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• Cannot connect to local network shares when connected to VPN. Error: "the user name could not be found"

  - by Nick G

  I keep finding that on our small company LAN (7 users, 3 servers) that some servers keep becoming "not accessible" for the purposes of file sharing. They display the message "\SERVER is not accessible. You might not have permission to use this network resource. The user name could not be found". But I don't know why "the user name could not be found" as all the machines are on the same domain and the PDC and BDC seem to be behaving OK. EDIT: VPN seems to be the cause: It turns out I can see the server if I use the IP address (\\1.2.3.4\ etc) or the FQ active directory name (eg \server.domainname.local) but not if I use the server name on its own or a mapped network drive originally created from the "short" name. Oddly though, my machine has no issue resolving the server's DNS name as I can ping the machine name OK and it immediately comes back with the IP, however nslookup seems to fail. It seems to be a problem with how Windows looks up machine names when connected to VPNs. When I'm connected to a VPN, windows seems to use the DNS assocated with the VPN and not the one on the domain controller. This behavior to me, seems incorrect as surely that would mean connecting to any VPN would break any ability to lookup local machine names for servers and printers etc. So I guess the real question now is, how can I make my machine still search the local Active Directory DNS (the PDC) even when connected to a VPN? More info in my comments below.

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• What's up with stat on MacOSX/Darwin? Or filesystems without names...

  - by Charles Stewart

  In response to a question I asked on SO, Give the mount point of a path, one respondant suggested using stat to get the device name associated with the volume of a given path. This works nicely on Linux, but gives crazy results on MacOSX 10.4. For my system, df and mount give: cas cas$ df Filesystem 512-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/disk0s3 58342896 49924456 7906440 86% / devfs 194 194 0 100% /dev fdesc 2 2 0 100% /dev <volfs> 1024 1024 0 100% /.vol automount -nsl [166] 0 0 0 100% /Network automount -fstab [170] 0 0 0 100% /automount/Servers automount -static [170] 0 0 0 100% /automount/static /dev/disk2s1 163577856 23225520 140352336 14% /Volumes/Snapshot /dev/disk2s2 409404102 5745938 383187960 1% /Volumes/Sparse cas cas$ mount /dev/disk0s3 on / (local, journaled) devfs on /dev (local) fdesc on /dev (union) <volfs> on /.vol automount -nsl [166] on /Network (automounted) automount -fstab [170] on /automount/Servers (automounted) automount -static [170] on /automount/static (automounted) /dev/disk2s1 on /Volumes/Snapshot (local, nodev, nosuid, journaled) /dev/disk2s2 on /Volumes/Sparse (asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid) Trying to get the devices from the mount points, though: cas cas$ df | grep -e/ | awk '{print $NF}' | while read line; do echo $line $(stat -f"%Sdr" $line); done / disk0s3r /dev ???r /dev ???r /.vol ???r /Network ???r /automount/Servers ???r /automount/static ???r /Volumes/Snapshot disk2s1r /Volumes/Sparse disk2s2r Here, I'm feeding each of the mount points scraped from df to stat, outputting the results of the "%Sdr" format string, which is supposed to be the device name: Cf. stat(1) man page: The special output specifier S may be used to indicate that the output, if applicable, should be in string format. May be used in combination with: ... dr Display actual device name. What's going on? Is it a bug in stat, or some Darwin VFS weirdness? Postscript Per Andrew McGregor, try passing "%Sd" to stat for more weirdness. It lists some apparently arbitrary subset of files from CWD...

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• Outbound HTTP performance tuning recommendations

