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  • Is there any reason to use "plain old data" classes?

    - by Michael
    In legacy code I occasionally see classes that are nothing but wrappers for data. something like: class Bottle { int height; int diameter; Cap capType; getters/setters, maybe a constructor } My understanding of OO is that classes are structures for data and the methods of operating on that data. This seems to preclude objects of this type. To me they are nothing more than structs and kind of defeat the purpose of OO. I don't think it's necessarily evil, though it may be a code smell. Is there a case where such objects would be necessary? If this is used often, does it make the design suspect?

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  • Code and Slides: Building the Account at a Glance ASP.NET MVC, EF Code First, HTML5, and jQuery Application

    - by dwahlin
    This presentation was given at the spring 2012 DevConnections conference in Las Vegas and is based on my Pluralsight course. The presentation shows how several different technologies including ASP.NET MVC, EF Code First, HTML5, jQuery, Canvas, SVG, JavaScript patterns, Ajax, and more can be integrated together to build a robust application. An example of the application in action is shown next: View more of my presentations here. The complete code (and associated SQL Server database) for the Account at a Glance application can be found here. Check out the full-length course on the topic at Pluralsight.com.

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  • How do I overcome paralysis by analysis when coding?

    - by LuxuryMode
    When I start a new project, I often times immediately start thinking about the details of implementation. "Where am I gonna put the DataBaseHandler? How should I use it? Should classes that want to use it extend from some Abstract superclass..? Should I an interface? What level of abstraction am I going to use in my class that contains methods for sending requests and parsing data?" I end up stalling for a long time because I want to code for extensibility and reusability. But I feel it almost impossible to get past thinking about how to implement perfectly. And then, if I try to just say "screw it, just get it done!", I hit a brick wall pretty quickly because my code isn't organized, I mixed levels of abstractions, etc. What are some techniques/methods you have for launching into a new project while also setting up a logical/modular structure that will scale well?

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  • *Code owner* system: is it an efficient way?

    - by sergzach
    There is a new developer in our team. An agile methodology is in use at our company. But the developer has another experience: he considers that particular parts of the code must be assigned to particular developers. So if one developer had created a program procedure or module it would be considered normal that all changes of the procedure/module would be made by him only. On the plus side, supposedly with the proposed approach we save common development time, because each developer knows his part of the code well and makes fixes fast. The downside is that developers don't know the system entirely. Do you think the approach will work well for a medium size system (development of a social network site)?

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  • Is there any reason to use "container" classes?

    - by Michael
    I realize the term "container" is misleading in this context - if anyone can think of a better term please edit it in. In legacy code I occasionally see classes that are nothing but wrappers for data. something like: class Bottle { int height; int diameter; Cap capType; getters/setters, maybe a constructor } My understanding of OO is that classes are structures for data and the methods of operating on that data. This seems to preclude objects of this type. To me they are nothing more than structs and kind of defeat the purpose of OO. I don't think it's necessarily evil, though it may be a code smell. Is there a case where such objects would be necessary? If this is used often, does it make the design suspect?

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  • I sold my source code to a client, can I now re-build similar code and sell to someone else?

    - by flashhag
    So we built a website and software for a client, charged our fee and handed over the code. The client then got a request from another company about the software. The client passed on the request but said since they owned the code they would need to recieve money for it. I'm thinking there are 2 options here: Work with the client as requested We've actually re-built the software, made it much better and use it for other projects. Am i in my rights to sell that direct to the company that enquired about it instead of going through the client? Any help on this would be much appreciated

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  • Organizing code for iOS app development

    - by KronoS
    I've been developing an app for the iOS platform, and as I've been going along, I've noticed that I've done a terrible job of keeping my files (.h, .m, .mm) organized. Is there any industry standards or best practices when it comes to organizing files for an iOS project? My files include custom classes (beside the view controllers), customized View Controllers, third-party content, code that works only on iOS 5.0+ and code that works on previous versions. What I'm looking for is a solution to keep things organized in a manner that others (or myself in years to come) can look at this and understand the basic structure of the application and not get lost in the multiple files found therein.

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  • HG: fork web app project to separate API code from app code

    - by cs_brandt
    I have a web app thats been in active development for about 8 months now and its becoming apparent that the project has a need to maintain a separation between app specific code and our OO Javascript API. What I would like to do is have another repository with the following general structure of the js API code. repo_name | +---build | +---build_tools | +---doc | +---src | +---js Of course this structure is different from the original web app directory structure. If I make changes to this new repository how could I pull in those changes to the web app repository without unintentionally removing files or modifying the directory structure of the web app repository?

