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  • Limiting bandwidth on internal interface on Linux gateway

    - by Jack Scott
    I am responsible for a Linux-based (it runs Debian) branch office router that takes a single high-speed Internet connection (eth2) and turns it into about 20 internal networks, each with a seperate subnet (192.168.1.0/24 to 192.168.20.0/24) and a seperate VLAN (eth0.101 to eth0.120). I am trying to restrict bandwidth on one of the internal subnets that is consistently chewing up more bandwidth than it should. What is the best way to do this? My first try at this was with wondershaper, which I heard about on SuperUser here. Unfortunately, this is useful for exactly the opposite situation that I have... it's useful on the client side, not on the Internet side. My second attempt was using the script found at http://www.topwebhosts.org/tools/traffic-control.php, which I modified so the active part is: tc qdisc add dev eth0.113 root handle 13: htb default 100 tc class add dev eth0.113 parent 13: classid 13:1 htb rate 3mbps tc class add dev eth0.113 parent 13: classid 13:2 htb rate 3mbps tc filter add dev eth0.113 protocol ip parent 13:0 prio 1 u32 match ip dst 192.168.13.0/24 flowid 13:1 tc filter add dev eth0.113 protocol ip parent 13:0 prio 1 u32 match ip src 192.168.13.0/24 flowid 13:2 What I want this to do is restrict the bandwidth on VLAN 113 (subnet 192.168.13.0/24) to 3mbit up and 3mbit down. Unfortunately, it seems to have no effect at all! I'm very inexperienced with the tc command, so any help getting this working would be appreciated.

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  • What is the correct iptables rule when NATing multiple private subnets?

    - by Jose Mendez
    I have a Centos minimal 6.5 acting as a router. eth0 is connected to a Cisco switch trunk port, allowing VLANs 200-213. I have several VLAN interfaces just as this link suggests: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/s2-networkscripts-interfaces_802.1q-vlan-tagging.html And have IPv4 forwarding, so all my network devices from any of the networks 200-213 can communicate with each other using this linux box as their router. Problem is, I need them to access the Internet, so I added the following rule: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0/16 -j SNAT --to 1.1.1.56 1.1.1.56 is the "outside" address. This works fine, devices connected to the internal networks can ping Intertnet addresses BUT, they stop being able to talk to each other across subnets, so 192.168.211.55 can ping 8.8.8.8, but can't talk to 192.168.213.5. As soon as I do a service iptables restart to remove the rule, I can start talking across internal subnets again. What would be the correct way to set up NAT for multiple private subnets? Or maybe the correct way to set up forwarding?

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  • cisco 2900xl - SNMP - Get mac address of device connected to an interface

    - by ankit
    Hello all, Basically what i want to do is to find out what is the mac address of a device plugged in to an interface on the switch (FastEthernet0/1 for example) reading through the switch documentaion i found out that i can configure snmp trap on it to make it notify of any new mac address the switch detects by using the command snmp-server enable traps mac-notifiction but for some reason my switch does not support this feature. the only options i see are CORE_SWITCH(config)#snmp-server enable traps ? c2900 Enable SNMP c2900 traps cluster Enable Cluster traps config Enable SNMP config traps entity Enable SNMP entity traps hsrp Enable SNMP HSRP traps snmp Enable SNMP traps vlan-membership Enable VLAN Membership traps vtp Enable SNMP VTP traps <cr> so the other way would be for me to run a cronjon on my gateway to poll the switch periodically using snmp to get new mac addresses i have looked everywhere but cant seem to find the OID that would provide me this information. any help i can get would me very much appreciated ! here's the output from "show version" on my switch Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) C2900XL Software (C2900XL-C3H2S-M), Version 12.0(5.4)WC(1), MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1986-2001 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Tue 10-Jul-01 11:52 by devgoyal Image text-base: 0x00003000, data-base: 0x00333CD8 ROM: Bootstrap program is C2900XL boot loader CORE_SWITCH uptime is 1 hour, 24 minutes System returned to ROM by power-on System image file is "flash:c2900XL-c3h2s-mz.120-5.4.WC.1.bin" cisco WS-C2912-XL (PowerPC403GA) processor (revision 0x11) with 8192K/1024K bytes of memory. Processor board ID FAB0409X1WS, with hardware revision 0x01 Last reset from power-on Processor is running Enterprise Edition Software Cluster command switch capable Cluster member switch capable 12 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 32K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory. Base ethernet MAC Address: 00:01:42:D0:67:00 Motherboard assembly number: 73-3397-08 Power supply part number: 34-0834-01 Motherboard serial number: FAB040843G4 Power supply serial number: DAB05030HR8 Model revision number: A0 Motherboard revision number: C0 Model number: WS-C2912-XL-EN System serial number: FAB0409X1WS Configuration register is 0xF thanks, -ankit

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  • How do I run a stable Windows XP kvm guest on Ubuntu 10.04?

