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• Mail won't start up after migration to Mountain Lion Server

  - by Meltemi

  I'm not sure where to start. Our hard disk died on server running 10.6.8. Installed new disk. Followed Apple's migration instructions to 10.8.2. All services are operational except Mail. /var/log/mail.log Dec 6 17:52:17 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10370]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:52:27 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10374]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:52:37 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10376]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:52:47 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10380]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:52:57 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10382]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:07 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10392]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:17 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10394]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:27 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10398]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:38 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10400]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:48 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10404]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:53:58 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10411]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied Dec 6 17:54:08 server@mydomain.com postfix/master[10421]: fatal: bind: private/smtp: Permission denied

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• Apache mod_rewrite weird behavior in Internet Explorer

  - by morrty

  I'm attempting to setup redirection for a couple of root domains. Firstly, here is the code in my httpd-vhosts.conf file: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin ****@example.com ServerName example.com ServerAlias example2.com RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^192\.168\.0\.1$ # This is our WAN IP RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ RewriteRule ^/?(.*) http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}/$1 [L,R,NE] </VirtualHost> What this does is redirect the root domain of example.com or example2.com or any host other than www to www.example(2).com The part I'm having a problem with is the RewriteRule itself. the $1 is supposed to match the pattern of the RewriteRule and add it in the substitution. For example: "http://example.com/test.html" should rewrite to "http://www.example.com/test.html" It works in all modern browsers like it's supposed to except for IE8 or IE9 (I didn't test other IE versions). In IE, this works: "http://example.com" to "http://www.example.com" In IE, this does not work: "http://example.com/test.html" to "http://www.example.com/test.html" Does anyone have an explanation for this behavior? I hope I've explained it well enough. Thank you.

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• How to setup DNS server behind a VPN

  - by Brian

  I want to host some websites behind a VPN and I need some help with the finer points of the configuration. Thus far I've settled on OpenVPN + Bind9 and I want to configure the domains like this: External DNS mail.example.com www.example.com vpn.example.com I want to be able to connect to the vpn using 'vpn.example.com'. Once connected I then want to be able to resolve anything which is '*.vpn.example.com' with the DNS server sitting behind the VPN. I know that OpenVPN can push DNS servers to clients when they connect. I am having trouble though with the DNS config, both internal and external. I've gone through a few tutorials etc. and tried to reason about it myself but I'm not getting anywhere. So my main question would be does the above configuration make sense? If so, any general pointers or examples would be greatly appreciated. Here's what I've tried so far based on this tutorial (I've redacted my domain with example.com). When I try the tests with dig at the end to check the resolution is working it fails. db.vpn.example.com $TTL 15m vpn.example.com. IN SOA ns.vpn.example.com. webadmin@example.com. ( 2009010910 ;serial 900 ;refresh 900 ;retry 900 ;expire 900 ;minimum TTL ) vpn.example.com. IN NS ns.vpn.example.com. ns IN A 192.168.0.2 test IN A 192.168.0.2

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• Windows 2003 Active Directory Integrated DNS zone not registering non-domain computers

  - by Jeff Willener

  I'm not a networking guy by all means, I'm just a developer who dabbles enough to get into trouble and I'm there. So bear with me... :) At my office I have a Windows 2003 Domain Controller which also services DNS. On the domain I have a handful of computers and other misc. equipment/toys. For the DNS I only created a Forward Lookup Zone for my domain (mydomain.com). I run a lot of VM's so generally I have everything on the domain, however some of those VM's are not and only in a 'Workgroup'. I also have another laptop which belongs to another domain (otherdomain.com) which is here 100% but I use it for other purposes and has to belong to the otherdomain.com. With all that said, I have two questions: I have found any computer not on mydomain.com does not register it's IP address even though 'Register this connections address in DNS' is set to in the 'Advanced TCP/IP Settings' for the nic. Where have I messed this up? On the laptop which is registered on otherdomain.com, when I do a nslookup for a computer on mydomain.com (e.g. nslookup devbox1) it appends otherdomain.com as the suffix (e.g. queries devbox1.otherdomain.com). Same thing occurs if I use the fully qualified name. In the 'Advanced TCP/IP Settings' for that nic, I can 'Append these DNS suffixes' of mydomain.com but I fear that will hose my DNS lookups when I VPN to otherdomain.com. So what is the correct approach to resolve this issue? Do I add both mydomain.com and otherdomain.com in that order?

