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  • Why Is It That Generics Constraint Can't Be Casted to Its Derived Type?

    - by Ngu Soon Hui
    It is quite puzzling to find out that Generics Constraint Can't Be Casted to Its Derived Type. Let's say I have the following code: public abstract class BaseClass { public int Version { get { return 1; } } public string FixString { get; set; } public BaseClass() { FixString = "hello"; } public virtual int GetBaseVersion() { return Version; } } public class DeriveClass: BaseClass { public new int Version { get { return 2; } } } And guess what, this method will return a compilation error: public void FreeConversion<T>(T baseClass) { var derivedMe = (DeriveClass)baseClass; } I would have to cast the baseClass to object first before I can cast it to DerivedClass. Seems to me pretty ugly. Why this is so?

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  • How to avoid "incomplete implementation" warning in partial base class

    - by garph0
    I have created a protocol that my classes need to implement, and then factored out some common functionality into a base class, so I did this: @protocol MyProtocol - (void) foo; - (void) bar; @end @interface Base <MyProtocol> @end @interface Derived_1 : Base @end @interface Derived_2 : Base @end @implementation Base - (void) foo{ //something foo } @end @implementation Derived_1 - (void) bar{ //something bar 1 } @end @implementation Derived_2 - (void) bar{ //something bar 2 } @end In this way in my code I use a generic id<MyProtocol>. The code works (as long as Base is not used directly) but the compiler chokes at the end of the implementation of Base with a warning: Incomplete implementation of class Base Is there a way to avoid this warning or, even better, a more proper way to obtain this partially implemented abstract base class behavior in Objc?

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  • JAX-B annotations for elements that inherit from a parent

    - by AlexM
    When adding JAX-B Java annotations for Java classes - if I have a parent Class Entry, with two children, Book and JournalArticle, Would I add these annotations for all three classes: @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlRootElement ie: @XmlSeeAlso({au.com.library.Book.class, au.com.library.JournalArticle.class}) @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlRootElement public abstract class Entry implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -1895155325179947581L; @XmlElement(name="title") protected String title; @XmlElement(name="author") protected String author; @XmlElement(name="year") protected int year; and @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlRootElement public class Book extends Entry { @XmlElement(name="edition") private String edition; @XmlElement(name="publisher") private String publisher; @XmlElement(name="placeOfPublication") private String placeOfPub; and @XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD) @XmlRootElement public class JournalArticle extends Entry { @XmlElement(name="journalTitle") private String journalTitle; @XmlElement(name="volume") private String volume; @XmlElement(name="issue") private String issue; @XmlElement(name="pageNumbers") private String pgNumbers;

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  • Check if a symlink has changed

    - by BCS
    I have a daemon that, when it's started, loads its data from a directory that happens to be a symlink. Periodically, new data is generated and the symlink updated. I want a bash script that will check if the current symlink is the same as the old one (that the daemon started with) and if not, restart the daemon. My current thought is: if [[ ! -e $old_dir || $(readlink "$data_dir") == $(readlink "$old_dir") ]]; then echo restart ... ln "$(readlink "$data_dir")" "$old_dir" -sf else echo no restart fi The abstract requirement is: each time the script runs, it needs to check if a symlink on a given path now points to a something other than it did the last time and if so do something. (The alternative would be to check if the data at the path has changed but I don't see that being any cleaner.) My questions: Is this a good approach? Does anyone have a better idea? Where should I put $old_dir?

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  • using partials in view helpers

    - by takeshin
    Creating custom Zend View helpers I often end up with something like: // logic here if ($condition) { $output = <<<EOS... } else { $output = <<<EOS... } or using switch. Then to eliminate this, I create setPartial(), getPartial() and htmlize() for using external .phtml's. This is not the best solution, because partials do not support doctype changing. Is there any better solution, than creating abstract class handling this common case? Are there any ready Zend solutions for this case? Separate view helper for each case? And where to put common code?

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  • execute external command / application from java

    - by IttayD
    I'm looking for a package to support reliably executing external processes from Java. My criteria: Abstract over OS. So if I want to run 'foo', it will look for 'foo.bat', 'foo.exe' under windows and 'foo' under other OSs (or, have a way of passing a map of os-command) Being able to execute Java classes by simply giving the class name and arguments (so the package locates the java command, copies jvm flags and then executes) Process stdout and stderr properly Watchdog / Monitoring capabilities I've looked at commons-exec but it looks like it answers only 3 & 4. Ant has support for execution but looks like an overkill to use it for this purpose only.

