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• The Use-Case Driven Approach to Change Management

  - by Lauren Clark

  In the third entry of the series on OUM and PMI’s Pulse of the Profession, we took a look at the continued importance of change management and risk management. The topic of change management and OUM’s use-case driven approach has come up in few recent conversations. So I thought I would jot down a few thoughts on how the use-case driven approach aids a project team in managing the project’s scope. The use-case model is one of several tools in OUM that is used to establish and manage the project's scope.  Because a use-case model can be understood by both business and IT project team members, it can serve as a bridge for ongoing collaboration as well as a visual diagram that encapsulates all agreed-upon functionality. This makes it a vital artifact in identifying changes to the project’s scope. Here are some of the primary benefits of using the use-case model as part of the effort for establishing and managing project scope: The use-case model quickly communicates scope in a straightforward manner. All project stakeholders can have a common foundation for the decisions regarding architecture and design and how they relate to the project's objectives. Once agreed upon, the model can be put under change control and any updates to the model can then be quickly identified as potentially affecting the project’s scope.  Changes requested or discovered later in the project can be analyzed objectively for their impact on project's budget, resources and schedule. A modular foundation for the design of the software solution can be established in Elaboration.  This permits work to be divided up effectively and executed in so that the most important and riskiest use-cases can be tackled early in the project. The use-case model helps the team make informed decisions about implementation priorities, which allows effective allocation of limited project resources.  This is very helpful in not only managing scope, but in doing iterative and incremental planning which relies heavily on the ability to identify project priorities. Bottom line is that the use-case model gives the project team solid understanding of scope early in the project.  Combine this understanding with effective project management and communication and you have an effective tool for reducing the risk of overruns in budget and/or time due to out of control scope changes. Now that you’ve had a chance to read these thoughts on the use-case model and project scope, please let me know your feedback based on your experience.

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• How granular should a command be in a CQ[R]S model?

  - by Aaronaught

  I'm considering a project to migrate part of our WCF-based SOA over to a service bus model (probably nServiceBus) and using some basic pub-sub to achieve Command-Query Separation. I'm not new to SOA, or even to service bus models, but I confess that until recently my concept of "separation" was limited to run-of-the-mill database mirroring and replication. Still, I'm attracted to the idea because it seems to provide all the benefits of an eventually-consistent system while sidestepping many of the obvious drawbacks (most notably the lack of proper transactional support). I've read a lot on the subject from Udi Dahan who is basically the guru on ESB architectures (at least in the Microsoft world), but one thing he says really puzzles me: As we get larger entities with more fields on them, we also get more actors working with those same entities, and the higher the likelihood that something will touch some attribute of them at any given time, increasing the number of concurrency conflicts. [...] A core element of CQRS is rethinking the design of the user interface to enable us to capture our users’ intent such that making a customer preferred is a different unit of work for the user than indicating that the customer has moved or that they’ve gotten married. Using an Excel-like UI for data changes doesn’t capture intent, as we saw above. -- Udi Dahan, Clarified CQRS From the perspective described in the quotation, it's hard to argue with that logic. But it seems to go against the grain with respect to SOAs. An SOA (and really services in general) are supposed to deal with coarse-grained messages so as to minimize network chatter - among many other benefits. I realize that network chatter is less of an issue when you've got highly-distributed systems with good message queuing and none of the baggage of RPC, but it doesn't seem wise to dismiss the issue entirely. Udi almost seems to be saying that every attribute change (i.e. field update) ought to be its own command, which is hard to imagine in the context of one user potentially updating hundreds or thousands of combined entities and attributes as it often is with a traditional web service. One batch update in SQL Server may take a fraction of a second given a good highly-parameterized query, table-valued parameter or bulk insert to a staging table; processing all of these updates one at a time is slow, slow, slow, and OLTP database hardware is the most expensive of all to scale up/out. Is there some way to reconcile these competing concerns? Am I thinking about it the wrong way? Does this problem have a well-known solution in the CQS/ESB world? If not, then how does one decide what the "right level" of granularity in a Command should be? Is there some "standard" one can use as a starting point - sort of like 3NF in databases - and only deviate when careful profiling suggests a potentially significant performance benefit? Or is this possibly one of those things that, despite several strong opinions being expressed by various experts, is really just a matter of opinion?