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• multiple streaming servers behind a Bastion Host

  - by Bond

  I am using open source streaming server Red5 on multiple servers. Which are running behind a bastion host. the world knows these sites as http://site1.mydomain.com http://site2.mydomain.com http://site3.mydomain.com http://site4.mydomain.com To reach the front end server is using Apache Reverse Proxy. I am also having video streaming on each of these websites using rtmp. To be able to reach the streaming server I embed a javascript in HTML pages as follows Code: <embed ..... var="rtmp://site1.my_domain.com" > the problem is the website are many site1.mydomain.com site2.mydomain.com site3.mydomain.com site4.mydomain.com each on a separate physical server. Each of these four have their own Red5 installations the front end to each of these four is a common Bastion Host. If I run rtmp on each of the subdomains at a different port how will I make sure a request such as rtmp://site1.mydomain.com rtmp://site2.mydomain.com goes to their respective servers. from the front end server. What do I need to handle in this case ? IPTABLES came to mind instantly but from the client browser on internet when some one requests rtmp://site1.mydomain.com how will I make sure this rtmp request is mapped to a port different than 1935 as there are three other streaming servers which are also to respond to their respective requests ?

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• How to balance the root domain using NS records?

  - by Patrick McCurley

  I have two load balancers that balance incoming traffic across multiple data centers. These work fine. I can test them out by doing an 'nslookup mydomain.com xIP' I have now taken out DNS services with DYN.com to allow me to manage the DNS Zone file so that typing mydomain.com will ask my load balancers what the IP address is to resolve. Step 1 : the NS record for www. I set up A records (glue) for ns1 & ns2, then the corresponding NS record to delegate the DNS lookup to the balancers instead of DYN.com's nameservers. ns1.mydomain.com A [ip address of load balancer 1] ns2.mydomain.com A [ip address of load balancer 1] www.mydomain.com NS ns1.mydomain.com www.mydomain.com NS ns2.mydomain.com All is well - when I type www.mydomain.com, the requests get delegated to my load balancers who provide the IP address of the endpoint and the connect is made successfully. Step 2 : the NS record for root. This is where I run into problems. I need customers to be able to type 'mydomain.com' (without the www) and ALSO get delegated to the load balancers for the IP address. However - of the research I have done, and through the DYN control panel, it seems to be not allowed to provide an NS record for the root - as this overrides the default NS servers. How can i delegate both the root, and the www. to my load balancers?

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• Setting up DNS using VirtualMin/WebMin

  - by Nyxynyx

  I am moving from a cPanel server to one where I've installed VirtualMin. The LAMP stack and the website files have been setup properly and I can access the website by its IP address. Problem: Now its time to point my domain mydomain.com to my new server. After reading many sites describing setting up bind and master zones, I am pretty confused as to what to do, especially coming from a cPanel server where its really simple to set this up. Attempt Tried to register my nameservers ns1.mydomain.com and ns2.mydomain.com at my domain registrar, but I am missing the IPs I need to point these nameservers to. Should I set ns1.mydomain.com to the IP addres of my web server, and not register ns2.mydomain.com? When specifying the DNS for mydomain.com, the first one I've set it to ns1.apadment.com. On the manager/admin page of my webhost provider, I am given the option to create a secondary slave DNS, which I assigned to the IP address of my server. Though I am not sure how the slave DNS will copy the info from my web server? I have assigned this secondary DNS ns.hostprovider.com as the second DNS for mydomain.com I tried creating a Virtual Server under Virtualmin, but it seems to mess up Apache's DocumentRoot for the site by creating and enabling a new vhost file that ends with .conf. I edited the .conf file to point DocumentRoot back to where its supposed to be /var/www/mydomain instead of /user/mydomain.com I believe the next step is to setup the zone. Virtualmin has already created a Master Zone with 8 different addresses (www.mydomain.com, ftp.mydomain.com...). Under Nameservers, there are already 2 records. One is the hostname (random name given by hostprovider, ns12345.ip123-123.net), the other is the secondary slave DNS provided by the host provider. Does having BIND running on my web server makes the server the master DNS? Thank you!

