connections:1> <2011-01-12 11:35:02.931 GMT>:[3939]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, added server-initiated connection = -1848311806, push id = pushID:sdfsdfwerwer> <2011-01-12 11:35:03.240 GMT>:[3940]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = CreatedSendingQueue, DEVICEPIN = 22d7f6bd, USERID = u3> <2011-01-12 11:35:03.241 GMT>:[3941]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = Sending, TAG = 536543251, DEVICEPIN = 22d7f6bd, USERID = u3, VERSION = 16, CONNECTIONID = -1848311806, SEQUENCE = 0, TYPE = NOTIFY-REQUEST, CONNECTIONHANDLER = http, PROTOCOL = TCP, PARAMETERS = [LDN-Server1/192.168.1.240:7874], SIZE = 383> <2011-01-12 11:35:03.241 GMT>:[3942]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Number of active push connections:0> <2011-01-12 11:35:03.253 GMT>:[3943]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SRP, SRPID = S27700165[LDN-SERVER1:3200], EVENT = Sending, VERSION = 1, COMMAND = SEND, TAG = 536543251, SIZE = 570> <2011-01-12 11:35:03.838 GMT>:[3944]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SRP, SRPID = S27700165[LDN-SERVER1:3200], EVENT = Receiving, VERSION = 1, COMMAND = STATUS, TAG = 536543251, SIZE = 10, STATE = DELIVERED> <2011-01-12 11:35:04.104 GMT>:[3945]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = Notification, TAG = 536543251, STATE = DELIVERED> <2011-01-12 11:35:04.121 GMT>:[3946]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Device connections: AVG latency (msecs)893> <2011-01-12 11:35:04.135 GMT>:[3947]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<INFO >:<LAYER = IPPP, DEVICEPIN = 22d7f6bd, DOMAINNAME = LDN-Server1/192.168.1.240, CONNECTION_TYPE = PUSH_CONN, ConnectionId = -1848311806, DURATION(ms) = 1151, MFH_KBytes = 0, MTH_KBytes = 0.374, MFH_PACKET_COUNT = 0, MTH_PACKET_COUNT = 1> <2011-01-12 11:35:04.144 GMT>:[3948]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, Removed push connection:-1848311806> <2011-01-12 11:35:09.264 GMT>:[3949]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = IPPP, EVENT = RemovedSendingQueue, DEVICEPIN = 22d7f6bd, USERID = u3> <2011-01-12 11:35:58.187 GMT>:[3950]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SRP, SRPID = S27700165[LDN-SERVER1:3200], EVENT = Sending, VERSION = 1, COMMAND = INFO, SIZE = 46> <2011-01-12 11:35:58.187 GMT>:[3951]:<MDS-CS_LDN-SERVER1_MDS-CS_1>:<DEBUG>:<LAYER = SCM, Sent health to S27700165[LDN-SERVER1:3200] Health=[0x 0000 0007 0000 0000],Mask=[0x 0000 0007 0000 0000],Load=[60]> As you can see, logs not really differs, message is marked as delivered. But my app on device not really gets this message (as it works in mds simulator) Please advice me, what may be wrong? Is there some certificate to install or security settings I should configure to make this push message came to device application? Thank you! same question on bbforums

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• How can I explain to dspam that the user "brandon" is the same as "brandon@mydomain"

  - by Brandon Craig Rhodes

  I am using dspam for spam filtering by running the "dspamd" daemon under Ubuntu 9.10 and then setting up a Postfix rule that says: smtpd_recipient_restrictions = ... check_client_access pcre:/etc/postfix/dspam_everything ... where that PCRE map looks like this: /./ FILTER lmtp:[127.0.0.1]:11124 This works well, and means that all users on my system get all of their email, whether "dspam" thinks it is innocent or not, and have the option of filtering on its decisions or ignoring them. The problem comes when I want to train dspam using my email archives. After reading about the "dspam" command, I tried this on the files in my Inbox and spam boxes (which date from when I was using another filtering solution): for file in Mail/Inbox/*; do cat $file | dspam --class=innocent --source=corpus; done for file in Mail/spam/*; do cat $file | dspam --class=spam --source=corpus; done The symptom I noticed after doing all of this was that dspam was horrible at classifying spam — it couldn't find any! The problem, when I tracked it down, was that I was training the user "brandon" with the above commands, but the incoming email was instead compared against the username "brandon@mydomain", so it was running against a completely empty training database! So, what can I do to make the above commands actually train my fully-qualified email address rather than my bare username? I would like to avoid having to run "dspam" as root with a "--user" option. I would have expected that the "dspam" configuration files would have had an "append_domain" attribute or something with which to decorate local usernames with an appropriate email domain, but I can't find any such thing. When I used to use the Berkeley DB backend to "dspam", I solved this problem by creating a symlink from one of the databases to the other. :-) But that solution eventually died because the BDB backend is not thread-safe, so now I have moved to the PostgreSQL back-end and need a way to solve the problem there. And, no, the table where it keeps usernames has a UNIQUE constraint that prevents me from listing both usernames as mapping to the same ID. :-)

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• Apache ProxyPassReverse and https

  - by joshuaball

  Hi, I would like to map all traffic on 80 and 443 from foo.com to an internal server: 192.168.1.101. I have a VirtualHost (Apache 2.2 on Ubuntu) setup as follows (note, I had to break up the hyperlinks below because I am a 'new user'): <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName foo.com ServerAlias *.foo.com ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass / http://192.168.1.101/ ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.1.101/ </VirtualHost> And that works great for http traffic. However, I can't seem to do the same thing for https. I have tried: Changing VirtualHost *:80 to * - but that doesn't work (I need it http-http and https-https) Creating a new VirtualHost entry for *:443 that redirects to http://192.168.1.101/, but that fails as well (browser timeouts) I did some searching, here and elsewhere, and the closest question I could find was this, but that didn't quite answer it. Also, just out of curiosity, I tried mapping all ports to https (by changing the two ProxyPass lines from http to https (and removing the :80 from VH), and that didn't work either. How would you do that as well? Any thoughts? Thanks in advance.

