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• Which browser does my computer use to open a Web page? [on hold]

  - by msh210

  I know little about networking the Internet, but, from what I understand, it works — very approximately — as follows: I, sitting at the computer example.com, send a message saying, roughly, "get http://s.tk" to my ISP, which passes the message along, eventually to the machine at s.tk. The s.tk machine gets "example.comhas sent 'gethttp://s.tk'", so sendssomefileto its ISP which passes the file along, eventually to the machine atexample.com`. When the file gets back to example.com, my computer, how does my computer know what to do with it? I'm sure the headers (or something else) indicate it's a Web page rather than, say, a Usenet post — that's not my question. My question is: how does it know whether to display the Web page in my open Opera window or my open Firefox window, or my other open Firefox window, or, heck, to open a new browser instance?

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• How is incoming SMTP mail being delivered despite blocked port

  - by Josh

  I setup a MX mail server, everything works despite port 25 being blocked, I'm stumped as to why I am able to receive email with this setup, and what the consequences might be if I leave it this way. Here are the details: Connections to SMTP over port 25 and 587 both reliably connect over my local network. Connections to SMTP over port 25 are blocked from external IPs (the ISP is blocking the port). Connections to Submission SMTP over port 587 from external IPs are reliable. Emails sent from gmail, yahoo, and a few other addresses all are being delivered. I haven't found an email provider that fails to deliver mail to my MX. So, with port 25 blocked, I am assuming other MTA servers fallback to port 587, otherwise I can't imagine how the mail is received. I know port 25 shouldn't be blocked, but so far it works. Are there mail servers that this will not work with? Where can I find more about how this is working? -- edit More technical detail, to validate that I'm not missing something silly. Obviously in the transcript below I've replaced my actual domain with example.com. # DNS MX record points to the A record. $ dig example.com MX +short 1 example.com $ dig example.com A +short <Public IP address> # From a public server (not my ISP hosting the mail server) # We see port 25 is blocked, but port 587 is open $ telnet example.com 25 Trying <public ip>... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused # Let's try openssl $ openssl s_client -starttls smtp -crlf -connect example.com:25 connect: Connection refused connect:errno=111 # Again from a public server, we see port 587 is open $ telnet example.com 587 Trying <public ip>... Connected to example.com. Escape character is '^]'. 220 example.com ESMTP Postfix ehlo example.com 250-example.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10485760 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-DSN 250-BINARYMIME 250 CHUNKING quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. Here is a portion from the mail log when receiving a message from gmail: postfix/postscreen[93152]: CONNECT from [209.85.128.49]:48953 to [192.168.0.10]:25 postfix/postscreen[93152]: PASS NEW [209.85.128.49]:48953 postfix/smtpd[93160]: connect from mail-qe0-f49.google.com[209.85.128.49] postfix/smtpd[93160]: 7A8C31C1AA99: client=mail-qe0-f49.google.com[209.85.128.49] The log shows that a connection was made to the local IP on port 25 (I'm not doing any port mapping, so it is port 25 on the public IP too). Seeing this leads me to hypothesize that the ISP block on port 25 only occurs when a connection is made from an IP address that is not known to be a mail server. Any other theories?

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• ethernet not working

  - by good boy

  i wanted to know how do i setup an ethernet connection on a laptop,my isp gave me a telephone like cable which fits the ethernet port. i guess its the ethernet cable. when i connect it, nothing happens on the pc the ethernet card(realtek pcie gbe family controller) says cable not plugged in. i am using wired connection for first time.the system is completely stable with softwares .the drivers are also automatically updated through a manufacturer installed update system. the isp says there must be some sort of light on the port. whats the problem? how do get it working.

