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• How can I instantiate a base class and then convert it to a derived class?

  - by Eric

  I was wondering how to do this, consider the following classes public class Fruit { public string Name { get; set; } public Color Color { get; set; } } public class Apple : Fruit { public Apple() { } } How can I instantiate a new fruit but upcast to Apple, is there a way to instantiate a bunch of Fruit and make them apples with the name & color set. Do I need to manually deep copy? Of course this fails Fruit a = new Fruit(); a.Name = "FirstApple"; a.Color = Color.Red; Apple wa = a as Apple; System.Diagnostics.Debug.Print("Apple name: " + wa.Name); Do I need to pass in a Fruit to the AppleCTor and manually set the name and color( or 1-n properties) Is there an better design to do this?

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• Weird SQL Server 2005 Collation difference between varchar() and nvarchar()

  - by richardtallent

  Can someone please explain this: SELECT CASE WHEN CAST('iX' AS nvarchar(20)) > CAST('-X' AS nvarchar(20)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END, CASE WHEN CAST('iX' AS varchar(20)) > CAST('-X' AS varchar(20)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END Results: 0 1 SELECT CASE WHEN CAST('i' AS nvarchar(20)) > CAST('-' AS nvarchar(20)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END, CASE WHEN CAST('i' AS varchar(20)) > CAST('-' AS varchar(20)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END Results: 1 1 On the first query, the nvarchar() result is not what I'm expecting, and yet removing the X make the nvarchar() sort happen as expected. (My original queries used the '' and N'' literal syntax to distinguish varchar() and nvarchar() rather than CAST() and got the same result.) Collation setting for the database is SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS.

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• polymorphism pass instantiated base to deriver

  - by Eric

  I was wondering how to do this, consider the following classes public class Fruit { public string Name { get; set; } public Color Color { get; set; } } public class Apple : Fruit { public Apple() { } } How can I instantiate a new fruit but upcast to Apple, is there a way to instantiate a bunch of Fruit and make them apples with the name & color set. Do I need to manually deep copy? Of course this fails Fruit a = new Fruit(); a.Name = "FirstApple"; a.Color = Color.Red; Apple wa = a as Apple; System.Diagnostics.Debug.Print("Apple name: " + wa.Name); Do I need to pass in a Fruit to the AppleCTor and manually set the name and color( or 1-n properties) Is there an better design to do this?

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• c++ dynamic_cast error handling

  - by Nazgob

  Is there any good practice related to dynamic_cast error handling (except not using it when you don't have to)? I'm wondering how should I go about NULL and bad_cast it can throw. Should I check for both? And if I catch bad_cast or detect NULL I probably can't recover anyway... For now, I'm using assert to check if dynamic_cast returned not NULL value. Would you accept this solution on a code review?

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• Casting array of pointers to objects

  - by ritmbo

  If B is subclass of A. And I have in main(): B** b = new B*[10]; ... some algorithm that do b[i] = new B(..); ... So I have an array of pointers to objets B. Then I have a function: void f(A** foo); If in main, I do: f(b); I get a warning, but obviously if I do: f((A**)b);, i dont. The (A**) its a bit nasty. I was wondering if there's a more elegant way in C++ that at least do type checking as dynamic_cast.

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• How does multiple implementing multiple COM interfaces work in C++?

  - by Martin

  I am trying to understand this example code regarding Browser Helper Objects. Inside, the author implements a single class which exposes multiple interfaces (IObjectWithSite, IDispatch). His QueryInterface function performs the following: if(riid == IID_IUnknown) *ppv = static_cast<BHO*>(this); else if(riid == IID_IObjectWithSite) *ppv = static_cast<IObjectWithSite*>(this); else if (riid == IID_IDispatch) *ppv = static_cast<IDispatch*>(this); I have learned that from a C perspective, interface pointers are just pointers to VTables. So I take it to mean that C++ is capable of returning the VTable of any implemented interface using static_cast. Does this mean that a class constructed in this way has a bunch of VTables in memory (IObjectWithSite, IDispatch, etc)? What does C++ do with the name collisions on the different interfaces (they each have a QueryInterface, AddRef and Release function), can I implement different methods for each of these?