  - by Richard Gadsden

  I'll detail my exact setup below, but general recommendations for a better web-browsing experience will be useful. A nice checklist of things to try would be great! I have 600 users on a single site with an 8MB leased line. I get a lot of moans about the performance of "the internet" (ie web-browsing). What recommendations do the community have for speeding things up without just throwing more bandwidth at it? I expect I will end up buying some more, but good management tips are always valuable. My setup is this: Cisco PIX (515E) firewall on the edge of the network. It's just doing some basic NAT, and opening up a handful of ports to various bastion hosts (aka DMZ servers). The DMZ is just a switch that the servers are plugged into. ISA 2006 Enterprise array (two servers) connecting DMZ to the internal LAN, with WebSense Web Security filtering HTTP traffic so users can't look at porn or waste bandwidth on YouTube during working hours. I've done a few things - I've just switched my internal DNS over to use root hints, which halved DNS query latency from 500ms to 250ms. Well worth doing. I'm trying to cache more aggressively, but so much more of the internet is AJAXy and doesn't cache very well as compared to five years ago. Plus the 70GB of cache which felt like a lot a few years ago really isn't any more. I'm getting about 45% cache hits by number of requests, but only about 22% by size, ie larger objects are less likely to be cached. Latency seems to be part of the problem. Is that attributable to the bandwidth problem, or are there things I can look at to try to reduce latency even on heavily-loaded bandwidth?

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• 2 Server FC SAN Configuration

  - by BSte

  I have 2 identical servers: -48GB Ram -8GigE NIC's -2FC NIC's -2x72GB RAID1 Hard Drives -Server 2008R2 Host I also Have a Fibre Channel SAN: -16x146GB RAID10 Hard Drives -2xDual-port FC Controllers (Controller A and B both have ports 1 and 2) -Server 1 has Fiber to Ports A1 and B1 -Server 2 has Fiber to Ports A2 and B2 -I kept the default config with 1 Virtual Disk and 1 Volume -The default mappings show ports A1,A2,B1,B2 on LUN 0 with read-write My goal is: -2xVM's with IIS and Guest Level Failover -2xVM's with SQL 2008 Enterprise using a Single DB and Guest Level Failover -1xVM that is an application server, preferable with Host Failover. From what I read, this will also need AD for clustering to work. -I need at least 1 VM always running for IIS and the SQLDB. This includes hardware failover and application (ie: reboot a VM for Critical updates) I was told I could install the VM's and run them from the SAN, and this is what I've tried: Installed MPIO and HyperV on Server1 and Server 2 Added the SAN as Disk E: on both servers, made it GPT and formatted NTFS Configured HyperV on both server to store use E:\VD and E:\VHD On server1, I was able to install 3 VM's on the SAN and all worked well. On server2, I would start installing the other 2 VM's, but always at some point the VM's would get a corrupt .VHD message (either server). Everything I found about the message typically related to antivirus, so I removed all antivirus on both Host servers (now only running 2008R2). I reformatted drive E: (SAN), recreated the VHD and VD directories, installed 3 VM's on Server 1, and then had the same issue when installing VM's on Server2. Obviously something is wrong, but I'm not certain what exactly. My questions: 1) Are my goals possible with this hardware setup? -I've read 2008R2 supports FC SAN's, but a lot of articles seem to only give examples with iSCSCI setups 2) What would be the suggested route on setting up the SAN (disks,volumes,LUN's)? I've worked with HyperV on a single machine before and never had issues. Actual experience working on SAN's and clustering is new to me. Any suggestions or recommendations to get me in the right direction would be much appreciated.

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• To clone or to automate a system installation?

  - by Shtééf

  Let's say you're setting up a cluster of servers performing the same task. Or say you're just setting up a bunch of different servers, but you expect to use a base configuration on all of your servers. Would it be better practice to create a base image and clone it, or to automate the installation and configuration? I occasionally end up in this argument with my boss, in situations where we're time-pressed. When he sees me struggle with perfecting the automation, his suggestion is often to clone the entire disk to the other machines. But my instinct has always been to avoid cloning. This is mostly from an Ubuntu perspective, but the question is fairly general. My reasons for avoiding cloning are: On a typical install, even if it's fresh, there are already several unique identifiers installed: filesystem UUIDs, SSH host keys, among others. These would have to be regenerated. Network needs to be reconfigured for each clone. This would need to be done off-line, of course, or the settings will conflict with other machines on the network. On the other hand, some of the cloning advantages are quite clear as well: (Initially?) less effort required than automating configuration. Tools exist to quickly address (some) of the above disadvantages. (I can see right through my own bias there.)