    - by Jean-Paul Calderone
    I have three Windows XP guests running on a recently upgraded 64-bit Ubuntu 10.04 system. Occasionally (on the order of once every few days), one of the guests will become non-responsive and the kvm process on the host which is running that guest will start consuming 100% CPU. It will continue to do so until it is killed. When restarted, it will be fine for a while, and then the issue repeats. The kvm command line used to run all three guests is this: /usr/bin/kvm -S -M pc-0.12 -enable-kvm -m 1024 -smp 1 -name bigdog21vmxp1 \ -uuid ea47ff84-125b-16f7-9a4d-a6d0d8bab46a \ -chardev socket,id=monitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/bigdog21vmxp1.monitor,server,nowait \ -monitor chardev:monitor \ -localtime \ -boot c \ -drive file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/windowsxp-1.qcow2,if=ide,index=0,boot=on,format=qcow2 \ -net nic,macaddr=54:52:00:02:06:0e,vlan=0,name=nic.0 \ -net tap,fd=58,vlan=0,name=tap.0 \ -chardev pty,id=serial0 \ -serial chardev:serial0 \ -parallel none \ -usb \ -usbdevice tablet \ -vnc 127.0.0.1:1 \ -k en-us \ -vga cirrus \ -soundhw es1370 Why do the systems misbehave this way sometimes? And what configuration can I change in order to fix it? Or, if the problem is due to a bug in kvm, what is the process for isolating a kvm failure so that the developers have a chance of fixing it?

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  • Need Routing help (tagged/untagged)

    - by TheCleaner
    I really need some help trying to figure some "basic" routing. My brain is fried from being sick for a week and I'm not thinking clearly. Picture below describes my "setup". I'm trying to accomplish routing a user from their workstation to the Juniper SSG520 and then "OUT" through the internet connection. I can't move the connection as it is physically located where the user's switch is. Here's what I CAN do at this point: I can ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.116 from 6x.xxx.253.114 I can ping from the x450 in the top right to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.116 What I CANNOT DO: I cannot ping from the SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.114 (basically from the Juniper box to the gateway. I've tried changing port 1 in the x450 VLAN 666 as tagged but when I do that then I can't even ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to the VLAN on the x450 (6x.xxx.253.116). I need to route traffic out the eth3/3 interface on the SSG520 THROUGH the 2 x450 Switches and out the internet connection. The caveat is that the 2 x450 switches are connected via fiber over distance and have tagged VLANs in them for the routing. Thoughts? http://img251.imageshack.us/img251/7752/drawing1.jpg

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  • DL380 G7: Not able to access ILO on DL380 via ssh from a client

    - by user117140
    I have problem where I can't access my ILO(ssh to ILO IP) thru client which is in different network.I am able to ping ILO IP thru this clinet but ssh access is not possible. Is it possible to have ssh to ILO IP from a client which is in different network? FYI, from the same client I can do ssh to server application IP but ssh to this server ILO IP is not possible. Kindly help? Some more info added: ILO IP address is 10.247.172.70 and its VLAN is different than Client VLAN. Client IP address is 10.247.167.80. ping to ILO IP from this client is possible but not ssh. I can do ssh to ILO IP if I try to do it from the server(hostname:node1) having ILO port or from the other node of this cluster itself,So ssh login is enabled. [root@node1 ~]$ssh -v 10.247.173.70 OpenSSH_4.3p2, OpenSSL 0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 01 Jul 2008 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to 10.247.173.70 [10.247.173.70] port 22. [root@node1 ~]$ping 10.247.173.70 PING 10.247.173.70 (10.247.173.70) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.247.173.70: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=0.283 ms 64 bytes from 10.247.173.70: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=0.344 ms 64 bytes from 10.247.173.70: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=0.324 ms 64 bytes from 10.247.173.70: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=0.367 ms

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  • Troubleshooting loss of network connectivity in Windows 2003 - What else to check?

    - by Benny
    We are facing a weird problem in our data center. Our Backup server (running EMC Networker) loses network connection every alternate day around 3:00 AM (Backup schedule starts at midnight). After 2 hours of outage, the network connectivity recovers automatically and back to normal. What we observed: It is unlikely to be network issue, since it is directly connected to server farm switch (layer 2 connection without any intermediate hops). Further, the server is connected to two different switches for Load balancing using Broadcomm Teaming. a) If it were a switch related issue it is unlikely that both the network ports go down, since they are connected to different switch. b) A possibility Vlan wide issue is also ruled out since other devices in the same Vlan are fine. c) Switch interface status is always up. But there are lot of packet drops during the outage period - Can be attributed to high interface utilization of the backup server (near 100%) d) Connectivity is restored without any change on network. Next suspect is resource utilization on Windows server. Both CPU and Memory have rarely exceeded 80%, but NIC card utilization is alarmingly high (near 100%) Not really sure how to investigate this?