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• C++, how implicit conversion/constructor are determined?

  - by aaa

  hello How does C++ determine implicit conversion/construction of objects few levels deep? for example: struct A; struct B: A {}; struct C { operator B(); } void f(A a); f(C()); Does it create tree of all possible conversions and chooses appropriate terminal? Something else? Thanks

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• Force external function to be const

  - by vanna

  Here is my problem. I made a class with a member function declared as const that uses an external function that I cannot modify (declared in someone else's code) and that is not declared const. More precisely Someone else's code class B { public: void foo(); }; My code class A : public B { public: void bar() const { this->foo(); } }; I know that for member data we can force const-correctness by using mutable or const_cast. How can I 'hack' foo such that my compiler understands that I would like to use it as if it was const even if it is not declared in someone else's code ?

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• How to programmatically launch a chromecast app from command line

  - by pushmatrix

  I want to launch a Chromecast app but NOT using the chrome extension or iOS or Android. Doing this from command line. I noticed that you can send a POST to your chromecast, and it will launch an app. For example if I do curl -H “Content-Type: application/json” http://CHROMECAST_IP:8008/apps/YouTube -X POST -d ‘v=oHg5SJYRHA0' Then it will start up youtube. But for some reason I can't do this with custom apps (in dev mode). I thought I'd be able to send a POST to http://CHROMECAST_IP:8008/apps/MY_REGISTERED_APP_ID, but no luck. I just get a 404 response. Hmmm... My app is just a simple webpage (it is not streamed media). I want to run a little headless server that starts my chromecast app everyday via a CRON task. Any help is greatly appreciated! Thanks :)

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• Make interchangeable class types via pointer casting only, without having to allocate any new objects?

  - by HostileFork

  UPDATE: I do appreciate "don't want that, want this instead" suggestions. They are useful, especially when provided in context of the motivating scenario. Still...regardless of goodness/badness, I've become curious to find a hard-and-fast "yes that can be done legally in C++11" vs "no it is not possible to do something like that". I want to "alias" an object pointer as another type, for the sole purpose of adding some helper methods. The alias cannot add data members to the underlying class (in fact, the more I can prevent that from happening the better!) All aliases are equally applicable to any object of this type...it's just helpful if the type system can hint which alias is likely the most appropriate. There should be no information about any specific alias that is ever encoded in the underlying object. Hence, I feel like you should be able to "cheat" the type system and just let it be an annotation...checked at compile time, but ultimately irrelevant to the runtime casting. Something along these lines: Node<AccessorFoo>* fooPtr = Node<AccessorFoo>::createViaFactory(); Node<AccessorBar>* barPtr = reinterpret_cast< Node<AccessorBar>* >(fooPtr); Under the hood, the factory method is actually making a NodeBase class, and then using a similar reinterpret_cast to return it as a Node<AccessorFoo>*. The easy way to avoid this is to make these lightweight classes that wrap nodes and are passed around by value. Thus you don't need casting, just Accessor classes that take the node handle to wrap in their constructor: AccessorFoo foo (NodeBase::createViaFactory()); AccessorBar bar (foo.getNode()); But if I don't have to pay for all that, I don't want to. That would involve--for instance--making a special accessor type for each sort of wrapped pointer (AccessorFooShared, AccessorFooUnique, AccessorFooWeak, etc.) Having these typed pointers being aliased for one single pointer-based object identity is preferable, and provides a nice orthogonality. So back to that original question: Node<AccessorFoo>* fooPtr = Node<AccessorFoo>::createViaFactory(); Node<AccessorBar>* barPtr = reinterpret_cast< Node<AccessorBar>* >(fooPtr); Seems like there would be some way to do this that might be ugly but not "break the rules". According to ISO14882:2011(e) 5.2.10-7: An object pointer can be explicitly converted to an object pointer of a different type.70 When a prvalue v of type "pointer to T1" is converted to the type "pointer to cv T2", the result is static_cast(static_cast(v)) if both T1 and T2 are standard-layout types (3.9) and the alignment requirements of T2 are no stricter than those of T1, or if either type is void. Converting a prvalue of type "pointer to T1" to the type "pointer to T2" (where T1 and T2 are object types and where the alignment requirements of T2 are no stricter than those of T1) and back to its original type yields the original pointer value. The result of any other such pointer conversion is unspecified. Drilling into the definition of a "standard-layout class", we find: has no non-static data members of type non-standard-layout-class (or array of such types) or reference, and has no virtual functions (10.3) and no virtual base classes (10.1), and has the same access control (clause 11) for all non-static data members, and has no non-standard-layout base classes, and either has no non-static data member in the most-derived class and at most one base class with non-static data members, or has no base classes with non-static data members, and has no base classes of the same type as the first non-static data member. Sounds like working with something like this would tie my hands a bit with no virtual methods in the accessors or the node. Yet C++11 apparently has std::is_standard_layout to keep things checked. Can this be done safely? Appears to work in gcc-4.7, but I'd like to be sure I'm not invoking undefined behavior.