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• Help diagnosing Likewise Open Active Directory authentication problem

  - by purpletonic

  I have two servers which were up until recently authenticating against the companies Active Directory Domain controller. I believe a recent change to the Active Directory administrator password caused the servers to stop authenticating against AD. I tried to add the servers back to the domain using the command: domainjoin-cli join example.com adusername this seemed to work without complaints, but when I try to login via ssh with my domain account, I get an invalid password error. When I run the command: lw-enum-users it prints all of the domain users, and looking up my own account, I see that it is valid and my password hasn't expired. I also ran lw-get-status and received the following: LSA Server Status: Agent version: 5.0.0 Uptime: 0 days 3 hours 35 minutes 46 seconds [Authentication provider: lsa-activedirectory-provider] Status: Online Mode: Un-provisioned Domain: example.com Forest: example.com Site: Default-First-Site-Name Online check interval: 300 seconds \[Trusted Domains: 1\] \[Domain: EXAMPLE\] DNS Domain: example.com Netbios name: EXAMPLE Forest name: example.com Trustee DNS name: Client site name: Default-First-Site-Name Domain SID: S-1-5-24-1081533780-4562211299-822531512 Domain GUID: 057f0239-7715-4711-e64b-eb5eeed20e65 Trust Flags: \[0x001d\] \[0x0001 - In forest\] \[0x0004 - Tree root\] \[0x0008 - Primary\] \[0x0010 - Native\] Trust type: Up Level Trust Attributes: \[0x0000\] Trust Direction: Primary Domain Trust Mode: In my forest Trust (MFT) Domain flags: \[0x0001\] \[0x0001 - Primary\] \[Domain Controller (DC) Information\] DC Name: dc1.example.com DC Address: 10.11.0.103 DC Site: Default-First-Site-Name DC Flags: \[0x000003fd\] DC Is PDC: yes DC is time server: yes DC has writeable DS: yes DC is Global Catalog: yes DC is running KDC: yes [Authentication provider: lsa-local-provider] Status: Online Mode: Local system Anyone got any ideas what might be occurring? Thanks in advance!

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• Dynamically add Server 2008 NLB Nodes

  - by Nick Jacques

  Hi All, I have a small NLB cluster for Terminal Servers. One of the things we're looking at doing for this particular project (this is for a college class) is dynamically creating Terminal Servers. What we've done is create policies for a certain OU, that sets the proper TS Farm properties and installs the Terminal Server role and NLB feature. Now what we'd like to do is create a script to be run on our Domain Controller to add hosts to the preexisting NLB cluster. On our Server 2008 R2 Domain Controller, I was thinking of running the following PowerShell script I've kind of hacked together. Any thoughts on if this will work? Is there any way I can trigger this script to run on the DC once all the scripts to install roles are done on the various Terminal Servers? Thanks very much in advance!! Import-Module NetworkLoadBalancingClusters $TermServs = @() $Interface = "Local Area Connection" $ou = [ADSI]"LDAP://OU=Term Servs,DC=example,DC=com" foreach ($child in $ou.psbase.Children) { if ($child.ObjectCategory -like '*computer*') {$TermServs += $child.Name} } foreach ($TS in $TermServs) { Get-NlbCluster 172.16.0.254 | Add-NlbClusterNode -NewNodeName $TS -NewNodeInterface $Interface }

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• Occasional "Could not load file or assembly" in asmx WebService on IIS and DFS

  - by jesse-mcdowell

  We have a handfull of ASMX web service hosted on two identical Windows Server 2003 boxes. The virtual directory for the web services is loaded in a DFS share, both servers point to the same share. We have a load balancer between the internet and the two web servers. At a seemingly random interval (right now about twice per week) when a user tries to access a method on the web service, IIS returns the error: "Could not load file or assembly" for one of the assemblies used in the method call, and will continue reporting it each time the method is called until the app pool is recycled. We haven't found any distinguishable pattern to the problem. This is what I know: the missing assembly varies (but it's always a home-brew assembly) the Web Service method that fails varies there is no noticeable pattern to the times or intervals where the problem appears there are no admin users accessing the servers when the problem appears the failing method will work correctly on one server and fail on the other, even though both point to the same bin folder the problem can always be corrected by recycling the app pool and making no other changes I have enabled the Assembly Binder Log, and know that the binder is looking in the correct location for the file. Our assemblies are compiled for .Net 3.5.