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• VPN Network intermittantly fails to provide internet: What could be possible causes

  - by Jake M

  We have a small office with our own VPN setup. We occasionally experience failures in our internet connection where we cannot access the internet. Most of the time the internet connection will resume by itself(without me doing anything) after a period of time(10 mins). Would you be able to suggest possible causes of the connection failure so I can then go and run some tests? Our network architecture is like so: A 'Billion' brand router that is connected to the internet via phone cable and then connected to our Cisco Switch A Cisco Switch/Bus which is connected to all our office nodes, our external harddrive and also to our router as stated above. All connections are via ethernet cable A series of work computers(nodes) connected via ethernet cable to the Cisco switch. Our ISP is TPG Australia We have a Virtual Private Network All the ethernet cables are about 3 years old Do you think that the causes of our intermittant connection problems could be due to the following: Data collisions in the ethernet cables Old/Faulty ethernet cables Our ISP has bad service Can you think of any other causes of the problem?

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• Find DNS server automatically

  - by jdickson

  I've got a Windows 2012 server set up as a domain controller and DNS server in my basement. On my laptop, if I set it to use the IP address of my server as the DNS server, then it works as expected. The problem with that is that I use my laptop outside my home network and I need to switch it back to automatic. Setup is like this: ISP Router running DD-WRT Win 2012 DC/DNS and other network computers How can I have my laptop find the DNS server automatically instead of using my ISP's DNS servers?

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• Straight cable or cross over cable?

  - by om sai

  I have pppoe internet connection. My ISP provides connections like this: ISP->media converter(fiber)->8 port switch(TP Link TL-SF1008D)->to individual internet connection account holders (like me) Now the connection between the media converter and the switch is done using 4 pair cross over cat5 cable and I would like to connect the cable running from the switch to the router and through router to my PC. So what type of cable should I use to make the connection between the switch and the router (straight thru cable or cross over cable)? The point I am trying to make is I am able to connect to the internet using straight through cable between the switch and my PC but when I connect the same cable between the switch and the router and from router to my PC I am not able to connect to the internet. Also, if I am using the 2 pair cable (instead of 4) between the switch and the router I am able to connect to the internet but same is not true in case of 4 pair cat5 cable.

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• Are there any negative impact running all services on a single static IP?

  - by Jake

  I need to setup a VPN trunk (with remote branch office location), Video Conference and Web Server on-premise in the office. I am used to ISP providing blocks of 8 or 16 IPs. But I have a new ISP which says they only can provide a single IP. Are there any issues with running all services on a single IP? I don't think this has any thing to do with bandwidth..? I'm not using SSL certificates... I can do port forwarding to different machines... What else...? Disclaimer: I am a programmer by training. Sorry for noob question.

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• how can I stop my sonicwall TZ-210 (SonicOS Enhanced 5.5.1.0-5o) from responding to arp queries on the wan subnet?

  - by IsaacB

  My sonicwall TZ-210 is answering arp queries on the wan subnet (which my isp doesn't like), basically mapping all the wan ips to its own mac address, causing network havoc since it is not set to route those back to the main isp gateway. How the heck can I turn this behavior off? I have already entered in all wan subnet ips in the static arp cache and left them 'unpublished' which I presumed would mean that it did not bother answering arp queries for them. Apparently it did not do the trick. Arp queries are still being answered unfortunately. What can I do? Any suggestions?

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• Multiple WAN interfaces in same subnet on Sonicwall NSA220?

  - by Ttamsen

  (eta salutation, which keeps getting eaten.) Hi, all. I see a bunch of related questions, so I'm hesitant to ask, but: I have a situation where I have a Sonicwall NSA220 serving as firewall/router for two internal subnets to two external WAN connections. In some locations this is two separate ISPs. In others, it's the same ISP but with multiple circuits. The problem is that one ISP has been unable to provide unique subnets for each WAN interface. Is there any possibility that I might be able to bond the two WAN interfaces into a single virtual interface, and then use source-routing to get internal subnets communicating out the appropriate physical interface? Or even just use traffic-shaping to give each internal network appropriate shared bandwidth? I haven't found anything in the docs, but it seemed like it might be worth asking. Thanks for any help! -Steve.