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• C# enum to string auto-conversion?

  - by dcompiled

  Is it possible to have the compiler automatically convert my Enum values to strings so I can avoid explicitly calling the ToString method every time. Here's an example of what I'd like to do: enum Rank { A, B, C } Rank myRank = Rank.A; string myString = Rank.A; // Error: Cannot implicitly convert type 'Rank' to 'string' string myString2 = Rank.A.ToString(); // OK: but is extra work

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• Inheritence and usage of dynamic_cast

  - by Mewzer

  Hello, Suppose I have 3 classes as follows (as this is an example, it will not compile!): class Base { public: Base(){} virtual ~Base(){} virtual void DoSomething() = 0; virtual void DoSomethingElse() = 0; }; class Derived1 { public: Derived1(){} virtual ~Derived1(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD1DoSomething{ ... } }; class Derived2 { public: Derived2(){} virtual ~Derived2(){} virtual void DoSomething(){ ... } virtual void DoSomethingElse(){ ... } virtual void SpecialD2DoSomething{ ... } }; I want to create an instance of Derived1 or Derived2 depending on some setting that is not available until run-time. As I cannot determine the derived type until run-time, then do you think the following is bad practice?... class X { public: .... void GetConfigurationValue() { .... // Get configuration setting, I need a "Derived1" b = new Derived1(); // Now I want to call the special DoSomething for Derived1 (dynamic_cast<Derived1*>(b))->SpecialD1DoSomething(); } private: Base* b; }; I have generally read that usage of dynamic_cast is bad, but as I said, I don't know which type to create until run-time. Please help!

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• Does dynamic_cast work inside overloaded operator delete ?

  - by iammilind

  I came across this: struct Base { void* operator new (size_t); void operator delete (void*); virtual ~Base () {} // <--- polymorphic }; struct Derived : Base {}; void Base::operator delete (void *p) { Base *pB = static_cast<Base*>(p); if(dynamic_cast<Derived*>(pB) != 0) { /* ... NOT reaching here ? ... */ } free(p); } Now if we do, Base *p = new Derived; delete p; Surprisingly, the condition inside the Base::delete is not satisfied Am I doing anything wrong ? Or casting from void* looses the information of Derived* ?

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• Way to get unsigned char into a std::string without reinterpret_cast?