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• upstart config to start sync daemon as non-root user

  - by Rudiger Wolf

  I am planning to use inosync to sync data from master server to several client servers. I have created a user called rsyncuser in both master and slaves with access permissions and passwordless ssh access from master to slave servers. Inosync is working when I use it from the command line as rsyncuser. Next I want this to start automatically when server is turned on. I figured upstart is the way to get this working. I am unable to find the right upstart command to get this working. Here is my upstart conf file. The problem seems to be around running "inosync -d -c /etc/inosync/inosync_rsyncuser.py" as a given user. As you can see I have tried a number of various options! description "start inosync to sync data to other CDN Servers as rsyncuser" console output #start on startup #stop on shutdown start on (net-device-up and local-filesystems) stop on runlevel [016] #start on runlevel [2345] #stop on runlevel [!2345] #kill timeout 30 env RUN_AS_USER=rsyncuser expect fork script echo "Inosync updtart job seems to have started" /tmp/upstart.log # exec sudo -u rsyncuser -c "ls -la" /tmp/upstart.log 2&1 # LOGFILE=/var/log/logfile.`date +%Y-%m-%d`.log # exec su - $RUN_AS_USER -c "inosync -d -c /etc/inosync/inosync_rsyncuser.py" $LOGFILE 2&1 # exec su -c "ls -la" /tmp/upstart.log 2&1 # emit inosync_running end script

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• Juniper router dropping pings to external interface

  - by Alexander Garden

  My organization has a Juniper SSG20-WLAN that routes our traffic to the outside world. We've been having intermittent problems with our internet connection so I wrote up a Python script to ping the internal interface of the router, the external interface, a couple of our internal servers, the ISP router our router talks to, their upstream provider, and Google and Yahoo for good measure. It does that about every minute. What I have found is that when our internet goes out, our Juniper router ceases responding to pings on the external interface. Everything past that is, of course, unreachable. The internal interface and our internal servers continue to echo back without interruption. None of the counters indicate dropped packets of any type. They all look normal. The logs complain about VIP servers being unavailable but otherwise nothing indicative of network issues. My questions are these: Does this exonerate our ISP? Or, contrawise, might a problem with the connection be causing the external interface to go down? Is there somewhere else in the SSG20, beside the system log and counters, that might help me track down info on the problem? UPDATE: Turned out that one of the switches between my monitoring box and the router was a router itself, and occasionally diverting from the gateway to itself. Kudos to those who made suggestions along those lines. Not really sure which answer to mark as accepted, as it was really stuff in the comments that turned out to be right. Thanks for the suggestions.

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• HA for Resque & Redis

  - by Chris Go

  Trying to avoid SPOFs for Resque and Redis. Ultimately the client is going to be PHP via (https://github.com/chrisboulton/php-resque). After going through and finding some workable HA for nginx+php-fpm and MySQL (mysql master-master setup as a way to simply master-slave promotion), next up is Resque+Redis. Standard install of Resque uses localhost Redis (at DigitalOcean). I am heavily depending on Amazon Route 53 DNS failover to try to solve this. resque1.domain.com points to localhost redis (redis1.domain.com) = same server resque2.domain.com points to localhost redis (redis2.domain.com) = same server Do resque.domain.com with FAILOVER resque1 as primary and resque2 as secondary. What this means is that most of the time (99%), resque1 should be getting hit with resque2 as just a hot backup. This lets me just have to get 2 servers and makes sure that any hits to resque.domain.com goes somewhere The other way to do this is to break out resque and redis into 4 servers and do it as follows resque1.domain.com - redis.domain.com resque2.domain.com - redis.domain.com redis1.domain.com redis2.domain.com Then setup DNS Failover resque.domain.com - primary: resque1 and secondary: resque2 redis.domain.com - primary: redis1 and secondary: redis2 I'd like to get away for 2 servers if I can but is this 2nd setup much better or negligible? Thanks, Chris

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• Network profile reverts to 'Unidentified' following Windows Update reboot

  - by user140575

  I have searched high and low for a solution to this problem. I have multiple servers running Windows 2000 Server as well as Windows Server 2003, 2003 R2, and 2008 R2. All of these servers are on the same Active Directory domain. The servers run showing the network profile as Domain Network, which is fine and correct. However, when a Windows update is installed, the server changes the profile to Unidentified Network once it has rebooted. This then doesn't allow any traffic to the server. For security reasons, we can't turn the firewalls off for. The only way to fix the problem is to physically be in front of the machine and work on it to change the profile back. Once the Profile has been reinstated to the Domain profile, it will be fine until the next month's update. This happens on all the Windows software mentioned above. The machines are not all identical, so it's not a hardware problem either. If anyone can help I'd be very grateful.