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  • ipmi - can't ping or remotely connect

    - by Fidel
    I've tried configuring the IPMI controller to accept remote connections, but I can't even ping it. Here is it status: #/usr/local/bin/ipmitool lan print 2 Set in Progress : Set Complete Auth Type Support : NONE PASSWORD Auth Type Enable : Callback : : User : NONE PASSWORD : Operator : PASSWORD : Admin : PASSWORD : OEM : IP Address Source : Static Address IP Address : 192.168.1.112 Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 MAC Address : 00:a0:a5:67:45:25 IP Header : TTL=0x40 Flags=0x40 Precedence=0x00 TOS=0x10 BMC ARP Control : ARP Responses Enabled, Gratuitous ARP Enabled Gratituous ARP Intrvl : 8.0 seconds Default Gateway IP : 192.168.1.1 Default Gateway MAC : 00:00:00:00:00:00 802.1q VLAN ID : Disabled 802.1q VLAN Priority : 0 RMCP+ Cipher Suites : 0,1,2,3 Cipher Suite Priv Max : uaaaXXXXXXXXXXX : X=Cipher Suite Unused : c=CALLBACK : u=USER : o=OPERATOR : a=ADMIN : O=OEM # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool user list 2 ID Name Enabled Callin Link Auth IPMI Msg Channel Priv Limit 1 true false true true USER 2 admin true false true true ADMINISTRATOR # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool channel getaccess 2 2 Maximum User IDs : 5 Enabled User IDs : 2 User ID : 2 User Name : admin Fixed Name : No Access Available : callback Link Authentication : enabled IPMI Messaging : enabled Privilege Level : ADMINISTRATOR # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool channel info 2 Channel 0x2 info: Channel Medium Type : 802.3 LAN Channel Protocol Type : IPMB-1.0 Session Support : multi-session Active Session Count : 0 Protocol Vendor ID : 7154 Volatile(active) Settings Alerting : disabled Per-message Auth : disabled User Level Auth : disabled Access Mode : always available Non-Volatile Settings Alerting : disabled Per-message Auth : disabled User Level Auth : disabled Access Mode : always available # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool chassis status System Power : on Power Overload : false Power Interlock : inactive Main Power Fault : false Power Control Fault : false Power Restore Policy : unknown Last Power Event : Chassis Intrusion : inactive Front-Panel Lockout : inactive Drive Fault : false Cooling/Fan Fault : false # arp Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.1.112 ether 00:A0:A5:67:45:25 C bond0 # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool -I lan -H 192.168.1.112 -U admin -P admin chassis power status Error: Unable to establish LAN session Unable to get Chassis Power Status In summary. It exists on the ARP list so arp's are being broadcast. I can't ping it and can't connect to it. Can anyone spot any glaring mistakes in the configuration? Many thanks, Fidel

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  • Using a Level 2 switch as a core switch

    - by imtech
    I have a small user base of about 20 people on at a time and spiking up to about 80 people during peak times. Most people (80+%) are connected over our Aruba managed wireless system. We have a Windows Domain. We have 3 24-Port switches all connecting back to a central 48-port switch where additional access ports, firewall, servers, and wireless controller all centrally connect back to. It's a flat network with dumb switches. I'm in the process of upgrading our infrastructure. Cisco pricing for switches is pretty high for us so I've been looking at HP Procurves which seem to be within our budget range. I want to eventually make use of 802.1x, SNMP, QoS for possible VOIP upgrades, VLAN to separate guest VLAN from authenticated users, and other more advanced features. PoE would be nice but that's probably too expensive for us. I was thinking of having our core switch be a Procurve 2610 and the rest of our switches that centrally connect to it be Procurve 2510s. A true and full blown level 3 switch is way out of our price range but a 2610 seems to be good enough for us. The 2610 does static routing which ought to be good enough for us but I'm in unfamiliar territory so I'm looking for any gotchas. Also, should all the switches be 2610s or just the core switch? Do I even need the 2610, can I just go with all 2510s? I'm new to VLANs as well so I'm not sure what it is I need but I would like an affordable infrastructure that won't need replacing 2-3 years down the line because I choose a product that was lacking.

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  • Server 2012, Jumbo Frames - should I expect problems?

    - by TomTom
    Ok, this sound might stupid - but is there any negative on just enabling jumbo frames in practice? From what I understand: Any switch or ethernet adapter that sees a jumbo frame it can not handle will just drop it. TCP is not a problem as max frame size is negotiated in the setinuo phase. UCP is a theoretical problem as a server may just send a LARGE UDP packet that gets dropped on the way. Practically though, as UDP is packet based, I do not really think any software WOULD send a UDP packet larger than 1500 bytes net without app level configuration changes - at least this is how I do my programming, as it is quite hard to get a decent MTU size for that without testing yourself, so you fall back in programming to max 1500 packets. The network in question is a standard small business network - we upgraded now from a non managed 24 port switch to a 52 port switch with 4 10g ports (netgear - quite cheap) and will mov a file server to 10g for also ISCSI serving. All my equipment on the Ethernet level can handle minimum 9000 bytes and due to local firewalls I really want to get packets larger (less firewall processing), but the network is also NAT'ed to the internet. On top, different machines move around (download) large files (multi gigabyte area) quite often for processing. The question is - can I expect problems when I just enable jumbo frames? Again, this is not totally ignorance - I just don't see programs sending more than 1500 byte UDP packets (if that is a practical problem please tell me) and for TCP the MTU is negotiated anyway. if there is a problem I can move to a dedicated VLAN, but this has it's own shares of problems as basically most workstations must then be on both VLAN's.

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  • Has anyone had luck running 802.1x over ethernet using the stock Windows or other free supplicant?