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• Syncing client and server CRUD operations using json and php

  - by Justin

  I'm working on some code to sync the state of models between client (being a javascript application) and server. Often I end up writing redundant code to track the client and server objects so I can map the client supplied data to the server models. Below is some code I am thinking about implementing to help. What I don't like about the below code is that this method won't handle nested relationships very well, I would have to create multiple object trackers. One work around is for each server model after creating or loading, simply do $model->clientId = $clientId; IMO this is a nasty hack and I want to avoid it. Adding a setCientId method to all my model object would be another way to make it less hacky, but this seems like overkill to me. Really clientIds are only good for inserting/updating data in some scenarios. I could go with a decorator pattern but auto generating a proxy class seems a bit involved. I could use a generic proxy class that uses a __call function to allow for original object data to be accessed, but this seems wrong too. Any thoughts or comments? $clientData = '[{name: "Bob", action: "update", id: 1, clientId: 200}, {name:"Susan", action:"create", clientId: 131} ]'; $jsonObjs = json_decode($clientData); $objectTracker = new ObjectTracker(); $objectTracker->trackClientObjs($jsonObjs); $query = $this->em->createQuery("SELECT x FROM Application_Model_User x WHERE x.id IN (:ids)"); $query->setParameters("ids",$objectTracker->getClientSpecifiedServerIds()); $models = $query->getResults(); //Apply client data to server model foreach ($models as $model) { $clientModel = $objectTracker->getClientJsonObj($model->getId()); ... } //Create new models and persist foreach($objectTracker->getNewClientObjs() as $newClientObj) { $model = new Application_Model_User(); .... $em->persist($model); $objectTracker->trackServerObj($model); } $em->flush(); $resourceResponse = $objectTracker->createResourceResponse(); //Id mappings will be an associtave array representing server id resources with client side // id. //This method Dosen't seem to flexible if we want to return additional data with each resource... //Would have to modify the returned data structure, seems like tight coupling... //Ex return value: //[{clientId: 200, id:1} , {clientId: 131, id: 33}];

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• Ray Picking Problems

  - by A Name I Haven't Decided On

  I've read so many answers on here about how to do Ray Picking, that I thought I had the idea of it down. But when I try to implement it in my game, I get garbage. I'm working with LWJGL. Here's the code: public static Ray getPick(int mouseX, int mouseY){ glPushMatrix(); //Setting up the Mouse Clip Vector4f mouseClip = new Vector4f((float)mouseX * 2 / 960f - 1, 1 - (float)mouseY * 2 / 640f ,0 ,1); //Loading Matrices FloatBuffer modMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); FloatBuffer projMatrix = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16); glGetFloat(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modMatrix); glGetFloat(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projMatrix); //Assigning Matrices Matrix4f proj = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f model = new Matrix4f(); model.load(modMatrix); proj.load(projMatrix); //Multiplying the Projection Matrix by the Model View Matrix Matrix4f tempView = new Matrix4f(); Matrix4f.mul(proj, model, tempView); tempView.invert(); //Getting the Camera Position in World Space. The 4th Column of the Model View Matrix. model.invert(); Point cameraPos = new Point(model.m30, model.m31, model.m32); //Theoretically getting the vector the Picking Ray goes Vector4f rayVector = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(tempView, mouseClip, rayVector); rayVector.translate((float)-cameraPos.getX(),(float) -cameraPos.getY(),(float) -cameraPos.getZ(), 0f); rayVector.normalise(); glPopMatrix(); //This Basically Spits out a value that changes as the Camera moves. //When the Mouse moves, the values change around 0.001 points from screen edge to edge. System.out.format("Vector: %f %f %f%n", rayVector.x, rayVector.y, rayVector.z); //return new Ray(cameraPos, rayVector); return null; } I don't really know why this isn't working. I was hoping some more experienced eyes might be able to help me out. I can get the camera position like a champ, it's the vector the rays going in that I can't seem to get right. Thanks.

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• ASP.NET MVC 2 client-side validation rules not being created

  - by Brant Bobby

  MVC isn't generating the client-side validation rules for my viewmodel. The HTML just contains this: <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (!window.mvcClientValidationMetadata) { window.mvcClientValidationMetadata = []; } window.mvcClientValidationMetadata.push({"Fields":[],"FormId":"form0","ReplaceValidationSummary":false}); //]]> </script> Note that Fields[] is empty! My view is strongly-typed and uses the new strongly-typed HTML helpers (TextBoxFor(), etc). View Model / Domain Model public class ItemFormViewModel { public Item Item { get; set; } [Required] [StringLength(100)] public string Whatever { get; set; } // for demo } [MetadataType(typeof(ItemMetadata))] public class Item { public string Name { get; set; } public string SKU { get; set; } public int QuantityRequired { get; set; } // etc. } public class ItemMetadata { [Required] [StringLength(100)] public string Name { get; set; } [Required] [StringLength(50)] public string SKU { get; set; } [Range(0, Int32.MaxValue)] public int QuantityRequired { get; set; } // etc. } (I know I'm using a domain model as my / as part of my view model, which isn't a good practice, but disregard that for now.) View <%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<ItemFormViewModel>" %> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <h2>Editing item: <%= Html.Encode(Model.Item.Name) %></h2> <% Html.EnableClientValidation(); %> <%= Html.ValidationSummary("Could not save the item.") %> <% using (Html.BeginForm()) { %> <%= Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.Item.Name) %> <%= Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.Item.SKU) %> <%= Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.Item.QuantityRequired) %> <%= Html.HiddenFor(model => model.Item.ItemID) %> <%= Html.TextBox("Whatever", Model.Whatever) %> <input type="submit" value="Save" /> <% } %> </asp:Content> I included the Whatever property on the view model because I suspected that MVC wasn't recursively inspecting the sub-properties of ItemFormViewModel.Item, but even that isn't being validated? I've even tried delving into the MVC framework source code but have come up empty. What could be going on?