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• Edimax wireless router is not providing DNS services correctly

  - by Nathan Fellman

  I have an Edimax router that is set up to connect to the internet via L2TP on cable, and on the LAN side it's set up as a DHCP server. The DHCP server gives correct IP addresses, but it sets itself up as the DNS server. However, it doesn't provide the DNS service. I am sure that it's a problem with the router, because I have two computers on the network with the same problem. I see that on the WAN side it gets correct DNS addresses from the ISP, so I'd expect the router to either pass these addresses through to the DHCP clients, or to serve the DNS requests itself by forwarding them to the ISP's DNS. However, it apparently does neither, and there is no DNS. I switched from ADSL to cable last week. On ADSL it connected using PPPoE, and the DNS worked fine. What can be the problem here?

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• Domains propagation issues.

  - by Andrew

  Hello to all. I got very strange issue, really weird. On weekend, May 9th I changed my server location from US to UK. Of course, everything works correctly excluding domains. There's something wrong. I got few domains on this server but I still cannot access them. When I try from the other location it works correctly. The most funny situation is that everything is working correctly from my girlfriend's work, about 500 meters from our house, but they have another ISP. It also works when I access the domains via proxy server. I checked who.is informations and everything seems to be working. On Sunday and today morning I was able to access my domains but only for a while. When I refreshed website second time I got error "Firefox was not able to connect server". Since then I'm still getting this error. Could it be my ISP fault? Regards, Andrew

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• Slash Notation IP - What is what?

  - by Nirmal

  We just signed up with a new ISP and we got a static IP from them. Our previous ISP just gave one IP and we were able to configure our web server using that. Now, we have got this new IP with a slash notation. This type is new to me. When I used the CIDR calculator, it gave me the following results: 202.184.7.52/30 IP: 202.184.7.52 Netmask: 255.255.255.252 Number of hosts: 2 Network address: 202.184.7.52 Broadcast address: 202.184.7.55 Can someone please help me by explaining what these are? I could not understand what the number of hosts means. Is that telling that I can use two different IP for DNS (A) records? Also, which one should I setup in my router? The network address or broadcast address? Thank you very much for any answer you may provide.

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• routing wiredness - traceroute 'vanishes' en route

  - by The Journeyman geek

  I'm attempting to set up one of my boxes as a server (again), but i'm having some odd connection issues- the box itself connects fine to the internet, but trying to connect to my external ip address seems to result in the trace getting 'lost' partway. http://pastebin.com/HCQAGbvn - this is a traceroute from another system that's connected to another ISP - starhub is my own one, while i have another system that i have access to on singtel. I'm wondering if my ISP is messing around with routing, or is something very odd going on. As you note, the traceroute dosen't reach me, but if it helps, i use a dd-wrt router.

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• How can I find a computer on my network that is doing mass mailings?

  - by Alex Ciarlill

  I was notified by my isp that one of my machines is sending out spam. This happened about 3 months ago on windows machine running cygwin that was hacked due to an SSH vuln. The hackers setup IIS and SMTP. I cleared out the machine and all the services are disabled so I think that machine is okay I am wondering if there is any other way to identify which machine it could be coming from? The ISP has NO useful information such as source port, destination port, destination IP... nothing. I am running DD-WRT on my router, Windows 7 PC and a Windows XP PC.

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• Internet connection very slow after Linksys configuration

  - by NLV

  Hello We have this network setup Server1 - DHCP server, Domain Controller, AD Lease line for Internet connection From lease line to Linksys router (we dont use wireless though) From linksys to Netgear (24 port Switch) and vonage (VoIP) Netgear to all our machines We configured Linsys with the static IP and DNS server addresses our ISP gave and we have routed it correctly. All our work machines are configured with Get IP automatically DNS server addresses our ISP gave The problem is that none of the sites are getting opened promptly. It is taking around 5 minutes to load google.com. But we are able to ping all the sites. What could be the problem?