    - by maxxpower
    I just wanted to see if anyone else has had luck implementing 802.1x over ethernet. So here's my basic setup. Switch sends out 3 eapol messages spaced out 5 seconds apart. if there's no response the machine gets put on a guest vlan with restricted access. If the machine is properly configured it will authenticate and be placed into a secure vlan. About 10% of my windows xp users are getting self assigned 169 addresses. I've used the Odyssey Access Client and it worked without a hitch. I'm using the setting to automatically use the users windows login to authenticate, but it's workign on 90% of the machines so I don't think that's the issue. Checking the logs on the dc it seems that the machines are trying to authenticate with computer credentials even though they are configured not to. I'm running Juniper switches with IAS for radius. I have radius configured for PEAP and MSvhapv2. Macs and linux boxes seem to have no issues authenticating. One last thing to add If I unplugging the ethernet cable and plug it back in usually resolves the issue, but I'd hardly call that acceptable for production. Kinda long winded and specific for a discussion, but just want to see if anyone else has had similar issues or experiences, or if anyone knows of a free XP supplicant that actually works with 802.1x over ethernet.

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  • Having two IP Routes/Gateways of last Resort on an HP Switch

    - by SteadH
    We have an HP Layer 3 Switch that is doing IP routing between vlans. The general set up is that the switch has an IP address on each VLAN and IP routing is enabled. On our servers VLAN, we have a firewall that has a connection to the outside world. To set a IP route on the HP router, we use IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 where 192.168.2.1 is the address of our firewall, and the zeros essentially mean to route all traffic that the switch doesn't know what to do with out the firewall as a gateway. We're in the middle of an ISP and firewall change. I set up the new firewall and ran the IOS command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.254 (the address of the new firewall). Things started working nicely. When I reviewed the configuration of the switch though, I noticed that it did not replace the previous ip route command, but just added another route. Now, I know how to remove the old firewall route (no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1), but what is the effect of having these two 0.0.0.0 routes? Is it switch implosion? Will a server just respond back over the route it receives the request from? I've read elsewhere that having two default gateways is an impossibility by definition, but I'm curious about this situation that our switch allowed. Thanks!

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  • How to automatically start VM created by virt-manager?

    - by Jeff Shattock
    I have created a virtual machine with virt-manager that runs on kvm/qemu. The machine works well when started through virt-manager. However, I would like to be able to start and stop the VM through a script in init.d, so that it comes up and down along with the host. I need to have virt-manager show that the machine is running, and to be able to connect to its console through there. When I use the command line that is produced by running ps -eaf | grep kvm after starting the vm through virt-manager, I get some console messages about redirected character devices, but the machine does start and runs properly. However, I do not get any indication from virt-manager that it has started. How can I modify the command line to get virt-manager to pick up the running VM? Is there anything else about the command line that should change when starting outside of virt-manager? Command line is (slightly reformatted for readability): /usr/bin/kvm -S -M pc-0.12 -enable-kvm -m 512 -smp 1 -name BORON \ -uuid fa7e5fbd-7d8e-43c4-ebd9-1504a4383eb1 \ -chardev socket,id=monitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/BORON.monitor,server,nowait \ -monitor chardev:monitor -localtime -boot c \ -drive file=/dev/FS1/BORON,if=ide,index=0,boot=on,format=raw \ -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:20:0b:fd,vlan=0,name=nic.0 \ -net tap,fd=41,vlan=0,name=tap.0 -chardev pty,id=serial0 -serial chardev:serial0 \ -parallel none -usb -usbdevice tablet -vnc 127.0.0.1:1 -k en-us -vga cirrus

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  • openvpn in a bridge?

    - by sebelk
    I have a somewhat tricky proble to solve. We have a wireless link between 2 building. One of them has an mikrotik and below there are some vlans. Some machines of one vlan need to use openvpn to connect to a remote private lan. I put a TP-Link WR1043ND (which those machines connect to) with openwrt with ebtables just in case I need it. I've configured openwrt in such a way that all ports belongs to the same vlan. My idea was to make things as transparent as I can. It has a bridge as follows: usr/sbin/brctl-full show br-lan bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br-lan 8000.f8d111565716 no eth0.1 eth0.2 Also I've added an ebtables rule: ebtables -t broute -A BROUTING -p ipv4 -j DROP So "bridge" has only one IP address. I've installed openvpn and I'm trying to bring up the tunnel but I can't still get working. Sure, someone can says why don't you use the vpn on the mikrotik, there are some reasons, the first one is I have little experience with mikrotik and I'd want to have the vpn at hand :) The problem is that openvpn is not working, because it is complaining that I have only one Ip Address on the server side. So I set up and alias interface with another IP address but is not working either: : Rejected connection attempt from IP-Client-Side:37801 due to --remote setting Is there a way to make it work?

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  • cheap gigabit switch for small business

    - by neoice
    my friend's business is currently borrowing my Adtran 1224R and is very happy with it. it's configured with a few VLANs to segment customers, internal traffic and public wifi. port 1 is a "trunk" port to the router, a chunky Linux box with iptables+NAT. they push a lot of traffic over the LAN (data backups) and really need gigabit. besides, I'd like my Adtran back :P my goal is to find a cheap(ish) switch that can function as a drop-in replacement. it looks like VLAN trunking is actually part of the 802.1q spec, so anything with VLAN support should cover the current trunk-to-router setup. it's nice to have both a web interface and SSH, but I can configure it either way if needed. things like the Netgear GS724T have caught my eye, but it seems like none of the hardware in the $300-500 range have really solid reviews. I'm concerned that "cheaper" hardware might not work for a network full of power users. does anyone have a recommendation for the Netgear GS724T or a switch that will meet my needs?