  - by WilliamKF

  I have an unsigned char array that I need in a std::string, but my current way uses reinterpret_cast which I would like to avoid. Is there a cleaner way to do this? unsigned char my_txt[] = { 0x52, 0x5f, 0x73, 0x68, 0x7e, 0x29, 0x33, 0x74, 0x74, 0x73, 0x72, 0x55 } unsigned int my_txt_len = 12; std::string my_std_string(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(my_txt), my_txt_len);

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• C#: how to construct strings

  - by Craig Johnston

  Which of these will achieve the correct result: (1) int X = 23; string str = "HELLO" + X.ToString() + "WORLD"; (2) int X = 23; string str = "HELLO" + X + "WORLD"; (3) int X = 23; string str = "HELLO" + (string)X + "WORLD"; EDIT: The 'correct' result is to output: HELLO23WORLD

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• How to use the boost lexical_cast library for just for checking input

  - by Inverse

  I use the boost lexical_cast library for parsing text data into numeric values quite often. In several situations however, I only need to check if values are numeric; I don't actually need or use the conversion. So, I was thinking about writing a simple function to test if a string is a double: template<typename T> bool is_double(const T& s) { try { boost::lexical_cast<double>(s); return true; } catch (...) { return false; } } My question is, are there any optimizing compilers that would drop out the lexical_cast here since I never actually use the value? Is there a better technique to use the lexical_cast library to perform input checking?

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• How to check whether iterators form a contiguous memory zone?

  - by Vincent

  I currently have the following function to read an array or a vector of raw data (_readStream is a std::ifstream) : template<typename IteratorType> inline bool MyClass::readRawData( const IteratorType& first, const IteratorType& last, typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category* = nullptr ) { _readStream.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&*first), (last-first)*sizeof(*first)); return _readStream.good(); } First question : does this function seem ok for you ? As we read directly a block of memory, it will only work if the memory block from first to last is contiguous in memory. How to check that ?

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• excplicitly casting constness in

  - by jimifiki

  With the following code void TestF(const double ** testv){;} void callTest(){ double** test; TestF(test); } I get this: error C2664: 'TestF' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'double **' to 'const double **' I cannot understand why. Why test cannot be silently casted to const double**? Why should I do it explicitly? I know that TestF(const_cast<const double**>(test)) makes my code correct, but I feel this should be unnecessary. Are there some key concepts about const that I'm missing?

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• Correct usage(s) of const_cast<>

  - by ereOn

  Hi, As a common rule, it is very often considered a bad practice to use const_cast<>() in C++ code as it reveals (most of the time) a flaw in the design. While I totally agree with this, I however wonder what are the cases were using const_cast<>() is ok and the only solution. Could you guys please give me some examples you know/you encountered ? Thank you very much.

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• T-SQL Tuesday #31 - Logging Tricks with CONTEXT_INFO

  - by Most Valuable Yak (Rob Volk)

