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• Should websites live in /var/ or /usr/ according to recommended usage?

  - by nbolton

  According to a guide on the Linux directory structure, /usr/ is for application files, and /var/ is for files that change (I assume this means "files that belong to the applications"). Is this correct? If this is the case then I'm a little torn between using either. A website is an application (if it's dynamic, so to speak), but in other cases it is just a collection of files used by Apache. The default www dir lives in /var/www/, so should we follow suit by using /var/websites/ (or something similar), or choose /usr/websites/ since they could be applications? This is a very trivial question, but it's bugging me nonetheless. For our case, I'm leaning toward /usr/web or something like that, since our websites are all applications. Update: This is for our company websites; it's not a shared hosting server, so we don't need to worry about separating them in /home/ or anything like that.

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• How to enable mod_info in Apache?

  - by Amit Nagar

  I gone through the apache guide to enable to mod_info. As per doc: To configure mod_info, add the following to your httpd.conf file. Location /server-info SetHandler server-info /Location You may wish to use mod_access inside the directive to limit access to your server configuration information: Location /server-info SetHandler server-info Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from yourcompany.com Location Once configured, the server information is obtained by accessing http://your.host.dom/server-info In my case the this link is not giving any info. Http 404 NOT FOUND error Is there anything I need to install as mod_info.c or something ? Is there anything i need to put as AddModule or something ? In Error log : File does not exist: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/example1/server-info I have 3 virtual host. One of this as default which use example1 as Docroot dir. I am not sure where this page (server-info) should be ? in case of server-status, it's working fine

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• Entity System with C++

  - by Dono

  I'm working on a game engine using the Entity System and I have some questions. How I see Entity System : Components : A class with attributs, set and get. Sprite Physicbody SpaceShip ... System : A class with a list of components. (Component logic) EntityManager Renderer Input Camera ... Entity : Just a empty class with a list of components. What I've done : Currently, I've got a program who allow me to do that : // Create a new entity/ Entity* entity = game.createEntity(); // Add some components. entity->addComponent( new TransformableComponent() ) ->setPosition( 15, 50 ) ->setRotation( 90 ) ->addComponent( new PhysicComponent() ) ->setMass( 70 ) ->addComponent( new SpriteComponent() ) ->setTexture( "name.png" ) ->addToSystem( new RendererSystem() ); My questions Did the system stock a list of components or a list of entities ? In the case where I stock a list of entities, I need to get the component of this entities on each frame, that's probably heavy isn't it ? Did the system stock a list of components or a list of entities ? In the case where I stock a list of entities, I need to get the component of this entities on each frame, that's probably heavy isn't it ?

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• Are Get-Set methods a violation of Encapsulation?

  - by Dipan Mehta

  In an Object oriented framework, one believes there must be strict encapsulation. Hence, internal variables are not to be exposed to outside applications. But in many codebases, we see tons of get/set methods which essentially open a formal window to modify internal variables that were originally intended to be strictly prohibited. Isn't it a clear violation of encapsulation? How broadly such a practice is seen and what to do about it? EDIT: I have seen some discussions where there are two opinions in extreme: on one hand people believe that because get/set interface is used to modify any parameter, it does qualifies not be violating encapsulation. On the other hand, there are people who believe it is does violate. Here is my point. Take a case of UDP server, with methods - get_URL(), set_URL(). The URL (to listen to) property is quite a parameter that application needs to be supplied and modified. However, in the same case, if the property like get_byte_buffer_length() and set_byte_buffer_length(), clearly points to values which are quite internal. Won't it imply that it does violate the encapsulation? In fact, even get_byte_buffer_length() which otherwise doesn't modify the object, still misses the point of encapsulation, because, certainly there is an App which knows i have an internal buffer! Tomorrow, if the internal buffer is replaced by something like a *packet_list* the method goes dysfunctional. Is there a universal yes/no towards get set method? Is there any strong guideline that tell programmers (specially the junior ones) as to when does it violate encapsulation and when does it not?