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  • Cisco ASA 5505 network route for static IP hosts

    - by TheCapn
    I've configured my internal VLAN using the most basic settings where ports 1-7 are assigned from a pool of addresses in the range 192.168.15.5 - 192.168.15.36. These hosts are given access to the internet and it works great. What I'm trying to set up now is allowing users who are connected to the device and specify their IP (say I connect and request 192.168.15.45) are given internet access and can still work alongside DHCP hosts. Those with a DHCP assigned address are blocked from the internet. Mostly the issue resides in that I am very new to working with the device. I feel that the solution is easy but I'm not looking in the right spots and don't have the correct terminology down to google it. Do I need to define access control lists? Group policies? a new VLAN? The rules that are set up seem to be specific to the entire /24 subnet but when I request a static IP outside of the DHCP range I get blocked from other hosts and the internet.

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  • Managing Cisco programatically; Telnet vs SNMP?

    - by MikeHerrera
    I was recently approached by a network-engineer, co-worker who would like to offload his minor network admin duties to a junior-level helpdesk tech. The specific location in need of management acts as an ISP for tenants on its single-site property, so there's a lot of small adjustments being made on a daily basis. I am thinking it would be helpful to write him a winform app to manage the 32 Cisco devices, on-site. I'd like to initially provide functionality which could modify access control lists, port VLAN assignments, and bandwidth limitations per VLAN... adding more to the list as its deemed valuable. My initial thought was to emulate a telnet session with the network device; utilizing my network-engineer's familiarity with the command-line / IOS interaction. Minimal time would be required to learn Cisco IOS conventions, myself. Though while searching for solutions, it appears that most people favor SNMP. That, or, their specific circumstances pushed them in the direction of SNMP. I wanted to know if I've overlooked an obvious benefit of SNMP. Should I be using SNMP? Why or why not?

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  • dhcp-snooping option 82 drops valid dhcp requests on 2610 series Procurve switches

    - by kce
    We are slowly starting to implement dhcp-snooping on our HP ProCurve 2610 series switches, all running the R.11.72 firmware. I'm seeing some strange behavior where dhcp-request or dhcp-renew packets are dropped when originating from "downstream" switches due "untrusted relay information from client". The full error: Received untrusted relay information from client <mac-address> on port <port-number> In more detail we have a 48 port HP2610 (Switch A) and a 24 port HP2610 (Switch B). Switch B is "downstream" of Switch A by virtue of a DSL connection to one of Switch A ports. The dhcp server is connected to Switch A. The relevant bits are as follows: Switch A dhcp-snooping dhcp-snooping authorized-server 192.168.0.254 dhcp-snooping vlan 1 168 interface 25 name "Server" dhcp-snooping trust exit Switch B dhcp-snooping dhcp-snooping authorized-server 192.168.0.254 dhcp-snooping vlan 1 interface Trk1 dhcp-snooping trust exit The switches are set to trust BOTH the port the authorized dhcp server is attached to and its IP address. This is all well and good for the clients attached to Switch A, but the clients attached to Switch B get denied due to the "untrusted relay information" error. This is odd for a few reasons 1) dhcp-relay is not configured on either switch, 2) the Layer-3 network here is flat, same subnet. DHCP packets should not have a modified option 82 attribute. dhcp-relay does appear to be enabled by default however: SWITCH A# show dhcp-relay DHCP Relay Agent : Enabled Option 82 : Disabled Response validation : Disabled Option 82 handle policy : append Remote ID : mac Client Requests Server Responses Valid Dropped Valid Dropped ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 0 0 0 0 SWITCH B# show dhcp-relay DHCP Relay Agent : Enabled Option 82 : Disabled Response validation : Disabled Option 82 handle policy : append Remote ID : mac Client Requests Server Responses Valid Dropped Valid Dropped ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 40156 0 0 0 And interestingly enough the dhcp-relay agent seems very busy on Switch B, but why? As far as I can tell there is no reason why dhcp requests need a relay with this topology. And furthermore I can't tell why the upstream switch is dropping legitimate dhcp requests for untrusted relay information when the relay agent in question (on Switch B) isn't modifying the option 82 attributes anyway. Adding the no dhcp-snooping option 82 on Switch A allows the dhcp traffic from Switch B to be approved by Switch A, by virtue of just turning off that feature. What are the repercussions of not validating option 82 modified dhcp traffic? If I disable option 82 on all my "upstream" switches - will they pass dhcp traffic from any downstream switch regardless of that traffic's legitimacy? This behavior is client operating system agnostic. I see it with both Windows and Linux clients. Our DHCP servers are either Windows Server 2003 or Windows Server 2008 R2 machines. I see this behavior regardless of the DHCP servers' operating system. Can anyone shed some light on what's happening here and give me some recommendations on how I should proceed with configuring the option 82 setting? I feel like i just haven't completely grokked dhcp-relaying and option 82 attributes.