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• Cannot establish XMPP server-to-server connection to gmail

  - by v_2e

  My jabber-server fails to connect to gmail.com giving the error: outgoing s2s stream myserver.com.ua-bot.talk.google.com closed: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) I am using the Prosody XMPP server. It works just fine with other jabber-servers I tested so far (e.g. jabber.ru). However, when some of my clients tries to add a gmail contact to his contact-list, the subscription request lasts forever, and the Prosody gives the following sequence of messages in its log: Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info Beginning new connection attempt to gmail.com ([173.194.70.125]:5269) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info sent dialback key on outgoing s2s stream Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info Session closed by remote with error: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info outgoing s2s stream myserver.com.ua->gmail.com closed: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info sending error replies for 2 queued stanzas because of failed outgoing connection to gmail.com Here for the domain name of my server I use myserver.com.ua I found a similar problem described in this thread, but there is no detailed description of the solution there. As for the Google services, I did have a google account where I added the domain name under question to the Webmasters tools page. However, I deleted my account long ago, so now it is unclear, how any of the Google services can relate to my domain name. So my question is: What is the real cause of this problem (my jabber-server configuration or imaginary Google account or something else) and how can I make my Prosody server connect to gmail.com jabber service?

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• Overriding some DNS entries in BIND for internal networks

  - by Remy Blank

  I have an internal network with a DNS server running BIND, connected to the internet through a single gateway. My domain "example.com" is managed by an external DNS provider. Some of the entries in that domain, say "host1.example.com" and "host2.example.com", as well as the top-level entry "example.com", point to the public IP address of the gateway. I would like hosts located on the internal network to resolve "host1.example.com", "host2.example.com" and "example.com" to internal IP addresses instead of that of the gateway. Other hosts like "otherhost.example.com" should still be resolved by the external DNS provider. I have succeeded in doing that for the host1 and host2 entries, by defining two single-entry zones in BIND for "host1.example.com" and "host2.example.com". However, if I add a zone for "example.com", all queries for that domain are resolved by my local DNS server, and e.g. querying "otherhost.example.com" results in an error. Is it possible to configure BIND to override only some entries of a domain, and to resolve the rest recursively?

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• How is a subdomain passed to the webserver?

  - by Joshua Frank

  I know that dns resolves an address like example.com to an IP address like 11.22.33.44, but I'm a little confused about how subdomains are resolved, so that when you type http://subdomain.example.com, what actually gets passed to the server at 11.22.33.44? In other words, example.com = 11.22.33.44, but subdomain.example.com/path = ??? Are "subdomain" and "path" passed as http headers, or mapped in the url in some way, or what? Thanks in advance. Edit: If I'm understanding correctly, BloodPhilia says that subdomain.example.com actually is a different domain that in principle could resolve to a totally different IP. But if that's so, then what about hosts that have huge numbers of (what look like) subdomains, but which actually map to some path on the site. For instance, blogspot hosts millions of blogs, and they all look like this: aaa.blogspot.com bbb.blogspot.com ...millions more... yyy.blogspot.com zzz.blogspot.com Those are clearly not subdomains with their own IP's, but rather some mapping like aaa.blogspot.com -- www.blogspot.com/aaa, but how is this accomplished? What actually gets passed to the web server at blogspot.com?

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• Sending email with exim and external sender address

  - by Tronic

  i have following problem: i want to send emails with an rails webapp. i set up an exim server and when looking into the logs, the sending works, but the emails aren't sent really. i had the same problem with another isp. the sender address is hosted on another mailserver, other isp. i think the problem is, that sending doesn't work because the sener address isn't hosted on the same server. do you have any advice on this? the logs (exim) tell me the following: 2011-01-01 14:38:06 1PZ1eo-0000Ga-38 <= <> R=1PZ1eo-0000GY-1p U=Debian-exim P=local S=1778 2011-01-01 14:38:08 1PZ1eo-0000Ga-38 => [email protected] R=dnslookup T=remote_smtp H=mx1.emailsrvr.com [98.129.184.131] X=TLS1.0:RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1:32 DN="C=US,O=mx1.emailsrvr.com,OU=GT21850092,OU=See www.geotrust.com/resources/cps (c)08,OU=Domain Control Validated - QuickSSL(R),CN=mx1.emailsrvr.com" 2011-01-01 14:38:08 1PZ1eo-0000Ga-38 Completed [email protected] is the external sender-address! thank you! Edit with more details when sending a mail from command line with echo "Test" | mail -s Testmail foo.bar@gmail.com the logs says 2011-01-01 20:45:24 1PZ7OG-0001Vp-Rx <= root@gustav U=root P=local S=360 2011-01-01 20:45:26 1PZ7OG-0001Vp-Rx => foo.bar@gmail.com R=dnslookup T=remote_smtp H=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [209.85.229.27] X=TLS1.0:RSA_ARCFOUR_MD5:16 DN="C=US,ST=California,L=Mountain View,O=Google Inc,CN=mx.google.com" 2011-01-01 20:45:26 1PZ7OG-0001Vp-Rx Completed and i get the mail on my gmail account. but when sending by webapp (when testing locally with sendmail it works fine) i only get this log output 2011-01-01 20:50:08 1PZ7Sq-0001X9-L4 <= <> R=1PZ7Sq-0001X7-Jo U=Debian-exim P=local S=1780 2011-01-01 20:50:11 1PZ7Sq-0001X9-L4 => [email protected] R=dnslookup T=remote_smtp H=mx1.emailsrvr.com [98.129.184.3] X=TLS1.0:RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1:32 DN="C=US,O=mx1.emailsrvr.com,OU=GT21850092,OU=See www.geotrust.com/resources/cps (c)08,OU=Domain Control Validated - QuickSSL(R),CN=mx1.emailsrvr.com" 2011-01-01 20:50:11 1PZ7Sq-0001X9-L4 Completed