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• iPhone Core Data Lightweight Migration error: reason = "Can't find model for source store";

  - by tul697

  Steps taken: 1. Added Data Model version: Changed my XXX.xcdatamodel to XXX.xcdatamodeId with Design - Data Model - Add Model Version. Set the new XXX 2.xcdatamodel as current version Added an attribute to XXX 2.xcdatamodel Added NSMigratePersistentStoresAutomaticallyOption and NSInferMappingModelAutomaticallyOption like most tutorials, I added the option in the addPersistentStoreWithType. ran the code and I got this error: Unresolved error Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=134130 UserInfo=0x146bb80 "Operation could not be completed. (Cocoa error 134130.)", { URL = file://localhost/Users/tleung/Library/Application%20Support/iPhone%20Simulator/3.0/Applications/B585CDFC-17C3-4A44-84E2-0B75893C46B8/Documents/favorites.sqlite; metadata = { NSPersistenceFrameworkVersion = 241; NSStoreModelVersionHashes = { City = <70ea1f9f aaa9af29 52d2bfe4 3071d97f 8224f765 d69928d5 e5844120 52742a35; StationStore = <40d8093a 1d7d00ec 178b4374 36dfc137 ccfa3a88 87e2d467 69e8ae7e d4c49dbb; }; NSStoreModelVersionHashesVersion = 3; NSStoreModelVersionIdentifiers = ( ); NSStoreType = SQLite; NSStoreUUID = "9DD342A6-1F68-4997-A097-096DC96D7BF3"; }; reason = "Can't find model for source store"; } I've also tried NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"YOURDB" ofType:@"momd"]; NSURL *momURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path]; managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:momURL]; as suggested by other posts with no success. It seems that it can't find ANY of my models... anyone have any idea?

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• iPhone SDK Smaller CAF files: lower recording quality with Audio Queues?

  - by Nick

  In my iPhone app I have voice recording functionality the utilizes Audio Queue voice recording functions of the SDK. I'm saving directly to CAF format and using the following settings for the AudioStreamBasicDescription reference: audioFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM; I can see that there are other format ids I could use like: kAudioFormatLinearPCM kAudioFormatAppleLossless kAudioFormatAppleIMA4 kAudioFormatiLBC kAudioFormatULaw kAudioFormatALaw My knowledge of sound formats is very limited so my question is... which of these should I use to create the lowest compressed audio recording files? Plus, are there other settings I should apply to lower the quality and filesize even further?

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• Can someone describe the nested set model from a C#/LINQ perspective?

  - by Chad

  I know the nested set model doesn't pertain to the C# language or LINQ directly... it's what I'm using to develop my web app. For hierarchical data (categories with sub-categories in my case), I'm currently using something similar to the Adjacency List model. At the moment, I've only got 2 levels of categories, but I'd like to take it further and allow for n levels of categories using the nested set model. I'm not quite clear on how to use it in a C# context. Here's the article I'm reading on the nested set model. Though this article cleared up my confusion some, I still have a big ?? in my head: - Is inserting, updating or deleting categories tedious? It looks like the left and right numbers would require re-numbering... what would the LINQ queries look like for the following scenarios? Delete a child node (re-number all node's left/right values) Delete a parent node (what do you do with the orphans?) Move a child node to a different parent node (renumber again) If my understanding is correct, at all times the child node's left/right values will always be between the parent node's left/right values, am I correct? Seems easy enough, if only the categories were static... most likely I need to spend more time to get my head around the concept. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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• Loading and binding a serialized view model to a WPF window?