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  • Outbound traffic being blocked for MIP/VIPped servers (Juniper SSG5)

    - by Mark S. Rasmussen
    As we've been having some problems with sporadic packet loss, I've been preparing a replacement router (also an SSG5) for our current Juniper SSG5. I've setup the new SSG5 identically to the old one. We have a /29 IP range with a single IP setup as a MIP map to a server and two others being used for VIP maps. Each VIP/MIP is accompanied by relevant policies. Long story short - we tried connected the new SSG5 and some things were not working as they should. No problem, I just reconnected the old one. However, some things are still broken, even when I reconnected the old one. I fear I may have inadvertently changed some settings while browsing through old settings in my attempt to reconfigure the new SSG5 unit. All inbound traffic seems to work as expected. However, the 192.168.2.202 server can't initiate any outbound connections. It works perfectly on the local network, but any pings or DNS lookups to external IP's fail. The MIP & VIP map to it works perfectly - I can access it through HTTP and RDP without issues. Any tips on what to debug, or where I've messed up my config? I've attached the full config here (with anonymized IPs): set clock timezone 1 set vrouter trust-vr sharable set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" unset auto-route-export exit set service "MyVOIP_UDP4569" protocol udp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 4569-4569 set service "MyVOIP_TCP22" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 22-22 set service "MyRDP" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 3389-3389 set service "MyRsync" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 873-873 set service "NZ_FTP" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 40000-41000 set service "NZ_FTP" + tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 21-21 set service "PPTP-VPN" protocol 47 src-port 2048-2048 dst-port 2048-2048 set service "PPTP-VPN" + tcp src-port 1024-65535 dst-port 1723-1723 set service "NZ_FMS_1935" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 1935-1935 set service "NZ_FMS_1935" + udp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 1935-1935 set service "NZ_FMS_8080" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 8080-8080 set service "CrashPlan Server" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 4280-4280 set service "CrashPlan Console" protocol tcp src-port 0-65535 dst-port 4282-4282 unset alg sip enable set auth-server "Local" id 0 set auth-server "Local" server-name "Local" set auth default auth server "Local" set auth radius accounting port 1646 set admin auth timeout 10 set admin auth server "Local" set admin format dos set vip multi-port set zone "Trust" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "Untrust" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "DMZ" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "VLAN" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "Untrust-Tun" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "Trust" tcp-rst set zone "Untrust" block unset zone "Untrust" tcp-rst set zone "DMZ" tcp-rst set zone "VLAN" block unset zone "VLAN" tcp-rst set zone "Untrust" screen tear-drop set zone "Untrust" screen syn-flood set zone "Untrust" screen ping-death set zone "Untrust" screen ip-filter-src set zone "Untrust" screen land set zone "V1-Untrust" screen tear-drop set zone "V1-Untrust" screen syn-flood set zone "V1-Untrust" screen ping-death set zone "V1-Untrust" screen ip-filter-src set zone "V1-Untrust" screen land set interface ethernet0/0 phy full 100mb set interface ethernet0/3 phy full 100mb set interface ethernet0/4 phy full 100mb set interface ethernet0/5 phy full 100mb set interface ethernet0/6 phy full 100mb set interface "ethernet0/0" zone "Untrust" set interface "ethernet0/1" zone "Null" set interface "bgroup0" zone "Trust" set interface "bgroup1" zone "Trust" set interface "bgroup2" zone "Trust" set interface bgroup2 port ethernet0/2 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/3 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/4 set interface bgroup1 port ethernet0/5 set interface bgroup1 port ethernet0/6 unset interface vlan1 ip set interface ethernet0/0 ip 212.242.193.18/29 set interface ethernet0/0 route set interface bgroup0 ip 192.168.1.1/24 set interface bgroup0 nat set interface bgroup1 ip 192.168.2.1/24 set interface bgroup1 nat set interface bgroup2 ip 192.168.3.1/24 set interface bgroup2 nat set interface ethernet0/0 gateway 212.242.193.17 unset interface vlan1 bypass-others-ipsec unset interface vlan1 bypass-non-ip set interface ethernet0/0 ip manageable set interface bgroup0 ip manageable set interface bgroup1 ip manageable set interface bgroup2 ip manageable set interface bgroup0 manage mtrace unset interface bgroup1 manage ssh unset interface bgroup1 manage telnet unset interface bgroup1 manage snmp unset interface bgroup1 manage ssl unset interface bgroup1 manage web unset interface bgroup2 manage ssh unset interface bgroup2 manage