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  • Is extensive documentation a code smell?

    - by Griffin
    Every library, open-source project, and SDK/API I've ever come across has come packaged with a (usually large) documentation file, and this seems contradictory to the wide-spread belief that good code needs little to no comments. What separates documentation from this programming methodology? a one to two page overview of a package seems reasonable, but elegant code combined with standard intelisense should have theoretically deprecated the practice of documentation by now IMO. I feel like companies only create detailed documentation and tutorials because its what they've always done. Why should developers have to constantly be searching through online documentation in order to learn how to do things when such information should be intrinsic to the classes, methods and namespaces?

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  • Which is more maintainable -- boolean assignment via if/else or boolean expression?

    - by Bret Walker
    Which would be considered more maintainable? if (a == b) c = true; else c = false; or c = (a == b); I've tried looking in Code Complete, but can't find an answer. I think the first is more readable (you can literally read it out loud), which I also think makes it more maintainable. The second one certainly makes more sense and reduces code, but I'm not sure it's as maintainable for C# developers (I'd expect to see this idiom more in, for example, Python).

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  • Nested languages code smell

    - by l0b0
    Many projects combine languages, for example on the web with the ubiquitous SQL + server-side language + markup du jour + JavaScript + CSS mix (often in a single function). Bash and other shell code is mixed with Perl and Python on the server side, evaled and sometimes even passed through sed before execution. Many languages support runtime execution of arbitrary code strings, and in some it seems to be fairly common practice. In addition to advice about security and separation of concerns, what other issues are there with this type of programming, what can be done to minimize it, and is it ever defensible (except in the "PHB on the shoulder" situation)?

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  • Resources on learning to program in machine code?

    - by AceofSpades
    I'm a student, fresh into programming and loving it, from Java to C++ and down to C. I moved backwards to the barebones and thought to go further down to Assembly. But, to my surprise, a lot of people said it's not as fast as C and there is no use. They suggested learning either how to program a kernel or writing a C compiler. My dream is to learn to program in binary (machine code) or maybe program bare metal (program micro-controller physically) or write bios or boot loaders or something of that nature. The only possible thing I heard after so much research is that a hex editor is the closest thing to machine language I could find in this age and era. Are there other things I'm unaware of? Are there any resources to learn to program in machine code? Preferably on a 8-bit micro-controller/microprocessor. This question is similar to mine, but I'm interested in practical learning first and then understanding the theory.

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  • Coordinating team code review sessions [closed]

    - by Wade Tandy
    My question has two parts: 1) In your team or organization, do you ever do in-person code reviews with all or part of a team, as opposed to online reviews using some sort of tool? 2) How do you structure these meetings? Do you choose to focus on one person's code in a given meeting? Do you look at everything? Take a random sample? Ask people on the team what they'd like to have looked at of theirs? I'd love to add this practice to my development team, so I'd like to hear how others are doing it.

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  • Peer code review for full application

    - by bswinnerton
    My sincerest apologies if this is the wrong place to post something like this, but this seemed like the best fit. I was wondering if there are any websites or resources for a full site peer code review. I'm new to Ruby specifically and want to make sure that my logic is following the overall best standards. I've pieced together multiple different tutorials and I feel like while my understanding is getting better, it'd be great if the overall structure of such an application could be critiqued, and for someone that doesn't really know another Ruby developer - I find that I've run into a roadblock and don't want to develop bad habits now.

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  • C++ Deck and Card Class Error with bad alloc