  - by generalt

  Hello all. I'm writing a one-window UI for a simple ETL tool. The UI consists of the window, the code behind for the window, a view model for the window, and the business logic. I wanted to provide functionality to the users to save the state of the UI because the content of about 10-12 text boxes will be reused between sessions, but are specific to the user. I figured I could serialize the view model, which contains all the data from the textboxes, and this works fine, but I'm having trouble loading the information in the serialized XML file back into the text boxes. Constructor of window: public ETLWindow() { InitializeComponent(); _viewModel = new ViewModel(); this.DataContext = _viewModel; _viewModel.State = Constants.STATE_IDLE; Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainWindow_Loaded); } XAML: <TextBox x:Name="targetDirectory" IsReadOnly="true" Text="{Binding TargetDatabaseDirectory, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"/> ViewModel corresponding property: private string _targetDatabaseDirectory; [XmlElement()] public string TargetDatabaseDirectory { get { return _targetDatabaseDirectory; } set { _targetDatabaseDirectory = value; OnPropertyChanged(DataUtilities.General.Utilities.GetPropertyName(() => new ViewModel().TargetDatabaseDirectory)); } Load event in code behind: private void loadState_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { string statePath = this.getFilePath(); _viewModel = ViewModel.LoadModel(statePath); } As you can guess, the LoadModel method deserializes the serialized file on the user's drive. I couldn't find much on the web regarding this issue. I know this probably has something to do with my bindings. Is there some way to refresh on the bindings on the XAML after I deserialize the view model? Or perhaps refresh all properties on the view model? Or am I completely insane thinking any of this could be done? Thanks.

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• After rewrite Model sales/order_collection it works except in Admin section, why?

  - by latvian

  Hi, I rewrite the sales/order_collection Model or, perhaps, correctly said the Resource. I did that to add filter that filters orders by store_ids. Please see my post to see how i did it http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2426986/how-to-rewrite-collection My new model works and here is how i tested $path = '../magento'; require_once('app/Mage.php'); umask(0); $app = Mage::app('base','website'); $col = Mage::getResourceModel('sales/order_collection')->addAttributeToSelect('*'); echo "<br>Size of the colletion: ".$col->getSize(); This new Model filters and returns # of orders just like i want. It returns # of orders also when i run it inside any of my created modules, but not in Admin section then it returns 0 orders In Admin section the same line is called as above ( Mage::getResourceModel('sales/order_collection')-addA....) from Mage_Adminhtml_Block_Sales_Order_Grid class (line 50) . It can be initiated when going Admin-Sales-Orders. However, it is returning 0 orders instead of # of orders How is it that the new Model returns orders anywhere else but from Admin section? What is done differently in Admin section?..please help. I have spent hours and hours and any pointers will help Thank you, Margots

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• What is the difference between cubes and the Unified Dimensional Model (if any)?

  - by ngm

  I'm currently researching SQL Server 2008 as a business intelligence solution, and currently looking at Analysis Services (and I'm pretty new to business intelligence as a whole...) I'm a bit confused by some of the terms in SSAS, particularly the conceptual differences between cubes and MS's Unified Dimensional Model. I believe that a cube in SSAS is basically an OLAP cube -- dimensions, measures, something that sits between the underlying data source and a business user. But then that's kind of what I understand UDM to be as well. The docs for SQL Server 2005 seem to suggest as much: "A cube is essentially synonymous with a Unified Dimensional Model (UDM)". But then the SQL Server 2008 pages sort of suggest that UDM is a wrapper for both multidimensional data (cubes) and relational data: "Use the Unified Dimensional Model to provide one consolidated business view for relational and multidimensional data that includes business entities, business logic, calculations, and metrics." This blog post suggests similarly: "UDM provides a single dimensional model for all OLAP analysis and relational reporting needs. So you can use either MDX or SQL" Is UDM something that sits above cubes? Or are they the same thing? I presume I would develop cubes with the Cube Designer application; what would I develop a UDM with?

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• Using ADO.NET Entities LINQ Provider to model complex SQL Queries?

  - by Ivan Zlatanov

  What I find really powerful in ADO.NET Entities or LINQ to SQL, is the ability to model complex queries. I really don't need the mappings that Entities or LINQ to SQL are doing for me - I just need the ability to model complex expressions that can be translated into T-SQL. My question is - am I abusing too much? Can I use the Entity Framework for modeling queries and just that? Should I? I know I can write my own custom LINQ to SQL provider, but that is just not possible to handle in the time spans I have. What is the best approach to model complex T-SQL queries? How do you handle conditional group byes, orders, joins, unions etc in the OOP world? Using StringBuilders for this kind of job feels too ugly and harder to maintain given the possibilities we have with Expression Trees. When I use StringBuilder to model a complex SQL Query I feel kind of guilty! I feel the same way as when I have to hard code any number into my code that is different than 0 or 1. Feeling that makes you ask yourself if there is a better and cleaner way of doing it... I must mention that I am using C# 4.0, but I am not specifically looking for an answer in this language, but rather in the domain of CLR 4.

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• Produce high-quality, custom-size thumbnails from Office documents on Windows?

  - by Edwin

  Hi, What do you think would be the best way to produce custom size image thumbnail from MS Office documents (doc, xls and ppt) on Windows with native code (means all means besides .NET/JAVA)? My current research result: IExtractImage COM. Problem: The size of the generated result is fixed and low quality, and you can't be sure all the source documents contain the thumbnails. Use a programmable virtual printer to print the specified page, and the printer must support image output, any good suggestion for this? What else would you suggest? thanks!