telnet unset interface bgroup2 manage snmp unset interface bgroup2 manage ssl unset interface bgroup2 manage web set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.19 2048 "PPTP-VPN" 192.168.1.131 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.19 + 4280 "CrashPlan Server" 192.168.1.131 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.19 + 4282 "CrashPlan Console" 192.168.1.131 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 22 "MyVOIP_TCP22" 192.168.2.127 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 4569 "MyVOIP_UDP4569" 192.168.2.127 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 3389 "MyRDP" 192.168.2.202 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 873 "MyRsync" 192.168.2.201 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 80 "HTTP" 192.168.2.202 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 2048 "PPTP-VPN" 192.168.2.201 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 8080 "NZ_FMS_8080" 192.168.2.216 set interface ethernet0/0 vip 212.242.193.22 + 1935 "NZ_FMS_1935" 192.168.2.216 set interface bgroup0 dhcp server service set interface bgroup1 dhcp server service set interface bgroup2 dhcp server service set interface bgroup0 dhcp server auto set interface bgroup1 dhcp server auto set interface bgroup2 dhcp server auto set interface bgroup0 dhcp server option domainname iplan set interface bgroup0 dhcp server option dns1 192.168.1.131 set interface bgroup1 dhcp server option domainname nzlan set interface bgroup1 dhcp server option dns1 192.168.2.202 set interface bgroup2 dhcp server option dns1 8.8.8.8 set interface bgroup2 dhcp server option wins1 8.8.4.4 set interface bgroup0 dhcp server ip 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.116 set interface bgroup1 dhcp server ip 192.168.2.2 to 192.168.2.116 set interface bgroup2 dhcp server ip 192.168.3.2 to 192.168.3.126 unset interface bgroup0 dhcp server config next-server-ip unset interface bgroup1 dhcp server config next-server-ip unset interface bgroup2 dhcp server config next-server-ip set interface "ethernet0/0" mip 212.242.193.21 host 192.168.2.202 netmask 255.255.255.255 vr "trust-vr" set interface "serial0/0" modem settings "USR" init "AT&F" set interface "serial0/0" modem settings "USR" active set interface "serial0/0" modem speed 115200 set interface "serial0/0" modem retry 3 set interface "serial0/0" modem interval 10 set interface "serial0/0" modem idle-time 10 set pak-poll p1queue pak-threshold 96 set pak-poll p2queue pak-threshold 32 set flow tcp-mss unset flow tcp-syn-check set dns host dns1 0.0.0.0 set dns host dns2 0.0.0.0 set dns host dns3 0.0.0.0 set address "Trust" "192.168.1.0/24" 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 set address "Trust" "192.168.2.0/24" 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 set address "Trust" "192.168.3.0/24" 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 set ike respond-bad-spi 1 unset ike ikeid-enumeration unset ike dos-protection unset ipsec access-session enable set ipsec access-session maximum 5000 set ipsec access-session upper-threshold 0 set ipsec access-session lower-threshold 0 set ipsec access-session dead-p2-sa-timeout 0 unset ipsec access-session log-error unset ipsec access-session info-exch-connected unset ipsec access-session use-error-log set l2tp default ppp-auth chap set url protocol websense exit set policy id 1 from "Trust" to "Untrust" "Any" "Any" "ANY" permit traffic set policy id 1 exit set policy id 2 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "VIP(212.242.193.19)" "PPTP-VPN" permit traffic set policy id 2 exit set policy id 3 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "VIP(212.242.193.22)" "HTTP" permit traffic priority 0 set policy id 3 set service "MyRDP" set service "MyRsync" set service "MyVOIP_TCP22" set service "MyVOIP_UDP4569" exit set policy id 6 from "Trust" to "Trust" "192.168.1.0/24" "192.168.2.0/24" "ANY" deny set policy id 6 exit set policy id 7 from "Trust" to "Trust" "192.168.2.0/24" "192.168.1.0/24" "ANY" deny set policy id 7 exit set policy id 8 from "Trust" to "Trust" "192.168.3.0/24" "192.168.1.0/24" "ANY" deny set policy id 8 exit set policy id 9 from "Trust" to "Trust" "192.168.3.0/24" "192.168.2.0/24" "ANY" deny set policy id 9 exit set policy id 10 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "MIP(212.242.193.21)" "NZ_FTP" permit set policy id 10 exit set policy id 11 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "VIP(212.242.193.22)" "PPTP-VPN" permit set policy id 11 exit set policy id 12 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "VIP(212.242.193.22)" "NZ_FMS_1935" permit set policy id 12 set service "NZ_FMS_8080" exit set policy id 13 from "Untrust" to "Trust" "Any" "VIP(212.242.193.19)" "CrashPlan Console" permit set policy id 13 set service "CrashPlan Server" exit set nsmgmt bulkcli reboot-timeout 60 set ssh version v2 set config lock timeout 5 set snmp port listen 161 set snmp port trap 162 set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" unset add-default-route exit set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" exit