  This month's T-SQL Tuesday is being hosted by Aaron Nelson [b | t], fellow Atlantan (the city in Georgia, not the famous sunken city, or the resort in the Bahamas) and covers the topic of logging (the recording of information, not the harvesting of trees) and maintains the fine T-SQL Tuesday tradition begun by Adam Machanic [b | t] (the SQL Server guru, not the guy who fixes cars, check the spelling again, there will be a quiz later). This is a trick I learned from Fernando Guerrero [b | t] waaaaaay back during the PASS Summit 2004 in sunny, hurricane-infested Orlando, during his session on Secret SQL Server (not sure if that's the correct title, and I haven't used parentheses in this paragraph yet).  CONTEXT_INFO is a neat little feature that's existed since SQL Server 2000 and perhaps even earlier.  It lets you assign data to the current session/connection, and maintains that data until you disconnect or change it.  In addition to the CONTEXT_INFO() function, you can also query the context_info column in sys.dm_exec_sessions, or even sysprocesses if you're still running SQL Server 2000, if you need to see it for another session. While you're limited to 128 bytes, one big advantage that CONTEXT_INFO has is that it's independent of any transactions.  If you've ever logged to a table in a transaction and then lost messages when it rolled back, you can understand how aggravating it can be.  CONTEXT_INFO also survives across multiple SQL batches (GO separators) in the same connection, so for those of you who were going to suggest "just log to a table variable, they don't get rolled back":  HA-HA, I GOT YOU!  Since GO starts a new batch all variable declarations are lost. Here's a simple example I recently used at work.  I had to test database mirroring configurations for disaster recovery scenarios and measure the network throughput.  I also needed to log how long it took for the script to run and include the mirror settings for the database in question.  I decided to use AdventureWorks as my database model, and Adam Machanic's Big Adventure script to provide a fairly large workload that's repeatable and easily scalable.  My test would consist of several copies of AdventureWorks running the Big Adventure script while I mirrored the databases (or not). Since Adam's script contains several batches, I decided CONTEXT_INFO would have to be used.  As it turns out, I only needed to grab the start time at the beginning, I could get the rest of the data at the end of the process.   The code is pretty small: declare @time binary(128)=cast(getdate() as binary(8)) set context_info @time   ... rest of Big Adventure code ...   go use master; insert mirror_test(server,role,partner,db,state,safety,start,duration) select @@servername, mirroring_role_desc, mirroring_partner_instance, db_name(database_id), mirroring_state_desc, mirroring_safety_level_desc, cast(cast(context_info() as binary(8)) as datetime), datediff(s,cast(cast(context_info() as binary(8)) as datetime),getdate()) from sys.database_mirroring where db_name(database_id) like 'Adv%';   I declared @time as a binary(128) since CONTEXT_INFO is defined that way.  I couldn't convert GETDATE() to binary(128) as it would pad the first 120 bytes as 0x00.  To keep the CAST functions simple and avoid using SUBSTRING, I decided to CAST GETDATE() as binary(8) and let SQL Server do the implicit conversion.  It's not the safest way perhaps, but it works on my machine. :) As I mentioned earlier, you can query system views for sessions and get their CONTEXT_INFO.  With a little boilerplate code this can be used to monitor long-running procedures, in case you need to kill a process, or are just curious  how long certain parts take.  In this example, I added code to Adam's Big Adventure script to set CONTEXT_INFO messages at strategic places I want to monitor.  (His code is in UPPERCASE as it was in the original, mine is all lowercase): declare @msg binary(128) set @msg=cast('Altering bigProduct.ProductID' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg go ALTER TABLE bigProduct ALTER COLUMN ProductID INT NOT NULL GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg1 binary(128) set @msg1=cast('Adding pk_bigProduct Constraint' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg1 go ALTER TABLE bigProduct ADD CONSTRAINT pk_bigProduct PRIMARY KEY (ProductID) GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg2 binary(128) set @msg2=cast('Altering bigTransactionHistory.TransactionID' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg2 go ALTER TABLE bigTransactionHistory ALTER COLUMN TransactionID INT NOT NULL GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg3 binary(128) set @msg3=cast('Adding pk_bigTransactionHistory Constraint' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg3 go ALTER TABLE bigTransactionHistory ADD CONSTRAINT pk_bigTransactionHistory PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED(TransactionID) GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg4 binary(128) set @msg4=cast('Creating IX_ProductId_TransactionDate Index' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg4 go CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_ProductId_TransactionDate ON bigTransactionHistory(ProductId,TransactionDate) INCLUDE(Quantity,ActualCost) GO set context_info 0x0   This doesn't include the entire script, only those portions that altered a table or created an index.  One annoyance is that SET CONTEXT_INFO requires a literal or variable, you can't use an expression.  And since GO starts a new batch I need to declare a variable in each one.  And of course I have to use CAST because it won't implicitly convert varchar to binary.  And even though context_info is a nullable column, you can't SET CONTEXT_INFO NULL, so I have to use SET CONTEXT_INFO 0x0 to clear the message after the statement completes.  And if you're thinking of turning this into a UDF, you can't, although a stored procedure would work. So what does all this aggravation get you?  As the code runs, if I want to see which stage the session is at, I can run the following (assuming SPID 51 is the one I want): select CAST(context_info as varchar(128)) from sys.dm_exec_sessions where session_id=51   Since SQL Server 2005 introduced the new system and dynamic management views (DMVs) there's not as much need for tagging a session with these kinds of messages.  You can get the session start time and currently executing statement from them, and neatly presented if you use Adam's sp_whoisactive utility (and you absolutely should be using it).  Of course you can always use xp_cmdshell, a CLR function, or some other tricks to log information outside of a SQL transaction.  All the same, I've used this trick to monitor long-running reports at a previous job, and I still think CONTEXT_INFO is a great feature, especially if you're still using SQL Server 2000 or want to supplement your instrumentation.  If you'd like an exercise, consider adding the system time to the messages in the last example, and an automated job to query and parse it from the system tables.  That would let you track how long each statement ran without having to run Profiler. #TSQL2sDay