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• Recommended programming language for linux server management and web ui integration

  - by Brendan Martens

  I am interested in making an in house web ui to ease some of the management tasks I face with administrating many servers; think Canonical's Landscape. This means doing things like, applying package updates simultaneously across servers, perhaps installing a custom .deb (I use ubuntu/debian.) Reviewing server logs, executing custom scripts, viewing status information for all my servers. I hope to be able to reuse existing command line tools instead of rewriting the exact same operations in a different language myself. I really want to develop something that allows me to continue managing on the ssh level but offers the power of a web interface for easily applying the same infrastructure wide changes. They should not be mutually exclusive. What are some recommended programming languages to use for doing this kind of development and tying it into a web ui? Why do you recommend the language(s) you do? I am not an experienced programmer, but view this as an opportunity to scratch some of my own itches as well as become a better programmer. I do not care specifically if one language is harder than another, but am more interested in picking the best tools for the job from the beginning. Feel free to recommend any existing projects that already integrate management of many systems into a single cohesive web ui, except Landscape (not free,) Ebox (ebox control center not free) and webmin (I don't like it, feels clunky and does not integrate well with the "debian way" of maintaining a server, imo. Also, only manages one system.) Thanks for any ideas! Update: I am not looking to reinvent the wheel of systems management, I just want to "glue" many preexisting and excellent tools together where possible and appropriate; this is why I wonder about what languages can interact well with pre-existing command line tools, while making them manageable with a web ui.

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• Performance of Virtual machines on very low end machines

  - by TheLQ

  I am managing a few cheap servers as my user base isn't large enough to get much more powerful servers. I also don't have the money lying around to invest in a server to prepare for the larger user base. So I'm stuck with the old hardware I have. I am toying with the idea of virtualizing all the current OS's with most likely VMware vSphere Hypervisor (AKA ESXi) Xen (ESXi has too strict of an HCL, and my hardware is too old). Big reasons for doing so: Ability to upgrade and scale hardware rapidly - This is most likely what I'll be doing as I distribute services, get a bigger server, centralize (electricity bills are horrible), distribute, get a bigger server, etc... Manually doing this by reinstalling the entire OS would be a big pain Safety from me - I've made many rookie mistakes, like doing lots of risky work on a vital production server. With a VM I can just backup the state, work on my machine, test, and revert if necessary. No worries, and no OS reinstallation Safety from other factors - As I scale servers might go down, and a backup VM can instantly be started. Various other reasons. However the limiting factor here is hardware. And I mean very depressing hardware. The current server's run off of a Pentium 3 and 4, and have 512 MB and 768 MB RAM respectively (RAM can be upgraded soon however). Is the Virtualization layer small enough to run itself and a Linux OS effectively? Will performance be acceptable (50% CPU overhead for every operation isn't acceptable)? Does it leave enough RAM for the Linux OS? Is this even feasible?

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• For Australian audiences, would an uncached .com.au domain resolve faster than an uncached .com?

  - by thomasrutter

  Is there any speed benefit to using a .com.au domain rather than a .com if your customers, hosting and DNS services are in Australia, specifically in the worst typical case (domain is not cached in any local DNS relay for customer)? Assuming that both domains pointed to the same nameservers in the end. I know this is mostly academic because we are talking about a DNS lookup that would take at most a few hundred milliseconds and would only be relevant once at the beginning of a session. I just was curious. I know that an uncached .com lookup will involve consulting at least one ?.gtld-servers.net. server and an uncached .com.au will involve consulting at least one ?.au. server. Now, what I guess I'd need to know is Are the various ?.gtld-servers.net. servers using anycast technology that would have local fully authoritative nodes in Australia, making them just as fast to Australians as ?.au. and avoiding a 200ms+ overseas latency, or are some or all of them hosted only in the US or in the northern hemisphere?