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  • WCF interoperability with WSDL proxy and performance consideration advise.

    - by user194917
    I'm essentially writing a broker service. The requirement is that I write an API that acts as an intermediary broker between our in-house developed services and a 3rd party provided API. The intention being that my API abstract the actual communication with the 3rd party API from our internal systems. The architect on the project chose WCF as the communication framework. The problem is that 70 percent of our subscriber applications are written in .Net 2 and as such have no access to the class libraries required to implement a WCF proxy. The end result being that our proxy classes are loosely based on the code auto generated by the WSDL tool as opposed to the SvcUtil tool. My question is, although I have no issues implementing the required proxy classes using basicHttp as the actual binding and using the WSDL tool, are there any special considerations that I need to take into account in this scenario? I.E proxy optimizations and the like. Thanks in advance.

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  • C# Class Factories

    - by Andy
    I have a class called Foo that has a function that looks like the following List<Bar> LoadData(); Both Foo and Bar are in a library that I want to reuse in other projects. Now I am working on a new project and I want to subclass Bar. Let's call it NewBar. What is a simple and flexible way to get Foo.LoadData to return a list of NewBar? I think that a factory is needed or perhaps just a delegate function. Can anyone provide an example? Thanks, Andy

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  • is right to implement a business logic in the type binding DI framwork?

    - by Martino
    public IRedirect FactoryStrategyRedirect() { if (_PasswordExpired) { return _UpdatePasswordRedirectorFactory.Create(); } else { return _DefaultRedirectorFactory.Create(); } } This strategy factory method can be replaced with type binding and when clause: Bind<IRedirect>.To<UpdatePasswordRedirector>.When(c=> c.kernel.get<SomeContext>().PasswordExpired()) Bind<IRedirect>.To<DefaultRedirector>.When(c=> not c.kernel.get<SomeContext>().PasswordExpired()) I wonder which of the two approaches is the more correct. What are the pros and cons. Especially in the case in which the logic is more complex with more variables to test and more concrete classes to return. is right to implement a business logic in the binding?

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  • can I get .class from generic type argument?

    - by Mike S
    I have the following class: public abstract class MyClass<T extends Object> { protected T createNewFromData(Reader reader){ GSON.fromJSON(reader,T.class); // T.class isn't allowed :( } } How do I pass a Class<T instance into there? Is there some wierd and wacky work around? Is there a way to get a Class<T reference other than from a pre-instantiated Object of type T? It won't let me do this either: T t = new T(); Class<T> klass = t.class; ANSWER BELOW Thanks to the accepted answer, here is the solution: Type type = new TypeToken<T>(){}.getType(); return gson.fromJson(reader, type);

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  • what is the underlying data structure of a set c++?

    - by zebraman
    I would like to know how a set is implemented in C++. If I were to implement my own set container without using the STL provided container, what would be the best way to go about this task? I understand STL sets are based on the abstract data structure of a binary search tree. So what is the underlying data structure? An array? Also, how does insert() work for a set? How does the set check whether an element already exists in it? I read on wikipedia that another way to implement a set is with a hash table. How would this work?

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  • RSpec: in-depth differences between before(:all) and before(:each)

    - by gmile
    Ok, so I've ran into a very strange issue, directly connected with before blocks. I'm doing a integration testing via Watir and RSpec. For a simple test to check if user can perform a login I'm creating a 'user' record in the db by means of factory_girl. So I put the following code: before(:each) do @user = Factory(:user) end if "should perform a login" do # do stuff end In do stuff I call a browser and see how the user tries to login. Unfortunately, somehow he cannot do that — "Username isn't valid". After some investigation I discovered that if I put the code for creating user in before(:all) block, everything magically works. How's that? What's the difference between :all and :each in this context? Also, If I put the code for creating user actually in the test body, it still doesn't work (i.e. user somehow isn't added to the DB or something).