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  • Does the use of a POS terminal mean I need PCI DSS compliance?

    - by Nic
    I've read a lot about PCI DSS and its requirements, but I'm unclear on what exactly determines whether an organization needs to worry about PCI DSS compliance. We accept payments using a basic HiSpeed 6200 POS terminal which is connected to the internet through our office LAN. We aren't using VLAN's. The terminal isn't integrated with any payment processing applications, it just prints out paper receipts. Do I need to worry about PCI DSS compliance?

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  • SCOM2012 monitor detail changes on switch

    - by siyang
    Could I use SCOM2012 monitor the changes on switch(CISCO 3750 2960 4906 etc), such as VLAN changes, Port shutdown, open any services on switch. I noticed there is one reports named configuration changes report, but seems like no any detail configuration could be monitor on switch? Should I download any MP to monitor the detail changes on SW. Really appreciated your suggestion. Thanks and Regards Siyang

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  • Link aggregation with freebsd8 and a cicso 3550, what am i doing wrong?

    - by Flamewires
    Hey, I am trying to setup Link Aggrigation with LACP (well, anything that provides increased bandwidth and failover using my setup will work). I'm running FreeBSD 8.0 on 3 machines. M1 is running 2 10/100 ethernetcards setup for link aggrigation using lagg. for reference: ifconfig em0 up ifconfig tx0 up ifconfig create lagg0 ifconfig lagg0 laggproto lacp laggport tx0 laggport em0 192.168.1.16 netmask 255.255.255.0 I plugged them into ports 1 and 2 of a Cicso 3550. then ran: configure terminal interface range Fa0/1 - 2 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 1 channel-group 1 mode active (everythings in vlan 1) Now Im able to connect the other computers to other ports on the switch and failover works great, i can unplug cables in the middle of a transfer and the traffic gets rerouted. However, im not noticing any speed increase. My test setup: load balancing: i tried dst and src on the switch, neither seemed to give me a speed increase. I am SCPing 2 500 meg files from the lagg computer to other computers (one each) which are also running 10/100 full duplex cards. I get transfer speeds of about 11.2-11.4 Mbps to a single host, and about half that (5.9-6.2) Mbps when transferring to both at the same time. From what I understood with destination load balancing the router was suppose to balance traffic headed for 1 computer over 1 port and traffic headed for another over a diff(in this case) the other port. With destination-MAC address forwarding, when packets are forwarded to an EtherChannel, the packets are distributed across the ports in the channel based on the destination host MAC address of the incoming packet. Therefore, packets to the same destination are forwarded over the same port, and packets to a different destination are sent on a different port in the channel. For the 3550 series switch, when source-MAC address forwarding is used, load distribution based on the source and destination IP address is also enabled for routed IP traffic. All routed IP traffic chooses a port based on the source and destination IP address. Packets between two IP hosts always use the same port in the channel, and traffic between any other pair of hosts can use a different port in the channel. (Link) What am i doing wrong/what would i need to do to see a speed increase beyond what i could do with just a single card?

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  • how can I reconnect DSL in cisco router 877w

    - by Sulaiman
    Hi All, I've configured ADSL and added a new public LAN ips for the router. How can I reconnect DSL connection and apply the new configuration without executing the command reload this is the commands I am using for DSL configuration config terminal interface dialer 0 ppp chap hostname User ppp chap password 0 Pass exit exit wr mem and this is the commands I am using for adding IP addresses: configure t interface vlan 1 ip address xx.xx.xx.xx 255.255.255.252 Secondary exit wr mem thank you

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  • "Hostile" network in the company - please comment on a security setup

    - by TomTom
    I have a little specific problem here that I want (need) to solve in a satisfactory way. My company has multiple (IPv4) networks that are controlled by our router sitting in the middle. Typical smaller shop setup. There is now one additional network that has an IP Range OUTSIDE of our control, connected to the internet with another router OUTSIDE of our control. Call it a project network that is part of another companies network and combined via VPN they set up. This means: They control the router that is used for this network and They can reconfigure things so that they can access the machines in this network. The network is physically split on our end through some VLAN capable switches as it covers three locations. At one end there is the router the other company controls. I Need / want to give the machines used in this network access to my company network. In fact, it may be good to make them part of my active directory domain. The people working on those machines are part of my company. BUT - I need to do so without compromising the security of my company network from outside influence. Any sort of router integration using the externally controlled router is out by this idea So, my idea is this: We accept the IPv4 address space and network topology in this network is not under our control. We seek alternatives to integrate those machines into our company network. The 2 concepts I came up with are: Use some sort of VPN - have the machines log into VPN. Thanks to them using modern windows, this could be transparent DirectAccess. This essentially treats the other IP space not different than any restaurant network a laptop of the company goes in. Alternatively - establish IPv6 routing to this ethernet segment. But - and this is a trick - block all IPv6 packets in the switch before they hit the third party controlled router, so that even IF they turn on IPv6 on that thing (not used now, but they could do it) they would get not a single packet. The switch can nicely do that by pulling all IPv6 traffic coming to that port into a separate VLAN (based on ethernet protocol type). Anyone sees a problem with using he switch to isolate the outer from IPv6? Any security hole? It is sad we have to treat this network as hostile - would be a lot easier - but the support personnel there is of "known dubious quality" and the legal side is clear - we can not fulfill our obligations when we integrate them into our company while they are under a jurisdiction we don't have a say in.

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  • H/w suggestions for 24 port PoE switch.

    - by sunny
    Hi, I am looking for a 24 port PoE(IEEE 802.3af) switch to power some Snom phones that I have. Please suggest some appliances. I just need basic L2 functions and wouldn't want to go for a expensive Cisco switch. Here are my requirements: 1) IEEE 802.3af PoE 2) 802.1q VLAN 3) Full-Duplex I'd like a CLI also if possible, I've looked at Vyatta, but buying their 24 port appliance is way more expensive than a d-link or a netgear one. Thanks for your suggestions

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