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• Do I need to restart my server after editing fstab and mtab?

  - by jaypabs

  I'm just wondering if I need to restart my server after editing fstab and mtab. I changed something in this file manually due to problem with awstats report. I am using ISPConfig 3 with the help of the tutorial from howtoforge. But due to removing/deleting of some account, the configuration of fstab and mtab messed up. I also ask this question at howtoforge forum but until now no one has answered. If you'd like to read my question please visit it here. I tried very hard to fix the problem w/o luck. Update: Here's what happen to my fstab: Before the value was (I omitted the other): /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/mydomain.com /var/www/clients/client1/web1/log none bind,nobootwait 0 0 /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/example.com /var/www/clients/client1/web2/log none bind,nobootwait 0 0 So I changed it to the correct path: /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/mydomain.com /var/www/clients/client1/web2/log none bind,nobootwait 0 0 /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/example.com /var/www/clients/client1/web3/log none bind,nobootwait 0 0 I also found mtab to have the same value as above that's why I edited it manually. from: /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/mydomain.com /var/www/clients/client1/web1/log none rw,bind 0 0 /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/example.com /var/www/clients/client1/web2/log none rw,bind 0 0 to: /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/mydomain.com /var/www/clients/client1/web2/log none rw,bind 0 0 /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/example.com /var/www/clients/client1/web3/log none rw,bind 0 0 I edited those value because the correct path of mydomain.com and example.com should be under web2 and web3 folder respectively. As of now the log of example.com is pointed to: /var/www/clients/client1/web2/log when it should be: /var/www/clients/client1/web3/log So I am thinking that this is because of fstab and mtab. Please guide me how to point the log correctly to it's default directory. I explain the scenario one by one at this link. to dawud: Based on your example mount -o remount,noexec /var, should I run mount -o remount,noexec /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/example.com?

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• Cannot establish XMPP server-to-server connection with gmail

  - by v_2e

  My jabber-server fails to connect to gmail.com giving the error: outgoing s2s stream myserver.com.ua-bot.talk.google.com closed: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) I am using the Prosody XMPP server. It works just fine with other jabber-servers I tested so far (e.g. jabber.ru). However, when some of my clients tries to add a gmail contact to his contact-list, the subscription request lasts forever, and the Prosody gives the following sequence of messages in its log: Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info Beginning new connection attempt to gmail.com ([173.194.70.125]:5269) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info sent dialback key on outgoing s2s stream Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info Session closed by remote with error: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info outgoing s2s stream myserver.com.ua->gmail.com closed: undefined-condition (myserver.com.ua is a Google Apps Domain with Talk service enabled.) Oct 21 22:57:16 s2sout95897f8 info sending error replies for 2 queued stanzas because of failed outgoing connection to gmail.com Here for the domain name of my server I use myserver.com.ua I found a similar problem described in this thread, but there is no detailed description of the solution there. As for the Google services, I did have a google account where I added the domain name under question to the Webmasters tools page. However, I deleted my account long ago, so now it is unclear, how any of the Google services can relate to my domain name. So my question is: What is the real cause of this problem (my jabber-server configuration or imaginary Google account or something else) and how can I make my Prosody server connect to gmail.com jabber service?

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• Apache Server Redirect Subdomain to Port

  - by Matt Clark

  I am trying to setup my server with a Minecraft server on a non-standard port with a subdomain redirect, which when navigated to by minecraft will go to its correct port, or if navigated to by a web browser will show a web-page. i.e.: **Minecraft** minecraft.example.com:25565 -> example.com:25465 **Web Browser** minecraft.example.com:80 -> Displays HTML Page I am attempting to do this by using the following VirtualHosts in Apache: Listen 25565 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin matt@example.com ServerName minecraft.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/minecraft <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/example.com/minecraft/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:25565> ServerAdmin matt@example.com ServerName minecraft.example.com ProxyPass / http://localhost:25465 retry=1 acquire=3000 timeout=6$ ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:25465 </VirtualHost> Running this configuration when I browse to minecraft.example.com I am able to see the files in the /var/www/example.com/minecraft/ folder, however if I try and connect in minecraft I get an exception, and in the browser I get a page with the following information: minecraft.example.com:25565 -> Proxy Error The proxy server received an invalid response from an upstream server. The proxy server could not handle the request GET /. Reason: Error reading from remote server Could anybody share some insight on what I may be doing wrong and what the best possible solution would be to fix this? Thanks.