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  • Printing a list using reflection

    - by TFool
    public class Service{ String serviceName; //setter and getter } public class Version{ String VersionID; //setter and getter } public void test(Object list){ //it shd print the obtained list } List< Service list1; //Service is a Bean List< Version list2; //Version is a Bean test(list1); test(list2); Now the test method shd print the obtained list - (i.e) If the list is of type Service ,then serviceName should be printed using its getter. If the list type is Version versionID should be printed. Is it possible to achieve this without using Interface or abstract class?

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  • JPA 2.0 Provider Hibernate 3.6 for DB2 v9.5 type 2 driver is throwing exception in configuration prepration

    - by Deep Saurabh
    The JPA 2.0 Provider Hibernate is throwing exception while preparing configuration for entity manager factory, I am using DB2 v9.5 database and DB2 v9.5 JDBC type 2 driver . java.sql.SQLException: [IBM][JDBC Driver] CLI0626E getDatabaseMajorVersion is not supported in this version of DB2 JDBC 2.0 driver. at COM.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.SQLExceptionGenerator.throwNotSupportedByDB2(Unknown Source) at COM.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2DatabaseMetaData.getDatabaseMajorVersion(Unknown Source) at org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory.buildSettings(SettingsFactory.java:117) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSettingsInternal(Configuration.java:2833) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSettings(Configuration.java:2829) at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1840) at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:902) at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:57) at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:48) at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:32)

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  • Explain to me the following VS 2010 Extension Sample code..

    - by ealshabaan
    Coders, I am building a VS 2010 extension and I am experimenting around some of the samples that came with the VS 2010 SDK. One of the sample projects is called TextAdornment. In that project there is a weirdo class that looks like the following: [Export(typeof(IWpfTextViewCreationListener))] [ContentType("text")] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] internal sealed class TextAdornment1Factory : IWpfTextViewCreationListener While I was experimenting with this project, I tried to debug the project to see the flow of the program and I noticed that this class gets hit when I first start the debugging. Now my question is the following: what makes this class being the first class to get called when VS starts? In other words, why this class gets active and it runs as of some code instantiate an object of this class type? Here is the only two files in the sample project: TextAdornment1Factory.cs using System.ComponentModel.Composition; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Utilities; namespace TextAdornment1 { #region Adornment Factory /// /// Establishes an to place the adornment on and exports the /// that instantiates the adornment on the event of a 's creation /// [Export(typeof(IWpfTextViewCreationListener))] [ContentType("text")] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] internal sealed class TextAdornment1Factory : IWpfTextViewCreationListener { /// /// Defines the adornment layer for the adornment. This layer is ordered /// after the selection layer in the Z-order /// [Export(typeof(AdornmentLayerDefinition))] [Name("TextAdornment1")] [Order(After = PredefinedAdornmentLayers.Selection, Before = PredefinedAdornmentLayers.Text)] [TextViewRole(PredefinedTextViewRoles.Document)] public AdornmentLayerDefinition editorAdornmentLayer = null; /// <summary> /// Instantiates a TextAdornment1 manager when a textView is created. /// </summary> /// <param name="textView">The <see cref="IWpfTextView"/> upon which the adornment should be placed</param> public void TextViewCreated(IWpfTextView textView) { new TextAdornment1(textView); } } #endregion //Adornment Factory } TextAdornment1.cs using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Media; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Editor; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Formatting; namespace TextAdornment1 { /// ///TextAdornment1 places red boxes behind all the "A"s in the editor window /// public class TextAdornment1 { IAdornmentLayer _layer; IWpfTextView _view; Brush _brush; Pen _pen; ITextView textView; public TextAdornment1(IWpfTextView view) { _view = view; _layer = view.GetAdornmentLayer("TextAdornment1"); textView = view; //Listen to any event that changes the layout (text changes, scrolling, etc) _view.LayoutChanged += OnLayoutChanged; _view.Closed += new System.EventHandler(_view_Closed); //selectedText(); //Create the pen and brush to color the box behind the a's Brush brush = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromArgb(0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff)); brush.Freeze(); Brush penBrush = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red); penBrush.Freeze(); Pen pen = new Pen(penBrush, 0.5); pen.Freeze(); _brush = brush; _pen = pen; } void _view_Closed(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show(textView.Selection.IsEmpty.ToString()); } /// <summary> /// On layout change add the adornment to any reformatted lines /// </summary> private void OnLayoutChanged(object sender, TextViewLayoutChangedEventArgs e) { foreach (ITextViewLine line in e.NewOrReformattedLines) { this.CreateVisuals(line); } } private void selectedText() { } /// <summary> /// Within the given line add the scarlet box behind the a /// </summary> private void CreateVisuals(ITextViewLine line) { //grab a reference to the lines in the current TextView IWpfTextViewLineCollection textViewLines = _view.TextViewLines; int start = line.Start; int end = line.End; //Loop through each character, and place a box around any a for (int i = start; (i < end); ++i) { if (_view.TextSnapshot[i] == 'a') { SnapshotSpan span = new SnapshotSpan(_view.TextSnapshot, Span.FromBounds(i, i + 1)); Geometry g = textViewLines.GetMarkerGeometry(span); if (g != null) { GeometryDrawing drawing = new GeometryDrawing(_brush, _pen, g); drawing.Freeze(); DrawingImage drawingImage = new DrawingImage(drawing); drawingImage.Freeze(); Image image = new Image(); image.Source = drawingImage; //Align the image with the top of the bounds of the text geometry Canvas.SetLeft(image, g.Bounds.Left); Canvas.SetTop(image, g.Bounds.Top); _layer.AddAdornment(AdornmentPositioningBehavior.TextRelative, span, null, image, null); } } } } } }