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• System Idle Process network traffic?-Updated

  - by Moab

  I was using NetBalancer and noticed network traffic on an unidentified service, but when I highlight it and then go to the lower center pane and click the parent process it says it is the System Idle process, it is showing incoming and outgoing traffic in the upper pane, anyone know why this Windows System Idle Process is talking on the network? Windows 7 HP 64bit . . . Edit, after blocking the traffic for that unidentified Service I checked my event viewer (Windows LogsSystem) and found 3 new events that were never recorded before and matched the time I blocked the traffic. So is this part of the Windows local DNS cache? Event ID 1014 DNS Client Events Name resolution for the name dns.msftncsi.com timed out after none of the configured DNS servers responded. dns.msftncsi.com Name resolution for the name wpad.home timed out after none of the configured DNS servers responded. wpad Name resolution for the name mscrl.microsoft.com timed out after none of the configured DNS servers responded. mscrl.microsoft.com . Then My Web Browser refused to work, I re-enabled the traffic and all returned to normal. .

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• Apache doesn't immediately notice a change in the document root

  - by Tom

  We use capistrano for website deployments and our Apache document root is a symlink to a particular code release. The deployment procedure switches the symlink from the old release to the new release as the final step of the deployment. We are migrating our webservers from real servers running RHEL 5.6 to Amazon EC2 virtual machines running Ubuntu 11.10 and the new servers are suffering from a problem where Apache doesn't immediately notice the change to it's document root when the symlink is switched. It can take a second or so (and I think I've even seen it take a couple of minutes). It's kind of like Apache has cached the physical path of the symlink for some time. Does anyone know some Apache settings I could look at to get it to "scan" for changes to it's served files quicker. Thoughts: I read that the disks on virtual machines are much slower (since they are network attached storage). Perhaps the filesystem cache somehow works differently too? If so, is there anything that can be done? The website runs PHP code. Perhaps there is some PHP config differences between RHEL and Ubuntu? I checked realpath_cache_ttl but both servers have it commented out: e.g. ; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given ; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this ; value. ; http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.realpath-cache-ttl ;realpath_cache_ttl = 120 We do use the APC opcode cache but don't think it's the issue due to experimentation. The PHP code is in different file paths for each deployment and we ensure stat=1. Here is a similar question that is very interesting: 294107 - but doesn't provide an answer for me. One solution would be to reload Apache everytime we modify the document root symlink. I'll do this if we can't find another solution.

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• HTTP Upload Problems

  - by jfoster

  We are running a marketplace on ColdFusion8 and IIS with a widely geographically distributed user base and have been receiving complaints of issues with some HTTP uploads. Most of the complaints are coming from geographically distant locations from our main datacenter on the US east coast. I've attempted to upload the same 70MB file from a US West coast test server to both our main site and a backup running the same code on a different network route and I saw the same issues fairly consistently in both places, so I've ruled out the code, route, and internal network errors. I've also tested uploads using both the native cf upload tag and a third party tool called SaFileUp. I saw the same issues with both upload tools, so I also don't think this is necessarily a ColdFusion problem. I don't have any problems uploading the test file from the East coast to other east coast servers, so I'm beginning to think that the distance between our users and our equipment is a factor. I've also found that smaller files are more likely to succeed than large ones (< 10MB) I tried the test upload with both IE and FF and did notice a difference in the way that the browsers seemed to handle packet errors. IE seemed to have a tough time continuing an upload after dropped / bad packets, whereas FF seemed to have the ability to gracefully resume an upload after experiencing packet problems. Has anyone experienced similar issues? Is there anything we can do on our side to make uploads more forgiving to packet loss or resumable after an error? A different upload tool etc… Do we need upload servers in more than one location to shorten the network routes between clients and servers? Does anyone think that switching uploads to SSL will help (no layer7 packet sniffing may lead to a smoother upload). Thanks.

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• Is Windows Server 2008R2 NAP solution for NAC (endpoint security) valuable enough to be worth the hassles?