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• postfix not sending domain mail to mx

  - by orlandoresorts

  I'm trying to get postfix to forward email to my domain which is hosted by gmail. As I don't have any users on my server nor do I want to. Here's how I have things set up.. LEt's say you and I have a domain called mcdonalds.com the registrar has mcdonalds.com MX records pointing to gmail. (everything works for like a year) Now we set up a server to host a website. Then we create a mail account called sales@mcdonalds.com and send mail locally from the server using roundcube. This works. We can send mail to cnn.com we can send mail to serverfault.com we can email any/everyone. BUT we cannot send mail to our own domain mcdonalds.com So I cannot email info@mcdonalds.com I cannot email bob@mcdonalds.com I cannot email support@mcdonalds.com It gives the error: SMTP Error (450): Failed to add recipient "bob@mcdonalds.com" (4.1.1 : Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table). I'm guessing because it is looking at the local server to find the mailbox and it doesn't exist. So how to I tell the server for any mail going to mcdonalds.com for bob@mcdonalds.com to send to my external mail server and NOT to lookup on the local www box we set up with zpanel. Any ideas?

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• apache on Cent OS opening default page on https

  - by Asghar

  I am new to apache and SSL and configuration, i got verysign certificte to secure my site. i have public, private and ca_intermediate cert files. i have configured ssl.conf as below VirtualHost _default_:443> DocumentRoot /var/www/mydomain.com/web/ ServerName mydomain.com:443 ServerAlias www.mydomain.com # Use separate log files for the SSL virtual host; note that LogLevel # is not inherited from httpd.conf. ErrorLog logs/ssl_error_log TransferLog logs/ssl_access_log LogLevel warn # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on problem is that when i access www.mydoamin.com with "HTTP" it works fine, but when i access using "HTTPS" it just opens apache default page. but with green "HTTPS" means my certificates are installed correctly. How can i get rid of this situtaion. Thanks EDIT Output of apachectl -S -bash-3.2# apachectl -S [Mon Aug 27 10:20:19 2012] [warn] NameVirtualHost 82.56.29.189:80 has no VirtualHosts [Mon Aug 27 10:20:19 2012] [warn] NameVirtualHost 82.56.29.189:443 has no VirtualHosts VirtualHost configuration: wildcard NameVirtualHosts and _default_ servers: _default_:8081 localhost.localdomain (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/000-apps.vhost:10) *:8080 is a NameVirtualHost default server localhost.localdomain (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/000-ispconfig.vhost:10) port 8080 namevhost localhost.localdomain (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/000-ispconfig.vhost:10) *:443 is a NameVirtualHost default server mydomain.com (/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf:81) port 443 namevhost mydomain.com (/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf:81) *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server app.mydomain.com (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/100-app.mydomain.com.vhost:7) port 80 namevhost app.mydomain.com (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/100-app.mydomain.com.vhost:7) port 80 namevhost mydomain.com (/etc/httpd/conf/sites-enabled/100-mydomain.com.vhost:7) Syntax OK

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• What is proper relationship between /etc/hosts and DNS A records for a Linux server?

  - by MountainX

  I have an Ubuntu server. It is going to be a web server with a URI of www.example.com. I have a DNS A record pointing www.example.com to the server's IP address. Let's say I pick "trinity" as the hostname for this server. I want to set up the DNS records correctly. I need reverse DNS to www.example.com, so a CNAME for www.example.com doesn't seem appropriate. Here's my question: Is it considered best practice to set up two DNS records (which in my case would likely be two A records), one for www.example.com and one for trinity.example.com, both pointing to this server's IP address? (Or, even if it is not accepted as a best practice, is it a good idea?) If so, would the following be a proper /etc/hosts file? $ cat /etc/hosts 127.0.1.1 trinity.local trinity 99.100.101.102 trinity.example.com trinity www.example.com This server is a Linode and Linode's docs seem to imply that the above approach is best (if I am reading them correctly). Here's the relevant section. I bolded the line that seems to apply here. Update /etc/hosts Next, edit your /etc/hosts file to resemble the following example, replacing "plato" with your chosen hostname, "example.com" with your system's domain name, and "12.34.56.78" with your system's IP address. As with the hostname, the domain name part of your FQDN does not necesarily need to have any relationship to websites or other services hosted on the server (although it may if you wish). As an example, you might host "www.something.com" on your server, but the system's FQDN might be "mars.somethingelse.com." File:/etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 12.34.56.78 plato.example.com plato The value you assign as your system's FQDN should have an "A" record in DNS pointing to your Linode's IP address. For more information on configuring DNS, please see our guide on configuring DNS with the Linode Manager.