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• Web server (IIS) and database mirroring (Postgresql)

  - by Timka

  Recently our web-server crashed and we had to recover everything from a backup which took the whole day(totally unacceptable in our business). So my question is, how can I create a complete mirror of the server that I can use (switch dns to) in case the same disaster happens in the future? Our main server is on Amazon with Windows 2008/IIS + Postgresql 9.1. I was thinking on creating the same server on a different location as a complete mirror with the database replication. But I'm not sure how to implement IIS instance mirroring over the internet... So my question is, how can I create a complete mirror of the server that I can use (switch dns to) in case the same disaster happens in the future?

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• Rewind print job under Windows Server 2008

  - by FooLman

  Hello, We are in the transition from Novell NetWare to Windows server 2008. In case of the printer server we print jobs thousands of pages long. NetWare printer manager has a handy function which allows to rewind a print job to a specified page. In case of a paper jam at the 750 page on a 800 page document this is really convenient. Does anybody know if there is a solution for this? The lists printed are in plain ascii lists with printer command characters embedded, and we are using dot matrix printers. Thanks for any help or suggestion. Regards.

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• when to introduce an application services tier in an n-tier application

  - by user20358

  I am developing a web based application whose primary objective is to fetch data from the database, display it on the UI, take in user inputs and write them back to the database. The application is not going to be doing any industrial strength algorithm crunching, but will be receiving a very high number of hits at peak times (described below) which will be changing thru the day. The layers are your typical Presentation, Business, Data. The data layer is taken care of by the database server. The business layer will contain the DAL component to access the database server over tcp. The choices I have to separate these layers into tiers are: The presentation and business layers can be either kept on the same tier. The presentation layer on a separate tier by itself and the business layer on a separate tier by itself. In the case of choice 2, the business layer will be accessed by the presentation layer using a WCF service either over http or tcp. I don't see any heavy processing being done on the Business layer, so I am leaning towards option 1 above. I also feel for the same reason, adding a new tier will only introduce the network latency. However, in terms of scalability in case I need to scale up or scale out, which is a better way to go? This application will need to be able to support up to 6 million users an hour. There will be a reasonable amount of data in each user session, storing user's preferences and other details. I will be using page level caching as well.

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• Can a Shadow Copy of SQL 2000 databases files be used as a restore?

  - by Keith Sirmons

  Howdy, I have a SQL 2000 instance (version 8.00.760) that is on a drive that gets regular shadow copies. Can a shadow copy be used to restore the database? It seems possible to stop the SQL service, restore the Data folder from the shadow copy (includes msdb, master, model, temp, and the user databases, then restart the service. Would the files be in a crash consistent case in the worst case? If so, when restarting the service wouldn't it recover as if the power were pulled from the server? Thank you, Keith

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• What's the term for re-implementing an old API in terms of a newer API

  - by dodgy_coder

  The reason for doing it is to solve the case when a newer API is no longer backwards compatible with an older API. To explain, just say that there is an old API v1.0. The maker of this API decides it is broken and works on a new API v1.1 that intentionally breaks compatibility with the old API v1.0. Now, any programs written against the old API cannot be recompiled as-is with the new API. Then lets say there is a large app written against the old API and the developer doesn't have access to the source code. A solution would be to re-implement a "custom" old API v1.0 in terms of the new API v1.1 calls. So the "custom" v1.0 API is actually keeping the same interface/methods as the v1.0 API but inside its implementation it is actually making calls to the new API v1.1 methods. So the large app can be then compiled and linked against the "custom" v1.0 API and the new v1.1 API without any major source code changes. Is there a term for this practice? There's a recent example of this happening in Jamie Zawinski's port of XScreenSaver to the iPhone - he re-implemented the OpenGL 1.3 API in terms of the OpenGL ES 1.1 API. In this case, OpenGL 1.3 represents the "old" API and OpenGL ES 1.1 represents the "new" API.