    - by user3702164
    Just started learn to code in school. Our assignment requires us to create a card game with card,deck and hand class. I am having troubles with it now and i keep getting exception: std::bad_alloc at memory location. Here are my codes right now CardType h: #ifndef cardType_h #define cardType_h #include <string> using namespace std; class cardType{ public: void print(); int getValue() const; string getSymbol() const; string getSpecial() const; string getSuit() const; int checkSpecial(int gscore) const; cardType(); cardType(string suit,int value); private: int value; string special; string symbol; string suit; }; #endif CardType cpp: #include "cardType.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void cardType::print() { cout << getSymbol() << " of " << getSuit() << ", having the value of " << getValue() << "."<< endl <<"This card's special is " << getSpecial() << endl; } int cardType::getValue() const { return value; } string cardType::getSymbol() const { return symbol; } string cardType::getSpecial() const { return special; } string cardType::getSuit() const { return suit; } cardType::cardType(){ value=0; symbol="?"; special='?'; suit='?'; } cardType::cardType(string s, int v){ suit = s; value = v; switch(v){ case 1: // Ace cards have a value of 1 and have no special type symbol="Ace"; special="None"; break; case 2: // 2 cards have a value of 2 and have no special type symbol="2"; special="None"; break; case 3: symbol="3"; // 3 cards have a value of 3 and have no special type special="None"; break; case 4: symbol="4"; // 4 cards have a value of 0 and have a special type "Reverse" which reverses the flow of the game special="Reverse"; value=0; break; case 5: symbol="5"; // 5 cards have a value of 5 and have no special type special="None"; break; case 6: symbol="6"; // 6 cards have a value of 6 and have no special type special="None"; break; case 7: symbol="7"; // 7 cards have a value of 7 and have no special type special="None"; break; case 8: symbol="8"; // 8 cards have a value of 8 and have no special type special="None"; break; case 9: symbol="9"; // 9 cards have a value of 0 and have a special type "Pass" which does not add any value to the game and lets the player skip his turn. special="Pass"; value=0; break; case 10: symbol="10"; // 10 cards have a value of 10 and have a special type "subtract" which instead of adding the 10 value to the total game it is subtracted instead. special="Subtract"; value=10; break; case 11: // Jack cards have a value of 10 and have no special type symbol="Jack"; special="None"; value=10; break; case 12: // Queens cards have a value of 10 and have no special type symbol="Queen"; special="None"; value=10; break; case 13: symbol="King"; // King cards have a value of 0 and have a special type "NinetyNine" which changes the total game score to 99 reguardless what number it was previously special="NinetyNine"; value=0; break; } } int cardType::checkSpecial(int gscore) const{ if(special=="Pass"){ return gscore; } if(special=="Reverse"){ return gscore; } if(special=="Subtract"){ return gscore - value; } if(special=="NinetyNine"){ return 99; } else{ return gscore + value; } } DeckType h: #ifndef deckType_h #define deckType_h #include "cardType.h" #include <string> using namespace std; class deckType { public: void shuffle(); cardType dealCard(); deckType(); private: cardType *deck; int current; }; #endif DeckType cpp: #include <iostream> #include "deckType.h" using namespace std; deckType::deckType() { int index = 0; int current=0; deck = new cardType[52]; string suit[] = {"Hearts","Diamonds","Clubs","Spades"}; int value[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}; for ( int i = 0; i <= 3; i++ ) { for ( int j = 1; j <= 13; j++ ) { deck[index] = cardType(suit[i],value[j]); index++; } } } cardType deckType::dealCard() { return deck[current]; current++; } Main cpp : #include "deckType.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { deckType gamedeck; cout << "1" <<endl; cardType currentCard; cout << "2" <<endl; currentCard = gamedeck.dealCard(); cout << "3" <<endl; return 0; } I keep getting bad_alloc at the currentCard = gamedeck.dealCard(); I really do not know what i have done wrong.

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  • Bad sectors, S.M.A.R.T., SpinRite, firmware on platter and drive id questions.

    - by Christopher Galpin
    Is it possible for S.M.A.R.T. to give false readings (say I was fiddling with lots of recovery programs, transfers, so on and so forth) or is it absolutely a read-only direct correlation to the physical status of a drive? Does SpinRite level 5 "recover bad sectors" operate on those marked at the factory? Are they on the same level as your generic bad sector, with SpinRite thus having full access? (Also I'm curious if SMART's bad sector count is zero'd afterward or if it includes factory marked sectors.) The main firmware of some drives, like a WD Passport is stored on the platter. How is it protected? Is it through marking them as bad sectors? If so, I'm wondering if SpinRite's sector recovery could bring about firmware corruption on these drives. Is the failure of a drive to report valid identity information (hdparm -I /dev/xx) consistent with corrupted firmware, or just general disk failure? I may be misunderstanding the role of firmware here. I feel I've read a drive's identity information is on the platter, just like the partition tables and so on. Is this true? (Apologizes if this is more appropriate for SuperUser.)