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• T-SQL Tuesday #31 - Logging Tricks with CONTEXT_INFO

  - by Most Valuable Yak (Rob Volk)

  This month's T-SQL Tuesday is being hosted by Aaron Nelson [b | t], fellow Atlantan (the city in Georgia, not the famous sunken city, or the resort in the Bahamas) and covers the topic of logging (the recording of information, not the harvesting of trees) and maintains the fine T-SQL Tuesday tradition begun by Adam Machanic [b | t] (the SQL Server guru, not the guy who fixes cars, check the spelling again, there will be a quiz later). This is a trick I learned from Fernando Guerrero [b | t] waaaaaay back during the PASS Summit 2004 in sunny, hurricane-infested Orlando, during his session on Secret SQL Server (not sure if that's the correct title, and I haven't used parentheses in this paragraph yet).  CONTEXT_INFO is a neat little feature that's existed since SQL Server 2000 and perhaps even earlier.  It lets you assign data to the current session/connection, and maintains that data until you disconnect or change it.  In addition to the CONTEXT_INFO() function, you can also query the context_info column in sys.dm_exec_sessions, or even sysprocesses if you're still running SQL Server 2000, if you need to see it for another session. While you're limited to 128 bytes, one big advantage that CONTEXT_INFO has is that it's independent of any transactions.  If you've ever logged to a table in a transaction and then lost messages when it rolled back, you can understand how aggravating it can be.  CONTEXT_INFO also survives across multiple SQL batches (GO separators) in the same connection, so for those of you who were going to suggest "just log to a table variable, they don't get rolled back":  HA-HA, I GOT YOU!  Since GO starts a new batch all variable declarations are lost. Here's a simple example I recently used at work.  I had to test database mirroring configurations for disaster recovery scenarios and measure the network throughput.  I also needed to log how long it took for the script to run and include the mirror settings for the database in question.  I decided to use AdventureWorks as my database model, and Adam Machanic's Big Adventure script to provide a fairly large workload that's repeatable and easily scalable.  My test would consist of several copies of AdventureWorks running the Big Adventure script while I mirrored the databases (or not). Since Adam's script contains several batches, I decided CONTEXT_INFO would have to be used.  As it turns out, I only needed to grab the start time at the beginning, I could get the rest of the data at the end of the process.   The code is pretty small: declare @time binary(128)=cast(getdate() as binary(8)) set context_info @time   ... rest of Big Adventure code ...   go use master; insert mirror_test(server,role,partner,db,state,safety,start,duration) select @@servername, mirroring_role_desc, mirroring_partner_instance, db_name(database_id), mirroring_state_desc, mirroring_safety_level_desc, cast(cast(context_info() as binary(8)) as datetime), datediff(s,cast(cast(context_info() as binary(8)) as datetime),getdate()) from sys.database_mirroring where db_name(database_id) like 'Adv%';   I declared @time as a binary(128) since CONTEXT_INFO is defined that way.  I couldn't convert GETDATE() to binary(128) as it would pad the first 120 bytes as 0x00.  To keep the CAST functions simple and avoid using SUBSTRING, I decided to CAST GETDATE() as binary(8) and let SQL Server do the implicit conversion.  It's not the safest way perhaps, but it works on my machine. :) As I mentioned earlier, you can query system views for sessions and get their CONTEXT_INFO.  