  - by Warren P

  I'm learning about Windows Server 2008 R2's NAP features. I understand what network access control (NAC) is and what role NAP plays in that, but I would like to know what limitations and problems it has, that people wish they knew before they rolled it out. Secondly, I'd like to know if anyone has had success rolling it out in a mid-size (multi-city corporate network with around 15 servers, 200 desktops) environment with most (99%) Windows XP SP3 and newer Windows clients (Vista, and Win7). Did it work with your anti-virus? (I'm guessing NAP works well with the big name anti-virus products, but we're using Trend micro.). Let's assume that the servers are all Windows Server 2008 R2. Our VPNs are cisco stuff, and have their own NAC features. Has NAP actually benefitted your organization, and was it wise to roll it out, or is it yet another in the long list of things that Windows Server 2008 R2 does, but that if you do move your servers up to it, you're probably not going to want to use. In what particular ways might the built-in NAP solution be the best one, and in what particular ways might no solution at all (the status quo pre-NAP) or a third-party endpoint security or NAC solution be considered a better fit? I found an article where a panel of security experts in 2007 say NAC is maybe "not worth it". Are things better now in 2010 with Win Server 2008 R2?

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• Windows AD DNS: Event ID 5504

  - by Chris_K

  Two of my AD controllers (both running DNS service) appear to be having a similar issue. Both are throwing lots of events in the DNS events that look like this: Event Type: Information Event Source: DNS Event Category: None Event ID: 5504 Date: 5/24/2010 Time: 11:51:38 AM User: N/A Computer: ALPHA Description: The DNS server encountered an invalid domain name in a packet from 76.74.137.6. The packet will be rejected. The event data contains the DNS packet. That will come with the same event, same time, with a packet from 76.74.137.7 as well. I know this is "Information" not an error, but since it is new and different it bothers me (yes, I fear unexplained change!) Both machines are running Windows 2003 R2 SP2. The DNS servers are not exposed to the internet. Both DNS servers are configured to use OpenDNS for Forwarders. For both servers, this started about a week ago. Any thoughts on: 1) should I be concerned? 2) how can I stop/fix this? To keep it interesting, I have a 3rd AD / DNS box. Same domain, different Active Directory site. Same forwarders, yet doesn't have this issue.

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• Redundant Microsoft server solution for small company

  - by MadBoy

  I'm planning to change one server Microsoft SBS 2003 with SharePoint, Exchange and SQL database into something that will provide me with some redundancy and won't be single point of failure. I was thinking to buy 2x exactly the same physical servers and put 2 virtualized servers on HyperV or VMWare on each. Then i would put SharePoint, Exchange and SQL on that 1 physical server (shared onto 2x VM's). I would like 2nd physical server to be exact duplicate of the first one so that when 1st server goes down (for reboot or hw failure), 2nd takes care of everything so that users don't even see anything changed (in terms all their emails, sharepoint stuff is available). My questions are: Will I have to pay for licenses for both servers even thou only one instance of SharePoint, Exchange, SQL will be used at same time? What are proposed solutions to do that? Any additional hardware I would need, any complicated software configuration to be expected to configure such redundancy so that when one physical server goes down 2nd one is taking care of rest? What problems should I expect? This solution is for 60 people. Later on it may or may expand.

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• Symantec Protection Suite Enterprise Edition

  - by rihatum

  We (our company) are planning to deploy Symantec Endpoint Protection and Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 Desktop Edition to our 3000 - 4000 workstations (Windows7 32 and 64) with a few 100s with Windows XP 32/64 Bit. I have read the implementation guide for SEP and have read tech-notes for Desktop Recovery 2011. Our team have planned to deploy this as follows : 1 x dedicated SQL 2008R2 for Symantec Endpoint Protection (Instead of using the Embedded Database) 1 x Dedicated SQL 2008R2 for Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 (Instead of using the Embedded Database) 1 x Dedicated W2K8 R2 Box for the SEPM (Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager - Mgmt. APP) 1 x Dedicated W2K8 R2 Box for the Symantec Desktop Recovery 2011 Management Application Agent Deployment : As per Symantec Documentation for both of the above, an agent can be pushed via the Mgmt. Application (provided no firewalls are blocking ports required etc. - we have Windows firewall disabled already). Above is the initial plan we have for 3000 - 4000 client workstation (Windows) Now my Questions :-) a) If we had these users distributed amongst two sites with AD DC / GC in each site, How would I restrict SEPM and Desktop Mgmt. solution to only check for users in their respective site ? b) At present all users are under one building but we are going to move some dept. to a new location (with dedicated connectivity), How would we control which SEPM / MGMT Server is responsible for which site ? c) What Hardware would you recommend as a Server spec for the SQL server 16GB RAM, Dual XEON? d) What Hardware would you recommend as a Server spec for the MGMT Servers 16GB RAM each with DUAL xeon and sas disks? e) Also, how do you or would you recommend to protect these 4 servers (2 x SQL and 2 x MGMT Servers)? f) How would you recommend to store backups for these desktops? We do have a SAN and a NAS in our environment and we do have one spare DAS (Dell MD3000). If you have anything to add / correct - that will be really helpful before diving into the actual implementation phase. Will be most grateful with your suggestions, recommendations and corrections with above - Many Thanks ! Rihatum