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• Django: returning a selection of fields from a model based on their values?

  - by AP257

  I am working with some data over which I have little control. I'd like to return ONLY the fields of my model that aren't certain 'uninteresting' values (e.g. '0', 'X' or '-'), and access them individually in the template. My model is like this: class Manors(models.Model): structidx = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True, verbose_name="ID") hills = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="Number of fields") In my template, I return a QuerySet of Manors, and I'd like to output something like this if the hills field isn't uninteresting: {% for manor in manors %} {% if manor.hills %}<li>Hills blah blah: {{ manor.hills }}</li>{% endif %} {% endfor %} I want to avoid too much logic in the template. Ideally, the manor object would simply not return with the uninteresting fields attached, then I could just do {% if manor.hills %}. I tried writing a model method that returns a dictionary of the interesting values, like this: def get_field_dictionary(self): interesting_fields = {} for field in Manors._meta.fields: if field.value_to_string(self) != "N" and field.value_to_string(self) != "0" and field.value_to_string(self) != "-" and field.value_to_string(self) != "X": interesting_fields[field.name] = field.value_to_string(self) return interesting_fields But I don't know how to access individual values of the dictionary in the template: {% if manor.get_field_dictionary['hills'] %}<li>Hills blah blah: {{ manor.get_field_dictionary['hills'] }}</li>{% endif %} gives a TemplateSyntaxError. Is there a better way to do this?

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• Html.Editor() helper in ASP.NET MVC 3 does not work as expected with array in model

  - by SlimShaggy

  In my ASP.NET MVC 3 application I have classes like the following: public class Localization<T> { public int VersionID { get; set; } public T Value { get; set; } ... } public class Localizable<T> { public Localization<T>[] Name { get; set; } ... } Then, I have the following view: @model dynamic ... @for (int i = 0; i < VersionCount; i++) { ... @Html.Editor(string.Format("Name[{0}.Value", i)) ... } Now, when I display this view, passing a subclass of Localizable<string> as the model, the textboxes for the strings are rendered, but they are empty. If I replace @Html.Editor(string.Format("Name[{0}.Value", i)) with @InputExtensions.TextBox(Html, string.Format("Name[{0}].Value", i), Model.Name[i].Value), the textboxes are correctly filled with values from the model. However, using TextBox instead of Editor is not an option for me, because I want to use different editor templates for different types of T. So, what am I doing wrong, or is it a bug in MVC, and is there any workaround?

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• Many to Many delete in NHibernate two parents with common association

  - by Joshua Grippo

  I have 3 top level entities in my app: Circuit, Issue, Document Circuits can contain Documents and Issues can contain Documents. When I delete a Circuit, I want it to delete the documents associated with it, unless it is used by something else. I would like this same behavior with Issues. I have it working when the only association is in the same table in the db, but if it is in another table, then it fails due to foreign key constraints. ex 1(This will cascade properly, because there is only a foreign constraint from Circuit to Document) Document1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1 then it deletes Document1 with it. ex 2(This will cascade properly, because there is only a foreign constraint from Circuit to Document.) Document1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. Circuit2 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1 then it is deleted, but Document1 is not deleted because Circuit2 exists. If I then delete Circuit2, then Document1 is deleted. ex 3(This will throw an error, because when it deletes the Circuit it sees that there are no other circuits that reference the document so it tries to delete the document. However it should not, because there is an Issue that has a foreign constraint to the document.) Document 1 exists. Circuit1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. Issue1 exists and contains a reference to Document1. If I delete Circuit1, then it fails, because it tries to delete Document1, but Issues1 still has a reference. DB: This think won't let upload an image, so here is the ERD to the DB: http://lh3.ggpht.com/_jZWhe7NXay8/TROJhOd7qlI/AAAAAAAAAGU/rkni3oEANvc/CircuitIssues.gif Model: public class Circuit { public virtual int CircuitID { get; set; } public virtual string CJON { get; set; } public virtual IList<Document> Documents { get; set; } } public class Issue { public virtual int IssueID { get; set; } public virtual string Summary { get; set; } public virtual IList<Model.Document> Documents { get; set; } } public class Document { public virtual int DocumentID { get; set; } public virtual string Data { get; set; } } Mapping Files: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Circuit" table="Circuit"> <id name="CircuitID"> <column name="CircuitID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="CJON" column="CJON" type="string" not-null="true"/> <bag name="Documents" table="CircuitDocument" cascade="save-update,delete-orphan"> <key column="CircuitID"/> <many-to-many class="Document"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> </many-to-many> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Issue" table="Issue"> <id name="IssueID"> <column name="IssueID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="Summary" column="Summary" type="string" not-null="true"/> <bag name="Documents" table="IssueDocument" cascade="save-update,delete-orphan"> <key column="IssueID"/> <many-to-many class="Document"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> </many-to-many> </bag> </class> </hibernate-mapping> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" namespace="Model" assembly="Model"> <class name="Document" table="Document"> <id name="DocumentID"> <column name="DocumentID" not-null="true"/> <generator class="identity" /> </id> <property name="Data" column="Data" type="string" not-null="true"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Code: using (ISession session = sessionFactory.OpenSession()) { var doc = new Model.Document() { Data = "Doc" }; var circuit = new Model.Circuit() { CJON = "circ" }; circuit.Documents = new List<Model.Document>(new Model.Document[] { doc }); var issue = new Model.Issue() { Summary = "iss" }; issue.Documents = new List<Model.Document>(new Model.Document[] { doc }); session.Save(circuit); session.Save(issue); session.Flush(); } using (ISession session = sessionFactory.OpenSession()) { foreach (var item in session.CreateCriteria<Model.Circuit>().List<Model.Circuit>()) { session.Delete(item); } //this flush fails, because there is a reference to a child document from issue session.Flush(); foreach (var item in session.CreateCriteria<Model.Issue>().List<Model.Issue>()) { session.Delete(item); } session.Flush(); }