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  • Inheritance Mapping Strategies with Entity Framework Code First CTP5: Part 2 – Table per Type (TPT)

    - by mortezam
    In the previous blog post you saw that there are three different approaches to representing an inheritance hierarchy and I explained Table per Hierarchy (TPH) as the default mapping strategy in EF Code First. We argued that the disadvantages of TPH may be too serious for our design since it results in denormalized schemas that can become a major burden in the long run. In today’s blog post we are going to learn about Table per Type (TPT) as another inheritance mapping strategy and we'll see that TPT doesn’t expose us to this problem. Table per Type (TPT)Table per Type is about representing inheritance relationships as relational foreign key associations. Every class/subclass that declares persistent properties—including abstract classes—has its own table. The table for subclasses contains columns only for each noninherited property (each property declared by the subclass itself) along with a primary key that is also a foreign key of the base class table. This approach is shown in the following figure: For example, if an instance of the CreditCard subclass is made persistent, the values of properties declared by the BillingDetail base class are persisted to a new row of the BillingDetails table. Only the values of properties declared by the subclass (i.e. CreditCard) are persisted to a new row of the CreditCards table. The two rows are linked together by their shared primary key value. Later, the subclass instance may be retrieved from the database by joining the subclass table with the base class table. TPT Advantages The primary advantage of this strategy is that the SQL schema is normalized. In addition, schema evolution is straightforward (modifying the base class or adding a new subclass is just a matter of modify/add one table). Integrity constraint definition are also straightforward (note how CardType in CreditCards table is now a non-nullable column). Another much more important advantage is the ability to handle polymorphic associations (a polymorphic association is an association to a base class, hence to all classes in the hierarchy with dynamic resolution of the concrete class at runtime). A polymorphic association to a particular subclass may be represented as a foreign key referencing the table of that particular subclass. Implement TPT in EF Code First We can create a TPT mapping simply by placing Table attribute on the subclasses to specify the mapped table name (Table attribute is a new data annotation and has been added to System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace in CTP5): public abstract class BillingDetail {     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }     public string Number { get; set; } } [Table("BankAccounts")] public class BankAccount : BillingDetail {     public string BankName { get; set; }     public string Swift { get; set; } } [Table("CreditCards")] public class CreditCard : BillingDetail {     public int CardType { get; set; }     public string ExpiryMonth { get; set; }     public string ExpiryYear { get; set; } } public class InheritanceMappingContext : DbContext {     public DbSet<BillingDetail> BillingDetails { get; set; } } If you prefer fluent API, then you can create a TPT mapping by using ToTable() method: protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) {     modelBuilder.Entity<BankAccount>().ToTable("BankAccounts");     modelBuilder.Entity<CreditCard>().ToTable("CreditCards"); } Generated SQL For QueriesLet’s take an example of a simple non-polymorphic query that returns a list of all the BankAccounts: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails.OfType<BankAccount>() select b; Executing this query (by invoking ToList() method) results in the following SQL statements being sent to the database (on the bottom, you can also see the result of executing the generated query in SQL Server Management Studio): Now, let’s take an example of a very simple polymorphic query that requests all the BillingDetails which includes both BankAccount and CreditCard types: projects some properties out of the base class BillingDetail, without querying for anything from any of the subclasses: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails             select new { b.BillingDetailId, b.Number, b.Owner }; -- var query = from b in context.BillingDetails select b; This LINQ query seems even more simple than the previous one but the resulting SQL query is not as simple as you might expect: -- As you can see, EF Code First relies on an INNER JOIN to detect the existence (or absence) of rows in the subclass tables CreditCards and BankAccounts so it can determine the concrete subclass for a particular row of the BillingDetails table. Also the SQL CASE statements that you see in the beginning of the query is just to ensure columns that are irrelevant for a particular row have NULL values in the returning flattened table. (e.g. BankName for a row that represents a CreditCard type) TPT ConsiderationsEven though this mapping strategy is deceptively simple, the experience shows that performance can be unacceptable for complex class hierarchies because queries always require a join across many tables. In addition, this mapping strategy is more difficult to implement by hand— even ad-hoc reporting is more complex. This is an important consideration if you plan to use handwritten SQL in your application (For ad hoc reporting, database views provide a way to offset the complexity of the TPT strategy. A view may be used to transform the table-per-type model into the much simpler table-per-hierarchy model.) SummaryIn this post we learned about Table per Type as the second inheritance mapping in our series. So far, the strategies we’ve discussed require extra consideration with regard to the SQL schema (e.g. in TPT, foreign keys are needed). This situation changes with the Table per Concrete Type (TPC) that we will discuss in the next post. References ADO.NET team blog Java Persistence with Hibernate book a { text-decoration: none; } a:visited { color: Blue; } .title { padding-bottom: 5px; font-family: Segoe UI; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 15px; } .code, .typeName { font-family: consolas; } .typeName { color: #2b91af; } .padTop5 { padding-top: 5px; } .padTop10 { padding-top: 10px; } p.MsoNormal { margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 115%; font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: "Calibri" , "sans-serif"; }

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  • Can this be considered Clean Code / Best Practice?