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• How can I avoid permission denied errors when attempting to deploy a rails app with capistrano?

  - by joshee

  Total noob here. I'm attempting to deploy an app through Capistrano. I'm getting relentless permission denied errors when I attempt to run cap deploy:update. Seemingly at least some of these errors are due to missing directories that trigger a "Permission Denied" error. (I'm doing setup on root just temporarily.) set :user, 'root' set :domain, 'domainname.com' set :application, 'appname' # adjust if you are using RVM, remove if you are not $:.unshift(File.expand_path('./lib', ENV['rvm_path'])) require "rvm/capistrano" set :rvm_ruby_string, '1.9.2' # file paths set :repository, "ssh://[email protected]/~/git/appname.git" set :deploy_to, "/var/rails/appname" # distribute your applications across servers (the instructions below put them # all on the same server, defined above as 'domain', adjust as necessary) role :app, domain role :web, domain role :db, domain, :primary => true set :deploy_via, :remote_cache set :scm, 'git' set :branch, 'master' set :scm_verbose, true set :use_sudo, false set :rails_env, :production namespace :deploy do desc "cause Passenger to initiate a restart" task :restart do run "touch #{current_path}/tmp/restart.txt" end desc "reload the database with seed data" task :seed do run "cd #{current_path}; rake db:seed RAILS_ENV=#{rails_env}" end end after "deploy:update_code", :bundle_install desc "install the necessary prerequisites" task :bundle_install, :roles => :app do run "cd #{release_path} && bundle install" end Here's my result: ** [domainname.com :: out] Cloning into '/var/rails/appname/shared/cached-copy'... ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied, please try again. ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied, please try again. ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password). ** [domainname.com :: err] fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly I'm able to ssh without a password, so not sure about that publickey error. By the way, if I run cap deploy:update without set :deploy_via, :remote_cache, here's my result: ** [domainname.com :: out] Cloning into '/var/rails/appname/releases/20120326204237'... ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied, please try again. ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied, please try again. ** [domainname.com :: err] Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password). ** [domainname.com :: err] fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly command finished Thanks a lot for your help with this.

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• Extract sender activity from postfix logs for auditing user

  - by Aseques

  We have a mail user on our postfix server that was using the company mail to send compromising information to the competence. I've been asked to make a report of the actions for that user in the last time. There are tools like pflogsumm and others that can extract statistic data, but I haven't so far find anything useful to get all the info for a user because the data is in multiple lines. I'd like to get something like this: For the sent mail 11/11/11 00:00:00 infractor@example.com -> user@anothercompany.com 11/11/11 00:00:01 infractor@example.com -> user2@anothercompany2.com For the received mail 10/10/11 00:00:00 user@anothercompany.com -> infractor@example.com 10/10/11 00:00:01 user2@anothercompany2.com -> infractor@example.com I know I can do a script by myself, but matching the postfix ID for every mail is not something that can be made with a simple grep, and I've a lot of mail history that I have to recheck distributed among diferent files and so on. The source log is the standard postfix format, for example this one... Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: B35CB5ED3D: from=<infractor@example.com, size=10755, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtpd[32099]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtp[32420]: 58C3E5EC9C: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=1.4, delays=0.01/0/0/1.4, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=32697-04, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as B35CB5ED3D) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: 58C3E5EC9C: removed Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtp[32379]: B35CB5ED3D: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mail.anothercompany.com[123.123.123.163]:25, delay=0.06, delays=0.03/0/0.01/0.02, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 77D0EB6C025) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: B35CB5ED3D: removed

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• Spam or exchange issue?