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  • Unit Testing: hard dependency MessageBox.Show()

    - by Sean B
    What ways can the SampleConfirmationDialog be unit tested? The SampleConfirmationDialog would be exercised via acceptance tests, however how could we unit test it, seeing as MessageBox is not abstract and no matching interface? public interface IConfirmationDialog { /// <summary> /// Confirms the dialog with the user /// </summary> /// <returns>True if confirmed, false if not, null if cancelled</returns> bool? Confirm(); } /// <summary> /// Implementation of a confirmation dialog /// </summary> public class SampleConfirmationDialog : IConfirmationDialog { /// <summary> /// Confirms the dialog with the user /// </summary> /// <returns>True if confirmed, false if not, null if cancelled</returns> public bool? Confirm() { return MessageBox.Show("do operation x?", "title", MessageBoxButton.YesNo, MessageBoxImage.Question) == MessageBoxResult.Yes; } }

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  • "Overriding" instance variables in subtype: Possible risks?

    - by sebastiangeiger
    Say I had a class SuperClass and two subclasses SubClassA and SubClassB that inherit from SuperClass. abstract class SuperClass{ ... List someList; ... } class SubClassA extends SuperClass{ ... List<String> someList; ... } class SubClassB extends SuperClass{ ... List<Integer> someList; ... } That way it is convenient because I can get someList.size() in Superclass and have Typesafety in the Subclasses. The problem is that it does not "feel" right, can you think of potential hazards this apporach has that I am not aware of?

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  • How can I pass a type as a parameter in scala?

    - by rsan
    I'm having a really hard time trying to figure out how can I store or pass a type in scala. What I want to achive is something like this: abstract class Foo( val theType : type ) object Foo{ case object Foo1 extends Foo(String) case object Foo2 extends Foo(Long) } So at some point I can do this: theFoo match{ case String => "Is a string" case Long => "Is a long" } and when obtaining the object being able to cast it: theFoo.asInstanceOf[Foo1.theType] Is this possible? If is possible, is a good aproach? What I'm trying to achieve ultimately is writing a pseudo schema for byte stream treatment. E.g if I have an schema Array(Foo1,Foo1,Foo2,Foo3,Foo1) I could parse Arrays of bytes that complain with that schema, if at some point I have a different stream of bytes I could just write a new schema Array(Foo3, Foo4, Foo5) without having to reimplement parsing logic. Regards,

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  • what else to do to establish many-to-many associations in Ruby on Rails? thanks!