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• How to present a stable data model in a public API that allows internal data structures to be changed without breaking the public view of the data?

  - by Max Palmer

  I am in the process of developing an application that allows users to write C# scripts. These scripts allow users to call selected methods and to access and manipulate data in a document. This works well, however, in the development version, scripts access the document's (internal) data structures directly. This means that if we were to change the internal data model/structure, there is a good chance that someone's script will no longer compile. We obviously want to prevent this breaking change from happening, but still want to allow the user to write sensible C# code (whilst not restricting how we develop our internal data model as a result). We therefore need to decouple our scripting API and its data structures from our internal methods and data structures. We've a few ideas as to how we might allow the user to access a what is effectively a stable public version of the document's internal data*, but I wanted to throw the question out there to someone who might have some real experience of this problem. NB our internal document's data structure is quite complex and it could be quite difficult to wrap. We know we want to expose as little as possible in our public API, especially as once it's out there, it's out there for good. Can anyone help? How do scripting languages / APIs decouple their public API and data structures from their internal data structures? Is there no real alternative to having to write a complex interaction layer? If we need to do this, what's a good approach or pattern for wrapping complex data structures that include nested objects, including collections? I've looked at the API facade pattern, which looks like it's trying to address these kinds of issues, but are there alternatives? *One idea is to build a data facade that is kept stable across versions of our application. The facade exposes a set of facade data objects that are used in the script code. These maintain backwards compatibility and wrap access to our internal document's data model.

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• If the model is validating the data, shouldn't it throw exceptions on bad input?

  - by Carlos Campderrós

  Reading this SO question it seems that throwing exceptions for validating user input is frowned upon. But who should validate this data? In my applications, all validations are done in the business layer, because only the class itself really knows which values are valid for each one of its properties. If I were to copy the rules for validating a property to the controller, it is possible that the validation rules change and now there are two places where the modification should be made. Is my premise that validation should be done on the business layer wrong? What I do So my code usually ends up like this: <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { throw new ValidationException("Name cannot be empty"); } $this->name = $n; } public function setAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is not valid"); } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is out of bounds"); } $this->age = $a; } // other getters, setters and methods } In the controller, I just pass the input data to the model, and catch thrown exceptions to show the error(s) to the user: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); // global try for all exceptions other than ValidationException try { // validation and process (if everything ok) try { $person->setAge($_POST['age']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['age'] = $e->getMessage(); } try { $person->setName($_POST['name']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['name'] = $e->getMessage(); } ... } catch (Exception $e) { // log the error, send 500 internal server error to the client // and finish the request } if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } Is this a bad methodology? Alternate method Should maybe I create methods for isValidAge($a) that return true/false and then call them from the controller? <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if ($this->isValidName($n)) { $this->name = $n; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid name"); } } public function setAge($a) { if ($this->isValidAge($a)) { $this->age = $a; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid age"); } } public function isValidName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { return false; } return true; } public function isValidAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { return false; } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { return false; } return true; } // other getters, setters and methods } And the controller will be basically the same, just instead of try/catch there are now if/else: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); if ($person->isValidAge($age)) { $person->setAge($age); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['age'] = "Invalid age"; } if ($person->isValidName($name)) { $person->setName($name); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['name'] = "Invalid name"; } ... if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } So, what should I do? I'm pretty happy with my original method, and my colleagues to whom I have showed it in general have liked it. Despite this, should I change to the alternate method? Or am I doing this terribly wrong and I should look for another way?