With a little boilerplate code this can be used to monitor long-running procedures, in case you need to kill a process, or are just curious  how long certain parts take.  In this example, I added code to Adam's Big Adventure script to set CONTEXT_INFO messages at strategic places I want to monitor.  (His code is in UPPERCASE as it was in the original, mine is all lowercase): declare @msg binary(128) set @msg=cast('Altering bigProduct.ProductID' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg go ALTER TABLE bigProduct ALTER COLUMN ProductID INT NOT NULL GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg1 binary(128) set @msg1=cast('Adding pk_bigProduct Constraint' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg1 go ALTER TABLE bigProduct ADD CONSTRAINT pk_bigProduct PRIMARY KEY (ProductID) GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg2 binary(128) set @msg2=cast('Altering bigTransactionHistory.TransactionID' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg2 go ALTER TABLE bigTransactionHistory ALTER COLUMN TransactionID INT NOT NULL GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg3 binary(128) set @msg3=cast('Adding pk_bigTransactionHistory Constraint' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg3 go ALTER TABLE bigTransactionHistory ADD CONSTRAINT pk_bigTransactionHistory PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED(TransactionID) GO set context_info 0x0 go declare @msg4 binary(128) set @msg4=cast('Creating IX_ProductId_TransactionDate Index' as binary(128)) set context_info @msg4 go CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_ProductId_TransactionDate ON bigTransactionHistory(ProductId,TransactionDate) INCLUDE(Quantity,ActualCost) GO set context_info 0x0   This doesn't include the entire script, only those portions that altered a table or created an index.  One annoyance is that SET CONTEXT_INFO requires a literal or variable, you can't use an expression.  And since GO starts a new batch I need to declare a variable in each one.  And of course I have to use CAST because it won't implicitly convert varchar to binary.  And even though context_info is a nullable column, you can't SET CONTEXT_INFO NULL, so I have to use SET CONTEXT_INFO 0x0 to clear the message after the statement completes.  And if you're thinking of turning this into a UDF, you can't, although a stored procedure would work. So what does all this aggravation get you?  As the code runs, if I want to see which stage the session is at, I can run the following (assuming SPID 51 is the one I want): select CAST(context_info as varchar(128)) from sys.dm_exec_sessions where session_id=51   Since SQL Server 2005 introduced the new system and dynamic management views (DMVs) there's not as much need for tagging a session with these kinds of messages.  You can get the session start time and currently executing statement from them, and neatly presented if you use Adam's sp_whoisactive utility (and you absolutely should be using it).  Of course you can always use xp_cmdshell, a CLR function, or some other tricks to log information outside of a SQL transaction.  All the same, I've used this trick to monitor long-running reports at a previous job, and I still think CONTEXT_INFO is a great feature, especially if you're still using SQL Server 2000 or want to supplement your instrumentation.  If you'd like an exercise, consider adding the system time to the messages in the last example, and an automated job to query and parse it from the system tables.  That would let you track how long each statement ran without having to run Profiler. #TSQL2sDay

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• Why can't set cast an object from Excel interop?