    - by MRFerocius
    Guys, How are you doing today? I have the following question because I will follow this strategy for all my helpers (to deal with the DB entities) Is this considered a good practice or is it going to be unmaintainable later? public class HelperArea : AbstractHelper { event OperationPerformed<Area> OnAreaInserting; event OperationPerformed<Area> OnAreaInserted; event OperationPerformed<Area> OnExceptionOccured; public void Insert(Area element) { try { if (OnAreaInserting != null) OnAreaInserting(element); DBase.Context.Areas.InsertOnSubmit(new AtlasWFM_Mapping.Mapping.Area { areaDescripcion = element.Description, areaNegocioID = element.BusinessID, areaGUID = Guid.NewGuid(), areaEstado = element.Status, }); DBase.Context.SubmitChanges(); if (OnAreaInserted != null) OnAreaInserted(element); } catch (Exception ex) { LogManager.ChangeStrategy(LogginStrategies.EVENT_VIEWER); LogManager.LogError(new LogInformation { logErrorType = ErrorType.CRITICAL, logException = ex, logMensaje = "Error inserting Area" }); if (OnExceptionOccured != null) OnExceptionOccured(elemento); } } I want to know if it is a good way to handle the event on the Exception to let subscribers know that there has been an exception inserting that Area. And the way to log the Exception, is is OK to do it this way? Any suggestion to make it better?

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  • How to protect compiled Java classes?

    - by Registered User
    I know, many similar questions has been asked here. I am not asking if I can protect my compiled Java class - because obviously you will say 'no you can't'. I am asking what is the best known method of protecting Java classes against de-compiling? If you aware of any research or academic paper in this field please do let me know. Also if you have used some methods or software please share you experience? Any kind of information will be very useful. Thank you.

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  • How can I hide tracing code in Visual Studio IDE C# ?

    - by Mark
    As I'm starting to put more tracing in my code, i'm realizing it adds a lot of clutter. I know Visual Studio allows you to hide and reveal code, however, i'd like to be able group code into "tracing" code and then hide it and reveal at will as i'm reading the code. I suppose it could do this either per file or per class or per function. Is there any way to do this? What do you guys do? Adding some clarification The hide current feature kind of allows you to do this except that when the code is hidden, you can't tell if its tracing or not. You also can't say "hide all tracing code" and "reveal all tracing code" which is useful when reading a function depending on what you are trying to do.

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  • Using Entity Framework (code first) migrations in production

    - by devdigital
    I'm just looking into using EF migrations for our project, and in particular for performing schema changes in production between releases. I can see that generating SQL (delta) script files is an option, but is there no way of running the migrations programmatically on app start up? Will I instead need to add each delta script to the solution and write my own framework to apply them in order (from the current version to the latest) on bootstrap?

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  • Ideas for my MSc project and Google Summer of Code 2011

    - by Chris Wilson
    I'm currently putting together ideas for my master's project which I'll be working on over the summer, and I would like to be able to use this time to help Ubuntu in some way. I have the freedom to come up with pretty much any project in the field of software development/engineering provided it Is a substantial piece of software (for reference, I will be working on it for five full months) Solves a problem for more people than just myself I was hoping to use this project as an opportunity to get some experience with the underbelly of Linux, so that I can mention on my CV that I have 'experience in developing for *NIX in C++', which I'm noticing more and more companies are looking for these days, probably because stuff's moving to cloud servers and that's where Linux rules the roost. My problem is that, since I don't have the experience to begin with, I'm not sure what to do for such a project, and I was wondering if anyone could help me with this. I've noticed from Daniel Holbach's blog that Ubuntu participated in the Google Summer of Code 2010, and that project ideas for that can be found here. However, I have not been able to find anything related to Ubuntu and GSoC 2011, but I have noticed from the GSoC timeline that the list of mentoring organisations will not be published until March 18th. I have two questions here. Has Ubuntu applied to be a part of Summer of Code 2011, and what is the status of the 2010 project list linked to earlier. Were they all implemented or are there still some that can be picked up now, should I not participate in GSoC? I'd like to do something for Ubuntu, but I'd rather not spend my time reinventing the wheel.

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