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• Software Architecture and Design vs Psychology of HCI class

  - by Joey Green

  I have two classes to choose from and I'm wanting to get an opinion from the more experienced game devs which might be better for someone who wants to be an indie game dev. The first is a Software Architecture and Design course and the second is a course titled Psychology of HCI. I've previously have taken a Software Design course that was focused only on design patterns. I've also taken an Introduction to HCI course. Software Architecture and Design Description Topics include software architectures, methodologies, model representations, component-based design ,patterns,frameworks, CASE-based desgins, and case studies. Psychology of HCI Description Exploration of psychological factors that interact with computer interface usablilty. Interface design techniques and usability evaluation methods are emphasized. I know I would find both interesting, but my concern is really which one might be easier to pick up on my own. I know HCI is relevant to game dev, but am un-sure if the topics in the Software Architecture class would be more for big software projects that go beyond the scope of games. Also, I'm not able to take both because the overlap.

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• Logging library for (c++) games

  - by Klaim

  I know a lot of logging libraries but didn't test a lot of them. (GoogleLog, Pantheios, the coming boost::log library...) In games, especially in remote multiplayer and multithreaded games, logging is vital to debugging, even if you remove all logs in the end. Let's say I'm making a PC game (not console) that needs logs (multiplayer and multithreaded and/or multiprocess) and I have good reasons for looking for a library for logging (like, I don't have time or I'm not confident in my ability to write one correctly for my case). Assuming that I need : performance ease of use (allow streaming or formating or something like that) reliable (don't leak or crash!) cross-platform (at least Windows, MacOSX, Linux/Ubuntu) Wich logging library would you recommand? Currently, I think that boost::log is the most flexible one (you can even log to remotely!), but have not good performance update: is for high performance, but isn't released yet. Pantheios is often cited but I don't have comparison points on performance and usage. I've used my own lib for a long time but I know it don't manage multithreading so it's a big problem, even if it's fast enough. Google Log seems interesting, I just need to test it but if you already have compared those libs and more, your advice might be of good use. Games are often performance demanding while complex to debug so it would be good to know logging libraries that, in our specific case, have clear advantages.

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• Check_webinject plugin will not connect to https site using

  - by uSlackr

  We're using Nagios to monitor some of our web sites. We have a script that uses the older plugin that we are trying to switch to using webinject.pl from cpan. When the script runs, it generates this error: LWP::Protocol::https::Socket: SSL connect attempt failed with unknown error error:1407741A:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:tlsv1 alert decode error at /usr/local/share/perl5/LWP/Protocol/http.pm line 51. It appears the web site does not support TLSv1 for https. If it matters, the site is a Cisco WebVPN. I've pointed the same script at a different site that does support TLSv1 and it seems to work fine. My web search is coming up empty. Successful connect: <case id="1" description1="Metro Home Page" description2="Metro, login test" method="get" url="https://metro.myco.com/index.php" verifypositive="restricted" logrequest="yes" logresponse="yes" sleep="1" / Failing connect: <case id="2" description1="WebVPN Home Page" description2="webvpn.myco.com login test" method="get" url="https://webvpn.myco.com/webvpn.html" verifypositive="Authorized" logrequest="yes" logresponse="yes" sleep="1" /

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• Windows 7 CRC Error When Installing Fallout 3 [closed]

  - by c00lryguy

  Earlier today, I installed Fallout 3 on Windows XP perfectly fine. Then about 2 hours ago I installed Windows 7 and I would like to install Fallout 3. But, when I try to install Fallout 3 on Win 7, I get an error while in the middle of the install: CRC Error: The File C:\Program Files\Bethesda Softworks\Fallout 3\Data\Video\B03.bik doesn't match the file in the setup's.cab file I forget the filename but it is the same each time I install. The disk literally went from the DVD-Rom to the case after the first install and straight from the case to the DVD-Rom. It's in perfect condition. My DVD-Rom is only about 2 months old and I've never had any problems with it. I don't understand what's going on. My user that I'm installing the game with is set as Administrator, as well.

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• Do or can robots cause considerable performance issues?