  - by John

  I am getting an error message to unknow user on my domain. I would like to know is this just a phishing spam email or it was really send from our domain? I have changed our domain name to OURDOMAIN.COM I have Exchange 2010 installed. Body of the email is Delivery has failed to these recipients or distribution lists: sales The recipient's e-mail address was not found in the recipient's e-mail system. Microsoft Exchange will not try to redeliver this message for you. Please check the e-mail address and try resending this message, or provide the following diagnostic text to your system administrator. Sent by Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 Diagnostic information for administrators: Generating server: murraygroup.local sales@OURDOMAIN.com #550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound; not found ## Original message headers: Received: from ironport.mih.co.uk (10.10.29.9) by mih-exca-01.murraygroup.local (10.10.29.133) with Microsoft SMTP Server id 8.3.106.1; Fri, 29 Jun 2012 12:36:12 +0100 Received: from glamf04.netintelligence.com (HELO mailfilter.iomart.com) ([62.128.193.114]) by ironport.mih.co.uk with SMTP; 29 Jun 2012 12:42:48 +0100 Received: from glamta4.netintelligence.com(localhost.localdomain[127.0.0.1]) by mailfilter.iomart.com ; Fri, 29 Jun 2012 12:37:18 BST Received: from [195.43.137.66] ([195.43.137.66]) by glamta4.netintelligence.com (8.13.1/8.12.8) with ESMTP id q5TBbH4j022142 for <[email protected]>; Fri, 29 Jun 2012 12:37:18 +0100 Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 12:37:17 +0100 Message-ID: <20120629145229.4C2A817231D8A7958044@SONW> From: Ines Hampton <[email protected]> To: sales <[email protected]> Reply-To: Marguerite Soto <[email protected]> Subject: User sales MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Return-Path: CarmenF77297@OURDOMAIN.COM eporting-MTA: dns;murraygroup.local Received-From-MTA: dns;ironport.mih.co.uk Arrival-Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 11:36:12 +0000 Final-Recipient: rfc822;sales@OURDOMAIN.com Action: failed Status: 5.1.1 Diagnostic-Code: smtp;550 5.1.1 RESOLVER.ADR.RecipNotFound; not found X-Display-Name: sales

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• Apache Virtual Host with directory aliases

  - by brechtvhb

  I'm trying to set up a dynamic virtual host in apache with a directory alias pointing to a difirent path for every domain. Here's what I'm trying to achive. Say I have 2 domains: * www.domain1.com * www.domein2.com I want both to point to the same index.php file (C:/cms/index.php). Now the hard part ... I want directories or certain file types to point to a diffirent path for each domain. Example: * www.domain1.com/layout -> C:/store/www.domain1.com/layout * www.domain2.com/layout -> C:/store/www.domain2.com/layout * www.domain1.com/image.png -> C:/store/www.domain1.com/image.png * www.domain2.com/image.png -> C:/store/www.domain2.com/image.png However the admin directory should point to the same path again for all sites * www.domain1.com/admin -> C:/cms/admin * www.domain2.com/admin -> C:/cms/admin Is there a way to achieve this kind of behaviour in apache 2.2 without having to create a virtualhost entry for each new domain?

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• I am starting to think that Prevx.com isnt a legit site...but heres my long-winded question

  - by cop1152

  I apologize in advance for the long-winded post. I posted it all because I believe its informative and may be useful. Also, I posted my question at the end. Moments ago I was RDC to a file server in my home (from inside my home). I had opened Firefox and Googled for a manufacturers website. Immediately after clicking the link, Firefox abruptly closed. This seemed odd to me to so I checked the running processes and discovered d.exe, e.exe, and f.exe running. I Googled these processes on a different machine and found them belonging to a key-logger/screen-capturer/trojan called defender.exe, which according to the Prevx lives in c:\documents and settings\user\local settings\temp. (Prevx link http://www.prevx.com/filenames/147352809685142526-X1/DEFENDER32.EXE.html) Simultaneously, an obviously-spoofed Windows Firewall popup appeared on the server asking me to click ‘yes’ to update Windows Firewall. At this time I ended all rogue processes, emptied the temp folder, removed defender.exe from startup, and checked my registry and a few other locations. Before deleting Defender.exe I noted that it was created moments ago, just before Firefox crashed. I believe that I was ‘almost’ infected with this malware. I believe that it needed me to click the phony popup in order to complete infection because it wasn’t allowed to execute processes from the temp folder. After cleaning the machine, I restarted it and have been monitoring it for over an hour. I am debating on whether or not to restore the Windows partition (a separate physical drive from the data) or to just watch it for awhle. I should mention that, because of the specs on this machine, I do not run antivirus software, but I know it well and inspect it regularly. It is a very old Compaq with a 400mhz processer and 512mb of ram. I have a static IP and the server is in the DMZ running an FTP client and some HTTP server software. All files transferred to and stored on this machine are scanned for malware before transferring. Usually the machine only runs 19 processes and performs pretty well for its intended purpose. I posted the story so that you could be aware of a possible new piece of malware and how it acts, but I also have a question or two. First, over the last few months I have noticed that PREVX is listed at the top of most of my Google searches when researching malware, especially for new or obscure malware…and they always want you to purchase something. I don’t think they are one of the top AV companies, so it seems odd that they are always the top Google result. Does anyone have any experience with any of their products? Also, what sites do you rely on for malware researching? Recently, I have found it difficult to find good info because of HijackThis-logs and other deadend info cluttering up my searches. And lastly, besides antivirus, third-party firewall, etc, what settings would you use to lock down a machine to make it more secure in instances where a stubborn admin like myself refuses to run AV? Thanks.