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• Port 53 UDP Outgoing flood

  - by DanSpd

  Hello I am experiencing very huge problem. I have 4 computers in network, and from each a lot of data is being sent to ISP name servers. Sometimes data is being sent a little from each computer in network, sometimes it is just a lot of data from one computer. I have antivirus (Avast) and malware scan (SpyBot) I know port 53 UDP is dns which resolves domain IP so its' needed. Also I have read that ISP name server might have been infected. So what is the best thing to do in this situation. Also sometimes internet starts to lag really because of port 53

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• ASA and cisco vs NSA sonic firewall

  - by Lbaker101

  Currently I’m trying to structure our network to fully support and be redundant with BGP/Multi homing. Our current company size is 40 employees but the major part of that is our Development department. We are a software company and continued connection to the internet is a requirement as 90% of work stops when the net goes down. The only thing hosted on site (that needs to remain up) is our exchange server. Right now i'm faced with 2 different directions and was wondering if I could get your opinions on this. We will have 2 ISPs that are both 20meg up/down and dedicated fiber (so 40megs combined). This is handed off as an Ethernet cable into our server room. ISP#1 first digital ISP#2 CenturyLink we currently have 2x ASA5505s but the 2nd one is not in use. It was there to be a failover and it just needs the security+ license to be matched with the primary device. But this depends on the network structure. I have been looking into the hardware that would be required to be fully redundant and I found that we will either of the following. 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers with failover licenses. They will go in front of the ASAs and either connects in a failover state or 1 ISP into each of the 2921 series routers and then 1 line into each of the ASAs (thus all 4 hardware components will be used actively). So 2x Cisco 2921+ series routers 2x Cisco ASA5505 firewalls The other route 2x SonicWalls NSA2400MX series. 1 primary and the secondary will be in a failover state. This will remove the ASAs from the network and be about 2k cheaper than the cisco route. This also brings down the points of failure because it’s just the 2x sonicwalls It will also allow us to scale all the way up to 200-400 users (depending on their configuration). This also makes so the Sonic walls. So the real question is with the added functionality ect of the sonicwall is there a point in paying so much more to stay the cisco route? Thanks!

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• How to troubleshoot intermittent and irregular connection errors on home network (preferrably Mac client)

  - by Martin

  Hi, I'm experiencing intermittent connection errors in our home network from two different computers, normally "Connection Reset" when browsing, but also other issues such as very slow throughput. I have approximately a network setup as below: ISP-Cable Modem-Dlink DIR 655 Router-(Ethernet)-Fon Router-Mac/Windows laptop Basically, is there a simple way to monitor the network and detect where issues are coming from? Right now we don't know if it is the Fon router, the Dlink router, the modem or the ISP. As the issue is intermittent, is there a software that regularly traceroutes a set of destinations and tests e.g. throughput, something that can help us figure out where in the chain the errors are introduced? The more automatic network monitor, the better.

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• Default gateway is in different subnet. How to configure in RHEL6.2

  - by Dmytro Leonenko

  I have two subnets routed to my server from ISP. I have only one gateway ip. The gateway is on the same VLAN as my IP address. For example netowrk 1 is 1.0.0.0/24 and network 2 is 2.0.0.0/24. Both are routed to eth0 by my ISP. Gateway is 1.0.0.1. My host ip is 2.0.0.1/24 (eth0) So I can configure default gateway manually with ip route add default dev eth0 ip route add default via 1.0.0.1 and then internet connection works properly. How do I configure it in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ? I tried to set GATEWAY=1.0.0.1 but it doesn't work. Tried to set GATEWAY and GATEWAYDEV in /etc/sysconfig/network and it does only what first command from listing above do.

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• Google products are excessively slow

  - by Sixfoot Studio

  Hi, We're running Windows 2000 for our office server. For years now we have had the problem where everthing Google takes an excessively long time to do anything. Gmail hangs, Analytics takes forever, Google docs times out. I have been back and forth with our ISP on this matter and they are convinced it has something to do with our server. This does not happen when I am at home so the problem either lays with our server or with the ISP. Here is a screencast to show you what I mean. http://www.screencast.com/users/jamesvanderhoven/folders/Jing/media/f7ffce9a-0250-4112-b79d-7dc58c2c8b0a Has anyone else experienced this kind of problem and is there a way to resolve this please? Many thanks!