    - by john
    Hi, I have two classes and I want to establish a many-to-many assications, here is the code: class Category < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :events has_and_belongs_to_many :tips end class Tip < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :categories However, I kept getting the following errors and I would appreciate it if some one could educate me what is going wrong: PGError: ERROR: relation "categories_tips" does not exist : SELECT "categories".id FROM "categories" INNER JOIN "categories_tips" ON "categories".id = "categories_tips".category_id WHERE ("categories_tips".tip_id = NULL ) the viewer part: 4: <%= text_field :tip, :title %></label></p> 5: 6: <p><label>Categories<br/> 7: <%= select_tag('categories[]', options_for_select(Category.find(:all).collect {|c| [c.name, c.id] }, @tip.category_ids), :multiple => true ) %></label></p> 8: 9: <p><label>Location<br/> 10: <%= text_field_with_auto_complete :tip, :abstract %></label></p>

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  • How to create GUI as inner class with WindowBuilder

    - by Tim Kemp
    I would like to use WindowBuilder in Eclipse to construct Swing GUIs. The JPanels I need to build will be inner classes in a non-GUI wrapper, like so: public class MyWrapper extends MyBaseClass { ... class MyPanel extends JPanel { ... } } So my question is this: can I construct MyPanel using WindowBuilder? If so, how should I set it up? If anyone is interested, the wrapper is an abstract base class which the plug-ins I am developing for my app must extend; deployment concerns mean that it's not really practical to put the GUIs in a separate JAR either so I pretty much have to do it this way. My current workflow, which is awful, is to build the GUI in NetBeans and paste the entire generated class into Eclipse where I connect it up to the methods in my wrapper. I am very hopeful that WindowBuilder will let me work more reliably and efficiently if I can trick it into generating code in MyPanel, not MyWrapper. Thanks

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  • Passing object through WCF so that server receives client changes

    - by cvig
    I would like to set up a WCF service so that any changes a client makes to an object I send them are also reflected on the server side. For example, if Assembly A has the following... namespace AssemblyA { public class Person { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } } [ServiceContract] public interface IServer { [OperationContract] Person GetPerson(); } } And Assembly B references Assembly A... using AssemblyA; namespace AssemblyB { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { <snip> IServer server = factory.CreateChannel(); Person person = server.GetPerson(); person.FirstName = "Kilroy"; person.LastName = "WuzHere"; } } } What is the easiest/best way to make it so that the service's copy of the Person object also reflects the changes that the client makes? Is this even possible?

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  • Needs opinions based on design guidelines .

    - by Abu Hamzah
    i am in the process of desigining my domain model and i know its very hard to suggest without knowledge of domain but what i am asking is how to implement or the best way of implementing the baseclass in my domain model. here are few classes: PartialPerson.cs Facilities.cs Visit.cs EntryPoint.cs etc.... my baseclass looks like this: public abstract class BaseClass { public int InfoId { get; } public int PersonId { get; } } here is what i am confused and need help. how do i implement the above baseclass? in the PartialPerson,Facilities,Visit...

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  • imageview draw issue with asynctask

    - by alexb
    Have the following asynctask that i'm using to download some images. Works fine except for the very first image, which doesn't always appears unless I do something like move to the next image and then back again. public class DownloadImageTask extends AsyncTask { static ImageView _imageView=null; public DownloadImageTask(ImageView ctl){ _imageView=ctl; } protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result) { _imageView.setImageBitmap(result); } ... } I thought this might be an issue with updating the UI on a background thread, so I reworked this using an abstract class that invokes a method on the UI thread that calls .setImageBitmap() but I still get the same behaviour - works fine for all images except the first, unless I move to the next image and back again. Is there a way to force a redraw on the imageview after i set the image?

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  • What are the requirements of a collection type when model binding?

    - by Richard Ev
    I have been reviewing model binding with collections, specifically going through this article http://weblogs.asp.net/nmarun/archive/2010/03/13/asp-net-mvc-2-model-binding-for-a-collection.aspx However, the model I would like to use in my code does not implement collections using generic lists. Instead it uses its own collection classes, which inherit from a custom generic collection base class, the declaration of which is public abstract class CollectionBase<T> : IEnumerable<T> The collections in my POSTed action method are all non-null, but contain no elements. Can anyone advise?

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  • Why don't hardware failures show up at the programming language level?

    - by Julian Cienfuegos
    I am wondering if anyone can give my a good answer, or at least point me in the direction of a good reference to the following question: How come I have never heard of a computer breaking in a very fundamental way? How come when I declare x to be a double it stays as a double? How come there is never a short circuit that robs it of some bytes and makes it an integer? Why do we have faith that when we initialize x to 10, there will never be a power surge that will cause it to become 11, or something similar? I think I need a better understanding of memory. Thanks, and please don't bash me over the head for such a simple/abstract question.

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