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• Nginx and Wordpress side-by-side with static directory alias?

  - by user117161

  I'm a Nginx novice, but I have it set up with Wordpress Multisite (subdirectories) and php-fpm, and it's working great as is. This lets me set up Wordpress sites off the web root: domain.com/site1 - a Wordpress network single site, which renders as expected. domain.com/site2 - ditto etc. Concurrently, I can easily create static files in the web root that don't conflict or interact with Wordpress, and they are also rendered normally. domain.com/hello.html - rendered normally domain.com/hello.php - rendered normally, including php processing domain.com/static/hello.php - rendered normally (along as "static" isn't a WP single site name) What I'd like to do, and this is where I'm out of my depth with nginx.conf, is create a root directory domain.com/static and put static sites in there domain.com/static/site3 domain.com/static/site4 and have Nginx check the request that comes into the root request comes in for: domain.com/site3 and before handing off to Wordpress, check to see if it exists in the /static folder checks: domain.com/static/site3 - static content exists there and if so, serves that content while maintaining the root URI. serves: domain.com/site3 (with content from domain.com/static/site3) if not, it lets Wordpress check if /site3 is a Wordpress single network site as it does now, and the process continues normally. In nginx.conf, in the server section, I start with this try_files rule: location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args; } I then include a bunch of Wordpress specific rules as identified at http://codex.wordpress.org/Nginx under the subdirectory section. I can see that rewrite rules might take care of it easily, but in my experimentation I've only achieved a bunch of looping (/static/static/static, etc.) and managed to bypass Wordpress if the looping stopped. Sorry if this is a very long-winded way of asking a simple question, but I'm definitely learning some of this stuff for the first time. Thanks!

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• Apache Virtual Host with directory aliases

  - by brechtvhb

  Hi, I'm trying to set up a dynamic virtual host in apache with a directory alias pointing to a difirent path for every domain. Here's what I'm trying to achive. Say I have 2 domains: * www.domain1.com * www.domein2.com I want both to point to the same index.php file (C:/cms/index.php). Now the hard part ... I want directories or certain file types to point to a diffirent path for each domain. Example: * www.domain1.com/layout -> C:/store/www.domain1.com/layout * www.domain2.com/layout -> C:/store/www.domain2.com/layout * www.domain1.com/image.png -> C:/store/www.domain1.com/image.png * www.domain2.com/image.png -> C:/store/www.domain2.com/image.png However the admin directory should point to the same path again for all sites * www.domain1.com/admin -> C:/cms/admin * www.domain2.com/admin -> C:/cms/admin Is there a way to achieve this kind of behaviour in apache 2.2 without having to create a virtualhost entry for each new domain?

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• Domain name is bringing up wrong site

  - by daniel0mullins

  I have a VPS that hosts several domains. I have set up Apache in the following manner: First VirtualHost /etc/apache2/sites-available/somedomain.com <VirtualHost somedomain.com:80> ServerName somedomain.com ServerAlias www.somedomain.com ... </VirtualHost> Second VirtualHost /etc/apache2/sites-available/someotherdomain.com <VirtualHost someotherdomain.com:80> ServerName someotherdomain.com ServerAlias www.someotherdomain.com ... </VirtualHost> Then I symlink the config files from sites-available to sites-enabled and all is well. I had a need to 'turn off' someotherdomain.com, so I removed the symlink to /etc/apache2/sites-available/someotherdomain.com from sites-enabled and the site no longer shows up... BUT typing someotherdomain.com into a web browser brings up somedomain.com!!! I need it to not resolve at all. Does somethiing need to be done in the VirtualHost to just automatically return a 500 or something along those lines. I really don't want people to reach one website from a different domain. Thanks! EDIT ports.conf looks like this NameVirtualHost *:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> NameVirtualHost *:443 Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule>

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