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• Sharing internet connection from Windows XP using wi-fi router

  - by Darius

  Hi, I have an network configuration like: Ethernet cable from ISP connected to Windows XP machine, configured with static IP 192.168.0.3 Another ethernet connection from 2nd Windows XP machine's network adapter to a Wi-Fi router (D-Link Airport G+) XP set to "Share internet connection", the 2nd adapter configured as static to 192.169.0.1 D-Link Airport Wi-Fi router also configured as "static connection", it's IP set to 192.169.0.2, default gateway set to 192.169.0.1. Network mask everywhere is 24. Laptop computer connected with the router with static IP 192.169.0.3 The problems are: XP machine sees the router (it's able to ping it and access it via the web admin tool) The router somehow cannot PING the XP machine (using the tool provided by the web-based admin tool) The laptop computer cannot ping anything and cannot be pinged The router is only accessible when the ethernet cable is connected with a router's 1-4 LAN port, when I connect it via "WAN" port (which I believe is the proper one) it's not visible from the XP machine If you have similar experience with configuring a network like this I would really appreciate your help. I cannot use the Wi-Fi router with the ISP cable itself.

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• Changing Internet connection on ISA Server 2000

  - by garyb32234234

  Hi We are getting a new internet connection installed and will need to unplug the old one and connect this to our ISA Server 2000. Will this be a simple swap out job? We will be given a new ip, which i know i will have to enter into the external network card TCP/IP page. I will also be given the default gateway to enter. The ISP engineer said we may have to reset the ARP? cache, if we dont know how we will have to reset the ISA server? Has anyone any experience? The current connection is with the same ISP but it was owned by the business park were we are located and they linked up an ethernet port to what i assume is their own router. Hope you can help, i know that ISA 2000 is somewhat less easy to use than the newer versions.

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• Does Cisco anyconnect replace original network connection session?

  - by Stan

  When using Cisco anyconnect VPN, it seems the existing network connection is still going through old connection session (Is there any way to find out)? The reason is because when using Cisco VPN client connect to gateway, usually the Messenger Live, Skype will be disconnected and requires to reconnect. But using anyconnect doesn't need to reconnect. So I am guessing if those old sessions still go through original network connection. Which means, both connection is existing at the same time. Take my case for example: connection 1: wireless NIC - cable modem - my cable ISP - internet connection 2: anyconnect - wireless NIC - cable modem - my cable ISP - VPN gateway - internet Am I correct? Is there any way to check this? Thanks.

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• Can a switch consume bandwidth?

  - by aashiq

  I have a network with a router and a switch. At first my ISP's optical fiber is connected with media converter input port. Than Ethernet cable (output port of Media converter) is connected with the switch. Then an output Ethernet cable is connected with our inner Microtik router. Then this router is connected with another LAN switch. From this switch we have got every connection other switch. It is our total network structure. Our bandwidth is 2 Mbps. From the 11th of March our MRTG graph shows high all the time even when my all switch is switched off except LAN switch. That's why our line is breaking up (Voice call). How could be it possible? My all PC's bandwidth is limited but when connected PC with media converter directly then the graph shows normal. That's why I can't blame my ISP.

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• How to connect Android phone to a Wifi network using PPPoE?

  - by Slavo

  I have an ISP at home, which provides me with a PPPoE connection. My router supports that and I've configured it to autoconnect periodically, so I don't have to type my username and password each time. When I connect to the Wireless router from the PC, I have internet and everything works fine. However, when I do so using my Android phone, there's no internet connection on the phone. It connects to the router, but I cannot open any web page. How can I enable internet access from such an ISP on my phone? Is it something in the router setup? The router is Linksys WRT54GL.

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