  - by Anicho

  So the question in the title is exactly what I am trying to find out. My case is: At work we are in a discussion with team members who seem to think bots will cause us problems relating to performance when running on our services website. Out setup: Lets say I have site www.mysite.co.uk this is a shop window to our online services which sit on www.mysiteonline.co.uk. When people search in google for mysite they see mysiteonline.co.uk as well as mysite.co.uk. Cases against stopping bots crawling: We don't store gb's of data publicly available on the web Most friendly bots, if they were to cause issues would have done so already In our instance the bots can't crawl the site because it requires username & password Stopping bots with robot .txt causes an issue with seo (ref.1) If it was a malicious bot, it would ignore robot.txt or meta tags anyway Ref 1. If we were to block mysiteonline.co.uk from having robots crawl this will affect seo rankings and make it inconvenient for users who actively search for mysite to find mysiteonline. Which we can prove is the case for a good portion of our users.

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• Catch Me If You Can

  - by Knut Vatsendvik

  Suppose you have a Proxy based Web Service using Oracle Service Bus. In a stage in the request pipeline,  you are using a Publish action to publish the incoming message to a JMS queue using a Business Service. What if the outbound transport provider throws an exception (outside of your pipeline)? Is your pipeline able to catch the error with an error handler?? This situation could occur because of a faulty connection, suspended queue, or some other reason. Here is the Request Pipeline in our simple test case. With an Error Handler added to the message flow containing a simple Log action. By default, the Publish action will invoke the service in a fire and forget fashion. Therefore any exception that occurs in the outbound transport will go unnoticed as shown in the following Invocation Trace. So what now? In a message flow, you can apply a Routing Options action to modify any or all of the following properties in the outbound request: URI, Quality of Service, Mode, Retry parameters, Message Priority. Now add the Routing Options action to the Request Action as shown below. Click the Routing Options to display its properties in the Properties View. Select the QoS option to set the Quality of Service element. Select Exactly Once to override the default setting, and Republish the project. The invocation will now block until the message is completely processed. Trying the same test case as earlier generates the following Invocation Trace showing that the Error Handler is now triggered.

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• Questioning pythonic type checking

  - by Pace

  I've seen countless times the following approach suggested for "taking in a collection of objects and doing X if X is a Y and ignoring the object otherwise" def quackAllDucks(ducks): for duck in ducks: try: duck.quack("QUACK") except AttributeError: #Not a duck, can't quack, don't worry about it pass The alternative implementation below always gets flak for the performance hit caused by type checking def quackAllDucks(ducks): for duck in ducks: if hasattr(duck,"quack"): duck.quack("QUACK") However, it seems to me that in 99% of scenarios you would want to use the second solution because of the following: If the user gets the parameters wrong then they will not be treated like a duck and there will be no indication. A lot of time will be wasted debugging why there is no quacking going on until the user finally realizes his silly mistake. The second solution would throw a stack trace as soon the user tried to quack. If the user has any bugs in their quack() method which cause an AttributeError then those bugs will be silently swallowed. Once again time will be wasted digging for the bug when the second solution would simply give a stack trace showing the immediate issue. In fact, it seems to me that the only time you would ever want to use the first method is when: The block of code in question is in an extremely performance critical section of your application. Following the principal of "avoid premature optimization" you would only realize this of course, after you had implemented the safer approach and found it to be a bottleneck. There are many types of quacking objects out there and you are only interested in quacking objects that quack with a very specific set of arguments (this seems to be a very rare case to me). Given this, why is it that so many people prefer the first approach over the second approach? What is it that I am missing? Also, I realize there are other solutions (such as using abcs) but these are the two solutions I seem to see most often for the basic case.

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• How to forward UDP Wake-on-Lan port to broadcast IP with IPTABLES?

  - by Nazgulled

  I'm trying to setup Wake-on-Lan for some of the LAN computers at home and it seems that I need to open a UDP port (7 or 9 being the most common) and forward all requests to the broadcast IP, which in my case is 192.168.1.255. The problem is that my router does not allow me to forward anything to the broadcast IP. I can connect to my router through telnet and it seems this router uses IPTABLES, but I don't know much about it or how to is. Can someone help me out with the proper iptables commands to do what I want? Also, in case it doesn't work, the commands to put everything back would be nice too. One last thing, rebooting the router will keep those manually added iptables entries or I would need to run them every time?