  - by AngryHacker

  Trying to get a reference to the worksheets (using Excel interop): Excel.Application xl = new Excel.ApplicationClass(); Excel.Workbooks xlWorkBooks = xl.Workbooks; Excel.Workbook xlWorkBook = xlWorkBooks.Open(fileName, 0, false, 5, "", "", true, Excel.XlPlatform.xlWindows, "\t", false, false, 0, true, 1, 0); Excel.Worksheets xlWorkSheets = (Excel.Worksheets) xlWorkBook.Worksheets; // crashes The error is that it cannot cast it: Unable to cast COM object of type 'System.__ComObject' to interface type 'Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheets'. This operation failed because the QueryInterface call on the COM component for the interface with IID '{000208B1-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}' failed due to the following error: No such interface supported (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80004002 (E_NOINTERFACE)). Is my cast incorrect?

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• Get rid of redundant cast to javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement<java.lang.Boolean> warning from CXF-generate

  - by Binary255

  I generate some code using CXF from a WSDL-file. When compiling the code with version "1.6.0_16" with the flag -Xlint I get the following warning: warning: [cast] redundant cast to javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement<java.lang.Boolean> [javac] this.r = ((JAXBElement<Boolean> ) value); What does the warning mean, should I be worried? As I have generated and not written the code, what can I do to get rid of this specific warning?

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• Why doesn't SQL DISTINCT work with ORDER BY CAST?

  - by Tommy

  Including DISTINCT to an SQL query that also uses ORDER BY CAST(thecolumn AS int) as shown here seems to remove that sorting functionality. Any reason these cant work together? (Using sqlite with the C api) Thanks. EDIT: Started with - sprintf(sql, "SELECT DISTINCT rowX FROM TableX Order By Cast(rowX As int) LIMIT 150 OFFSET %s;", Offset); rowX is Type CHAR(5)

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• How to write Sql or LinqToSql for this scenario?

  - by Mike108

  How to write Sql or LinqToSql for this scenario? A table has the following data: Id UserName Price Date Status 1 Mike 2 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Success 2 Mike 3 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Fail 3 Mike 2 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Success 4 Lily 5 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Success 5 Mike 1 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Fail 6 Lily 5 2010-4-25 0:00:00 Success 7 Mike 2 2010-4-26 0:00:00 Success 8 Lily 5 2010-4-26 0:00:00 Fail 9 Lily 2 2010-4-26 0:00:00 Success 10 Lily 1 2010-4-26 0:00:00 Fail I want to get the summary result from the data, the result should be: UserName Date TotalPrice TotalRecord SuccessRecord FailRecord Mike 2010-04-25 8 4 2 2 Lily 2010-04-25 10 2 2 0 Mike 2010-04-26 2 1 1 0 Lily 2010-04-26 8 3 1 2 The TotalPrice is the sum(Price) groupby UserName and Date The TotalRecord is the count(*) groupby UserName and Date The SuccessRecord is the count(*) groupby UserName and Date where Status='Success' The FailRecord is the count(*) groupby UserName and Date where Status='Fail' The TotalRecord = SuccessRecord + FailRecord The sql server 2005 database script is: /****** Object: Table [dbo].[Pay] Script Date: 04/28/2010 22:23:42 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Pay]') AND type in (N'U')) BEGIN CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Pay]( [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [UserName] [nvarchar](50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, [Price] [int] NULL, [Date] [datetime] NULL, [Status] [nvarchar](50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Pay] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ) END GO SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ON INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (1, N'Mike', 2, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (2, N'Mike', 3, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Fail') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (3, N'Mike', 2, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (4, N'Lily', 5, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (5, N'Mike', 1, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Fail') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (6, N'Lily', 5, CAST(0x00009D6300000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (7, N'Mike', 2, CAST(0x00009D6400000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (8, N'Lily', 5, CAST(0x00009D6400000000 AS DateTime), N'Fail') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (9, N'Lily', 2, CAST(0x00009D6400000000 AS DateTime), N'Success') INSERT [dbo].[Pay] ([Id], [UserName], [Price], [Date], [Status]) VALUES (10, N'Lily', 1, CAST(0x00009D6400000000 AS DateTime), N'Fail') SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Pay] OFF

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