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• How do I set up DNS with nic.io to point to an AWS EC2 server?

  - by Chad Johnson

  I purchased a domain one week ago via nic.io. I have elected to provide my own DNS [because they provided no other option]. I'm trying to point my .io domain at my EC2 server instance. I've allocated an elastic IP and associated it with the instance. I can SSH into the instance and access point 80 via the IP address just fine. The IP is 54.235.201.241. nic.io support said the following: "You have selected to provide your own DNS and therefore if there is an issue with the set-up of the name servers you will need to contact your DNS provider." So, I created a Hosted Zone via Route 53 in AWS. This created NS and SOA records. I then set the Primary and Secondary servers at nic.io's domain admin page to the SOA record domains. Additionally, I set the optional servers to the NS domains. I did this two days ago, and I can't access the server via the domain. I ran a DNS check here...still not sure what I need to do: http://mydnscheck.com/?domain=chadjohnson.io&ns1=&ns2=&ns3=&ns4=&ns5=&ns6=. I have no idea what I'm supposed to do. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• Disabled FRS replication on a DFS link, but the targets still list the replica set in their FRS conf

  - by Graeme Donaldson

  It's been a while since I've had to deal with the wonders of FRS, so I'm doing some testing to refresh my memory. This is what I've done so far. I am stuck with FRS rather than DFS-R for the moment since not all of my link targets are running R2. Created a domain-based DFS root, hosted on 4 servers. Created a DFS link under the root, targeted at 2 servers. The shares on both servers were empty. Dropped about 500MB of data into the target folder on one server and waited for replication to complete. Added/removed/modified files on both targets and confirmed that changes are replicated within a few seconds. Deleted the contents of the target folder on 1 server and waited for the other server to replicate the deletion. All of this worked perfectly, so now I want to remove my DFS link since I only created it for testing purposes. This is where it gets weird. I'm pretty sure that in the past I've disabled replication on the DFS link and after a short amount of time each target would log an info event in the FRS event log, something along the lines of "this server is no longer a member of replica set X". I have waited about 3 hours and I haven't seen this happen. ntfrsutl ds tells me that the server is not a member of any set, which is expected because when I disable replication on the link, the AD attributes on the computer object are removed. The weird part is... ntfrsutl sets still shows me the replica set, with all the properties, etc. So it seems like the FRS-related attributes of the target server's AD object are gone, but the FRS service for some reason hasn't removed the replica set. Can anyone see what I have done wrong?

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• Web hosting for multiple web sites providing system isolation

  - by Justin

  We have a small number of projects where we expect the client will not be maintaining the installed versions of applications we install to power the site (such as Drupal). Given that an important part of security is keeping things updated, we don't want to host these projects on our Plesk-powered dedicated servers that currently host lots of our other client's websites. Our goal is to find a host where we can deploy isolated instances (be these slices, virtual servers, grid servers, etc) for each individual (or groups of 2-3) web sites as we need them. These instances would be completely separate, so that if one web site were hacked it would not impact any other site. Typical hosting requirements: Linux Apache PHP 5 MySQL Supports Drupal Ability to setup a cron task (but we don't need SSH access) Daily backups Virtualized/cloud hosting (we want to avoid shared) Pricing per site is around $25/month OS is patched automatically Some options we have considered but won't work: MediaTemple: Two major data center-wide security incidents and recent downtime foster doubt about this host's technical ability. Slicehost: This would require us to manage the entire server, which we don't want to do. Rackspace Cloud Sites (formerly Mosso): No backup options. Do you have any recommended hosting options for given these requirements?

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