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• LDAP not showing secondary groups

  - by Sandy Dolphinaura

  Currently, I have a LDAP server (running ClearOS if that makes any difference) containing a database of users. So, I went and setup LDAP on a couple of my debian VMs, using libpam-ldapd and I discovered this odd problem. My group/user mapping would show up when running getent group but the secondary groups would not show up when running id . Here is my /etc/nslcd.conf # /etc/nslcd.conf # nslcd configuration file. See nslcd.conf(5) # for details. # The user and group nslcd should run as. uid nslcd gid nslcd # The location at which the LDAP server(s) should be reachable. uri ldaps://10.3.0.1 # The search base that will be used for all queries. base dc=pnet,dc=sandyd,dc=me # The LDAP protocol version to use. #ldap_version 3 # The DN to bind with for normal lookups. binddn cn=manager,ou=internal,dc=pnet,dc=sandyd,dc=me bindpw Me29Dakyoz8Wn2zI # The DN used for password modifications by root. #rootpwmoddn cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com # SSL options ssl on tls_reqcert never # The search scope. #scope sub #filter group (&(objectClass=group)(gidNumber=*)) map group uniqueMember member

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• Looking for a comprehensive/"expert" guide to BCD parameters

  - by Stilez

  I'm interested in educating myself about BCD on Windows 8. There are many, many "walkthrough" guides" and "howtos", but I can't find any guides at typical "enthusiast" level covering what each option or argument in a BCD /ENUM dump might mean, and the principles governing how these all work together. Imagine trying to rebuild or debug BCD (including EFI/BIOS variants and recovery/hibernate/memtest sections, and perhaps multiple boot Windows/WinPE/WinRE) from scratch using just BCDedit + DiskPart, and trying to understand rather than just copy/pasting commands. That's roughly the knowledge I'm after. Example questions might be: How is a BCD /ENUM dump to be read, item by item? How do its sections work together? (A lot of guides only show a specific example rather than explaining all the all common args that can exist and what they mean, they don't actually explain how sections work together, or they assume MBR/BIOS/Vista/7 and omit info needed for EFI/GPT/Dynamic disks/8) Partitions are specified by volume letter or as a \Device\HarddiskVolumeNNN. Why does it sometimes show these items as a letter and sometimes as a GUID? What are the practical differences if any? What exactly is syntax like "ramdisk=[C:]\Images\winpe.wim,{ramdiskoptions}" saying, and how will the drive letter "C" be interpreted at runtime in a line like this? Is the drive in such a line always "C:" (most examples assume so) and if not, when wouldn't it be? Many websites state that an sdi device and path may be needed in some sections of BCD, but what is sdi and what are these args doing when they appear? How does the GUID to HDD volume/partition mapping work under EFI/GPT? So that if disks or partitions/volumes change it's clear how one can confirm from basic principles whether data shown in BCD /ENUM ALL is still correct or not. Does anyone know of a suitable reference source for this kind of raw BCD data and structures? Thanks!

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• ssh keys rejected each day

  - by EddyR

  I've had OpenSSH server running on my debian server for a couple weeks and all of a sudden now when I go to login the next day it rejects my ssh key and I have to manually add a new one each time. Not only that but I have the "tunneling with clear-text passwords" option enabled and the non-root (login with root is disabled) account for that is rejected too. I'm at a loss why this is happening and I can't find any ssh options that would explain it. --update-- I just changed debug level to DEBUG. But before that I'm seeing a lot of the following in auth.log Feb 1 04:23:01 greenpages CRON[7213]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0) Feb 1 04:23:01 greenpages CRON[7213]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root ... Feb 1 04:36:26 greenpages sshd[7217]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for nat-pool-xx-xx-xx-xx.myinternet.net [xx.xx.xx.xx] failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! ... Feb 1 04:37:31 greenpages sshd[7223]: Did not receive identification string from xx.xx.xx.xx ... My sshd_conf file settings are: # Package generated configuration file # See the sshd(8) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port xxx # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel DEBUG # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin no StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords PasswordAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding no X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server UsePAM no ClientAliveInterval 60 AllowUsers myuser

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• Outlook and IMAP - Outlook doesn't allow the Drafts and Trash folders to sync with the respective IMAP folders

  - by Matt

  I'm using Outlook 2007 and Outlook 2010 against an IMAP server (the problem exists across many, like Gmail, you name it). Outlook lets you set your Outlook "Sent" folder to map to the IMAP server's Sent folder (the other choice is to map your Outlook Sent to your Personal Folders Sent) - this is good. When you send a message from Outlook and then look in the sent folder of the IMAP server (e.g. from a different client or from a browser), the messages are there. This is the behavior I want. Outlook does NOT support the same behavior for Drafts and Trash. In both cases, items deleted (or Drafts saved) in Outlook go in to Outlook's local folders and do NOT show on the IMAP server's Trash or Drafts folders. Same problem in reverse. Thunderbird on the other hand does support the proper mapping of Drafts, Sent and Trash. I expected this to be IMAP-specific but it appears to be client specific. What does Outlook implement it this way and is there a workaround?

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