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• Why RenderTarget2D overwrites other objects when trying to put some text in a model?

  - by cad

  I am trying to draw an object composited by two cubes (A & B) (one on top of the other, but for now I have them a little bit more open). I am able to do it and this is the result. (Cube A is the blue and Cube B is the one with brown text that comes from a png texture) But I want to have any text as parameter in the cube B. I have tried what @alecnash suggested in his question, but for some reason when I try to draw cube B, cube A dissapears and everything turns purple. This is my draw code: public void Draw(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, SpriteBatch spriteBatch, Matrix viewMatrix, Matrix projectionMatrix) { graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; graphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; graphicsDevice.RasterizerState = RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise; graphicsDevice.SamplerStates[0] = SamplerState.LinearClamp; // CUBE A basicEffect.View = viewMatrix; basicEffect.Projection = projectionMatrix; basicEffect.World = Matrix.CreateTranslation(ModelPosition); basicEffect.VertexColorEnabled = true; foreach (EffectPass pass in basicEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); drawCUBE_TOP(graphicsDevice); drawCUBE_Floor(graphicsDevice); DrawFullSquareStripesFront(graphicsDevice, _numStrips, Color.Red, Color.Blue, _levelPercentage); DrawFullSquareStripesLeft(graphicsDevice, _numStrips, Color.Red, Color.Blue, _levelPercentage); DrawFullSquareStripesRight(graphicsDevice, _numStrips, Color.Red, Color.Blue, _levelPercentage); DrawFullSquareStripesBack(graphicsDevice, _numStrips, Color.Red, Color.Blue, _levelPercentage); } // CUBE B // Set the World matrix which defines the position of the cube texturedCubeEffect.World = Matrix.CreateTranslation(ModelPosition); // Set the View matrix which defines the camera and what it's looking at texturedCubeEffect.View = viewMatrix; // Set the Projection matrix which defines how we see the scene (Field of view) texturedCubeEffect.Projection = projectionMatrix; // Enable textures on the Cube Effect. this is necessary to texture the model texturedCubeEffect.TextureEnabled = true; Texture2D a = SpriteFontTextToTexture(graphicsDevice, spriteBatch, arialFont, "TEST ", Color.Black, Color.GhostWhite); texturedCubeEffect.Texture = a; //texturedCubeEffect.Texture = cubeTexture; // Enable some pretty lights texturedCubeEffect.EnableDefaultLighting(); // apply the effect and render the cube foreach (EffectPass pass in texturedCubeEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); cubeToDraw.RenderToDevice(graphicsDevice); } } private Texture2D SpriteFontTextToTexture(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice, SpriteBatch spriteBatch, SpriteFont font, string text, Color backgroundColor, Color textColor) { Vector2 Size = font.MeasureString(text); RenderTarget2D renderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(graphicsDevice, (int)Size.X, (int)Size.Y); graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget); graphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); spriteBatch.Begin(); //have to redo the ColorTexture //spriteBatch.Draw(ColorTexture.Create(graphicsDevice, 1024, 1024, backgroundColor), Vector2.Zero, Color.White); spriteBatch.DrawString(font, text, Vector2.Zero, textColor); spriteBatch.End(); graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); return renderTarget; } The way I generate texture with dynamic text is: Texture2D a = SpriteFontTextToTexture(graphicsDevice, spriteBatch, arialFont, "TEST ", Color.Black, Color.GhostWhite); After commenting several parts to see what caused the problem, it seems to be located in this line graphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget);

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• When should I use a Process Model versus a Use Case?