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• Can hard drives experience magnetic interference from a server chassis?

  - by eek142

  I'm currently building a server, and it's exhibiting the weirdest behavior with the hard drive. It is a 2U case, and I have trouble trouble accessing the Seagate SATAIII hard drive when it is in the bottom slot of the hard drive cage. The case is made of galvanized/anodized steel. I thought the drive was DOA, but then I swapped it into the top slot, and the problem was solved--the system had no trouble recognizing the drive anymore! This got me thinking: Is it possible that the magnetic field from the chassis was affecting the hard drive's functionality? I only have this problem with the mechanical hard drive, not the SSD. Could it be because the chassis is made of steel? I'm baffled.

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• Multi language site - use of canonical link and link rel="alternate"

  - by julia

  I keep reading everywhere that if you have a multilanguage site, where the same page appears in, say, French and English, then this is considered as duplicate content by google. It is written that using canonical link is the solution, but I do not understand how to use it in this case. Should I: Choose either French URL or English URL to be the canonical (main) one, and where I will place the canonical link? If so, how do I decide which of the two URLs must be canonical? both languages are important to me and I want the content under both languages to be indexed by google and served to the user, depending on the language in which he searches. OR should I place a canonical link on both French and English URLs? If so, then I do not understand the meaning of using the canonical link? In this case would both URLs be indexed, are both of them considered as "important" by google and not duplicates? Also I read that link rel="alternate" can be used to indicate to google that, for example the French URL is the French-language equivalent of the English page. This makes sense and I understand how to use such links, but how are they combined with canonical links? Should I define both the canonical URL AND specify rel="alternate" in both URLs? Could someone help me to clarify this, cause I'm stuck with this and can't seem to find a good-enough explanation in different sources.

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• How to read Scala code with lots of implicits?

  - by Petr Pudlák

  Consider the following code fragment (adapted from http://stackoverflow.com/a/12265946/1333025): // Using scalaz 6 import scalaz._, Scalaz._ object Example extends App { case class Container(i: Int) def compute(s: String): State[Container, Int] = state { case Container(i) => (Container(i + 1), s.toInt + i) } val d = List("1", "2", "3") type ContainerState[X] = State[Container, X] println( d.traverse[ContainerState, Int](compute) ! Container(0) ) } I understand what it does on high level. But I wanted to trace what exactly happens during the call to d.traverse at the end. Clearly, List doesn't have traverse, so it must be implicitly converted to another type that does. Even though I spent a considerable amount of time trying to find out, I wasn't very successful. First I found that there is a method in scalaz.Traversable traverse[F[_], A, B] (f: (A) => F[B], t: T[A])(implicit arg0: Applicative[F]): F[T[B]] but clearly this is not it (although it's most likely that "my" traverse is implemented using this one). After a lot of searching, I grepped scalaz source codes and I found scalaz.MA's method traverse[F[_], B] (f: (A) => F[B])(implicit a: Applicative[F], t: Traverse[M]): F[M[B]] which seems to be very close. Still I'm missing to what List is converted in my example and if it uses MA.traverse or something else. The question is: What procedure should I follow to find out what exactly is called at d.traverse? Having even such a simple code that is so hard analyze seems to me like a big problem. Am I missing something very simple? How should I proceed when I want to understand such code that uses a lot of imported implicits? Is there some way to ask the compiler what implicits it used? Or is there something like Hoogle for Scala so that I can search for a method just by its name?

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• Back up a single table in SQL Server

  - by BuckWoody

  SQL Server doesn’t have an easy way to take a table backup, so I often use the bcp (Bulk Copy Program) to accomplish the same goal. I’ve mentioned this before, and someone told me when they tried it they couldn’t restore the table – ah the dangers of telling people half the information! I should have mentioned that you need to have a “format file” ready if the table does not exist at the destination. In my case I already had the table, in this person’s case they did not. The format file can be used to rebuild that table structure before the data is bcp’d in, and you can read more about it here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191516.aspx There’s another way to back up a table, and that’s to create a Filegroup and place the table there. Then you can take a Filegroup backup to back up a single table. Of course, there are other methods of moving a single table’s data in an out, including SQL Server Integration Services and even the older Data Transformation Services, or simply by using hte SQLCMD or PowerShell utilities to run a query and just save the output to a file. In fact, these days I’m using a PowerShell script to build INSERT statements from that query. That could also easily be modified to create the table structure (or modify one if needed) quite easily. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• how do web hosting companies host end users domain and give so many public IPs