  - by Dave Burke

  This Blog entry is a follow on to https://blogs.oracle.com/oum/entry/oum_is_business_process_and and addresses a question I sometimes get asked…..i.e. “when I am gathering requirements on a Project, should I use a Process Modeling approach, or should I use a Use Case approach?” Not surprisingly, the short answer is “it depends”! Let’s take a scenario where you are working on a Sales Force Automation project. We’ll call the process that is being implemented “Lead-to-Order”. I would typically think of this type of project as being “Process Centric”. In other words, the focus will be on orchestrating a series of human and system related tasks that ultimately deliver value to the business in a cost effective way. Put in even simpler terms……implement an automated pre-sales system. For this type of (Process Centric) project, requirements would typically be gathered through a series of Workshops where the focal point will be on creating, or confirming, the Future-State (To-Be) business process. If pre-defined “best-practice” business process models exist, then of course they could and should be used during the Workshops, but even in their absence, the focus of the Workshops will be to define the optimum series of Tasks, their connections, sequence, and dependencies that will ultimately reflect a business process that meets the needs of the business. Now let’s take another scenario. Assume you are working on a Content Management project that involves automating the creation and management of content for User Manuals, Web Sites, Social Media publications etc. Would you call this type of project “Process Centric”?.......well you could, but it might also fall into the category of complex configuration, plus some custom extensions to a standard software application (COTS). For this type of project it would certainly be worth considering using a Use Case approach in order to 1) understand the requirements, and 2) to capture the functional requirements of the custom extensions. At this point you might be asking “why couldn’t I use a Process Modeling approach for my Content Management project?” Well, of course you could, but you just need to think about which approach is the most effective. Start by analyzing the types of Tasks that will eventually be automated by the system, for example: Best Suited To? Task Name Process Model Use Case Notes Manage outbound calls Ö A series of linked human and system tasks for calling and following up with prospects Manage content revision Ö Updating the content on a website Update User Preferences Ö Updating a users display preferences Assign Lead Ö Reviewing a lead, then assigning it to a sales person Convert Lead to Quote Ö Updating the status of a lead, and then converting it to a sales order As you can see, it’s not an exact science, and either approach is viable for the Tasks listed above. However, where you have a series of interconnected Tasks or Activities, than when combined, deliver value to the business, then that would be a good indicator to lead with a Process Modeling approach. On the other hand, when the Tasks or Activities in question are more isolated and/or do not cross traditional departmental boundaries, then a Use Case approach might be worth considering. Now let’s take one final scenario….. As you captured the To-Be Process flows for the Sales Force automation project, you discover a “Gap” in terms of what the client requires, and what the standard COTS application can provide. Let’s assume that the only way forward is to develop a Custom Extension. This would now be a perfect opportunity to document the functional requirements (behind the Gap) using a Use Case approach. After all, we will be developing some new software, and one of the most effective ways to begin the Software Development Lifecycle is to follow a Use Case approach. As always, your comments are most welcome.

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• How to adjust and combine multiple lower quality photos into one better using FOSS?

  - by Vi

  I have multiple noisy photos (caputed without tripod) that needs to be adjusted (moved/rotated) and averaged. How it's better to do it in Linux with FOSS console-based programs? Current way is something like: mplayer mf://*.JPG -vo yuv4mpeg:file=qqq.yuv transcode -i qqq.yuv -y null -J stabilize=maxshift=500:fieldsize=100:fieldnum=6:stepsize=50:shakiness=10 transcode -i qqq.yuv -J transform=smoothing=100000:sharpen=0:optzoom=0 -y raw -o www.yuv mplayer www.yuv -vo pnm gm convert -average 0*.ppm q.ppm i.e.: Convert photos to video Apply Transcode's "Stabilize" filter Convert the video back to images Average the images. It works, but bad: photos still not perfectly adjusted and the whole sequence is very slow. What is better way of doing it?

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• Finding the model of an old computer i used to own?

  - by mcbeav

  This might sounds ridiculous, but I need some help finding the model of an old computer i used to own. I know what the computer looks like. It was made by Packard Bell, but i can't find hardly any information on older packard bell computers anywhere online. I got the computer around 1999, give or take a couple of years. It came with Windows 98 preinstalled. It was a tower desktop. I was wondering if anyone knows of a website or reference tool where i can find some information on older model desktop computers.

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• How to define a layered model for Storage Architecture ?

  - by Berkay

  i don't have enough knowledge about storage systems but have to tell my audiences about how storage works in organization data centers. For this purpose to keep things simple, first i want to show them a layer model then from top to bottom and then i want to explore all these layers. What i mean by layered model in storage architecture? i want to start my presentation something like that, first layer can be applications, application request a data from storage and then ... ... (the topics i want to cover are file sytems, metadata,the physical implementation of storage (das, nas etc.) ... the request comes to the storage device and storage device (depends on the technology) goes through the disk and disk send back the data using iscsi protol, we can say that the iscsi protocol managing the path between... ... if you help me explain these steps layer by layer by examples and key technologies to be defined, really appreciate it. thanks.

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• Can Mac KeyNote presentations exported for Windows be shown in good quality and be edited?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  A friend asked me this: ...I stopped using KeyNote for one simple reason – contrary to the Mac marketing blurb, the final presentations do NOT work fine on Windows PCs – they look distorted and have formatting quirks which cannot be corrected because the Windows/Powerpoint file it has supposedly been saved as is in fact a non-editable file, kind of like a pdf. Is there a way to create Mac KeyNote presentation files so they look nice on Windows and can be edited?

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• How to copy-paste in good quality from Adobe Illustrator to MS One Note?

  - by Suzan Cioc

  When I copy some drawing in Illustrator, it stores it in clipboard in 3 formats: bitmap, device independent bitmap and enhanced meta-file. If drawing contains text, then meta-file version has no anti-aliasing. Below are examples in MS Word OneNote has no "Paste Special" so it always paste in EMF. Is it possible either to tell OneNote to paste not in EMF, or tell Illustrator to use anti-aliasing while storing picture with letters?

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