  - by Registered User

  Hi, I am a Computer Science guy who understands networking very well. But when it comes to Web hosting companies I am clue less. I want to know how do web hosting companies give so many public IPs to so many users and each of them has root login also. How this is technically done that is what I am interested to know. I do not know how you people configure it. In my case if I have to do I will buy a public IP from some one and connect my server to it and at max give some people SSH access to it.In case of Web hosting companies how is it done.

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• What's so difficult about SVN merges? [closed]

  - by Mason Wheeler

  Possible Duplicate: I’m a Subversion geek, why should I consider or not consider Mercurial or Git or any other DVCS? Every once in a while, you hear someone saying that distributed version control (Git, HG) is inherently better than centralized version control (like SVN) because merging is difficult and painful in SVN. The thing is, I've never had any trouble with merging in SVN, and since you only ever hear that claim being made by DVCS advocates, and not by actual SVN users, it tends to remind me of those obnoxious commercials on TV where they try to sell you something you don't need by having bumbling actors pretend that the thing you already have and works just fine is incredibly difficult to use. And the use case that's invariably brought up is re-merging a branch, which again reminds me of those strawman product advertisements; if you know what you're doing, you shouldn't (and shouldn't ever have to) re-merge a branch in the first place. (Of course it's difficult to do when you're doing something fundamentally wrong and silly!) So, discounting the ridiculous strawman use case, what is there in SVN merging that is inherently more difficult than merging in a DVCS system?

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• Should a database server be in a different VM instance as an application?

  - by orokusaki

  I'm setting up a database server as a separate VM in my server so that I can control resources, and make backups of just that instance. I own a server that will reside in a colo soon. Is this the best way to approach my DB regarding scalability? Are there any security concerns? Do I listen at localhost still, even though it's a separate instance? And, is there any benefit to running your DB (PostgreSQL in my case) in the same machine as your application (web based SAAS application in my case)?

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• OWB/ODI Users: Last Chance to Submit and Vote On Sessions for OpenWorld 2010

  - by antonio romero

  Now is the last chance for OWB and ODI users to propose new ETL/DW/DI sessions for OpenWorld! Oracle OpenWorld 2010 "Suggest a Session" lets members of the Oracle Mix community submit and vote on papers/talks for OpenWorld. The most popular session proposals will be included in the conference program. One promising OWB-related topic has already been submitted: Case Study: Real-Time Data Warehousing and Fraud Detection with Oracle 11gR2 Dr. Holger Friedrich and consultants from sumIT AG in Switzerland built a real-time data warehouse and accompanying BI system for real-time online fraud detection with very limited resources and a short schedule. His presentation will cover: How sumIT AG efficiently loads complex data feeds in real time in Oracle 11gR2 using, among others, Advanced Queues and XML DB How they lowered costs and sped up development, by leveraging the DBs development features including Oracle Warehouse Builder How they delivered a production-ready solution in a few short months using only three part-time developers Come vote for this proposal, on Oracle Mix: https://mix.oracle.com/oow10/proposals/10566-case-study-real-time-data-warehousing-and-fraud-detection-with-oracle-11gr2  I have already invited members of the OWB/ODI Linkedin group (with over 1400 members) to come vote on topics like this one and propose their own. If enough of us vote on a few topics, we are sure to get some on the agenda!  And if you have your own topics, using the Suggest-a-Session instructions here: http://wiki.oracle.com/page/Oracle+OpenWorld+2010+Suggest-a-Session If you propose a topic, don't forget to come to Linkedin and promote it! I have already sent the members of the Linkedin group an email announcement about this, and I will send another in a week, with links to all topics submitted. Thanks, all!

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